11gR2 - External redundany. RAID1 or 5

Leaving IOP's out of fray for now, is it frowned upon if I was to use external redundancy on 11gr2 ASM diskgroups with my disks backed by SAN and RAID5. In other words, is ASM striping combined with RAID5 striping deemed unnecessary particularly if RAID1(mirroring) is possible on the SAN?

People have seen the best performance with the way ASM spreads the blocks out.. no matter what kind of RAID at the storage..
if you have mirroring / RAID1 SAN, its not striped at the hardware.. just the redundancy.. ASM would do great job of striping.
It might seem two layers of striping with RAID5 with ASM, but ASM seems to be growing very strong these days..

Similar Messages

How to transfer system HD to a new HD?

I will change my current HD to a new SSD HD (the question is not about replacing physically the HD as it is not supported by Apple..).
This is the system disk that contains
- OS X Lion
- apps
- user work/personal data
There is a big external (SATA, RAID1) HD that receives the Time Machine backups... (and contains user files, pictures, ...).
Question:
- Is there a way (eg via Time Machine) to save the whole system HD on the external drive
- Then boot (from? Lion comes from Apple Store)
- And recover everything - apps and settings... - from the external drive?
Any (convenient) solution will be welcome, thanks.

If you plan to have everything that is on your current
internal drive transfered to the SSD, simply get one
of the many USB->SATA adapters.
Attach the SSD to the adapter and plug it into the Mini.
Then reboot into recovery mode and select the disk
utility. Then just do a Restore operation from the internal
drive to the external.
When the process is complete, reboot holding down the option
key and select the SSD drive and boot (will take a while since
it is USB). Then check and make sure everthing is working as
expected. Once satisfied, then do the swap.

Questions about migrating to a Mac Pro from an old MacBook Pro

My present setup is a 2006 MacBook Pro with 3 external drives. One external eSATA RAID1 for music, another eSATA RAID1 for photos and video/movies, and the 3rd (FireWire) is for Time Machine. The internal 320 GB boot drive has 2 Boot Camp partitions for Windows XP SP3 and Windows 7.
Here's the new setup (as purchased):
• Mid-2010 ( MacPro5,1 ) Mac Pro 6-core 3.33 GHz
• 8 GB RAM (4x2 GB)
• 8 TB HD (4x2 GB Seagates)
• Apple RAID card
Mulling this migration over, these are the things I'm wondering about:
• I'll probably keep the 4x2 GB internals as a group, either going with two 2x2TB RAID1 volumes or perhaps considering a single 4x2TB RAID10 arrangement. The latter makes me a little nervous‡.
(‡ +Why? Not a fan of striping in general - plus, with my present setup, a problem with one of my Venus eSATA RAID enclosures was easily testable by removing the disks from the other "good" enclosure and substituting the other "bad" enclosure's disks to test inside a "good" enclosure - i.e. it was nice to have redundancy+ ).
Q. *Any thoughts either way on going with 2xRAID1 vs. 1xRAID10?*
Q. *Any Apple RAID card horror stories?*
• Therefore, I'm thinking of adding a cradle and disk(s) to the ODD_SATA ports. Probably a 256 GB SSD at a minimum for the boot drive.
Q. *Any issues booting OS X from an ODD_SATA-connected SSD?*
Q. *I understand you can't use Boot Camp on Apple RAID card-connected drives. True?*
Q. *I also seem to be reading that you can't boot Windows in any guise from an ODD_SATA-connected drive (SSD or HDD). True as well?*
Am I screwed? Forced to keep the MacBook Pro around for Boot Camp, no way to run it on the Mac Pro with this configuration?
• Memory. I understand these boxes run their memory with Triple Channel.
Q. *It sounds like at the very least I should rip out the 4th 2 GB DIMM. Probably replace all 4 with 3x4 GB or 3x8 GB (ECC) DIMMs, right?*
Yikes. Long post. Sorry. That's enough for now, I think.

now-disconnected iPass port
I don't think the 2010 model you ordered HAS an iPass port. The new Apple RAID card does not use one.
Follow a complicated procedure for trying to get the Mac to run all the SATA ports as AHCI so that Windows would 'see' all 6 of the SATA ports instead of what I presumed to be the current situation,
I don't think that applies to 2009 and later models either. The six SATA port are all listed in my Mac PRO as AHCI and all should be equivalent:
Serial-ATA Device Tree
-Intel ICH10 AHCI
. HL-DT-ST DVD-RW GH41N
-Intel ICH10 AHCI
. HL-DT-ST DVD-RW GH41N
-Intel ICH10 AHCI
. WDC WD360GD-00FLA2
-Intel ICH10 AHCI
. Kinston SSDNOW 30GB
Intel ICH10 AHCI
Intel ICH10 AHCI
You sure are digging up some stale information in your research
... but you are rapidly becoming an expert on the way it USED to be.
Now take the essence of what you posted just above, start a new topic, give it a catchy title, and see what other Users have to say!
Message was edited by: Grant Bennet-Alder

Permissions repair takes hours, never finishes

I've been doing some looking around the forums but haven't found an answer to my question.
PROBLEM: Permissions repair takes FOREVER. I started a permissions repair task on the startup drive yesterday afternoon and it hadn't finished by this morning. In fact it said it had 12 more hours to go. Right from the start there are hundreds of entries about ACLs found but not expected. After awhile the list stops populating. And just when you think the thing has locked up, you hear disk activity and see the list change.
WHY DID I RUN PR?: We'd recently created a new user account on that machine and Final Cut Pro was crashing a lot on the new account.
OTHER TIDBITS:
- The account I ran PR from is an administrator account
- There are multiple administrator accounts on this machine
- This machine has a lot of disk: startup drive, project drive, scratch drive (2 disc RAID0) and an external FW800 RAID1 drive. (I ran permissions repair on the startup drive only.)
QUESTION: It seems like we have serious ACL pollution on this machine. Is there a way to clear them out and "start over"? I can reinstall if necessary, but would prefer not to.

