A portable interpretable object code expressed as Unicode characters

A portable interpretable object code expressed as Unicode characters
My idea of a portable interpretable object code suitable for encoding into Unicode is presently at a point somewhere on the line between abstract pure mathematics and practical, widely used information technology.
There is more information in the following thread.
http://forum.high-logic.com/viewtopic.php?f=10&t=2364
There has also been a thread in the Unicode Public Email List.
http://www.unicode.org/mail-arch/unicode-ml/y2009-m03/0168.html
http://www.unicode.org/mail-arch/unicode-ml/y2009-m03/
Encoding of the portable interpretable object code is currently into plane 15, which is one of the Unicode Private Use Areas. Maybe a portable interpretable object code will one-day be encoded into regular Unicode, perhaps in plane 12.
I am thinking that if an MHP application written in Java were produced which interprets the portable interpretable object code, then a sandbox environment could be produced that would enable lots of people to program content for the MHP platform by writing a program in the portable interpretable object code and that program be interpreted by the MHP application.
William Overington
3 April 2009

You are hitting ORA-600 internal error during the connection.
You did not even go to the line
System.out.println("*******after getting aconnection");
according to stack trace.
Which versions of Oracle RDBMS (9.0.1 or 9.0.2) and JDBC are you using?
Are they in sync?
I believe the current problem may not be about NLS.
Do you have a working ascii testcase?

