Trying to understand the basics of iTunes

It may sound stupid, but after having read various manuals, guides, forum discussions, I still don't understand the basics of iTunes - is a 64 yo maybe too old for this?
Yes, I can fill my iPod with music and sync it with my laptop. But to manage everything well, I need answers on these questions:
- After I add my laptop folder MY MUSIC to the iTunes library, does iTunes make COPIES of all my files in that folder? Or just links? If copies, where are they stored?
- What does the term synchronisation include? Does it mean: the music in the iTunes library will be identical to the music in the iPod? Or:
- Will all changes in that folder automatically lead to updates of my iTunes library? Changes such as adding/removing files, changing filenames, modifying files with audio editors. If the contents are not automatically updated/synchronised, is there a manual way to do that?
- And vice versa: if I delete a song in iTunes, does that effect the source file in MY MUSIC? If not, is there an option to delete the song there as well?
- Could I theoretically delete the whole contents of MY MUSIC folder after all files have been added to iTunes? Is it recommended to do so? Or should I keep the 'originals'?
- The same goes for cd's: After I (automatically or manually) added the contents of a cd to iTunes, could I theoretically throw or give it away?
- There is the option to find doubles. If I want to delete one or more of them, how do I know which file I delete. I mean this: if song X is part of album A but also of a bunch of single files, then I would like to keep the album folder complete and just delete the 'single' occurrence. But how to determine that?
- Changing filenames in MY MUSIC often has no effect on the filename as displayed in iTunes. Why not?
- I think that is all for now. Maybe later I still come across more basic questions.
Could anyone give me the basic answers? And if possible in language for dummies, not in nerd slang, please
Thanks!
WimYogya
Dutchman in Indonesia

*After I add my laptop folder MY MUSIC to the iTunes library, does iTunes make COPIES of all my files in that folder? Or just links? If copies, where are they stored?*
That depends. Open iTunes and go to Edit>Preferences>Advanced. If "Copy files to iTunes Music Folder" is checked then iTunes is "copying" the files into the iTunes Music folder which is inside the iTunes folder. The library is then referenced to the location of the copy ( in this case you can if you wish delete the original). If it's unchecked it is adding the songs to to your iTunes library but referencing the location that the file is in without making a copy.
*Will all changes in that folder automatically lead to updates of my iTunes library? Changes such as adding/removing files, changing filenames, modifying files with audio editors.*
No, iTunes doesn't support folder watching so all changes have to be made within iTunes.
*If the contents are not automatically updated/synchronised, is there a manual way to do that?*
File>Add File to Library: Adding Content to iTunes
*if I delete a song in iTunes, does that effect the source file in MY MUSIC? If not, is there an option to delete the song there as well?*
iTunes will delete songs from the library and move them to Trash (Recycle Bin) only if they are in the iTunes Music folder. (iTunes will ask if you want to trash the file if this is the case, it doesn't trash it automatically). If your songs are kept outside of this folder then deleting only removes the reference to the song from the library and you have to go to the folder they are located in to trash the file itself.
*Could I theoretically delete the whole contents of MY MUSIC folder after all files have been added to iTunes? Is it recommended to do so? Or should I keep the 'originals'?*
You could only delete the songs from the original folder if you have set the preference above to copy the files to the iTunes Music folder, if not you have to keep them where they are. Regardless of where the files are stored you would be well advised to back them up in case you have problems with your computer. You might also find this article interesting/useful: iLounge - The Complete Guide to Backing Up your iTunes Library
*The same goes for cd's: After I (automatically or manually) added the contents of a cd to iTunes, could I theoretically throw or give it away?*
You don't own the copyright of the song, basically you own the license to play it. if you make a copy and then sell/give the CD away you are essentially sharing the files illegally.
*There is the option to find doubles. If I want to delete one or more of them, how do I know which file I delete. I mean this*
You would have to check the location of the file manually to be sure which one you wanted to keep.
*Changing filenames in MY MUSIC often has no effect on the filename as displayed in iTunes*
Because iTunes doesn't support folder watching, changes need to be made within iTunes. Changing the name of a file outside of iTunes can cause iTunes to lose the location of the file since it is referenced under the name it had when you added it.

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