Editable ALV's

Question

Can anyone tell me a business scenario when we might need to develop an editable ALV. Am new to ABAP & trying to work out on some possible scenarios. So could anyone please help me out by suggesting/sending me a sample specification for the same? ( [email protected] ) Would be very helpful. And when we try to edit a field in the list how does the system edit the system tables like? I mean does it again make use of any FM's or procedures to ensure system consistency? And if anyone has some good material on advanced concepts of ALV's please send it to my email address. All helpful answers would be awarded SDN points. Thanks...

Answer 1

Hi
ABAP List Viewer
We raely use the editable ALV's in the real projects.
The common features of report are column alignment, sorting, filtering, subtotals, totals etc. To implement these, a lot of coding and logic is to be put. To avoid that we can use a concept called ABAP List Viewer (ALV).
This helps us to implement all the features mentioned very effectively.
Using ALV, We can have three types of reports:
1. Simple Report
2. Block Report
3. Hierarchical Sequential Report
There are some function modules which will enable to produce the above reports without much effort.
All the definitions of internal tables, structures and constants are declared in a type-pool called SLIS.
1. SIMPLE REPORT.
The important function modules are
a. Reuse_alv_list_display
b. Reuse_alv_fieldcatalog_merge
c. Reuse_alv_events_get
d. Reuse_alv_commentary_write
e. Reuse_alv_grid_display
A. REUSE_ALV_LIST_DISPLAY : This is the function module which prints the data.
The important parameters are :
I. Export :
i. I_callback_program : report id
ii. I_callback_pf_status_set : routine where a user can set his own pf status or change the functionality of the existing pf status
iii. I_callback_user_command : routine where the function codes are handled
iv. I_structure name : name of the dictionary table
v. Is_layout : structure to set the layout of the report
vi. It_fieldcat : internal table with the list of all fields and their attributes which are to be printed (this table can be populated automatically by the function module REUSE_ALV_FIELDCATALOG_MERGE
vii. It_events : internal table with a list of all possible events of ALV and their corresponding form names.
II. Tables :
i. t_outtab : internal table with the data to be output
B. REUSE_ALV_FIELDCATALOG_MERGE : This function module is used to populate a fieldcatalog which is essential to display the data in ALV. If the output data is from a single dictionary table and all the columns are selected, then we need not exclusively create the field catalog. Its enough to mention the table name as a parameter(I_structure name) in the REUSE_ALV_LIST_DISPLAY. But in other cases we need to create it.
The Important Parameters are :
I. Export :
i. I_program_name : report id
ii. I_internal_tabname : the internal output table
iii. I_inclname : include or the report name where all the dynamic forms are handled.
II Changing
ct_fieldcat : an internal table with the type SLIS_T_FIELDCAT_ALV which is
declared in the type pool SLIS.
C. REUSE_ALV_EVENTS_GET : Returns table of possible events for a list type
Parameters :
I. Import :
Et_Events : The event table is returned with all possible CALLBACK events
for the specified list type (column 'NAME'). For events to be processed by Callback, their 'FORM' field must be filled. If the field is initialized, the event is ignored. The entry can be read from the event table, the field 'FORM' filled and the entry modified using constants from the type pool SALV.
II. Export :
I_List_type :
0 = simple list REUSE_ALV_LIST_DISPLAY
1 = hierarchcal-sequential list REUSE_ALV_HIERSEQ_LIST_DISPLAY
2 = simple block list REUSE_ALV_BLOCK_LIST_APPEND
3 = hierarchical-sequential block list
REUSE_ALV_BLOCK_LIST_HS_APPEND
D. REUSE_ALV_COMMENTARY_WRITE : This is used in the Top-of-page event to print the headings and other comments for the list.
Parameters :
I. it_list_commentary : internal table with the headings of the type slis_t_listheader.
This internal table has three fields :
Typ : ‘H’ – header, ‘S’ – selection , ‘A’ - action
Key : only when typ is ‘S’.
Info : the text to be printed
E. REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY : A new function in 4.6 version, to display the results in grid rather than as a preview.
Parameters : same as reuse_alv_list_display
This is an example for simple list.
2. BLOCK REPORT
This is used to have multiple lists continuously.
The important functions used in this report are:
A. REUSE_ALV_BLOCK_LIST_INIT
B. REUSE_ALV_BLOCK_LIST_APPEND
C. REUSE_ALV_BLOCK_LIST_HS_APPEND
D. REUSE_ALV_BLOCK_LIST_DISPLAY
A. REUSE_ALV_BLOCK_LIST_INIT
Parameters:
I. I_CALLBACK_PROGRAM
II. I_CALLBACK_PF_STATUS_SET
III. I_CALLBACK_USER_COMMAND
This function module is used to set the default gui status etc.