Hi,
Since Permissions Repair is checking permissions on (I believe) most every file in your system, it's not unreasonable to expect that the more files on your system, the longer the repair process will take. Twelve hours does seem a bit long, but as long as PR seems to be working and not hanging, if I were you, I'd pick a time when the computer won't be needed for anything else and let PR run to completion. Also, it seems that the remaining time calculation is an extrapolation based on the time already spent to do the completed work, and if some of that work took a proportionately long time, the 12-hour estimate could be a significant overestimation. Since you aren't eager to do a reinstall, letting PR run to completion seems to be the most prudent thing to do.
Hope this helps,
Ken

Using an external drive with shared files (iPhoto, iTunes), attached to a Time Capsule, can the contents of the external drive be backed-up to the internal Time Capsule drive? Perhaps a RAID1 mirror to a partition?

Using an external drive with shared files (iPhoto, iTunes), attached to a Time Capsule, can the contents of the external drive be backed-up to the internal Time Capsule drive? Perhaps a RAID1 mirror to a partitioned Time Capsule? I understand that the Time Machine (software) cannot backup a networked drive (the external) and that Time Capsule (the router/wireless hard drive) does not have its own backup software... so it won't backup the connected drive. What I would like is an alternate solution for having an automated backup of a networked drive. A 2TB Time Capsule has more than enough space for Time Machine backups of my family of Macbooks, so I had hoped to mirror a 500GB external drive (with shared media files) to a portion of the Time Capsule internal hard drive. I assume this would require a partition of the Time Capsule drive. If not, would the sparse file from the various computers being backed up need to be copied to the external drive as part of the RAID1 setup? This seems like overkill for the Time Machine backup, but it would cover the media files.

The complexity with this idea is the software has to run from a Mac computer on your network.. so you need a Mac turned on, probably most of the day.
It isn't possible to partition the TC although you can create a image area.
The software would have to copy the material, that means all files to be copied, go from USB drive, back to the Mac, then back to the TC, and written to the drive. In other words you have just added Network congestion, although a proper incremental backup type software will not actually use a lot of capacity.
Finally it will be slow.. network drives are slower than internal drives. Well USB connected drive is much slower than the same drive connected directly to the computer.. and if the drive is connected directly to a computer it can be shared with the network.
http://www.anandtech.com/show/4577/airport-extreme-5th-gen-and-time-capsule-4th- gen-review-faster-wifi-/4
Read carefully the speed of the USB drive plugged into the TC.

RAID1 Partitions disappeared when one of the mirrored HDD is used as an external drive for data rescue.

Hi, I have mirrored build of two identical 1TB HDD in my Xserve Late 2006 (RAID 1) in Bay 2 and Bay3. When I took one HDD out and connected it as an external drive to my MacBook Pro, only the first partition appeared. That is, for instance, I have RAID partition A1, A2, A3 in Xserve but only A1 appears when the drive is connected to MacBook Pro as an external drive. Is there any way to let partition A2, A3 appear too? Thanks.

Oh, I didn't realise you were using the hardware RAID card for this. In that case, yes, that makes sense, you won't see the other partitions because they're handled by the RAID card. I admit I'd never tried it with a RAID 1 mirror where you might expect to - I've only used RAID 5 on the hardware cards where there's no expectation, of course, to pull a drive to relocate the data.
So you may ask why not just use a single partition for my RAID1 design. The reason is that I prefer to partition HDD because it is good for HDD lifespan. I don't like to design my parition schema to be just a single big parition with 1T Hard Drive since all data are going to be stored scattered and hence, taking longer for spindle reading.
I don't agree with most of this statement. I've not seen anything that indicates partitioning improves lifespan - for any given data, the disk spins the exact same number of times, and the heads move the same number of times, regardless of the partitioning - partitioning is only a logical, not a physical, construct.
As for the data being scattered and spindle latency, that's nowhere near the problem it used to be in the past thanks to faster spindles and larger caches. In addition, Mac OS X uses a dynamic reallocation/fragmentation system that automatically (re)allocates files as they're used, meaning you don't have the level of fragmentation that you used to have.
The primary benefit of partitioning is to restrict file system sizes so that you don't get a runaway proceess filling up the entire disk. Even that is less of a problem - when an 8GB drive was large it didn't take much to fill it, but you'd have to have a pretty rampant process to fill up a 1TB drive before alarms started ringing.

IMac internal HD vs Firewire 800 RAID1 external HD

Please excuse if this has been discussed before.
My setup is a 2.8 GHz Core 2 Duo iMac with 4 GB RAM, 320GB internal and1.5TB external firewire 800 RAID1.
Since the internal drive has faster data transfer speed but the external has faster seek/read/write speed, what should go where?
I use mostly Aperture, Photoshop, browser. System files on the internal with apps on the external?
What's optimal?

Your system is very similar to mine. I have the same size internal HD and use FW 800 drives for storage and backup. I keep my Aperture and iTunes libraries on one of the EHD's. Performance seems great, I also recently upgraded the RAM to 6GB, if your machine will accept 6GB that would help performance too. On my machine (late 2007 24 iMac) Apple doesn't officially support 6GB however it has been known for about 2 years it works fine.

Can I repair permissions on an external RAID1

I have an external RAID1 set that has permissions set to Read & Write, all categories, Ignore ownership is turned on. Intended for data storage only. When I copy a folder of files to this RAID, the files in the folder wind up with "No Access" permissions under the Group and Others categories. I am trying to get these files to take on the permissions of the drive itself, which is R&W but can't find out how. The Ignore ownership is supposed to correct this but doesn't. I started Disk Utility on the Boot Drive and tried to repair permissions on the RAID set but no luck, repair permissions does not highlight. Does repair permissions work on a RAID1 drive? Any other thoughts on why the individual files in the folders do not take on the R&W attributes of the drive?

