Unchecked or unsafe error

code]     private static void constructCodeTable(BinaryTreeNode btn,Stack st,Hashtable codeTable)
          if(btn!=null)
               if(btn instanceof LeafNode)
                    codeTable.put(((InternalNode)btn).getKey(),st);
               else
                    st.push(new Integer(0));
                    constructCodeTable(((InternalNode)btn).getLeftChild(),st,codeTable);
                    st.pop();
                    st.push(new Integer(1));
                    constructCodeTable(((InternalNode)btn).getRightChild(),st,codeTable);
                    st.pop();
InternalNode.java and LeafNode.java extends BInaryNode.java
InternalNode has function getLeftChild() and getRightChild()
LeafNode.java has function getKey();
when compiled , getting error:
Note: uses unchecked or unsafe operations.
Note: Recompile with -Xlint:unchecked for details..
can anyone tell why?

RTFM, look through older posts, and think for yourself.
This has been asked (and answered) a thousand times before.
P.S. it's not an error, it's a warning.

Similar Messages

Error - Unchecked or unsafe operations

import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;
public class Dictionary
     // data members
      Hashtable Dictionary = new Hashtable();
      // constructor
      public Dictionary()
          for(int i=0; i<256; i++)
          Dictionary.put(new Integer(i), new Integer(i));
   Gets the following error
Note: Dictionary.java uses unchecked or unsafe operations.
Note: Recompile with -Xlint:unchecked for details.
Any ideas ?

Ah, I'm getting soft: do this:
import java.util.*;
public class Dictionary {
    Hashtable<Integer, Integer> Dictionary = new Hashtable<Integer, Integer>();
    public Dictionary() {
        for(int i=0; i < 256; i++)
          Dictionary.put(new Integer(i), new Integer(i));
}Tutorial: http://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/extra/generics/index.html

Warning "unchecked or unsafe operations" when use Vector

Can any one tell me why i get "unchecked or unsafe operations " warning.
What I want to do is return 2 vector from the first method but i figure out by making it as object array would make thing easier for me. Then i try to use it on the second method and it give me error. The program still run fine but I just want to know what happen and what the affect of keeping it?
   public static Object[] chessPosition()
        Vector <Component> blackLocation = new Vector <Component> ();
        Vector <Component> whiteLocation = new Vector <Component> ();
         for(int y = 0; y < 8; y++)
             for(int x = 0; x < 8; x++)
                 Component c = ChessBoard.board.findComponentAt(x*75, y*75);
                 if(c instanceof JLabel)
                     if(c.getName().startsWith("white"))
                         whiteLocation.add(c);
                     if(c.getName().startsWith("black"))
                         blackLocation.add(c);
        Object [] a = new Object[2];
        a[0] = blackLocation;
        a[1] = whiteLocation;
        return a;
    public static void blackPotential()
        Object[] a = chessPosition();
        Vector <Component> blacks = (Vector <Component>)a[0];
    }Thanks in advance

Lest I make a jackhole of myself:
        Object[] a = chessPosition();
        Vector<Component> blacks = (Vector<Component>) a[0]; You're casting objects to a vector of Components.
Try this on for size:
    public static Vector<Vector<Component>> chessPosition()
        Vector<Component> blackLocation = new Vector<Component>();
        Vector<Component> whiteLocation = new Vector<Component>();
        for (int y = 0; y < 8; y++)
            for (int x = 0; x < 8; x++)
                Component c = ChessBoard.board.findComponentAt(x * 75, y * 75);
                if (c instanceof JLabel)
                    if (c.getName().startsWith("white"))
                        whiteLocation.add(c);
                    if (c.getName().startsWith("black"))
                        blackLocation.add(c);
        Vector<Vector<Component>> v = new Vector<Vector<Component>>();
        v.add(blackLocation);
        v.add(whiteLocation);
        return v;
    public static void blackPotential()
        Vector<Vector<Component>> a = chessPosition();
        Vector<Component> blacks = (Vector<Component>) a.get(1);
    }Joe
XLint's still your friend
Message was edited by:
Joe_h