B. REUSE_ALV_BLOCK_LIST_APPEND
Parameters :
Export :
I. is_layout : layout settings for block
II. it_fieldcat : field catalog
III. i_tabname : internal table name with output data
IV. it_events : internal table with all possible events
Tables :
i. t_outtab : internal table with output data.
This function module adds the data to the block.
Repeat this function for all the different blocks to be displayed one after the other.
C. REUSE_ALV_BLOCK_LIST_HS_APPEND
This function module is used for hierarchical sequential blocks.
D. REUSE_ALV_BLOCK_LIST_DISPLAY
Parameters : All the parameters are optional.
This function module display the list with data appended by the above function.
Here the functions REUSE_ALV_FIELDCATALOG_MERGE, REUSE_ALV_EVENTS_GET, REUSE_ALV_COMMENTARY_WRITE can be used.
3. Hierarchical reports :
Hierarchical sequential list output.
The function module is
A. REUSE_ALV_HIERSEQ_LIST_DISPLAY
Parameters:
I. Export:
i. I_CALLBACK_PROGRAM
ii. I_CALLBACK_PF_STATUS_SET
iii. I_CALLBACK_USER_COMMAND
iv. IS_LAYOUT
v. IT_FIELDCAT
vi. IT_EVENTS
vii. i_tabname_header : Name of the internal table in the program containing the
output data of the highest hierarchy level.
viii. i_tabname_item : Name of the internal table in the program containing the
output data of the lowest hierarchy level.
ix. is_keyinfo : This structure contains the header and item table field
names which link the two tables (shared key).
II. Tables
i. t_outtab_header : Header table with data to be output
ii. t_outtab_item : Name of the internal table in the program containing the
output data of the lowest hierarchy level.
slis_t_fieldcat_alv : This internal table contains the field attributes. This internal table can be populated automatically by using ‘REUSE_ALV_FIELDCATALOG_MERGE’.
Important Attributes :
A. col_pos : position of the column
B. fieldname : internal fieldname
C. tabname : internal table name
D. ref_fieldname : fieldname (dictionary)
E. ref_tabname : table (dictionary)
F. key(1) : column with key-color
G. icon(1) : icon
H. symbol(1) : symbol
I. checkbox(1) : checkbox
J. just(1) : (R)ight (L)eft (C)ent.
K. do_sum(1) : sum up
L. no_out(1) : (O)blig.(X)no out
M. outputlen : output length
N. seltext_l : long key word
O. seltext_m : middle key word
P. seltext_s : short key word
Q. reptext_ddic : heading (ddic)
R. ddictxt(1) : (S)hort (M)iddle (L)ong
S. datatype : datatype
T. hotspot(1) : hotspot
see the example:
report yh645_secndry_alv.
type-pools: slis.
data: fieldcat type slis_t_fieldcat_alv,
fieldcat_ln like line of fieldcat,
fs_layout type slis_layout_alv,
t_layoout like standard table
of fs_layout.
data: begin of fs_spfli,
carrid type spfli-carrid,
connid type spfli-connid,
countryfr type spfli-countryfr,
cityfrom type spfli-cityfrom,
airpfrom type spfli-airpfrom,
countryto type spfli-countryto,
cityto type spfli-cityto,
airpto type spfli-airpto,
fltime type spfli-fltime,
deptime type spfli-deptime,
arrtime type spfli-arrtime,
distance type spfli-distance,
distid type spfli-distid,
fltype type spfli-fltype,
period type spfli-period,
checkbox,
color(3),
end of fs_spfli.
data:
begin of fs_table,
carrid type spfli-carrid,
connid type spfli-connid,
end of fs_table.
data: begin of fs_sflight,
check,
color(3).
include type sflight.
data:end of fs_sflight.
data:
begin of fs_table1,
carrid type sflight-carrid,
connid type sflight-connid,
fldate type sflight-fldate,
end of fs_table1.
data:
t_spfli like standard table
of fs_spfli.
data:
t_table like standard table
of fs_table.
data:
t_table1 like standard table
of fs_table1.
data:
t_sflight like standard table
of fs_sflight.
data:
t_sbook like standard table
of sbook.
data t_layout type slis_layout_alv.
select *
into corresponding fields of table t_spfli
from spfli.
perform start_list_viewer.
perform get_spfli_details.