You could use folder actions to change the permissions on a file that you dropped on your external hard drive. I believe you will it need to place an action on each folder that you drop a file on.
first, you need to have the AppleScript program in the correct folder.
"/Library/Scripts/Folder Action Scripts/"
Also, shown in the pull-down below.
second, you need to enable folder actions by clicking on the box.
third third, you need to pick a folder and assign the AppleScript.
!http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3574/3358154729_ab483596a9.jpg?v=0!
Here is an example, dropLog, folder actions Applescript.
on adding folder items to this_folder after receiving dropped_items
repeat with dropped_item_ref in dropped_items
display dialog "dropped files is " & dropped_item_ref
set posix_path to POSIX path of dropped_item_ref
(* Check out "'" how valid this is with Unix!!! *)
set the_query to "ls -lF " & "'" & posix_path & "'"
display dialog the_query
set ls_result to do shell script the_query
display dialog "ls result = " & ls_result
end repeat
end adding folder items to
How to use chmod
mac $ pwd
/Users/mac
mac $ touch testseeit
mac $ ls -l testseeit
-rw-r--r-- 1 mac staff 0 Nov 11 23:33 testseeit
mac $ chmod 660 testseeit
mac $ ls -l testseeit
-rw-rw---- 1 mac staff 0 Nov 11 23:33 testseeit
mac $
of course for cryptic info...
man chmod
There is the chown command for changing the owner and group.

Help Needed: How to setup external procedure in listener on 11gR2

I have successfully installed 11gR2 RAC on two nodes RHEL5.3, I noticed that the default configuration has something different from previous versions (such as 10gR2 or 11gR1):
(1) listener.ora is under $GRID_HOME/network/admin (a.k.a under Grid tree) not under $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin, and have a new file called "endpoints_listener.ora"
listener.ora under $GRID_HOME/network/admin:
LISTENER=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=LISTENER)))) # line added by Agent
LISTENER_SCAN1=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=LISTENER_SCAN1)))) # line added by Agent
ENABLE_GLOBAL_DYNAMIC_ENDPOINT_LISTENER_SCAN1=ON # line added by Agent
ENABLE_GLOBAL_DYNAMIC_ENDPOINT_LISTENER=ON # line added by Agent
endpoints_listener.ora under $GRID_HOME/network/admin:
LISTENER_NODE41=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=node41-vip)(PORT=1521))(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.10.41)(PORT=1521)(IP=FIRST)))) # line added by Agent
(2) If I put listener.ora under $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin like 10gR2 including EXTPROC, then restart RHEL servers, the listener.ora under $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin doesn't take effect rather the listener.ora under $GRID_HOME does; however if I run "lsnrctl stop" and "lsnrctl start" the listener.ora under $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin will take effect.
listener.ora I added later under $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin:
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = node41-vip)(PORT = 1521)
(IP = FIRST))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.10.41)(PORT = 1521)(IP = FIRST)
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)
(ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1)
(PROGRAM = extproc)
Questions:
<1> How to correctly setup extproc correctly under 11gR2?
<2> Will my way in (2) will affect the SCAN single IP access functionality? (I assume SCAN is enabled at least partially by listener.ora under $GRID_HOME such that client can use simpler connection string)
Thanks in advance.
Edited by: user5852271 on Nov 18, 2009 9:04 PM

user5852271 wrote:
I think the document you mentioned is for 11gR1 not for 11gR2. If that is the case, you could go to the 11gR2 library and check the Networking docs yourself at http://www.oracle.com/pls/db112/portal.portal_db?selected=4&frame=#network_management
>
I felt that the 11gR1 should be named 10gR3, and 11gR2 should be 11gR1 because 11gR2 introduced a lot more new features.Good one. You should join Oracle Marketing.

Search for perfect external hard disk enclosure / RAID1

Today, am using stand-alone enclosures connected to a Mac Mini (running SL) via FW400 and USB.
Am storing my media on a 2 TB WD Green HD and am looking for redundancy (RAID1) while keeping the form factor down (wife approval factor).
Plan to add a second 2 TB drive, but need to find the ideal RAID enclosure. Have been looking into this for some time, but when I find what I think will work, the reviews aren't very favorable.
Here are the requirements:
- Supports SATA drives (minimum 2)
- Hardware RAID1 support
- Firewire 400 (800 preferred)
- Low noise/low heat (passive cooling preferred)
- Power Management (turns off when HTPC is off)
- Small(ish) form factor (e.g. under 8" x 8" x 15" (H x W x D)
I'd consider using Mac OS X Software to create the RAID but have read too many reports that indicate it is problematic. Also considered NAS (vs DAS) but want to use the array as a time machine disk also so it would need to be mac friendly.
Can any one chime in with some hands-on recommendations for an enclosure/RAID1 that meets my requirements, or experiences when using software RAID1 on the Mac?

Langley James Rock wrote:
Can any one chime in with some hands-on recommendations for an enclosure/RAID1 that meets my requirements, or experiences when using software RAID1 on the Mac?
Take a look here:
http://www.g-technology.com/products/g-safe.cfm
I have just ordered one. I have two G Safe drives, they work well with the Mac. They go to sleep (or not) according to the Mac settings.
I have ordered a third module so I can always keep a copy off site.
They are available 500 Gig to 2 Tb. Interfaces eSATA, USB, FW 800.
From personal experience I would not recommend software Raid for safety. My two excursions into software raid resulted in tears.