Use Unchecked or unsafe operations: recompile with -Xlint

hi all..
I'm trying to create a GUI to select the necessary port to open. I got this code from JAVA cookbook:
I'm using windows XP and JDK 1.6..
import java.io.*;
import javax.comm.*;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import java.util.*;
import javax.swing.*;
public class PortChooser extends JDialog implements ItemListener {
HashMap map = new HashMap();
String selectedPortName;
CommPortIdentifier selectedPortIdentifier;
JComboBox serialPortsChoice;
JComboBox parallelPortsChoice;
JComboBox other;
SerialPort ttya;
JLabel choice;
protected final int PAD = 5;
public void itemStateChanged(ItemEvent e) {
selectedPortName = (String)((JComboBox)e.getSource()).getSelectedItem();
selectedPortIdentifier = (CommPortIdentifier)map.get(selectedPortName);
choice.setText(selectedPortName);
public String getSelectedName() {
return selectedPortName;
public CommPortIdentifier getSelectedIdentifier() {
return selectedPortIdentifier;
public static void main(String[] ap) {
PortChooser c = new PortChooser(null);
c.setVisible(true);// blocking wait
System.out.println("You chose " + c.getSelectedName() +" (known by " + c.getSelectedIdentifier() + ").");
System.exit(0);
public PortChooser(JFrame parent) {
super(parent, "Port Chooser", true);
makeGUI();
populate();
finishGUI();
protected void makeGUI() {
Container cp = getContentPane();
JPanel centerPanel = new JPanel();
cp.add(BorderLayout.CENTER, centerPanel);
centerPanel.setLayout(new GridLayout(0,2, PAD, PAD));
centerPanel.add(new JLabel("Serial Ports", JLabel.RIGHT));
serialPortsChoice = new JComboBox();
centerPanel.add(serialPortsChoice);
serialPortsChoice.setEnabled(false);
centerPanel.add(new JLabel("Parallel Ports", JLabel.RIGHT));
parallelPortsChoice = new JComboBox();
centerPanel.add(parallelPortsChoice);
parallelPortsChoice.setEnabled(false);
centerPanel.add(new JLabel("Unknown Ports", JLabel.RIGHT));
other = new JComboBox();
centerPanel.add(other);
other.setEnabled(false);
centerPanel.add(new JLabel("Your choice:", JLabel.RIGHT));
centerPanel.add(choice = new JLabel());
JButton okButton;
cp.add(BorderLayout.SOUTH, okButton = new JButton("OK"));
okButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
PortChooser.this.dispose();
/** Populate the ComboBoxes by asking the Java Communications API
* what ports it has. Since the initial information comes from
* a Properties file, it may not exactly reflect your hardware.
protected void populate() {
Enumeration pList = CommPortIdentifier.getPortIdentifiers();
while (pList.hasMoreElements()) {
CommPortIdentifier cpi = (CommPortIdentifier)pList.nextElement();
// System.out.println("Port " + cpi.getName());
map.put(cpi.getName(), cpi);
if (cpi.getPortType() == CommPortIdentifier.PORT_SERIAL) {
serialPortsChoice.setEnabled(true);
serialPortsChoice.addItem(cpi.getName());
else if (cpi.getPortType() == CommPortIdentifier.PORT_PARALLEL) {
parallelPortsChoice.setEnabled(true);
parallelPortsChoice.addItem(cpi.getName());
else {
other.setEnabled(true);
other.addItem(cpi.getName());
serialPortsChoice.setSelectedIndex(-1);
parallelPortsChoice.setSelectedIndex(-1);
protected void finishGUI() {
serialPortsChoice.addItemListener(this);
parallelPortsChoice.addItemListener(this);
other.addItemListener(this);
pack();
//addWindowListener(new WindowCloser(this, true));
}}When i compile this it says PortChooser.java uses unchecked or unsafe operation
recompile with -Xlint(any one know what this is?)
Is it the JDK version i'm using ? First i thought it's a security issue.As in windows is not letting me access the serial ports.
I checked with device manager.My serial ports are open. Ichanged my BIOS settings as well..
(I read inputs from parallel port.But i dont use the comm api for that)
I have installed the rxtx gnu.io package as well..
Tried import gnu.io.* instead of javax.comm.*; still the same compilatiion error!!!
Thanks in advance
goodnews:-(

