Real Time kernel questions

I decided to compile myself a new kernel using a PKGBUILD from AUR, which contains Ingo Molnar's real time patch. I know that there are some entries int the wiki about this (Kernel Compilation with ABS, Custom Kernel Compilation with ABS, Kernel Patches and Patchsets), but they don't answer all of my doubts.
The major question is related to my graphic card's drivers. I'm a happy Radeon user using fglrx proprietary drivers. At the moment they are working fine on a vanilla kernel form [core], the problem is whether I would have to do some voodoo to make them work on a rt-kernel? Now I know what is written in wiki about installing Catalyst drivers on a custom kernel, but when on Mandriva I tried to install 8.1 on my rt-kernel, I had to do some tricks and recompile fglrx to make it work. Does anyone tried installing Catalyst drivers ver. 8.2 on a real-time kernel from AUR?
Another thing: I have a .config file from the previous rt-kernel. Would it be suitable for 2.6.24?
Finally, I recently read about grsecurity patchset. Did anyone tried it on Arch, especially on a real time kernel? Any problems?
Waiting for suggestions

broch wrote:first I hope that you understand that RT kernels on desktops are slower than preempt default or vanilla kernel?
I'm using one on my Mandriva 2008.0 and didn't notice any slowdown.
broch wrote:second: I use grsec (or RSBAC) kernels.
grsec will not work with anything messing up with memory (even Kolivas patches in past had issues with grsec). This can be fixed but then what is the point of enabling hardened kernel with disabled features?
I simply patch vanilla with grsec.
Remember that some pax options are incompatible with X (all explained when option is selected, so no way to make mistake)
finally it works well lowest overhead, best speed and easies to manage among kernel hardening patches (I do not count Apparmor, as this is rather limited tool)
If I understood you, then it's a choice between real time and more security, right?

Similar Messages

Real time interview questions

Hi gurus
Can anyone of u pls give answers for the following real time interview questions.
1.How do you implement a new object required by ur Client...and what are all the proccess up to Production Server....?
2.What is the Role played by RFC is SAP Systems
3.. What are all the initial things done to you while u are put in to the team....?
Pls do the needfull
Thanking you
sure i will assign full points

1._How do you implement a new object required by ur Client...and what are all the proccess up to Production Server....?_
- Develop the New Info object
- Test them Info object in Quality(if you got one in your Landscape)
   - To test in Quality,Firstly you need to "TRANSPORT"the obj to Quality(TRANSPORT CONNECTION - OBJ - TRANSPORT(assign to a Transport Request)(truck icon)
   - Once the obj is Tested fine without any bugs.errors,
- Transport the obj from DEV to PROD
- Transport Conn - Obj -Transport(truck icon)
   - SE09 (Release the particular Request)
   - STMS (Import the Request to PROD) (Can be done by BASIS)
2)_What is the Role played by RFC is SAP Systems_
    - RFC(Remote Function Call) used to help establish connection between the BW and the Source system.
    - You setup the RFC in SM59
3)_What are all the initial things done to you while u are put in to the team....?_
    - This literally depends on the Type of Project you are deployed.(Implementation/Support)
Hope this stuff help you out..
cheers

Real time interview questions in XI

Hi guys,
Can anyone send me Real time interview questions in XI to my mail id [email protected] will be awarded.
Thanks in advance