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I am creating a pretty standard chat server and client with the exception that I want to be able to send special math symbols back and forth to aid in helping people with math homework. The unicode characters will appear on the buttons, in the textField (where users type in their messages), in the messageArea (where users see all of the messages) correctly. However, as soon as the server reads it, it is converted to a ? character by either the BufferedReader or the PrintWriter, but I am fairly certain it is the BufferedReader. All of the Sun examples I have read recommend doing exactly what I have done to be able to support unicode characters so I am somewhat at a loss. Any help would be appreciated. I will include all of the source code (which is rather large) but the main problem is the with the BufferedReader or PrintWriter when the servers reads the string in and then broadcasts it to all the clients (at least I'm pretty sure it is).
// ChatServer.java
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Set;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
* A multithreaded chat room server. When a client connects the
* server requests a screen name by sending the client the
* text "SUBMITNAME", and keeps requesting a name until
* a unique one is received. After a client submits a unique
* name, the server acknowledges with "NAMEACCEPTED". Then
* all messages from that client will be broadcast to all other
* clients that have submitted a unique screen name. The
* broadcast messages are prefixed with "MESSAGE ".
* Because this is just a teaching example to illustrate a simple
* chat server, there are a few features that have been left out.
* Two are very useful and belong in production code:
* 1. The protocol should be enhanced so that the client can
* send clean disconnect messages to the server.
* 2. The server should do some logging.
public class ChatServer {
* The port that the server listens on.
private static final int PORT = 9001;
* The set of all names of clients in the chat room. Maintained
* so that we can check that new clients are not registering name
* already in use.
private static HashSet names = new HashSet();
* The set of all the print writers for all the clients. This
* set is kept so we can easily broadcast messages.
private static HashMap writers = new HashMap();
private static HashMap userSockets = new HashMap();
private static Set keys;
* The appplication main method, which just listens on a port and
* spawns handler threads.
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
System.out.println("The chat server is running.");
ServerSocket listener = new ServerSocket(PORT);
try {
while (true) {
new Handler(listener.accept()).start();
     } catch (Exception e) {
} finally {
listener.close();
* A handler thread class. Handlers are spawned from the listening
* loop and are responsible for a dealing with a single client
* and broadcasting its messages.
private static class Handler extends Thread {
private String name;
private Socket socket;
private BufferedReader in;
private PrintWriter out;
* Constructs a handler thread, squirreling away the socket.
* All the interesting work is done in the run method.
public Handler(Socket socket) {
this.socket = socket;
public void disconnect(String userName) {
if (userName != null) {
names.remove(userName);
if (writers.get(userName) != null) {
writers.remove(userName);
try {
((Socket)userSockets.get(userName)).close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
System.out.println(userName +" has disconnected from the Chat Server.");
keys = writers.keySet();
for (Iterator i = keys.iterator(); i.hasNext(); ) {
((PrintWriter)writers.get(i.next())).println(
"USERQUIT" +name);
public void disconnectAll() {
for (Iterator i = names.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
String userName = i.next().toString();
if (!userName.equals("administrator")) {
names.remove(userName);
keys = writers.keySet();
for (Iterator it = keys.iterator(); it.hasNext(); ) {
((PrintWriter)writers.get(it.next())).println(
"USERQUIT" +name);
writers.remove(userName);
userSockets.remove(userName);
* Services this thread's client by repeatedly requesting a
* screen name until a unique one has been submitted, then
* acknowledges the name and registers the output stream for
* the client in a global set, then repeatedly gets inputs and
* broadcasts them.
public void run() {
try {
// Create character streams for the socket.
in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
socket.getInputStream()));
out = new PrintWriter(socket.getOutputStream(), true);
// Request a name from this client. Keep requesting until
// a name is submitted that is not already used. Note that
// checking for the existence of a name and adding the name
// must be done while locking the set of names.
while (true) {
out.println("SUBMITNAME");
name = in.readLine();
if (name == null) {
return;
synchronized (names) {
if (!names.contains(name) && name.equalsIgnoreCase("administrator")) {
out.println("SUBMITPASSWORD");
String password = in.readLine();
if (password.equals("s3cure")) {
out.println("GRANTEDADMIN");
if (!names.contains(name)) {
names.add(name);
break;
// Now that a successful name has been chosen, add the
// socket's print writer to the set of all writers so
