When writing changes to XMP . . . ?

I'm using LR 3.2 -
When I select "automatically write changes into XMP" in the catalog settings my understanding is the LR either creates a XMP file for a modified image or if the image is a DNG then LR keeps the changes inside the DNG file.
My question is - are the changes also recorded in the LR catalog or are they only kept in the XMP or DNG file?
Thanks -
Adrian

Hi everyone;
Thank you for the multiple responses to my question.
My trail of events leading up to this was that one day LR crashed on me
and I lost my star ratings for 400 pictures.  This was the first time LR
had ever lost data in my experience and I wanted to make sure it was the
last.
Thus I started using the XMP as a file option hoping that would save me
if/when LR crashed and corrupted my catalogue.
Some specific responses:
Louie -
My library is almost entirely DNG.  Your points on that are well taken.
  So when I modify a DNG file the whole file has to be rewritten you are
saying?  The data is not somehow appended?
I can live with backups being slower.  Annoying sure, but not a deal
breaker for me.
DdeGannes -
You are correct about working within comfort zones.  If I lost a days
worth of edits I'd be highly irate.    I back up my catalogue
regularly as well, on multiple hard drives, especially after a big edit.
I don't - at least so far - have any use for the XMP data/files in any
other software either.  I'm looking at this only as a form of security
blanket.
Everyone -
Thanks again for all the information.  Much appreciated.
Adrian

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    @Eric: hitting cntrl+s works but can be tedeous on large galleries. I've been doing this but it can be a pain.
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