Equalization and Symbol Rate

Despite my number of posts on this board...I swear that I am happy with my NI devices....
I noticed a peculiar thing today.  I am using some of the example programs to do some channel characterization.  The investigation is meant to be relatively simple.  I am using no baseband filtering, and since my transmitter and receiver are static I desire no equalization (in fact, right now, the up and down converters are connected via a short SMA as I do some "sanity checks".)
I am interested in utilizing as much of the 20MHz real time bandwidth as possible...so I went into the transmitter code (for example, the PSK Generate.VI located in the Modulation Toolkit Example folder) and hardwired 20MHz in for the bandwidth.  With no baseband filtering, the original code determines BW by scaling the symbols/sec by some number (10 I think) which would limit the symbols/sec to 1MSym/sec.
Anyway...with my 20Mhz BW...I set the symbol rate at 100kHz.  Using the PSK Demod VI in the same example directory, I observe the constellation and other measurements.  No problems here.  1Mhz symbol rate....OK.   Increase to 5Mhz...a little noisier, but OK.  Higher than that (say 10MHz symbol rate) and the MER and EVM start going way up.  Note that this is independent of the scheme (BPSK, QPSK, 8-PSK...whatever). 
I noticed that if I then turn on equalization (on both the Tx and Rx sides of course), that the MER and EVM goes way down....especially at the high symbol rates.
So my question....I thought equalization was only necessary if the channel response changes over time (multi-path,etc.).  Why then would equalization improve things when the symbol rate gets higher?  Is it possible I'm seeing the frequency/phase offset of the upconverter and downconverter LO's?   Or, maybe I'm just approaching the limit of the hardware and the equalization routines actually help clean up non-idealities of the hardware at those rates?  For the channel I'm characterizing, I am actually interested in seeing the effect of potential multipath, so I'd rather not use the equalization routines at this time.  Maybe I'm looking at having to make a tradeoff here?
Brandon

Hello Brandon,
The behavior you are seeing is expected.  The equalization filter is used to correct the amplitude and phase of the signal so that after it passes though the 5610 you have a flat passband.  There is a section of the RFSG help called IF Response and Software Equalization and it can be found under Devices >> NI 5671 Overview >> Advanced Topics >> IF Response and Software Equalization.
I copied the typical magnitude response of the 5610 upconverter with the equalization filter disabled (upper graph) and with it enabled (lower graph) from the manual.  You can see it below.  I hope this answers your question.
Regards,
Jesse O.
Applications Engineering
National Instruments
Message Edited by Jesse O on 07-19-2007 02:59 PM
Jesse O. | National Instruments R&D
Attachments:
equal.jpg ‏20 KB

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