// this client can receive broadcast messages.
out.println("NAMEACCEPTED");
keys = writers.keySet();
for (Iterator i = keys.iterator(); i.hasNext(); ) {
((PrintWriter)writers.get(i.next())).println(
"USERJOIN" +name);
writers.put(name, out);
userSockets.put(name, socket);
System.out.println(name +" has successfully connected to the Chat Server.");
// Accept messages from this client and broadcast them.
// Ignore other clients that cannot be broadcasted to.
while (true) {
String input = in.readLine();
if (input == null) {
return;
          else if (input.startsWith("LISTUSERS")) {
               Iterator i = names.iterator();
               String namesString = new String();
               while (i.hasNext()) {
               namesString += " " +i.next();
               out.println("USERLIST " +namesString);
     catch (Exception e) {
     finally {
          disconnect(name);
// ChatClient.java
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.ListIterator;
import java.awt.event.WindowEvent;
import java.awt.event.WindowAdapter;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import java.awt.event.MouseListener;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseEvent;
import java.awt.event.KeyListener;
import java.awt.event.KeyEvent;
import java.awt.Point;
import java.awt.Button;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.FlowLayout;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JLabel;
import javax.swing.JTextField;
import javax.swing.JTextArea;
//import javax.swing.JTextPane;
import javax.swing.JScrollPane;
import javax.swing.JOptionPane;
import javax.swing.JList;
import javax.swing.DefaultListModel;
import javax.swing.JMenuBar;
import javax.swing.JMenu;
import javax.swing.JMenuItem;
import javax.swing.JPopupMenu;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
* A simple Swing-based client for the chat server. Graphically
* it is a frame with a text field for entering messages and a
* textarea to see the whole dialog.
* The client follows the Chat Protocol which is as follows.
* When the server sends "SUBMITNAME" the client replies with the
* desired screen name. The server will keep sending "SUBMITNAME"
* requests as long as the client submits screen names that are
* already in use. When the server sends a line beginning
* with "NAMEACCEPTED" the client is now allowed to start
* sending the server arbitrary strings to be broadcast to all
* chatters connected to the server. When the server sends a
* line beginning with "MESSAGE " then all characters following
* this string should be displayed in its message area.
public class ChatClient {
BufferedReader in;
PrintWriter out;
JFrame frame = new JFrame("Math Chatter version 0.3");
JTextField textField = new JTextField(40);
JTextArea messageArea = new JTextArea(25, 40);
//JTextPane messageArea = new JTextPane();
// Menu
JMenuBar menuBar = new JMenuBar();
// File Menu and MenuItems
JMenu fileMenu = new JMenu();
JMenuItem connectMenuItem = new JMenuItem();
JMenuItem disconnectMenuItem = new JMenuItem();
JMenuItem exitMenuItem = new JMenuItem();
// Help Menu and MenuItems
JMenu helpMenu = new JMenu();
JMenuItem aboutMenuItem = new JMenuItem();
JOptionPane aboutDialog = new JOptionPane();
// Message Area Popup Menu and MenuItems
JPopupMenu messageAreaPopupMenu = new JPopupMenu();
JMenuItem connectPopupMenuItem = new JMenuItem();
JMenuItem disconnectPopupMenuItem = new JMenuItem();
JMenuItem clearTextMenuItem = new JMenuItem();
JMenuItem exitPopupMenuItem = new JMenuItem();
MouseListener messageAreaPopupListener = new messageAreaPopupListener();
// User Area Popup Menu and MenuItems
JPopupMenu userAreaPopupMenu = new JPopupMenu();
JMenuItem pingPopupMenuItem = new JMenuItem();
JMenuItem disconnectUserPopupMenuItem = new JMenuItem();
JMenuItem disconnectAllUsersPopupMenuItem = new JMenuItem();
MouseListener userAreaPopupListener = new userAreaPopupListener();
// Panel with textfield, send, and clear buttons
JPanel sendTextPanel = new JPanel();
// Panel that has all the math buttons
JPanel buttonPanel = new JPanel();
// Panel that has messageArea and users panell
JPanel displayPanel = new JPanel();
DefaultListModel listModel = new DefaultListModel();
JList userNamesList = new JList(listModel);
//JTextArea userNamesTextArea = new JTextArea(25, 10);
// buttonPanel stuff
Button sendButton = new Button();
Button clearButton = new Button();
Button infinityButton = new Button();
Button thetaButton = new Button();
Button limitButton = new Button();
Button thereforeButton = new Button();
JLabel buttonLabel = new JLabel("Useful math stuff: ");
HashSet usersHashSet = new HashSet();
LinkedList sentMessageList = new LinkedList();
ListIterator sentMessageIterator;
boolean isAdmin = false;
* Constructs the client by laying out the GUI and registering a
* listener with the textfield so that pressing Return in the
* listener sends the textfield contents to the server. Note
* however that the textfield is initially NOT editable, and
* only becomes editable AFTER the client receives the NAMEACCEPTED
* message from the server.
public ChatClient() {
// -----------------> Layout MenuBar
frame.setJMenuBar(menuBar);
fileMenu.setText("File");
connectMenuItem.setText("Connect");
connectMenuItem.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
showWhoopsDialog();
/*out.println("CONNECT");
try {
run();
