Prompting for user input in nested select statements

Question

I recently rewrote a query to use a nested select statement instead of specifying every SELECT field on the GROUP BY line.  Here's the query which works perfectly with hard-coded values of '030', '01/01/11', and '12/31/11'.
SELECT T0.[CardName] AS Customer, T0.[CardCode] as 'Cust ID', T0.[Phone1] as Phone, T0.[CntctPrsn] as 'Contact Person', T0.[Address], T0.[City], T0.[State1] as State, T0.[ZipCode] as 'Zip Code', T0.[Country],  T1.[TotalSales]
FROM OCRD T0 
INNER JOIN
   (SELECT I.[CardCode] AS CardCode, SUM(I.[DocTotal]) AS TotalSales
    FROM OINV I
    WHERE left (I.[CardCode], 3) = '030' AND (I.[DocDate] >= '01/01/11' AND I.[DocDate] <= '12/31/11')
    GROUP BY I.[CardCode]) T1
ON T0.[CardCode] = T1.[CardCode]
ORDER BY T0.[CardName]
When I try to prompt for the left 3 characters of the CardCode (or the dates), ie.
    WHERE left (I.[CardCode], 3) = [%0] AND (I.[DocDate] >= '01/01/11' AND I.[DocDate] <= '12/31/11')
I get an error "Column 'OCRD.CardName' is invalid in the select list because it is not contained in either an aggregate function or the GROUP BY clause".
It's like putting a user variable in the inner SELECT made it part of the outer SELECT which is exactly what I was trying to avoid by re-writing this query with the inner SELECT.
Can anyone explain what SQL Server is doing here and how to fix it?

Answer 1

Thanks Gordon.  That's how I originally wrote the query and it works fine.  But I was disturbed that I had to GROUP BY every field in my SELECT statement when I really only wanted to group by CardCode.  So I did some research and came up with this where the inner select still groups by only CardCode and still takes user input.  I don't really understand why you need the commented SELECT statements in the SET lines, but you do.  Something about using real table fields for variables.
DECLARE @startDate datetime
DECLARE @endDate datetime
DECLARE @rep varchar(10)
SET @rep /* SELECT T0.[CardCode] FROM ORDR T0 WHERE T0.[CardCode] */ = '[%0]'
SET @startDate /* SELECT T0.[DocDate] FROM OINV T0 WHERE T0.[DocDate] */ = '[%1]'
SET @endDate /* SELECT T0.[DocDate] FROM OINV T0 WHERE T0.[DocDate] */ = '[%2]'
SELECT T0.[CardName] AS Customer, T0.[CardCode] as 'Cust ID', T0.[Phone1] as Phone, T0.[CntctPrsn] as 'Contact Person', T0.[Address], T0.[City], T0.[State1] as State, T0.[ZipCode] as 'Zip Code', T0.[Country],  T1.[TotalSales]
FROM OCRD T0 
INNER JOIN
   (SELECT I.[CardCode] AS CardCode, SUM(I.[DocTotal]) AS TotalSales
    FROM OINV I
    WHERE left (I.[CardCode], 3) = @rep AND (I.[DocDate] >= @startDate AND I.[DocDate] <= @endDate)
    GROUP BY I.[CardCode]) T1
ON T0.[CardCode] = T1.[CardCode]
ORDER BY T0.[CardName]
FOR BROWSE