Oracle 11gR2 Express Edition on Linux Ubuntu 11.10 howto

h1. Oracle 11gR2 Express Edition on Linux Ubuntu 11.10 howto
Author: Dude
Version: D
Last modified: 14-Jan-2012
You are welcome to add comments, but please do not discuss your installation issues in this thread. If you have a question about the instructions, please add a simple note to the link of your own thread. The instructions are the result of my own research and development. If you would like to use any of the information for your own blog or website, please include a link to this reference to include future changes.
Oracle 11gR2 Express Edition on Linux Ubuntu 11.10 howto
h2. Purpose
This document outlines instructions how to install Oracle XE under Ubuntu 11.10.
Ubuntu or Debian based Linux is not on the list of supported operation systems according to the Oracle documentation at http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/E17781_01/install.112/e18802/toc.htm. You may want to consider virtualization software like Oracle Virtualbox and install Oracle Enterprise Linux as a free and professional alternative to installing XE under Ubuntu. You can also download pre-build virtual machines that include Oracle XE. You can browse http://otn.oracle.com/community/developer-vm for more information.
h2. Topics
h4. 1) Install Linux Ubuntu
h4. 2) Remote Terminal
h4. 3) Install Additional Software
h4. 4) Managing Swap Space
h4. 5) Modify Kernel Parameters
h4. 6) Oracle Home Directory
...a) Resize the Root Partition
...b) Setup External Storage
h4. 7) ORA-00845: MEMORY_TARGET
h4. 8) Installing Oracle 11gR2 Express Edition
h4. 9) Post-Installation
h4. 10) Tips and Troubleshooting
...a) Port 1521 appears to be in use by another application
...b) cannot touch `/var/lock/subsys/listener': No such file or directory
...c) ORA-00845: MEMORY_TARGET
...d) Apex ADMIN password
...e) SYS and SYSTEM password
...f) Uninstall Oracle 11g XE
...g) Reconfigure Oracle 11g XE
...h) Gnome Classic desktop
...i) Unix vi cursor keys
...j) Backup Database
h4. 11) History
h4. 12) References
h2. 1) Install Linux Ubuntu
The following assumes you have installed Ubuntu 11.10 Desktop Edition for AMD 64-bit, or upgraded from a previous version. Keep in mind that Oracle 11gR2 Express Edition is only available for 64-bit architecture. It is not necessarily a requirement, but I would not bother to install Oracle 11gR2 XE on a system with less than 2 GB of RAM installed. You can download Ubuntu for free at: http://www.ubuntu.com/download/ubuntu and install it using the default settings provided.
You can apply the latest OS patch-sets by clicking the power button icon in the upper right hand corner of the screen and selecting "Updates available..."
h2. 2) Remote Terminal
You will need command line access to perform the installation tasks. Select the top "Dash Home" button of the Unity toolbar and enter the word "terminal", or use CTRL-ALT-t. If you prefer to open a remote terminal session use SSH. Ubuntu does not come with a secure shell login by default. To install it, use the following command:
sudo apt-get install openssh-serverYou cannot login as root unless you set a root password using the "sudo passwd root" command. However, you can get root user access using the "sudo" command, which requires only to re-enter the password of your personal account. Access to "sudo" is controlled by the /etc/sudoers file.
The best way to establish a remote command line session as root is to login with your personal account, e.g.: ssh [email protected], and then type "sudo su -" to become root, or use "sudo <command>" to execute individual commands. If your account does not have "sudo" access you can login as root using "su - root", but will need to know the root password.
h2. 3) Install Additional Software
Oracle 11g Express Edition requires additional software that is not installed by default:
sudo apt-get install alien libaio1 unixodbch2. 4) Managing Swap Space
Oracle demands that the minimum swap space for Oracle Database XE is 2 GB (2095100 KB) or twice the size of RAM, whichever is lesser. Enter the following shell command to verify your swap space:
cat /proc/meminfo | grep -i swap
SwapCached:            0 kB
SwapTotal:       2095100 kB
SwapFree:        2095100 kBYou can increase available swap space by using a swap file as long as disk space permits. The advantage of a swap file versus a swap partition is flexible space management because you can add or delete swap space on demand as necessary. The following will create and enable an additional 1 GB swap file at system startup, located in the /home directory:
Login as root:
sudo su -Enter the following commands:
dd if=/dev/zero of=/home/swapfile bs=1024 count=1048576
mkswap /home/swapfile
swapon /home/swapfile
swapon -aCreate a backup of the original "fstab" file and add the new swap file:
cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.backup_`date +%N`
echo '/home/swapfile swap swap defaults 0 0' >> /etc/fstabExit from root and verify the new swap space:
exit
swapon -s
Filename                    Type          Size     Used     Priority
/dev/sda5                               partition     2095100     0     -1
/home/swapfile                          file          1048572     0     -2Swap space is not a substitute for installed RAM. Swap space is a safeguard that allows the system to move idle processes to disk before the OOM killer will begin to terminate processes in order to free up enough real memory to keep the system operational. The general rule for sizing the swap space depends on the size of installed RAM. If your system has less then 4 GB of RAM the swap space should usually be at least twice this size. If you have more than 8 GB of RAM installed you may consider to use an equal size as swap space. The more RAM you have installed, the less likely you are going to run into memory starvation, and the less likely you are going to need swap space, unless you have a bad process.
h2. 5) Modify Kernel Parameters
Oracle 11gR2 Express Edition requires the following Kernel parameters. Enter the commands exactly as shown:
Login as root:
sudo su -Cut & paste the following directly into a command shell (not a text editor):
cat > /etc/sysctl.d/60-oracle.conf <<-EOF
# Oracle 11g XE kernel parameters
fs.file-max=6815744
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range=9000 65500
kernel.sem=250 32000 100 128
# kernel.shmmax=429496729
kernel.shmmax=107374183
EOFLoad and verify the new kernel parameters:
service procps start
sudo sysctl -q fs.file-max
sudo sysctl -q kernel.shmmax
sudo sysctl -q net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range
