Did my hard drive crash? Do I need an upgrade? How do I upgrade? Help!

Question

Okay, this is going to be pretty long and I might miss some information!
First of all, I have a 13" macbook. Mac OS x 10.5.8 2, 13 GHz intel core 2 Duo, 2GB.
There was (and still is) an x in the battery on my screen where it should show the charging progress. My computer could only work when I had it plugged in, where a green light appeard on the charger. After looking online on what I should do for it, I decided to update my software. It restarted, and the bluetooth update came up. I clicked "update" and my screen unexpectedly shut off. I'm not sure if that had anything to do with it shutting off, but I thought I would put it in there just in case. After it shut off, I tried to start it. It would not start. It would turn to a gray screen with an apple and a loading symbol. I looked online (my phone internet) and found a bunch of different things to do. I tried to reset the SMC by taking out the battery and holding the power down for five second, etc., and a PRAM/ PMU reset. Still nothing. After a few days of trying to get it to turn on and no response, it finally turned on! Another thing I did, which I did not find online I just tried it because everything else was failing, was held down the power button until the light flashed and it would turn on. Except, now it takes way longer to turn on. The gray screen is still there with the apple and loading spinwheel, and then it turns to a blue screen, then the sign in screen. It still shuts off unexpectedly, sometimes right away. Sometimes it can stay on for a while. Eventually, it shuts off. I still have trouble getting it to turn on. It will make the start up sound, then turn off ASAP. I'm running out of ideas! I've tried the resets multiple times. I can not find the disc that came with my computer, if one. I keep reading online to install the disc and hold the c button. What can I do? Is the damage permanent? Do I need to take it in? Is there a downloadable upgrade? PLEASE HELP!
May be important- I tried a different macbook battery, so that's not the problem! I've also done the "software update" when you click "about this mac." I've conpleted the bluetooth update also that popped up when my computer shut off for the first time. When I shut the computer, rather than going to sleep, the screen and apple stay turned on.
Battery Information:
  Model Information:
  Serial Number:          XXXX-YYYY-0-0
  Charge Information:
  Charge remaining (mAh):          0
  Fully charged:          No
  Charging:          No
  Full charge capacity (mAh):          0
  Health Information:
  Cycle count:          0
  Battery Installed:          No
  Amperage (mA):          0
  Voltage (mV):          0
System Power Settings:
  AC Power:
  System Sleep Timer (Minutes):          60
  Disk Sleep Timer (Minutes):          10
  Display Sleep Timer (Minutes):          60
  Automatic Restart On Power Loss:          Yes
  Wake On AC Change:          No
  Wake On Clamshell Open:          Yes
  Wake On LAN:          Yes
  Display Sleep Uses Dim:          Yes
  Battery Power:
  System Sleep Timer (Minutes):          0
  Disk Sleep Timer (Minutes):          10
  Display Sleep Timer (Minutes):          0
  Wake On AC Change:          No
  Wake On Clamshell Open:          Yes
  Display Sleep Uses Dim:          Yes
  Reduce Brightness:          Yes
Hardware Configuration:
  UPS Installed:          No
AC Charger Information:
  Connected:          Yes
  Charging:          No

Answer 1

I export all of my photos to external harddrives to get them off my hard drive since the files are so big. I show I have no referenced files.
If you have moved your Aperture library to an external drive, check the formatting of the drive. Other than previous Aperture versions will  Aperture 3.4.5 not open any Aperture library, if the drive has an incompatible format and is not formatted MacOS X Extended (Journaled).
You can see the formatting of your drive in the Info panel, if you select the drive in the Finder and use the command "File > Get Info" (or the shortcut ⌘I).  If your drive has a different formatting, save the contents to a different drive and reformat your drive using Disk Utility.
See: Format external drives to Mac OS Extended before using with Aperture