catch (Exception ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
fileMenu.add(connectMenuItem);
disconnectMenuItem.setText("Disconnect");
disconnectMenuItem.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
chatDisconnect();
fileMenu.add(disconnectMenuItem);
exitMenuItem.setText("Exit");
exitMenuItem.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
frame.dispose();
System.exit(0);
return;
fileMenu.add(exitMenuItem);
menuBar.add(fileMenu);
helpMenu.setText("Help");
aboutMenuItem.setText("About");
aboutMenuItem.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
aboutDialog.setDoubleBuffered(true);
aboutDialog.showMessageDialog(frame,
"Chat Server and Client were originally written by Ray Toal and were found at \n http://www.technocage.com/~ray/viewsource.jsp?java/networking/ChatServer.java and \n http://www.technocage.com/~ray/viewsource.jsp?java/networking/ChatClient.java. \n\n Math Chatter and all revisions have been done by William Ready.",
"About Math Chatter Server and Client version 0.3",
JOptionPane.INFORMATION_MESSAGE);
helpMenu.add(aboutMenuItem);
menuBar.add(helpMenu);
// -----------> End Menu
// -----------> Popup Menus
// -----------> Message Area Popup Menu
connectPopupMenuItem.setText("Connect");
connectPopupMenuItem.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
showWhoopsDialog();
disconnectPopupMenuItem.setText("Disconnect");
disconnectPopupMenuItem.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
chatDisconnect();
clearTextMenuItem.setText("Clear text");
clearTextMenuItem.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
messageArea.setText("");
exitPopupMenuItem.setText("Exit");
exitPopupMenuItem.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
frame.dispose();
System.exit(0);
messageAreaPopupMenu.add(connectPopupMenuItem);
messageAreaPopupMenu.add(disconnectPopupMenuItem);
messageAreaPopupMenu.add(clearTextMenuItem);
messageAreaPopupMenu.add(exitPopupMenuItem);
messageArea.addMouseListener(messageAreaPopupListener);
// -----------> End Message Area Popup Menu
// -----------> User Area Popup Menu
pingPopupMenuItem.setText("Ping User");
pingPopupMenuItem.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//System.out.println("Yo yo yo");
disconnectUserPopupMenuItem.setText("Disconnect User");
disconnectUserPopupMenuItem.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
if (userNamesList.getSelectedValue() != null) {
//System.out.println("Yo yo yo");
out.println("DISCONNECTUSER " +userNamesList.getSelectedValue().toString());
//disconnectUserPopupMenuItem.setEnabled(false);
disconnectUserPopupMenuItem.setVisible(false);
disconnectAllUsersPopupMenuItem.setText("Disconnect All Users");
disconnectUserPopupMenuItem.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
if (userNamesList.getSelectedValue() != null) {
//System.out.println("Yo yo yo");
out.println("DISCONNECTALLUSERS");
//disconnectUserPopupMenuItem.setEnabled(false);
disconnectAllUsersPopupMenuItem.setVisible(false);
userAreaPopupMenu.add(pingPopupMenuItem);
userAreaPopupMenu.add(disconnectUserPopupMenuItem);
userAreaPopupMenu.add(disconnectAllUsersPopupMenuItem);
userNamesList.addMouseListener(userAreaPopupListener);
// -----------> End User Area Popup Menu
// -----------> End Popup Menus
// -----------> Layout GUI
textField.setEditable(false);
textField.requestDefaultFocus();
messageArea.setEditable(false);
sendTextPanel.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
sendTextPanel.add(textField);
sendButton.setLabel("Send");
sendButton.setEnabled(false);
sendTextPanel.add(sendButton);
clearButton.setLabel("Clear");
sendTextPanel.add(clearButton);
buttonPanel.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
buttonPanel.add(buttonLabel);
infinityButton.setLabel("\u221e");
buttonPanel.add(infinityButton);
     thetaButton.setLabel("\u03b8");
buttonPanel.add(thetaButton);
limitButton.setLabel("lim");
buttonPanel.add(limitButton);
thereforeButton.setLabel("\u2234");
buttonPanel.add(thereforeButton);
userNamesList.setVisibleRowCount(26);
userNamesList.setFixedCellWidth(110);
JScrollPane nameTextScrollPane = new JScrollPane(userNamesList);
JScrollPane messageAreaScrollPane = new JScrollPane(messageArea);
displayPanel.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
displayPanel.add(messageAreaScrollPane);
displayPanel.add(nameTextScrollPane);
frame.getContentPane().add(sendTextPanel, "North");
frame.getContentPane().add(displayPanel, "Center");
frame.getContentPane().add(buttonPanel, "South");
frame.pack();
// ---------------> Add Listeners
textField.addKeyListener(new KeyListener() {
public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e){ }
public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e){
if (e.getKeyChar() == KeyEvent.VK_UP) {
if (sentMessageIterator.hasNext()) {
textField.setText((String)sentMessageIterator.next());
if (e.getKeyChar() == KeyEvent.VK_DOWN) {
if (sentMessageIterator.hasPrevious()) {
textField.setText((String)sentMessageIterator.previous());
if (e.getKeyChar() == KeyEvent.VK_ENTER) {
String text = textField.getText();
if (text != null && !(text.equals(""))) {
sentMessageList.addFirst(textField.getText());
sentMessageIterator = sentMessageList.listIterator();
out.println(textField.getText());
textField.setText("");
public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e){}
sendButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
out.println(textField.getText());
textField.setText("");
textField.requestFocus();
clearButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
textField.setText("");
textField.requestFocus();
infinityButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
textField.setText(textField.getText() +"\u221e");
textField.requestFocus();
thetaButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
textField.setText(textField.getText() +"\u03b8");
textField.requestFocus();
limitButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
String limit = JOptionPane.showInputDialog(frame,
"Enter the value that the variable approaches. \n If the value is infinity, type in inf. \n (Note: the variable name is irrelevant)",
"Value that variable approaches",
JOptionPane.QUESTION_MESSAGE);
if (limit != null && limit.equalsIgnoreCase("inf"))
textField.setText(textField.getText() +"lim [x->\u221e] ");
else if (limit != null)
textField.setText(textField.getText() +"lim [x->" +limit +"] ");
textField.requestFocus();
thereforeButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
textField.setText(textField.getText() +"\u2234");
textField.requestFocus();
// -------------> End Listeners
// -------------> End GUI
* Prompt for and return the address of the server.
private String getServerAddress() {
return JOptionPane.showInputDialog(
frame,
"Enter IP Address of the Server:",
"Welcome to the Chatter",
JOptionPane.QUESTION_MESSAGE);
private void showWhoopsDialog() {
JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(frame,
"Unfortunately this feature has not been implemented yet. \n The only way to connect currently is to exit the program \n and start it again",
"Whoops!",
JOptionPane.ERROR_MESSAGE);
private void chatDisconnect() {
messageArea.append("You have disconnected from the Chat Server\n");
textField.setEditable(false);
messageArea.setEnabled(false);
userNamesList.setEnabled(false);
fileMenu.requestFocus();
out.println("DISCONNECT");
* Prompt for and return the desired screen name.
private String getName() {
return JOptionPane.showInputDialog(
frame,
"Choose a screen name:",
"Screen name selection",
JOptionPane.PLAIN_MESSAGE);
private String getPassword() {
return JOptionPane.showInputDialog(
frame,
"Type in your password:",
"Password Input",
JOptionPane.PLAIN_MESSAGE);
* Connects to the server then enters the processing loop.
private void run() throws IOException {
// Make connection and initialize streams
String serverAddress = getServerAddress();
if (serverAddress != null && !(serverAddress.equals(""))) {
Socket socket = new Socket(serverAddress, 9001);
in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
socket.getInputStream()));
out = new PrintWriter(socket.getOutputStream(), true);
// Process all messages from server, according to the protocol.
while (true) {
try {
String line = in.readLine();
if (line.startsWith("SUBMITNAME")) {
out.println(getName());
          } else if (line.startsWith("NAMEACCEPTED")) {
textField.setEditable(true);
          out.println("LISTUSERS");
sendButton.setEnabled(true);
//messageArea.setEnabled(true);
} else if (line.startsWith("SUBMITPASSWORD")) {
out.println(getPassword());
} else if (line.startsWith("GRANTEDADMIN")) {
isAdmin = true;
//disconnectUserPopupMenuItem.setEnabled(true);
disconnectUserPopupMenuItem.setVisible(true);
disconnectAllUsersPopupMenuItem.setVisible(true);
} else if (line.startsWith("DISCONNECT")) {
sendButton.setEnabled(false);
return;
} else if (line.startsWith("USERLIST")) {
          StringTokenizer st = new StringTokenizer(line.substring(8), " ");
          while (st.hasMoreTokens()) {
          usersHashSet.add(st.nextToken());
listModel.removeAllElements();
for (Iterator i = usersHashSet.iterator(); i.hasNext(); ) {
          listModel.addElement(i.next());
} else if (line.startsWith("USERJOIN")) {
          String userJoinName = line.substring(8).trim();
          usersHashSet.add(userJoinName);
          listModel.addElement(userJoinName);
} else if (line.startsWith("USERQUIT")) {
          String userQuitName = line.substring(8).trim();
          usersHashSet.remove(userQuitName);
listModel.removeElement(userQuitName);
} else if (line.startsWith("MESSAGE")) {
messageArea.setFont(new Font("Lucida Sans", Font.PLAIN, 12));
messageArea.append(line.substring(8) + "\n");
catch (Exception e) {
//e.printStackTrace();
return;
* Runs the client as an application with a closeable frame.
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
ChatClient client = new ChatClient();
client.frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
client.frame.setLocation(200, 100);
client.frame.show();
client.run();
class messageAreaPopupListener extends MouseAdapter {
public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
maybeShowPopup(e);
public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e) {
maybeShowPopup(e);
private void maybeShowPopup(MouseEvent e) {
if (e.isPopupTrigger()) {
messageAreaPopupMenu.show(e.getComponent(),
e.getX(), e.getY());
class userAreaPopupListener extends MouseAdapter {
public void mousePressed(MouseEvent e) {
maybeShowPopup(e);
public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent e) {
maybeShowPopup(e);
private void maybeShowPopup(MouseEvent e) {
if (e.isPopupTrigger()) {
userAreaPopupMenu.show(e.getComponent(),
e.getX(), e.getY());