sudo sysctl -q kernel.sem The SHMMAX kernel parameter defines the upper memory limit of a process. It is a safeguard to stop a bad process from using all memory and causing RAM starvation. The Linux default is 32 MB. The official Oracle XE installation documentation suggests a value of 4 GB -1 bytes (429496729). Since Oracle 11g XE has a 1 GB memory limit, a smaller footprint will be a better safeguard for the complete system. Setting the SHMMAX parameter to 107374183 will be sufficient.
h2. 6) Oracle Home Directory
At the time of this writing, Enterprise Linux 6 is not supported for Oracle database yet. It is therefore not possible to confirm Oracle ext4 filesystem compatibility, which is default in Ubuntu 11. According to various information, ext4 may cause a performance problem for Oracle 11g database. The following will show you how to add a ext3 partition to your existing setup.
h3. 6.a) Resize the Root Partition
Provided you have sufficient free disk space, you should be able to resize the root partition to create an extra ext3 filesystem. Considering the 11 GB user datafile limit of the Express Edition, 18 GB should be more than enough.
You can use the free Gparted Live CD to shrink your startup volume. Gparted downloads are available at http://sourceforge.net/projects/gparted/files/gparted-live-stable. When burning the CD, pay attention to burn the raw .iso image and not the possibly "mounted" image. If you are using a virtual machine like Oracle Virtualbox, you can mount the .iso image directly. There are going to be a few prompts when the system starts from the CD, but you can press Return to accept the defaults.
When the Gparted window appears:
- Select your ext4 root partition, usually /dev/sda1
- Select the "Resize/Move" button from the toolbar.
- Enter 18000 into the "Free space following" field and press the Return key.
Be careful not not change the start of the partition!
- Click the "Resize/Move" of the dialog and then then the "Apply" toolbar button.
The process may take several minutes - do not abandon it!
- Select the new unallocated free space of ~ 18 GB and push the "New" button.
- Set the file system to "ext3" and label it "oraclexe" and click the "Add" button.
Be sure to label it oraclexe, otherwise the follow-up instructions will fail.
- Finally select "Apply from the toolbar to apply the changes.
- Quit "Gparted", select "Exit" from the desktop and choose "Reboot" to restart the system.
{code}
After the system has restarted, open a terminal command shell.
Login as root:
{code}
sudo su -
{code}
Backup "fstab" and add the UUID of the partition. The "tr" command remove the quotes:
{code}
cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab_`date +%N`
uuid=`blkid | grep oraclexe | awk '{print $3}'`
uuid=`echo $uuid | tr -d '\042'`
echo $uuid
echo "$uuid /u01 ext3 errors=remount-ro 0 1" >> /etc/fstab
{code}
The UUID is a unique number and should look similar to:
{code}
UUID=d1db753e-b5dd-4a4c-a61e-259c69867b58
{code}
Restart the system:
{code}
reboot
{code}
Verify the success:
{code}
df -h /u01
{code}
h3. 6.b) Setup External Storage
If you prefer to setup an external drive to install Oracle XE, beware that it can be a fatal mistake to make an entry in /etc/fstab to automount your external storage device. An unavailable device in /etc/fstab will prevent a system startup and prompt for appropriate actions at the console.
The following is an example of how to prepare an external storage device to be used for Oracle 11g, including a script to automatically mount an external drive at system startup without the disadvantages of /etc/fstab. The script will also take into consideration that a device name might shift if you attach additional devices.
To find out which USB devices are connected:
{code}
sudo parted -l
{code}
Look for the device that matches your USB storage. For example: /dev/sdb1
{code}
Model: USB 2.0 Flash Disk (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 2064MB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: gpt
Number Start   End     Size    File system Name     Flags
1      20.5kB 1929MB 1929MB hfs+         mystick
{code}
Initialize the device using ext3 filesystem - this will erase all data. The "-c" option will check for bad blocks (read-only), "-L" is the volume label:
{code}
sudo umount /dev/sdb1
sudo mkfs.ext3 -c -L oraclexe /dev/sdb1
{code}
Install the pmount distribution package:
{code}
sudo apt-get install pmount
{code}
Login as root:
{code}
sudo su -
{code}
Cut & paste the following into the command prompt (not a text editor):
{code}
cat > /etc/init.d/oracle-mount <<-EOF
#! /bin/sh
# /etc/init.d/oracle-mount
VOL_UUID=alphanumeric
VOL_LABEL=oraclexe
VOL_SYMLINK=/u01
mount=/usr/bin/pmount
uuid2dev() {
   VOL_DEVICE="\`blkid | grep \$VOL_UUID | awk '{print \$1}'\`"
   VOL_DEVICE="\`echo \$VOL_DEVICE | tr -d ':'\`"
   echo \$VOL_DEVICE
case "\$1" in
start)
    echo "Starting script /etc/init.d/oracle-mount"
    uuid2dev
    \$mount \$VOL_DEVICE \$VOL_LABEL
    if [ -d /media/\$VOL_LABEL ]; then
       echo "Mount \$VOL_DEVICE success"
       ln -sf /media/\$VOL_LABEL \$VOL_SYMLINK
    else
       echo "Error mouting \$VOL_DEVICE"
    fi
stop)
    echo "Stopping script /etc/init.d/oracle-mount"
    uuid2dev
    /bin/umount \$VOL_DEVICE 2>/dev/null
    if [ "\`/usr/bin/pmount | /bin/grep \$VOL_DEVICE\`" ]; then
       echo "Error unmounting \$VOL_DEVICE"
    else
       rm -f \$VOL_SYMLINK
    fi
    echo "Usage: /etc/init.d/oracle-u01 {start|stop}"
    exit 1
esac
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides:          oracle-mount
# Required-Start:    \$remote_fs \$syslog
# Required-Stop:     \$remote_fs \$syslog
# Default-Start:     2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop:      0 1 6
# Short-Description: Start daemon at boot time
# Description:       Mount hotplug-usb drive and create symlink
### END INIT INFO
EOF
{code}
Install the oracle-mount init script:
{code}
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/oracle-mount
update-rc.d oracle-mount defaults 01 99
{code}
Get the UUID of the volume "oraclexe" and update the VOL_UUID in the init script accordingly:
{code}
uuid=`blkid | grep oraclexe | awk '{print $3}'`
echo $uuid
sed -i "s/^VOL_UUID=.*/VOL_$uuid/g" /etc/init.d/oracle-mount
{code}
The UUID of your device will be a unique number, but should be similar to:
{code}
UUID="3f5e9963-b328-49f3-b3e8-a3561ae34106"
{code}
Logout of root and test the init script:
{code}
exit
sudo /etc/init.d/oracle-mount stop
ls /u01
sudo /etc/init.d/oracle-mount start
ls /u01
{code}
Your output should look like:
{code}
Stopping script /etc/init.d/oracle-mount
/dev/sdb1
ls: cannot access /u01: No such file or directory
Starting script /etc/init.d/oracle-mount
/dev/sdb1
Mount /dev/sdb1 success
lost+found
{code}
h2. 7) ORA-00845: MEMORY_TARGET
