Trying to understand text encodings between windows clients and oracle DB

I am focusing on a "maybe bad configured" oracle windows xp client connecting into a well configured oracle db server (10g for example). Instead of just keep the correct client settings to make it work I would prefer to understand what is really doing the oracle client with all the posible bad configurations regarding encodings.
When the client executes something like "SELECT 'Col1', N'Col2' from dual" before sending the sql sentence into the server the sentence itself should be encoded.
But the way the sentence is encoded or the fact that some magic encoding transform occurs depends on the technology used (Java Thin, OCI, Oledb, etc..) and sometimes it depends on the windows setting "Languages for Non-unicode programs" and sometimes it depends on the client NLS_LANG setting on the registry. Or maybe thigs are simpler and I simply got confused... Here we could add that maybe some third party tool could do some other "helpfull" hidden magic encoding transformation to make it work and things become interesting
A second time when all this encoding stuff should be considered is when the results of the sentences are retrieved on the client.
At this point the client receives an byte stream from the server (that could be a VARCHAR column or a NVARCHAR column). Again depending on the technology used the client could be specting a utext, text (OCI) or a CHAR, NCHAR (in JAVA) or a SQL_C_WCHAR, SQL_C_CHAR (in OleDb), etc...
Well, I'm not sure at all about the first point. Is all the sentence encoded in the same way before sending it to the server (ie is sended as plain text) or before the client parses the sentence and it understand that is sending a SELECT statement that returns two cols (one varchar and the other nvarchar)? For example the N, the ' and the Col2 are sent using the same encoding?

Todd:
Ref:
http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E35855_01/tuxedo/docs12c/ads/adecid.html#wp1075436
Section: Generating ECID by Native/WS/Jolt clients and Domain Gateway
We are using Jolt Clients, via JSL for executing Tuxedo Services. The problem, we always face while debugging is cross relation. It would be extremely useful for us if we could get the ECID printed in webserver and tuxedo server process. Can we get ECID using any programming API in jolt client and in Tuxedo server process ? It would help us to correlate web, Tux and server logs
Thanks,
Biju

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