Matching colours in Illustrator?

I shot a photograph with a white object on a black background. I edited the photo in Photoshop. The background was pure black. I then 'placed' the photograph in Illustrator over a black background. Now the photo background shows up lighter than the Illustrator background. How can I match the colours?

Did you measure (in Photoshop) what you call ‘pure black’?
Is the Photoshop file in CMYK or RGB?
Is the black in Illustrator built up in the same way as the ‘pure black’?
Is the Illustrator file in CMYK or RGB?
Is the photo linked or embedded?
Are you using Overprint Preview?
Take a careful look at the colours in both your files and I think you will be able to find the answer yourself.

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