Oracle 11gR2 XE under Ubuntu 11.10 will result in "ORA-00845: MEMORY_TARGET not support on this system" either at Oracle database startup or during the initial installation. Ubuntu 11.10 uses a new version of the "systemd" system and session manager and has migrated away from /dev/shm and other common directories in favor of /run.
There are several ways how to address the problem. You can either enable /dev/shm shared memory, or change the default memory management of Oracle 11g from AMM (Automatic Memory Management) to ASMM (Automatic Shared Memory Management) as it was in used the previous 10g version. Since AMM is one of the new features of 11g, the following will show you how to make to make AMM work.
Login as root:
{code}
sudo su -
{code}
Cut & paste the following into the command prompt (not a text editor):
{code}
cat > /etc/init.d/oracle-shm <<-EOF
#! /bin/sh
# /etc/init.d/oracle-shm
case "\$1" in
start)
    echo "Starting script /etc/init.d/oracle-shm"
    # Run only once at system startup
    if [ -e /dev/shm/.oracle-shm ]; then
      echo "/dev/shm is already mounted, nothing to do"
    else
      rm -f /dev/shm
      mkdir /dev/shm
      mount -B /run/shm /dev/shm
      touch /dev/shm/.oracle-shm
    fi
stop)
    echo "Stopping script /etc/init.d/oracle-shm"
    echo "Nothing to do"
    echo "Usage: /etc/init.d/oracle-shm {start|stop}"
    exit 1
esac
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides:          oracle-shm
# Required-Start:    $remote_fs $syslog
# Required-Stop:     $remote_fs $syslog
# Default-Start:     2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop:      0 1 6
# Short-Description: Bind /run/shm to /dev/shm at system startup.
# Description:       Fix to allow Oracle 11g use AMM.
### END INIT INFO
EOF
{code}
Install the oracle-shm init script:
{code}
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/oracle-shm
update-rc.d oracle-shm defaults 01 99
{code}
Restart the system:
{code}
reboot
{code}
Verify the success:
{code}
sudo cat /etc/mtab | grep shm
{code}
{code}
none /run/shm tmpfs rw,nosuid,nodev 0 0
/run/shm /dev/shm none rw,bind 0 0
{code}
The upper limit of shared memory under Linux is set to 50 % of the installed RAM by default. If your system has less than 2 GB of RAM installed, there is still a chance to run into ORA-00845 error if your shared memory is used by other software.
The verify available shared memory, type the following commands:
{code}
sudo df -h /run/shm
{code}
h2. 8) Installing Oracle 11gR2 Express Edition
The final release version of Oracle 11gR2 Express Edition can be downloaded for free at http://otn.oracle.com/database/express-edition/downloads. The software should automatically downloaded into the "Downloads" folder of your home directory.
Enter the following commands to unpack the installer:
{code}
cd ~/Downloads
unzip oracle-xe-11.2.0-1.0.x86_64.rpm.zip
rm oracle-xe-11.2.0-1.0.x86_64.rpm.zip
{code}
The Debian Linux based package management of Ubuntu is not compatible with the Red Hat package manager. The Oracle installer needs to be converted using the following commands:
{code}
cd ~/Downloads/Disk1
sudo alien --to-deb --scripts oracle-xe-11.2.0-1.0.x86_64.rpm
(This may take a few minutes)
rm oracle-xe-11.2.0-1.0.x86_64.rpm
{code}
The following needs to be set for compatibility:
{code}
sudo ln -s /usr/bin/awk /bin/awk
sudo mkdir /var/lock/subsys
{code}
Ubuntu uses different tools to manage services and system startup scripts. The "chkconfig" tool required by the Oracle installer is not available in Ubuntu. The following will create a file to simulate the "chkconfig" tool.
Login as root:
{code}
sudo su -
{code}
Copy & paste the following *directly* into the command prompt to create a file:
{code}
cat > /sbin/chkconfig <<-EOF
#!/bin/bash
# Oracle 11gR2 XE installer chkconfig hack for Debian based Linux (by dude)
# Only run once.
echo "Simulating /sbin/chkconfig..."
if [[ ! \`tail -n1 /etc/init.d/oracle-xe | grep INIT\` ]]; then
cat >> /etc/init.d/oracle-xe <<-EOM
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides:                  OracleXE
# Required-Start:        \\\$remote_fs \\\$syslog
# Required-Stop:        \\\$remote_fs \\\$syslog
# Default-Start:            2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop:            0 1 6
# Short-Description:   Oracle 11g Express Edition
### END INIT INFO
EOM
fi
update-rc.d oracle-xe defaults 80 01
EOF
{code}
Exit root:
{code}
exit
{code}
Set execute privileges:
{code}
sudo chmod 755 /sbin/chkconfig
{code}
Install Oracle 11gR2 Express Edition entering the following commands:
{code}
cd ~/Downloads/Disk1
sudo dpkg --install ./oracle-xe_11.2.0-2_amd64.deb
(This may take a couple of minutes)
{code}
Run the configuration script to create (clone) the database and follow the screen. Accept the default answers, including "y" to startup the database automatically, or modify as required.
{code}
sudo /etc/init.d/oracle-xe configure
(This can take a few minutes - the installation completed successfully.)
{code}
To verify success, the procedure should end showing:
{code}
Starting Oracle Net Listener...Done
Configuring database...Done
Starting Oracle Database 11g Express Edition instance...Done
Installation completed successfully.
{code}
Set a password for the Oracle account:
{code}
sudo passwd oracle
{code}
h2. 9) Post-Installation
In order to use sqlplus and other tools, the Oracle account requires specific environment variables. The following will set these variables automatically at every Oracle login:
Login as the Oracle user:
{code}
su - oracle
{code}
Copy the default account skeleton files and add the Oracle env script to .profile:
{code}
cp /etc/skel/.bash_logout ./
cp /etc/skel/.bashrc ./
cp /etc/skel/.profile ./
echo "" >>./.profile
echo '. /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe/bin/oracle_env.sh' >>./.profile
{code}
By default, the Oracle Database XE graphical user interface is only available at the local server, but not remotely. The following will enable remote logins:
Login as the Oracle user:
{code}
su - oracle
{code}
Login as SYSDBA and execute the following:
{code}
sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> EXEC DBMS_XDB.SETLISTENERLOCALACCESS(FALSE);
exit
{code}
See http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/E17781_01/admin.112/e18585/toc.htm for more information.
h3. a) Unity desktop configurations
The Oracle XE menu under the previous Gnome Classic desktop shows several useful scripts to backup the database, start and stop the database, etc. Under the Unity based desktop this menu is not available. You can either switch to the Gnome Classic desktop as outlined in chapter 2, or perform the following steps to modify and copy the scripts as outlined below. The start and stop database scripts will also be modified to perform a progress feedback.