Hi , check some of the FAQS.
Some of them not answered.
. Which of the following are Components of XI
MDM, Adapter Framework, RWB, SLD, IS
-à
2. What is a XI Pipeline?
3. Source element occurs once whereas the target element it is mapped to is produced 3 times when the mapping is executed. Why does this happen?
4. A context object is used in place of what?
5. what is UDF? What are the mandatory functions that you use in a Java based UDF
a. Init() , Execute(), Destroy(), Run(), SetParameter()
6. ABAP mapping is implemented using what?
7. When you dont find the ABAP mapping option in IR what do u do?
8. Any of the of different Mapping types (Java, MM, XSLT, ABAP) can be called in any order for Interface mapping ? True of False
9. Is true case sensitive in case of a Boolean function and can 1 be interpreted a Boolean TRUE?
10. what is Context Changes ?
11. What are the protocols that the Mail adapter supports
12. Why is a SAP BC used?
13. WSDL representation of a Message Interface is used to generate what kind of proxies?
a. ABAP Proxies
b. Java Proxies
c. Neither ABAP nor Java
d. Both ABAP and Java proxies
14. Would you configure a Sender IDOC communication channel?
15. You are required to upload additional libraries for the JMS adapter. How would you do it?
16. QoS that a Sender JDBC communication channel supports
17. What are the transport protocols a JMS adapter supports?
18. Would you configure the Integration Server as a Logical system in a scenario where IDOCs are being sent from a SAP R/3 system to XI?
19. Why do we specify the Logical System name in the SLD?
20. The pre-requisites for sending IDOCs to an XI system
a. Connection parameters must be maintained in SWCV
b. User must have administration rights in XI
c. The IDOC metadata must be imported into IR
21. You need to post a transaction using a RFC. How would you accomplish this?
a. Use a async BAPI call with implicit Commit?
b. Use a async BAPI call with explicit Commit?
22. what is PCK? What is the necessity for a PCK?
23. In a company the Central Adapter Engine is installed close to the business partner site. Why do you this this is done?
24. The flow of a message entering the Adapter Engine from Integration Server is--
a. It is queued, processed using module processors and then posted to the backend application
b. It is processed using module processors, queued and then posted to the backend application
25. Is the persistence layer used by the Adapter Engine and the Integration Engine (Integration Server) same?
26. Is the Message ID specified in the Integration Engine same as the Message ID used during the Message transformation in the Adapter engine?
27. Would you configure a Sender HTTP adapter?
28. QoS in case of a RFC Receiver adapter
29. Sync-Async bridge is used for?
30. A Business Process is
a. Executable cross component
b. Can send and receive messages
31. What is the purpose of a deadline branch
32. What is SXI_CACHE used for?
33. Container elements can be typed to what ?
34. Why is a Wait step used?
35. A block can have which of the following?
a. Multiple Exception branches
b. Multiple Condition branches
36. For what all step types can you use a Corelation?
37. Which of the following is true?
a. Blocks can be Nested
b. Blocks can be Overlapped
38. You need to collect and club messages in a container element coming from different steps. How would you do this?
39. In case of a Block, which of the following is true?
Elements of a super container are visible in sub-containers
Elements of a subordinate container are not visible in all blocks
Elements defined in the process container are visible in all blocks
40. what is Co relation & Local Co-relation
41. Where can you use N: M transformation?
42. Alert framework uses/leverages CCMS?
43. If you want to cancel a process and set its status to Logically Deleted when a Deadline is reached, do you need to use a Control Step having its Action as CancelProcess or is it automatically done?
44. What are the ways an Exception can be triggered?
45. What would be the best architecture after implementing SAP XI? Implementing EDI adapter(s).
46. How to run the Adapter engine as a service?
47. How SAP Netweaver supports a holistic approach to BPM (Business Process Management)?
48. What is the role of SAP XI?
49. How can we differentiate SAP XI from Business Connector (BC)?
50. How to send mail from SAP XI?
51. What are the migration steps from XI 2.0 to XI 3.0?
52. XI will support synchronous communication and asynchronous communication?
A. Yes
B. No
53. Integration server contains the following components?
A. Additional integration services
B. Integration Engine
C. Business Process Engine
D. Integration Repository
54. Integration Repository provides the following components?
A. Business processes
B. Mapping Objects
C. Components at design time
D. Imported objects
55. What is the usage of Web Application server in XI?
56. What is the use of RFC and IDOC Adapters in XI?
57. How to convert WSDL (Web Services Descriptive Language) to target language?
58. What is the component to generate Jave classes?
59. What is ESA (Enterprise Service Architecture)?
60. What are the key elements of ESA?
61. How to transport SLD, Integration Directory & Integration Repository objects to the Production system?
62. Can we import XSD Schemas into XI 2.0?
63. which api you use for java mapping.
64. You use context object in place of what?
65. To make non mandatory node mandatory which you should to?
66. In case of RFC communication sender system sends a rfc call but target system does not receive it. What you think went wrong?
67 Difference between Xi business process and workflow ?
68. When you use transaction SXMB_MONI for process monitoring, which field tells you that the entry is for business process.
69. What are different Xi components?
70. In which all places you can use receive process?
71 In which all steps you can activate correlation?
1. How many interfaces are u developed in u r project.
2,What is land accepted.?
3.What is Your team size ?
4.The work assignment procedure in your organization?
5.What is your complete company object.?
6.What is the nesicity of developing that scenario.?
7.What is the advantage over other integration tools.?
8.What is Sender agreement?
9.What is Receiver agreement?
10.Tell me the steps for Multiple Idoc to File.(BPM Scenarios)
11.Tell me the steps for file to Multiple Idoc (BPM)
12.How to Create Alerts in BPM?
13.How to Use Third Party Adaptors in u r project.?
14.How to Use External Objects?
15.What is the Use of Node Fictions in XI?(example)
16 Examples on RFC lookups?
regards,
Brahmaji.

How to verify RTSJ use linux real time kernel?