It is basically a warning (not an error) that the compiler gives you to let you know that you are using a raw type where Java now supports generic types.
For example, in the code you use:
HashMap where you can use HashMap<String,String> to let the compiler know that you intend inserting Strings for both the key and the value. The former is considered to be unsafe because the compiler cannot control what is inserted into the HashMap while in the latter case it can ensure that only Strings are used for both keys and values.
The compiler is also letting you know that if you want to see the details of these "unsafe" operations you can use the -Xlint:unchecked option when compiling and the compiler will show you exactly which lines contain the code that is generating the warning. So to compile with this option you would use javac -Xlint:unchecked ClassToCompile.

Unchecked or unsafe operations

I am trying to compile code and I am receiving the error message unchecked or unsafe operations. I tried compiling it with the -Xlint:unchecked and it pointed towards a portion on the code I placed below. The code is too long to put the whole thing in here.
private Vector getNextRow( ResultSet rs,
ResultSetMetaData rsmd ) throws SQLException
Vector currentRow = new Vector();
for ( int i = 1; i <= rsmd.getColumnCount(); ++i )
switch( rsmd.getColumnType( i ) ) {
case Types.VARCHAR:
case Types.LONGVARCHAR:
currentRow.addElement( rs.getString( i ) );
break;
case Types.INTEGER:
currentRow.addElement( new Long( rs.getLong( i ) ) );
break;
case Types.REAL:
currentRow.addElement( new Float( rs.getDouble( i ) ) );
break;
case Types.DATE:
currentRow.addElement( rs.getDate( i ) );
break;
default:
System.out.println( "Type was: " +
rsmd.getColumnTypeName( i ) );
return currentRow;

If Vector<String> currentRow = new Vector<String>(); isn't correct because there's different types you must find superclass of classes that you add, in this case, Object.
Vector<Object> currentRow = new Vector<Object>();

Unchecked or unsafe operations in db connection pooling

In db connection poolong ,
connections are kept in hash table.Iam getting error as unchecked or unsafe operations.
can you rectify this
regards
preethi

malcolmmc wrote:
You don't necessarilly have to install retro compilers - you can set the source and target levels on the compiler command line e.g.
javac -source 1.3 -target 1.3 ....That does not however prevent you from using methods (and I think classes) that don't exist in 1.3, only language features.
It's especially nasty when dealing with new overloaded methods, where it will allow you to use new overloaded versions that don't exist in the old language version when compiling, and will allow them to be used when running against a 1.5 JVM, but when run against a 1.3 JVM you get exceptions because the method doesn't exist there.
So be extremely careful using those flags, and test everything thoroughly against a 1.3 JVM (which kinda defeats the purpose of the flags, as it means you need one installed anyway so why not use that to compile in the first place?).

Jdeveloper warning uses unchecked or unsafe operations

Greetings:
I am getting warnings on my oc4j console that look like :
Note: C:\product\10.1.3\OracleAS_1\j2ee\home\application-deployments\pl\plBeans\generated\PlLoginPrefixesEJB_StatelessSessionBeanWrapper9.java uses unchecked or unsafe operations.
Note: Recompile with -Xlint:unchecked for details.
I get these when I use a JDeveloper created SessionEJB bean. Is there something i can do to "fix" this or should i just ignore it?
Thanks
troy