Yes, the code is large, isn't it. It is a good idea, when you have a problem you can't solve, to remove unnecessary code. When the problem disappears, then you know the code you just removed was probably the source of the problem.
But in your case, I think that none of the 1000 lines of code you posted are the problem. You appear to be using Lucida Sans, which is a positive sign; it can render many of the characters you have hard-coded in your program. But apparently the problem is with characters that are coming from somewhere else? And you are using a PrintWriter to send them there and a BufferedReader to get them back? These convert your data from characters to bytes and back again using the default encoding for your system. Chances are that this encoding is some "extended ASCII" encoding that doesn't know how to map anything above \u00ff. You need to get an InputStreamReader and an OutputStreamWriter into your transmission. (Wrap your socket.getInputStream() in an InputStreamReader and wrap that in a BufferedReader, etc.) These objects can take an encoding name as their second parameter; try "UTF-8" or "UTF8" for the encoding. Their API documentation has a link to a page about encodings; follow that if you need more info.

Search and replace for Unicode characters

Hello,
I have a function which searches and replaces characters on file. It works with ASCI sharacters, but not when the strings which needs to be replaced contains Unicode ('á', 'ā') etc. The source file is codding
utf8 .
$file = "file.txt"
$SearchReplace = @($file)
#Process files by performing a search and replace
foreach ($file in $SearchReplace)
#Select-Object -Skip 1 |
(Get-Content $file) |
Foreach-object { $_ -replace 'unicode_string' , ';' } |
out-file -encoding Unicode $file
How to get working the search (and replace) function with Unicode characters?
Thanks!

No. it does not. I have verified that script does not recognize the diacritic
('á',
'ā') characters when at all the operations with the files I have specified encoding utf-8/Unicode.

Generate and Write unicode characters to file

The genearted characters looks OK (up to x00FF) but after writing them to file those characters and their values are different. Also the characters after 0x00FF are not coming proper.
Any idea?
Solved!
Go to Solution.