Hi,
I'm complete newbie into this area and I'm trying out the RTSJ 2.1 beta Linux. I'm using this on Ubuntu with the linux real time kernel. Is there anyway to find out whether the real time kernel is being actually used or in other words is there a way to find out whether RTSJ works fine with the real time kernel on Ubuntu? I see that the programs get compiled and run irrespective of whether I use the real time kernel or the generic kernel.
Thanks,
Vidura

Hi,
I would assume, like other distributions, that you either boot the real-time kernel or you don't. uname should show you what you are running, but you'd have to ask the Ubuntu folk what you should see for the RT kernel.
To see if you are benefiting from real-time, you need to run a RTSJ app that tracks deadline misses or measures latency/jitter. Try it on the non-real-time kernel and the real-time one and see what you get. Some of the examples in the "Getting Started" guide should be usable for these purposes.
David Holmes

Hard Real time kernel

Hi, This might not be the right place, but Sun used to sell a real "hard real time", kernel. I cant seem to find any reference to this on their site anymore. Does it still exist ?, can we still buy it ?, where do I go to find out more information ?.
TIA
Michael

broch wrote:first I hope that you understand that RT kernels on desktops are slower than preempt default or vanilla kernel?
I'm using one on my Mandriva 2008.0 and didn't notice any slowdown.
broch wrote:second: I use grsec (or RSBAC) kernels.
grsec will not work with anything messing up with memory (even Kolivas patches in past had issues with grsec). This can be fixed but then what is the point of enabling hardened kernel with disabled features?
I simply patch vanilla with grsec.
Remember that some pax options are incompatible with X (all explained when option is selected, so no way to make mistake)
finally it works well lowest overhead, best speed and easies to manage among kernel hardening patches (I do not count Apparmor, as this is rather limited tool)
If I understood you, then it's a choice between real time and more security, right?

Real Time Kernel patch

Hi,
Has anyone tried to add the realtime kernel patch to an existing arch installation?
Can anyone provide home help ?
I want to add the RT patch so i can use some Real Time Java implementations on arch

As you can see, a bit of googling would have solved your problems. Now, please go read the wiki on custom kernels and the AUR before asking questions about how to use those.

Experimenting with FCP/ Real time rendering question

Hello, I am preparing to purchase a Mac Pro and spent some time at the local mac affiliate store playing with FCP and motion.
In fcp I took two clips and dropped them in the timeline, adding the 3d cube transition, and some filters to both clips.
I was looking at performance of real time rendering on teh base config of the MP I plan on purchasing.
I then added another clip above these two, intending on dropping the opacity to further push the RTR (real time rendering). This clip overlapped the transition of the two other clips in v1 and v2.
When attempting to play the timeline the viewer window now said "Not Rendered"
My question is:
Is there a limit to how many tracks can be run under the RTR? Why did I get this message?
My main reason of the move to a Mac Pro is to get away from constantly pre-rendering.
Thanks everyone in advance!

In fcp I took two clips and dropped them in the timeline, adding the 3d cube transition, and some filters to both clips.I was looking at performance of real time rendering on teh base config of the MP I plan on purchasing. I then added another clip above these two, intending on dropping the opacity to further push the RTR (real time rendering). This clip overlapped the transition of the two other clips in v1 and v2.
<
Sounds like you know what you're doing and what you expect. A factor that has not been mentioned yet, besides RAM, prefs and drive speeds, is your video format.
Also, the new rev of FCP is taking advantage of tons of processing overhead, vastly increasing the amount of stuff you can do in real time. However, real time is largely a preview operation, regardless of the machine or system, unless you are using proprietary codecs, such as Media 100, that might be hardware-assisted. Output is almost always a rendering issue, multiple stacked or processed layers require the creation of new media.
The only way you're going to be able to decide if Macintosh and FCP are right for you is to demo thoroughly and that requires using your own footage.
bogiesan

SOA real-time design question

Hi All,
We are currently working with SOA Suite 11.1.1.4. I have a SOA application requirement to receive real-time feed for six data tables from an external third party. The implementation consists of five one-way operations in the WSDL to populate the six database tables.
I have a design question. The organization plans to use this data across various departments which requires to replicate or supply the data to other internal databases.
In my understanding there are two options
1) Within the SOA application fork the data hitting the web-service to different databases.
My concern with this approach is what if organizations keep coming with such requests and I keep forking and supplying multiple internal databases with the same data. This feed has to be real-time, too much forking with impact the performance and create unwanted dependencies for this critical link for data supply.2) I could tell other internal projects to get the data from the populated main database.
My concern here is that firstly the data is pushed into this database flat without any constraints and it is difficult to query to get specific data. This design has been purposely put in place to facilitate real-time performance.Also asking every internal projects to get data from main database will affect its performance.
Please suggest which approach should I take (advantage/disadvantage. Apart from the above two solutions, is there any other recommended solution to mitigate the risks. This link between our organization and external party is somewhat like a lifeline for BAU, so certainly don't want to create more dependencies and overhead.
Thanks

