How to smooth edges of a layer in Illustrator?

Okay, I'm not exactly sure how to phrase my question, but I'll do my best.
Basically I have a drawing that was made in Photoshop and now I need to make it larger. However, it gets pixellated of course. Therefore I want to put it in Illustrator and make the edges smoother (it's basically four colors that do not blend, so each color is separate).
Is there any fairly easy way to do this? I figure I could either smooth the edges or turn it into a vector. I know Photoshop and InDesign, but I haven't used Illustrator at all, so I have no idea how to do this.
Sorry if I wasn't clear on something, please let me know. Thank you very much!

You can also make a path/paths out of your layer/selection in Photoshop and copy to Illie.
It will probably be more accurate that way if you handle it right.
Once you have pasted a path into Illie it becomes an "Object" (Illiespeak) on a layer. Illie's layers can hold many objects.
Now all you have to do is colour it (Color ans Swatches palettes).

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    Hi all,
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    Hi.
    Here's a little more food for thought.
    Noel and Paulo have offered good suggestions for getting very close to the desired result. But the characters might still need a little tweaking.
    Before I tweaked, I would convert the character to a vector path. And do my tweaking on the path. Refining the path should be fairly simple, and when you're done you have a character that can be scaled to your hearts content and it will be crisp.
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    Then using the Direct Selection Tool (A)and the Pen Tool (P) you can perfect the letter. There is no drawing with the Pen Tool. Just adding and deleting points. Some points will have to be converted from corner to smooth and vice versa. Some will need to be moved a little. I selected the point or points then used the arrow keys to nudge them.
    Below is my finished vector path. As you can see, on this particular font most of the handles are vertical or horizontal. Part of what gives this font its characteristic shape. And it makes things a little easier. Once a point is in the right position, just hold down the Shift key while you drag the handle to adjust the curve. Mostly points will have to be deleted. The fewer the points the better. But no less than you need. They're cheap. (Caveat: Make sure you rename your work path. Otherwise, if you make a new path, you'll lose it.)
    Below, the path is rendered at 3 sizes, Huge, Large, and Actual Size of the screenshot. They are all crisp. Make it big as a barn and it will still be crisp.
    Anyway, if you're going to be fiddling around with fonts, I'd suggest you learn vectors if you don't know them already. The scalability is necessary. As Noel said, Ps is not ideal for this. But the vector tools in Ps are quite good enough to get you going. If you are comfortable with paths, you can convert the Magic Wand selection directly into a path and not refine it first as Noel and Paul suggested. That's what I did. It won't look as good as a converted selection modified by Noel or Paulo's method at first, but it may not be any harder to perfect.
    Once you have the path perfected, you may also convert the path into a Custom Shape. Then using the Shape Tool (U) you can drag and draw the shape to size. You can create a Shape Tool Library for the font. See the Help Files for details.
    Another note about this font. The circles at the end of some of the letters are really circles.You can use this to your advantage when tuning up the letters.
    That should be plenty to chew on top of what the others have already put on your plate.
    Peace,
    Lee

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                        var idTrnS = charIDToTypeID( "TrnS" );
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