Login as user root:
{code}
sudo su -
{code}
Convert desktop files:
{code}
cd /usr/share/applications
sed -i 's/Categories.*/Categories=Database;Office;Development;/g' oraclexe*
sed -i 's/MultipleArgs/X-MultipleArgs/g' oraclexe*
sed -i 's/MimeType.*/MimeType=application\/x-database/g' oraclexe*
sed -i 's/.png//g' oraclexe*
sed -i 's/Terminal=false/Terminal=true/g' oraclexe-startdb.desktop
sed -i 's/Terminal=false/Terminal=true/g' oraclexe-stopdb.desktop
{code}
Exit root:
{code}
exit
{code}
Login as user Oracle:
{code}
su - oracle
{code}
Modify database start and stop scripts:
{code}
cd /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe/config/scripts
cp startdb.sh start.sh_orig
cp stopdb.sh stopdb.sh_orig
sed -i 's/>.*//g' startdb.sh
sed -i 's/>.*//g' stopdb.sh
{code}
You will need SYSDBA privileges and set Oracle environment variables in order to use your regular user account.
Login to your regular user account:
{code}
su - dude
{code}
Enter the folowing command:
{code}
sudo usermod -a -G dba dude
{code}
Then update your profile to automatically set the necessary Oracle environment variables:
{code}
echo "" >>./.profile
echo '. /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe/bin/oracle_env.sh' >>./.profile
{code}
Update your Desktop folder to contain useful Oracle XE scripts:
{code}
cp /usr/share/applications/oraclexe* ~/Desktop
chmod 750 ~/Desktop/oraclexe*
{code}
To verify success re-login and try "sqlplus":
{code}
su - oracle
sqlplus / as sysdba
{code}
h2. 10) Tips and Troubleshooting
h3. 10. a) Port 1521 appears to be in use by another application
Error: Port 1521 appears to be in use by another application. Specify a different port.This error happens after a previously unsuccessful configuration attempt using /etc/init.d/oracle-xe configure script. The script was able to start the Listener process, but most likely failed to continue to clone the database, e.g. ORA-00845. The following should correct the problem:
Determine the oracle listener process that is already running:
{code}
$ ps -ef | grep oracle
{code}
Your output should be similar to:
{code}
oracle   19789     1 0 19:46 ?        00:00:00 /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe/bin/tnslsnr
{code}
Then kill the process, using the appropriate process id, for instance:
{code}
$ sudo kill -9 19789
{code}
h3. 10.b) cannot touch `/var/lock/subsys/listener': No such file or directory
Starting Oracle Net Listener...touch: cannot touch `/var/lock/subsys/listener': No such file or directoryThis error occurs when you run /etc/init.d/oracle-xe configure, but failed the preinstallation step to create the /var//lock/subsys directory as outlined in chapter 8.
h3. 10.c) ORA-00845: MEMORY_TARGET
ORA-00845: MEMORY_TARGET not supported on this system See chapter 7 to enable /dev/shm and verify free space available in /run/shm
h3. 10.d) Apex ADMIN password
According to the Oracle documentation, the password for the INTERNAL and ADMIN Oracle Application Express user accounts is initially the same as the SYS and SYSTEM administrative user accounts. Well, I tried several times without success. To reset the Apex Admin password:
Login as user oracle:
{code}
su - oracle
{code}
Login as SYSDBA and type the following:
{code}
sqlplus / as sysdba
{code}
At the SQL prompt, type the following to be prompted to change the password:
{code}
SQL> @?/apex/apxxepwd.sql
exit
{code}
When done, open your browser and go to http://127.0.0.1:8080/apex
Workspace: Internal
Username: ADMIN
Password: password you set with apxxepwd.sql
I will prompt you to reset the password:
old password: password you set with apxxepwd.sql
new password: final_password
You can also login as the Apex Admin using http://127.0.0.1:8080/apex/apex_admin
h3. 10.e) SYS and SYSTEM password
Use the following commands to reset the SYS and SYSTEM passwords if necessary:
Login as the Oracle user:
{code}
su - oracle
{code}
Login as SYSDBA and type the following at the SQL prompt:
{code}
sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> alter user sys identified by "password" account unlock;
SQL> alter user system identified by "password" account unlock;
SQL> exit
{code}
h3. 10.f) Uninstall Oracle 11g XE
The following will completely uninstall and remove Oracle 11g XE:
Open a terminal seesion and login as user root:
{code}
sudo su -
{code}
Enter the following:
{code}
/etc/init.d/oracle-xe stop
dpkg --purge oracle-xe
rm -r /u01/app
rm /etc/default/oracle-xe
update-rc.d -f oracle-xe remove
update-rc.d -f oracle-mount remove
update-rc.d -f oracle-shm remove
{code}
h3. 10.g) Reconfigure Oracle 11g XE
Type the following commands in a terminal window:
{code}
sudo /etc/init.d/oracle-xe stop
sudo rm /etc/default/oracle-xe
sudo /etc/init.d/oracle-xe configure
{code}
h3. 10.h) Gnome Classic desktop
Ubuntu 11 moved from the Gnome Classic desktop to Unity and removed the "Ubuntu Classic" login option. Unity was designed to make more efficient use of space given a limited screen size and touch screens. If you prefer to use the Gnome Classic desktop, enter the following into a terminal window:
{code}
sudo apt-get install gnome-panel
{code}
To log into the Gnome Classic desktop, select the "Gearwheel" at the login screen and select "Gnome Classic".
h3. 10.i) Unix vi cursor keys
The instructions in this tutorial do not require the use of any text editor. However, if you would like use the backspace and cursor keys in the "vi-editor", the following needs to be installed:
{code}
sudo apt-get install vim
{code}
h3. 10.j) Backup Database
In order to perform an online database backup using the supplied "Backup Database" script, the database needs to run in Archive-Log mode. This can be setup using the following commands:
Login as the Oracle user:
{code}
su - oracle
{code}
Login as SYSDBA and type the following:
{code}
sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> shutdown immediate
SQL> startup mount
SQL> alter database archivelog;
SQL> alter database open;
SQL> exit
{code}
h2. 11) History
Version: A, 24-Oct-2011
- first release
Version: B, 25-Oct-2011
- reduced instructions.
- corrected errors in 6a and 8.
- new strategy addressing ORA-00845 error.
- rework of chapter 10.
Version: C, 30-Nov-2011
- corrected typo in 6a
- new procedures in 9a.
- added progress feedback to database scripts.
Version D, 14-Jan-2012
- corrected presentation errors.
- reorganized instructions.
h3. 12) References
http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/E17781_01/install.112/e18802/toc.htm
http://askubuntu.com/questions/57297/why-has-var-run-been-migrated-to-run
http://lwn.net/Articles/436012/
https://forums.oracle.com/forums/thread.jspa?threadID=2300750&tstart=0
Kind regards and best of luck!
Dude.