I had tried implementing the JMS publisher/subscriber pattern before, unfortunately I experienced performance was not so good compared to the directly writing to the db adapter. I feel the organization SOA infrastructure is not setup correctly to cope with the number of messages coming through from external third party. Our current setup consists of three WebLogic Servers (Admin, SOA, BAM) all running on only 8GB physical RAM on one machine. Is there Oracle guideline for setting up infrastructure for a SOA application receiving roughly 600000 messages a day. I am using SOA 11.1.1.4. JMS publisher/subscriber pattern just does not cope and I see significant performance lag after few hours of running. The JMS server used was WebLogic JMS
Thanks
Edited by: user5108636 on Jun 13, 2011 4:19 PM
Edited by: user5108636 on Jun 13, 2011 7:03 PM

Need ABAP real time questions

hello ABAP gurus,
i am a fresh ABAper, technically very sound, but not getting job as a fresh ABAPer. So i am showing +2 years fake exp.
I usually clear the ABAP tech round, but always being rejected because of the lack of real time ABAP questions those r usually put/asked by the interviewers to trap the fake candidates.
If anybody having such question and answers, plz open to the SAP community.
it will be really the most rewardable help to all ABAP freshers.

You'd think so, but in some countries it can be very messy and costly to get rid of someone even if they did get the job dishonestly or under false pretences.
It also means that the person who made the decision to hire them has to admit he was wrong ...
I once saw a guy who'd been on two projects with a consulting firm - kicked off both within a few weeks and spenmt a year on the bench - get hired as develpment manager. Now there were three guys from his ex-firm already on site and the dork who hired him didn't even think to informally ask them. When the penny dropped they tried demoting him and he threatined to sue.
You think Dilbert is fiction?

Real time OS?

Is the kernel of solaris 10 a real time kernel? I mean on solaris 10 can I code and run application developed in real time java?

Should work, at least if you have two CPU's, then you can use one of the CPU's to recieve hardware interrupts, sync filesystems etc and the other one can be used to run your rt application.
//M:

Can somebody give some real time questions for alv report

hi guru
can somebody give some real time questions for alv report.
answers also.
regards
subhasis.

hi,
The ALV is a set of function modules and classes and their methods which are added to program code. Developers can use the functionality of the ALV in creating new reports, saving time which might otherwise have been spent on report enhancement
The common features of report are column    alignment, sorting, filtering, subtotals, totals etc. <b>To implement these, a lot of coding and logic is to be put. To avoid that we can use a concept called ABAP List Viewer (ALV).</b>
Using ALV, we can have three types of reports:
   1. Simple Report
   2. Block Report
   3. Hierarchical Sequential Report
<b>Reward useful points</b>
Siva

Questions on working in real time

Hi. Just have a couple of questions about working in real time, actually on the swf.
Firstly, I want to create a sort of drag and drop interface. Is it possible to have one stage act as two seperate stages? By this, I mean is it possible to have the left hand side of my stage hold all the components, they get dragged to the right hand side of the stage and placed anywhere, the user can then click save, and only the right hand side of the stage is saved?
Secondly, I am testing a few things out. What would I do to get a type of free transform on an image on the stage in real time, in the swf? So once the movie is played, the user could then resize any image how they like by dragging a corner of the image..
Cheers for any advise.

What I would like is the movie to display to the user. When they see the movie, it looks like the screen is split in two. On the left hand side of the screen will be the components which can be dragged and dropped. The right hand side of the screen will be a birthday card, whereby the users can drop and drag components to personalise the card. I then want the user to be able to save the card, but a normal save will save the whole screen, including the components side of the screen. All I want is the right hand side of the screen saved, where their card has been created. Would this be done with two movies, and communication between the two. Or is this possible to do on just one stage?

BI 7.0 Question on RDA (Real Time Data Acquisition)

Those who have all implemented RDA (real Time Data Acquisition) in BI 7.0, could you please tell me if this is limited to only a few of the extractors or available to all the business content extractors. Reason I ask this question is I read that if you have PI_BASIS 2005.1 then RDA is possible, but when I go into ROOSOURCE table in R/3 I do not see the Real time flag checked for any of the transactional Businees content extractors!!
Also does this mean that we need to set this flag manually and if so is this supported by SAP? please throw in expert your responses...
Ram

Dinesh, thank you...after going throught the posts I am still more confsued and not sure if SAP supports any Business content data sources as RDA Capable yet...also if someone has successfully implemented RDA for any of the following applications please do reply back, thank you...
1. Plant maintenance
2. GL
3. EC-PCA
thank you

Abap-hr real time questions

hi friends
kindly send me ABAP-HR REAL TIME QUESTION to my mail [email protected]
Thanks&Regards
babasish