Hi,
I have the following code which I have got from a book but when I compile I get a warning .... uses unchecked or unsafe operations.
class CompTypeComparator implements Comparator
public int compare(Object o1, Object o2)
    int j1 = ((CompType)o1).j;
    int j2 = ((CompType)o2).j;
    return (j1 < j2 ? -1 : (j1 == j2 ? 0 : 1));
public class ComparatorTest
public static void main(String[] args)
    CompType[] a = new CompType[10];
    Arrays2.fill(a, CompType.generator());
    System.out.println("before sorting, a = " + Arrays.asList(a));
    Arrays.sort(a, new CompTypeComparator());
    System.out.println("after sorting, a = " + Arrays.asList(a));
}I have met this error before in other code from the book and have been able to sort it by myself. This one I could not solve since I do not fully understand the syntax of the Arrays.sort() method. IE
sort(T[] a, Comparator<? super T> c)Presumably this error is because the book used an older version of the compiler than the version I am using (V5.0 or is it V1.5).
Could anyone explain the error, how I can solve it and what the sort method means particularly "? super T"?
Regards FarmerJo

Owner.java uses unchecked or unsafe operations.

     * addVecOwners() Method
     * @param g the is the Owner object
     * The method is used to add the owner
public void addVecOwners(Owner ow)
    getVecOwners().add(ow);
or
     * addVecBoats() method
     * @param bt holds the Boat object
public boolean addVecBoats(Boat bt)
     boolean result = false;
     if( getVecOwnerBoats().contains(bt) == true )
          result = false;
     else
          getVecOwnerBoats().add(bt);
          result = true;
     return result;
}          Above are the two type of sample coding I typed. I get the following errors when I typed it.
Owner.java uses unchecked or unsafe operations.
Note: Recompile with -Xlint:unchecked for details.
Please help me to get ridof the warning messages.

If you decide to use generics, you'll have to modify your code
everywhere you use the collections.
Before:
private Vector vecOwners = new Vector();
private Vector vecOwnerBoats = new Vector();
public Vector getVecOwners()
    return vecOwners;
public Vector getVecOwnerBoats()
    return vecOwnerBoats;
public void addVecOwners(Owner ow)
    getVecOwners().add(ow);
public boolean addVecBoats(Boat bt)
    boolean result = false;
    if (!getVecOwnerBoats().contains(bt))
        getVecOwnerBoats().add(bt);
        result = true;
    return result;
}With generics:
private Vector<Owner> vecOwners = new Vector<Owner>();
private Vector<Boat> vecOwnerBoats = new Vector<Boat>();
public Vector<Owner> getVecOwners()
    return vecOwners;
public Vector<Boat> getVecOwnerBoats()
    return vecOwnerBoats;
public void addVecOwners(Owner ow)
    getVecOwners().add(ow);
public boolean addVecBoats(Boat bt)
    boolean result = false;
    if (!getVecOwnerBoats().contains(bt))
        getVecOwnerBoats().add(bt);
        result = true;
    return result;
}Regards

X.java uses unchecked or unsafe operations - Confused.

Coming back to java after a few years of strict C/C++ development, and wanted to start out with a few refresher apps - However, there's one issue that's been bothering me and it's the "uses unchecked or unsafe operations". Now, I'm aware that this is outputted when generics are used without fully qualifying the underlying types; However, like in the example below, I just cannot figure out where I need to include additional type definitions in order to rid myself of this error:
import java.util.HashMap;
public class Widget implements Cloneable {
    private HashMap<String, Object> myMap;
    public Widget( ) {
        myMap = new HashMap<String, Object>();
    protected Widget clone() {
        try {
            Widget cloneObj = (Widget) super.clone();
            cloneObj.myMap = (HashMap<String, Object>) myMap.clone();
            return cloneObj;
        } catch(CloneNotSupportedException ex) {
            //Should not occur since we implemented clone(...)
            return null;
}javac complains that the line of code which clones 'myMap' is unsafe, but how?
Any help?

} catch(CloneNotSupportedException ex) {
//Should not occur since we implemented clone(...)
return null;
}Just because you implement Cloneable doesn't necessarily make an object cloneable. In this case you're going to be ok, but try cloning a Thread or a Component and you will get the CloneNotSupportedException

... uses unchecked or unsafe operations?