Excellent Blog. Thank You
Small clarification on Step **6) Oracle Home Directory, ...a) Resize the Root Partition**
Ubuntu 11.10 has Gparted available as a Ubuntu software download, DONT use that while trying the above step, instead download the ISO file from http://sourceforge.net/projects/gparted/files/gparted-live-stable/ gparted-live-0.12.0-5.iso (124.6 MB)
Burn that ISO file on a Blank DVD, reboot the Ubuntu , during startup select Boot from DVD Option if not already selected. this will take to Boot Menu Options of Gparted Live then select the first menu option, and this allows to do further action such as Re-sizing .
and once you have chosen and executed step a) . do NOT run step b) also that is "Setup External Storage"
I hope this minor clarification can avoid some confusion
Regards
Madhusudhan Rao
Edited by: MadhusudhanRao on Mar 24, 2012 11:30 PM

How change NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS parameter for load external table

Hi,
I use this version:
OWB 11gR2
Database 11gR2
Parameter NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS Database ., Instance ,.
When I created database with wizard and in this moment I don't set spanish language, later I changed this parameters in instance parameters.
Now I want load data from a file to external table, but I've an error when I try load data with decimal point.
why does it use the database parameter instead of instance parameter?
Is possible to change this parameter?
Cheers
Marisol

At this moment , this is not possible . You can see metalink note ID 268906.1.
It says:
Currently, external tables always use the setting of NLS_NUMERIC_CHARACTERS
+at the database level.+
Cheers
Marisol

How do I move my iTunes Library to an external drive and retain everything?

I'm sure this is a common [stupid] question, but I couldn't find a clear answer and I want to be sure I'm doing it correctly.
To clarify; I want to move/relocate my iTunes Library folder to an external drive (FW800 two-disk RAID1) to free up my system drive and have a backup. Do I redirect iTunes to the new location and use File>Library>Consolidate Library, or, can I just move or copy the 'iTunes' folder to the external drive and then change the iTunes 'music folder location' to the new location? Will this now save all subsequent imported/purchased music, movies,,..etc to the external drive and retain all my library details?
Message was edited by: Sakahara

Hello, Welcome to Apple Discussions.
Below you will find more information about your options of relocating iTunes Library and backing it up.
iTunes for Mac: Moving your iTunes Music folder
http://support.apple.com/kb/HT1449
How to use your iPod to move your music to a new computer
http://support.apple.com/kb/HT1329
Back up your iTunes library by copying to an external hard drive
http://support.apple.com/kb/HT1751
How to back up your media in iTunes
http://support.apple.com/kb/HT1382

Mac Mini Server (Announced October 20, 2009) - Does it do RAID1?

Apple announced the Mac Mini Server today for $999. It comes with two SATA hard drives, but there is no mention of RAID1. Does it do RAID1? This would be a good enough reason to get it. This could be a perfect media device - iTunes server, streaming video to TV via DVI/USB-to-HDMI adapter or DVI/optical-digital-audio_out-to-HDMI adapter, Time Machine backups, and file storage with RAID1. Without RAID1, this is just a mini sans the DVD drive.

Dunstan Cooke wrote:
I'm interested in a RAID 1 configuration to use as a file server in our office. 500 gb will be plenty of space for us, and I will couple this with an external 1 TB drive to use as a Time Machine backup.
Given that presumably the OS will come preinstalled on one of the drives, how do you then create the mirror of this? If I reinstall the OS from an external device, does the installation provide the option to create the RAID 1 array to install to?
When you boot from the Mac OS X install DVD (included with the Mac mini) you have the option to run Disk Utility to format/erase/partition or configure Software RAID. You can then once you have created your RAID configuration proceed with the installation in to that volume.
Note: The Disk Utility program (the GUI version) does not let you partition a RAID drive, so if you have the two 500GB drives, you can only have a single 500GB volume (RAID1) or a single 1TB volume (RAID0). It is possible (but not recommended by Apple) to create two or more RAID mirrored partitions on a pair of drives via the command line. To do this in this case, would involve booting from an external drive which has Mac OS X installed on it, then you can run the Terminal to access the diskutil command line tool.

External HDD to use with logic/sample libraries

So my current external HDD just freaked out, and after a year of using it with my MBP, it decided that its format was NTFS. Not sure how that works, but I dont want to have to experience that again . Anyway, I'm buying a new one, and was considering various possibilities such as enclosures with internal HDDs because it is cheaper, etc.
So far it has been recommended that I stick with a drive that has an internal power supply, because drives with external power supplies tend to have higher fail rates, and also because they are sometimes underpowered and drag down the I/O bus. Does this sound about right?
Someone told me to check out Rocstor AV and Glyph drives, which I did. Glyph seems way too pricey for me, but I found these drives from Rocstor:
http://www.amazon.com/Rocraid-RAID1-Jbod-2XFW800-Hot-swap/dp/tech-data/B00141AY5 A/ref=deasmtd
http://www.amazon.com/1-5TB-Rocport-7200-FW800-ESATA/dp/tech-data/B001M0KQPQ/ref =deasmtd
The 1 year warranty kind of makes me uneasy. Any advice regarding these 2 products? Does the Rocraid seems like a good deal for 2TB, but perhaps it's more than I need. Would I be able to buy any old 3.5'' internal drive and swap it with the 2 that it comes with?
Thoughts?
Message was edited by: Ravich

any advice?

11gR2 - External redundany. RAID1 or 5

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