Hi
Logical database
A logical database is a special ABAP/4 program which combines the contents of certain database tables. Using logical databases facilitates the process of reading database tables.
HR Logical Database is PNP
Main Functions of the logical database PNP:
Standard Selection screen
Data Retrieval
Authorization check
To use logical database PNP in your program, specify in your program attributes.
Standard Selection Screen
Date selection
Date selection delimits the time period for which data is evaluated. GET PERNR retrieves all records of the relevant infotypes from the database. When you enter a date selection period, the PROVIDE loop retrieves the infotype records whose validity period overlaps with at least one day of this period.
Person selection
Person selection is the 'true' selection of choosing a group of employees for whom the report is to run.
Sorting Data
· The standard sort sequence lists personnel numbers in ascending order.
· SORT function allows you to sort the report data otherwise. All the sorting fields are from infotype 0001.
Report Class
· You can suppress input fields which are not used on the selection screen by assigning a report class to your program.
· If SAP standard delivered report classes do not satisfy your requirements, you can create your own report class through the IMG.
Data Retrieval from LDB
1. Create data structures for infotypes.
    INFOTYPES: 0001, "ORG ASSIGNMENT
                        0002, "PERSONAL DATA
                        0008. "BASIC PAY
2. Fill data structures with the infotype records.
    Start-of-selection.
         GET PERNR.
    End-0f-selection.
    Read Master Data
Infotype structures (after GET PERNR) are internal tables loaded with data.
The infotype records (selected within the period) are processed sequentially by the PROVIDE - ENDPROVIDE loop.
          GET PERNR.
             PROVIDE * FROM Pnnnn BETWEEN PN/BEGDA AND PN/ENDDA
                    If Pnnnn-XXXX = ' '. write:/ Pnnnn-XXXX. endif.
             ENDPROVIDE.
Period-Related Data
All infotype records are time stamped.
IT0006 (Address infotype)
01/01/1990   12/31/9999 present
          Which record to be read depends on the date selection period specified on the
          selection screen. PN/BEGDA PN/ENDDA.
Current Data
IT0006 Address - 01/01/1990 12/31/9999   present
RP-PROVIDE-FROM-LAST retrieves the record which is valid in the data selection period.
For example, pn/begda = '19990931'    pn/endda = '99991231'
IT0006 subtype 1 is resident address
RP-PROVIDE-FROM-LAST P0006 1 PN/BEGDA PN/ENDDA.
Process Infotypes
RMAC Modules - RMAC module as referred to Macro, is a special construct of ABAP/4 codes. Normally, the program code of these modules is stored in table 'TRMAC'. The table key combines the program code under a given name. It can also be defined in programs.The RMAC defined in the TRMAC can be used in all Reports. When an RMAC is changed, the report has to be regenerated manually to reflect the change.
Reading Infotypes - by using RMAC (macro) RP-READ-INFOTYPE
          REPORT ZHR00001.
          INFOTYPE: 0002.
          PARAMETERS: PERNR LIKE P0002-PERNR.
          RP-READ-INFOTYPE PERNR 0002 P0002 .
          PROVIDE * FROM P0002
              if ... then ...endif.
          ENDPROVIDE.
Changing Infotypes - by using RMAC (macro) RP-READ-INFOTYPE.
· Three steps are involved in changing infotypes:
1. Select the infotype records to be changed;
2. Make the required changes and store the records in an alternative table;
3. Save this table to the database;
The RP-UPDATE macro updates the database. The parameters of this macro are the OLD internal table containing the unchanged records and the NEW internal table containing the changed records. You cannot create or delete data. Only modification is possible.
INFOTYPES: Pnnnn NAME OLD,
Pnnnn NAME NEW.
GET PERNR.
    PROVIDE * FROM OLD
           WHERE .... = ... "Change old record
           *Save old record in alternate table
           NEW = OLD.
    ENDPROVIDE.
    RP-UPDATE OLD NEW. "Update changed record
Infotype with repeat structures
· How to identify repeat structures.
a. On infotype entry screen, data is entered in table form.
    IT0005, IT0008, IT0041, etc.
b. In the infotype structure, fields are grouped by the same name followed by sequence number.
    P0005-UARnn P0005-UANnn P0005-UBEnn
    P0005-UENnn P0005-UABnn
Repeat Structures
· Data is entered on the infotype screen in table format but stored on the database in a linear
structure.
· Each row of the table is stored in the same record on the database.
· When evaluating a repeat structure, you must define the starting point, the increment and the
work area which contains the complete field group definition.
Repeat Structures Evaluation (I)
· To evaluate the repeat structures
   a. Define work area.
       The work area is a field string. Its structure is identical to that of the field group.
   b. Use a DO LOOP to divide the repeat structure into segments and make it available for
       processing in the work area, one field group (block) at a time.
Repeat Structures Evaluation(II)
Define work area
DATA: BEGIN OF VACATION,
              UAR LIKE P0005-UAR01, "Leave type
              UAN LIKE P0005-UAN01, "Leave entitlement