*& Form SUB1
text
-->RT_EXTAB text
form sub1 using rt_extab type slis_t_extab.
data: flight type slis_extab.
flight-fcode = 'SFLIGHT'.
append flight to rt_extab.
set pf-status 'SFLIGHT'. " EXCLUDING RT_EXTAB.
endform. "SUB1
*& Form START_LIST_VIEWER
text
--> p1 text
<-- p2 text
form start_list_viewer .
data: pgm like sy-repid.
pgm = sy-repid.
fs_layout-box_fieldname = 'CHECKBOX'.
fs_layout-info_fieldname = 'COLOR'.
call function 'REUSE_ALV_LIST_DISPLAY'
exporting
i_callback_program = pgm
i_callback_pf_status_set = 'SUB1'
i_callback_user_command = 'USER_COMMAND'
i_structure_name = 'SPFLI'
is_layout = fs_layout
tables
t_outtab = t_spfli
exceptions
program_error = 1
others = 2.
if sy-subrc <> 0.
MESSAGE ID SY-MSGID TYPE SY-MSGTY NUMBER SY-MSGNO
WITH SY-MSGV1 SY-MSGV2 SY-MSGV3 SY-MSGV4.
endif.
endform. " START_LIST_VIEWER
*******Process Call Back Events (Begin)**************************
form user_command using ucomm like sy-ucomm
selfield type slis_selfield.
case ucomm.
when 'SFLIGHT'.
selfield-refresh = 'X'.
perform get_spfli_details.
select *
from sflight
into corresponding fields of table t_sflight
for all entries in t_table
where carrid eq t_table-carrid
and connid eq t_table-connid.
perform display_sflight.
when 'SBOOK'.
selfield-refresh = 'X'.
perform get_sflight_details.
select *
from sbook
into corresponding fields of table t_sbook
for all entries in t_table1
where carrid eq t_table1-carrid
and connid eq t_table1-connid
and fldate eq t_table1-fldate.
perform display_sbook.
endcase.
endform. "USER_COMMAND
*& Form SUB2
text
-->RT_EXTAB text
form sub2 using rt_extab type slis_t_extab.
data: flight type slis_extab.
flight-fcode = 'SBOOK'.
append flight to rt_extab.
set pf-status 'SBOOK'. " EXCLUDING RT_EXTAB.
endform. "SUB2
*& Form DISPLAY_SFLIGHT
text
--> p1 text
<-- p2 text
form display_sflight .
data: pgm like sy-repid.
pgm = sy-repid.
clear t_layout.
fs_layout-box_fieldname = 'CHECK'.
fs_layout-info_fieldname = 'COLOR'.
call function 'REUSE_ALV_LIST_DISPLAY'
exporting
i_callback_program = pgm
i_callback_pf_status_set = 'SUB2'
i_callback_user_command = 'USER_COMMAND'
i_structure_name = 'SFLIGHT'
is_layout = fs_layout
tables
t_outtab = t_sflight
exceptions
program_error = 1
others = 2.
if sy-subrc <> 0.
MESSAGE ID SY-MSGID TYPE SY-MSGTY NUMBER SY-MSGNO
WITH SY-MSGV1 SY-MSGV2 SY-MSGV3 SY-MSGV4.
endif.
endform. " DISPLAY_SFLIGHT
*& Form GET_SPFLI_DETAILS
text
--> p1 text
<-- p2 text
form get_spfli_details .
loop at t_spfli into fs_spfli.
if fs_spfli-checkbox = 'X'.
fs_spfli-color = 'C51'.
fs_spfli-checkbox = '1'.
fs_table-carrid = fs_spfli-carrid.
fs_table-connid = fs_spfli-connid.
append fs_table to t_table.
modify t_spfli from fs_spfli.
endif.
endloop.
endform. " GET_SFLIGHT_DETAILS
*& Form GET_SFLIGHT_DETAILS
text
--> p1 text
<-- p2 text
form get_sflight_details .
loop at t_sflight into fs_sflight.
if fs_sflight-check = 'X'.
fs_sflight-color = 'C71'.
fs_sflight-check = '1'.
fs_table1-carrid = fs_sflight-carrid.
fs_table1-connid = fs_sflight-connid.
fs_table1-fldate = fs_sflight-fldate.
append fs_table1 to t_table1.
modify t_sflight from fs_sflight.
endif.
endloop.
endform. " GET_SFLIGHT_DETAILS
*& Form DISPLAY_SBOOK
text
--> p1 text
<-- p2 text
form display_sbook .
data: pgm like sy-repid.
pgm = sy-repid.
call function 'REUSE_ALV_LIST_DISPLAY'
exporting
i_callback_program = pgm
i_structure_name = 'SBOOK'
tables
t_outtab = t_sbook
exceptions
program_error = 1
others = 2.
if sy-subrc <> 0.
MESSAGE ID SY-MSGID TYPE SY-MSGTY NUMBER SY-MSGNO
WITH SY-MSGV1 SY-MSGV2 SY-MSGV3 SY-MSGV4.
endif.
endform. " DISPLAY_SBOOK
Reward points if useful
Regards
Anji