Hi,
I have the following code which I have got from a book but when I compile I get a warning .... uses unchecked or unsafe operations.
class CompTypeComparator implements Comparator
public int compare(Object o1, Object o2)
int j1 = ((CompType)o1).j;
int j2 = ((CompType)o2).j;
return (j1 < j2 ? -1 : (j1 == j2 ? 0 : 1));
public class ComparatorTest
public static void main(String[] args)
CompType[] a = new CompType[10];
Arrays2.fill(a, CompType.generator());
System.out.println("before sorting, a = " + Arrays.asList(a));
Arrays.sort(a, new CompTypeComparator());
System.out.println("after sorting, a = " + Arrays.asList(a));
I have met this error before in other code from the book and have been able to sort it by myself. This one I could not solve since I do not fully understand the syntax of the Arrays.sort() method. IE
sort(T[] a, Comparator<? super T> c)
Presumably this error is because the book used an older version of the compiler than the version I am using (V5.0 or is it V1.5).
Could anyone explain the error, how I can solve it and what the sort method means particularly "? super T"?
Regards FarmerJo

Hi,
I have the following code which I have got from a book but when I compile I get a warning .... uses unchecked or unsafe operations.
class CompTypeComparator implements Comparator
public int compare(Object o1, Object o2)
    int j1 = ((CompType)o1).j;
    int j2 = ((CompType)o2).j;
    return (j1 < j2 ? -1 : (j1 == j2 ? 0 : 1));
public class ComparatorTest
public static void main(String[] args)
    CompType[] a = new CompType[10];
    Arrays2.fill(a, CompType.generator());
    System.out.println("before sorting, a = " + Arrays.asList(a));
    Arrays.sort(a, new CompTypeComparator());
    System.out.println("after sorting, a = " + Arrays.asList(a));
}I have met this error before in other code from the book and have been able to sort it by myself. This one I could not solve since I do not fully understand the syntax of the Arrays.sort() method. IE
sort(T[] a, Comparator<? super T> c)Presumably this error is because the book used an older version of the compiler than the version I am using (V5.0 or is it V1.5).
Could anyone explain the error, how I can solve it and what the sort method means particularly "? super T"?
Regards FarmerJo

Warning : PerformRecord.java use uncheck or unsafe operations

/*When compile (with version 1.5.0_05) have a warnning message
Note : PerformRecord.java use uncheck or unsafe operations
Note : Recompile wiht -XLint : uncheck for details
How can I solve this problem*/
this is my code :
import java.sql.*;
import java.util.*;
public class PerformRecord
     public static final String DEFAULT_DRIVER = "sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver";
public static final String DEFAULT_URL = "Jdbc:Odbc:PersonalODBC";
public static final String DEFAULT_USERNAME = "Personal";
public static final String DEFAULT_PASSWORD = "moshan74";
     public Connection conn = null;
     public String querySQL;
     /*==Constructor class== */
     public PerformRecord()
          /*load JDBC driver*/
          try{
               Class.forName(DEFAULT_DRIVER);
          }catch (ClassNotFoundException e){System.err.println(e.getMessage());}
     /*===Method class*/
     /*set value for connection var*/
     public void getConnection()
          this.conn = setConnect();
     /*get QuerySQL*/
     public void setQuery(String sql)
          this.querySQL = sql;
     /*open connection */
     public Connection setConnect()
          try{
          conn = DriverManager.getConnection(DEFAULT_URL,DEFAULT_USERNAME,DEFAULT_PASSWORD);
          }catch (SQLException e){System.err.print(e.getMessage());     }
          return conn;
     /*close connection*/
     public void closeConnect()
try{
conn.close();
}catch (Exception e){ }
     /*execute query statement */
     public Object executeQuery()
          Object returnValue = null;
          try{
               /*executing query and check result */
               Statement stmt          = conn.createStatement();
               boolean hasResultSet = stmt.execute(querySQL);
               if (hasResultSet)
                    /*get set of the record*/
                    ResultSet rs               = stmt.getResultSet();
                    /*get set of the column*/
                    ResultSetMetaData meta = rs.getMetaData();
                    /*amount column*/
                    int numColumns = meta.getColumnCount();
                    /*arrayLisst to add data*/
                    List rows          = new ArrayList();
while (rs.next())
Map thisRow = new LinkedHashMap();// 1 element(1 row,i column)
for (int i = 1; i <= numColumns; ++i)
String columnName = meta.getColumnName(i);
Object value = rs.getObject(columnName);
thisRow.put(columnName, value);
rows.add(thisRow);
rs.close();
stmt.close();
               this.closeConnect();
returnValue = rows;
else
int updateCount = stmt.getUpdateCount();
returnValue = new Integer(updateCount);
          }catch (SQLException e){System.err.print(e.getMessage());     }
return returnValue;
ps>> I want to to use Generics to help it but I don't know how to do it in the right way . Can you you help me?
Thanks
Arunya