              UBE LIKE P0005-UBE01, "Start date
              UEN LIKE P0005-UEN01, "End date
              UAB LIKE P0005-UAB01, "Leave accounted
           END OF VACATION.
GET PERNR.
     RP-PROVIDE-FROM-LAST P0005 SPACE PN/BEGDA PN/ENDDA.
     DO 6 TIMES VARYING VACATION
             FROM P0005-UAR01 "Starting point
                 NEXT P0005-UAR02. "Increment
             If p0005-xyz then ... endif.
      ENDDO.
Processing 'Time Data'.
· Dependence of time data on validity period
· Importing time data
· Processing time data using internal tables
Time Data and Validity Period
· Time data always applies to a specific validity period.
· The validity periods of different types of time data are not always the same as the date selection period specified in the selection screen.
Date selection period |----
|
Leave |----
|
· PROVIDE in this case is therefore not used for time infotypes.
Importing Time Data
· GET PERNR reads all time infotypes from the lowest to highest system data, not only those within the date selection period.
· To prevent memory overload, add MODE N to the infotype declaration. This prevents the logical database from importing all data into infotype tables at GET PERNR.
· Use macro RP-READ-ALL-TIME-ITY to fill infotype table.
INFOTYPES: 2001 MODE N.
GET PERNR.
    RP-READ-ALL-TIME-ITY PN/BEGDA PN/ENDDA.
    LOOP AT P0021.
         If P0021-XYZ = ' '. A=B. Endif.
    ENDLOOP.
Processing Time Data
· Once data is imported into infotype tables, you can use an internal table to process the interested data.
DATA: BEGIN OF ITAB OCCURS 0,
              BUKRS LIKE P0001-BUKRS, "COMPANY
              WERKS LIKE P0001-WERKS, "PERSONNEL AREA
              AWART LIKE P2001-AWART, "ABS./ATTEND. TYPE
              ASWTG LIKE P2001-ASWTG, "ABS./ATTEND. DAYS
           END OF ITAB.
GET PERNR.
RP-PROVIDE-FROM-LAST P0001 SAPCE PN/BEGDA PN/ENDDA.
CLEAR ITAB.
ITAB-BUKRS = P0001-BURKS. ITAB-WERKS = P0001-WERKS.
RP-READ-ALL-TIME-ITY PN/BEGDA PN/ENDDA.
LOOP AT P2001.
      ITAB-AWART = P2001-AWART. ITAB-ASWTG = P2001-ASWTG.
      COLLECT ITAB. (OR: APPEND ITAB.)
ENDLOOP.
Database Tables in HR
· Personnel Administration (PA) - master and time data infotype tables (transparent tables).
   PAnnnn: e.g. PA0001 for infotype 0001
· Personnel Development (PD) - Org Unit, Job, Position, etc. (transparent tables).
   HRPnnnn: e.g. HRP1000 for infotype 1000
· Time/Travel expense/Payroll/Applicant Tracking data/HR work areas/Documents (cluster
   PCLn: e.g. PCL2 for time/payroll results.
Cluster Table
· Cluster tables combine the data from several tables with identical (or almost identical) keys
into one physical record on the database.
. Data is written to a database in compressed form.
· Retrieval of data is very fast if the primary key is known.
· Cluster tables are defined in the data dictionary as transparent tables.
· External programs can NOT interpret the data in a cluster table.
· Special language elements EXPORT TO DATABASE, IMPORT TO DATABASE and DELETE
FROM DATABASE are used to process data in the cluster tables.
PCL1 - Database for HR work area;
PCL2 - Accounting Results (time, travel expense and payroll);
PCL3 - Applicant tracking data;
PCL4 - Documents, Payroll year-end Tax data
Database Tables PCLn
· PCLn database tables are divided into subareas known as data clusters.
· Data Clusters are identified by a two-character code. e.g RU for US payroll result, B2 for
time evaluation result...
· Each HR subarea has its own cluster.
· Each subarea has its own key.
Database Table PCL1
· The database table PCL1 contains the following data areas:
B1 time events/PDC
G1 group incentive wages
L1 individual incentive wages
PC personal calendar
TE travel expenses/payroll results
TS travel expenses/master data
TX infotype texts
ZI PDC interface -> cost account
Database Table PCL2
· The database table PCL2 contains the following data areas:
B2 time accounting results
CD cluster directory of the CD manager
PS generated schemas
PT texts for generated schemas
RX payroll accounting results/international
Rn payroll accounting results/country-specific ( n = HR country indicator )
ZL personal work schedule
Database Table PCL3
· The database table PCL3 contains the following data areas:
AP action log / time schedule
TY texts for applicant data infotypes
Data Management of PCLn
· The ABAP commands IMPORT and EXPORT are used for management of read/write to
database tables PCLn.
· A unique key has to be used when reading data from or writing data to the PCLn.
Field Name KEY Length Text
MANDT X 3 Client
RELID X 2 Relation ID (RU,B2..)
SRTFD X 40 Work Area Key
SRTF2 X 4 Sort key for dup. key
Cluster Definition
· The data definition of a work area for PCLn is specified in separate programs which comply
   with fixed naming conventions.
· They are defined as INCLUDE programs (RPCnxxy0). The following naming convention applies:
   n = 1 or 2 (PCL1 or PCL2)
   xx = Relation ID (e.g. RX)
   y = 0 for international clusters or country indicator (T500L) for different country cluster
Exporting Data (I)
· The EXPORT command causes one or more 'xy' KEY data objects to be written to cluster xy.
· The cluster definition is integrated with the INCLUDE statement.
REPORT ZHREXPRT.
TABLES: PCLn.
INCLUDE: RPCnxxy0. "Cluster definition
Fill cluster KEY
xy-key-field = .
Fill data object
Export record
EXPORT TABLE1 TO DATABASE PCLn(xy) ID xy-KEY.
   IF SY-SUBRC EQ 0.
       WRITE: / 'Update successful'.
   ENDIF.
Exporting Data (II)
. Export data using macro RP-EXP-Cn-xy.
· When data records are exported using macro, they are not written to the database but to a
main memory buffer.
· To save data, use the PREPARE_UPDATE routine with the USING parameter 'V'.
REPORT ZHREXPRT.
*Buffer definition
INCLUDE RPPPXD00. INCLUDE RPPPXM00. "Buffer management
DATA: BEGIN OF COMMON PART 'BUFFER'.
INCLUDE RPPPXD10.
DATA: END OF COMMON PART 'BUFFER'.
RP-EXP-Cn-xy.
IF SY-SUBRC EQ 0.
    PERFORM PREPARE_UPDATE USING 'V'..
ENDIF.
Importing Data (I)
· The IMPORT command causes data objects with the specified key values to be read from
   PCLn.
· If the import is successful, SY-SUBRC is 0; if not, it is 4.
REPORT RPIMPORT.
TABLES: PCLn.
INCLUDE RPCnxxy0. "Cluster definition
Fill cluster Key
Import record
IMPORT TABLE1 FROM DATABASE PCLn(xy) ID xy-KEY.
   IF SY-SUBRC EQ 0.
Display data object
   ENDIF.
Importing data (II)
· Import data using macro RP-IMP-Cn-xy.
· Check return code SY-SUBRC. If 0, it is successful. If 4, error.
· Need include buffer management routines RPPPXM00
REPORT RPIMPORT.
*Buffer definition
INCLUDE RPPPXD00.
DATA: BEGIN OF COMMON PART 'BUFFER'.
INCLUDE RPPPXD10.
DATA: END OF COMMON PART 'BUFFER'.
*import data to buffer
RP-IMP-Cn-xy.
*Buffer management routines
INCLUDE RPPPXM00.
Cluster Authorization
· Simple EXPORT/IMPORT statement does not check for cluster authorization.
· Use EXPORT/IMPORT via buffer, the buffer management routines check for cluster
authorization.
Payroll Results (I)
· Payroll results are stored in cluster Rn of PCL2 as field string and internal tables.
n - country identifier.
· Standard reports read the results from cluster Rn. Report RPCLSTRn lists all payroll results;
report RPCEDTn0 lists the results on a payroll form.
Payroll Results (II)
· The cluster definition of payroll results is stored in two INLCUDE reports:
include: rpc2rx09. "Definition Cluster Ru (I)
include: rpc2ruu0. "Definition Cluster Ru (II)
The first INCLUDE defines the country-independent part; The second INCLUDE defines the country-specific part (US).
· The cluster key is stored in the field string RX-KEY.
Payroll Results (III)
· All the field string and internal tables stored in PCL2 are defined in the ABAP/4 dictionary. This
allows you to use the same structures in different definitions and nonetheless maintain data
consistency.
· The structures for cluster definition comply with the name convention PCnnn. Unfortunately,
   'nnn' can be any set of alphanumeric characters.
*Key definition
DATA: BEGIN OF RX-KEY.
     INCLUDE STRUCTURE PC200.
DATA: END OF RX-KEY.
*Payroll directory
DATA: BEGIN OF RGDIR OCCURS 100.
     INCLUDE STRUCTURE PC261.
DATA: END OF RGDIR.
Payroll Cluster Directory
· To read payroll results, you need two keys: pernr and seqno
. You can get SEQNO by importing the cluster directory (CD) first.
REPORT ZHRIMPRT.
TABLES: PERNR, PCL1, PCL2.
INLCUDE: rpc2cd09. "definition cluster CD
PARAMETERS: PERSON LIKE PERNR-PERNR.
RP-INIT-BUFFER.
*Import cluster Directory
   CD-KEY-PERNR = PERNR-PERNR.
RP-IMP-C2-CU.
   CHECK SY-SUBRC = 0.
LOOP AT RGDIR.
   RX-KEY-PERNR = PERSON.
   UNPACK RGDIR-SEQNR TO RX-KEY-SEQNO.
   *Import data from PCL2
   RP-IMP-C2-RU.
   INLCUDE: RPPPXM00. "PCL1/PCL2 BUFFER HANDLING
Function Module (I)
CD_EVALUATION_PERIODS
· After importing the payroll directory, which record to read is up to the programmer.
· Each payroll result has a status.
'P' - previous result
'A' - current (actual) result
'O' - old result
· Function module CD_EVALUATION_PERIODS will restore the payroll result status for a period
   when that payroll is initially run. It also will select all the relevant periods to be evaluated.
Function Module (II)
CD_EVALUATION_PERIODS
call function 'CD_EVALUATION_PERIODS'
     exporting
          bonus_date = ref_periods-bondt
          inper_modif = pn-permo
          inper = ref_periods-inper
          pay_type = ref_periods-payty
          pay_ident = ref_periods-payid
     tables
          rgdir = rgdir
          evpdir = evp
          iabkrs = pnpabkrs
     exceptions
          no_record_found = 1.
Authorization Check
   Authorization for Persons
· In the authorization check for persons, the system determines whether the user has the
   authorizations required for the organizational features of the employees selected with
   GET PERNR.
· Employees for which the user has no authorization are skipped and appear in a list at the end
   of the report.
· Authorization object: 'HR: Master data'
Authorization for Data
· In the authorization check for data, the system determines whether the user is authorized to
read the infotypes specified in the report.
· If the authorization for a particular infotype is missing, the evaluation is terminated and an error
message is displayed.
Deactivating the Authorization Check
· In certain reports, it may be useful to deactivate the authorization check in order to improve
performance. (e.g. when running payroll)
· You can store this information in the object 'HR: Reporting'.
these are the main areas they ask q?