regarding your Map/LinkedHashMap, since you keys are String and you values are Objects... you would define you Map using those two as you data type pair...
ap<String,Object>thisRow = new LinkedHashMap<String,Object>();and similar for you List/ArrayList where you putting Maps into...
List<Map<String,Object>> rows = new ArrayList<Map<String,Object>>();for more information on generics read...
[url http://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/java/javaOO/generics.html]Sun's The Java Tutorial : Generics
- MaxxDmg...
- ' He who never sleeps... '

How to get rid of "unchecked or unsafe operation" in J2SE 5.0?

There is always such inofmration after I compile the code. How can I check if the code contains unchecked or unsafe operation"?

There is always such inofmration after I compile the
code. How can I check if the code contains unchecked
or unsafe operation"?javac -source 1.4 xyz.java

Unchecked or Unsafe operation -- recompile

Hi,
How can I set compiler options in Jdeveloper?
I am getting a
Note: C:\JDeveloper10131\j2ee\home\application-deployments\AbcEJBTest\AbcEJB\ejb_webs
ervice1\runtime\ControllerResponseElement_LiteralSerializer.java uses unchecked or unsafe operations
Note: Recompile with -Xlint:unchecked for details.
I am looking to recompile with the "-Xlint:unchecked" option.
Thanks.

See Generics : compiler option : unchecked conversion warnings

Unchecked or unsafe warning message

Hi,
I am getting the following warning message:
Note: ........ uses unchecked or unsafe operations.
Note: Recompile with -Xlint:unchecked for details
The following is the part of the class thats creating it, the line in bold is the line causing the warning :
public class MyPanel extends JPanel
//player field
private Player player;
//game rooms field
private ArrayList<Room> rooms;
* Constructor for objects of class MyPanel
public MyPanel(Player player, ArrayList rooms)
super();
setBackground(Color.GRAY);
setPreferredSize(new Dimension(240, 320));
this.player = player;
this.rooms = new ArrayList<Room>(rooms);
* Paint the panel.
public void paintComponent(Graphics g)
//other code
Please can anyone help.
Thanks!

public MyPanel(Player player, List<? extends Room> rooms)
// etcThis code is less restrictive, increase the possibilities of the code. Using restricted wildcards you let pass as parameter a list of subclasses of a class, see how the JDK API use this, for example, look the addAll method of Collection:
http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/util/Collection.html#addAll(java.util.Collection)
This method guarantees that objects introduced are valids, but doesn't oblige to collection container be typed as Collection type. In addiction, constructors of ArrayList, LinkedList, etc, have a constructor of this form. You can use furthermore a declaration of Collection of Iterable, but it can be dangerous, because if in the future you want to share the reference passed as parameter and the property of the class, you can't do it. You must see what use will have the class more ahead

"unchecked or unsafe operation" Warnings

i downloaded some source example code to run on my machine , but the code is based on java 1.4, my machine is java 5.0, and when i compile the code, the Note on "unchecked or unsafe operation" Warnings comes out. i've try to add the type of arrayList and hashMaps(the main data structure the code used)as the author said in his book, but the notes warning still come out...help me please...

i downloaded some source example code to run on my
machine , but the code is based on java 1.4, my
machine is java 5.0, and when i compile the code, the
Note on "unchecked or unsafe operation" Warnings
comes out. i've try to add the type of arrayList and
hashMaps(the main data structure the code used)as the
author said in his book, but the notes warning still
come out...help me please...don't panic! they are exactly what they say they are, warnings. no harm will come to you!

Unchecked or unsafe error

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