Fico interview questions and Real time tickets with resoving details

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hi sap gurus
i have done sap-fico iam in job trails. can any body help me Fico interview questions and Real time tickets with resoving details
regards
prasad.v
Edited by: chinna prasad on Jun 5, 2008 4:10 PM

Hello Prasad,
Before attending interviews.....First you need to understand general things like CV writing, projects, sub modules etc., you should be gain knowledge on these concepts then you can move further.
1. CV 2.Projects 3.your strenths in sap (reading..reading...reading....practice...practice...practice)
2.you please interact with your friends who is on trails, then you can get more information like interview process, methodology, technical etc.,
I am sending some real time interview tech questions which will useful for you.
Questions:
1.When tickets are raised by end users who will give priority? After resolve the tickets who will close the status?
2.In real time at a time how many normal periods, special periods, MM periods we can open?
3.What is client dependant & Independent?
4.How to transport configuration settings from one client to another client or production client, which tools we can use for transport?
5.Why we donu2019t assign business area to company code?
6.What is the difference between General GL A/c, Control A/c, Reconciliation A/c & Offsetting A/c?
Answers:
1.The priority is generally decided by the Coordinator on the client side. After tickets are resolved, they will have to be closed by the coordinator on the customer site
2. In FI as many as you wants. In MM only 2 (current month + previous
3.Certain tables and customizations made in one client will affect the other clients also - then it is cross client i.e, client dependent. While if the changes made in one client has no impact on the other client - it is said to be client independent
4.Transports from one server to the other can be made with the help of transport requests. When a configuration is done the system generates a request number. First release the task and then release the request. Use TC-SE10 / SE09, SE09: workbench transport; SE10: customizing transport. But currently no such difference actually exists.
5.because in case of multiple company codes, same business area can be used across company codes. Business area is cross company code, means it is not confined to one company code thatu2019s why we don't assign BA to any of the company codes. It is client dependant, not company code dependant. We can pass values from one company code to any of the BA in that client.
6.General GL Account are those used for standard posting like for example Income and Expenses Accounts
- Control Account are basically used for reconciliation between modules like FI and CO, to ensure that both the modules are in sync.
- Reconciliation Account are those specific covering ADK (A-Assets, D-Customer, K-Vendor). For example a Customer Master would be mapped to a Bills Receivable Reconciliation Account and any transaction that needs to be posted are done against the customer code.
- Offsetting Account are used for variety of reasons and few examples are Intercompany Postings, at the time of Implementation when TB and Balance sheet are uploaded would be offsetted against a dummy account.
All the best.....dont forget and pl assign points if useful and if u have any querries pl revert back
thanks
Anil

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