You should probably give this page a thorough read if you are intending on using Unicode in your application. Here is a relevant excerpt:
ASCII technically only defines a 7-bit value and can accordingly represent 128 different characters including control characters such as newline (0x0A) and carriage return (0x0D). However ASCII characters in most applications including LabVIEW are stored as 8-bit values which can represent 256 different characters. The additional 128 characters in this extended ASCII range are defined by the operating system code page aka "Language for non-Unicode Programs". For example, on a Western system, Windows defaults to the character set defined by the Windows-1252 code page. Windows-1252 is an extension of another commonly used encoding called ISO-8859-1.
Windows-1252 gives you characters up to 0xFF (ÿ) but not anything greater than 8-bits (e.g. no 0x0100). By default LabVIEW only supports these 8-bit characters uses multi-byte character strings--interpretation is based on the current code page selected in the operating system. You may turn on Unicode through the instructions provided in my first link (it is unsupported and can be a bit buggy on occasion...) to obtain multibyte unicode character support to allow for multibyte characters not in the OS code page.
Unicode has multiple encodings, and the raw bits for a given character depend on the encoding used. LabVIEW's limited unicode support appears to use UTF-16LE (little-endian) encoding for anything displayed within the UI. So to get the characters to show up on the UI, you must enable unicode (instructions shown in my first link) and write the proper UTF-16LE codes:
UTF-8 is more common and thus easier to work with outside of LabVIEW (e.g. my version of Notepad++ evidently does not support UTF-16LE). I usually end up using UTF-8 encoded strings for files and converting them to UTF-16LE for display in LabVIEW.
The unicode library in my first link has the necessary subVIs for converting between UTF-8 and "Unicode" (i.e. UTF-16LE).
Best Regards,
John Passiak

How do I get unicode characters out of an oracle.xdb.XMLType in Java?

The subject says it all. Something that should be simple and error free. Here's the code...
String xml = new String("<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?>\n<x>\u2026</x>\n");
XMLType xmlType = new XMLType(conn, xml);
conn is an oci8 connection.
How do I get the original string back out of xmlType? I've tried xmlType.getClobVal() and xmlType.getString() but these change my \u2026 to 191 (question mark). I've tried xmlType.getBlobVal(CharacterSet.UNICODE_2_CHARSET).getBytes() (and substituted CharacterSet.UNICODE_2_CHARSET with a number of different CharacterSet values), but while the unicode characters are encoded correctly the blob returned has two bytes cut off the end for every unicode character contained in the original string.
I just need one method that actually works.
I'm using Oracle release 11.1.0.7.0. I'd mention NLS_LANG and file.encoding, but I'm setting the PrintStream I'm using for output explicitly to UTF-8 so these shouldn't, I think, have any bearing on the question.
Thanks for your time.
Stryder, aka Ralph

I created analogic test case, and executed it with DB 11.1.0.7 (Linux x86), which seems to work fine.
Please refer to the execution procedure below:
* I used AL32UTF8 database.
1. Create simple test case by executing the following SQL script from SQL*Plus:
connect / as sysdba
create user testxml identified by testxml;
grant connect, resource to testxml;
connect testxml/testxml
create table testtab (xml xmltype) ;
insert into testtab values (xmltype('<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>'||chr(10)||'<x>'||unistr('\2026')||'</x>'||chr(10)));
-- chr(10) is a linefeed code.
commit;
2. Create QueryXMLType.java as follows:
import java.sql.*;
import oracle.sql.*;
import oracle.jdbc.*;
import oracle.xdb.XMLType;
import java.util.*;
public class QueryXMLType
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception, SQLException
          DriverManager.registerDriver(new oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver());
          OracleConnection conn = (OracleConnection) DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:oracle:oci8:@localhost:1521:orcl", "testxml", "testxml");
          OraclePreparedStatement stmt = (OraclePreparedStatement)conn.prepareStatement("select xml from testtab");
          ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery();
          OracleResultSet orset = (OracleResultSet) rs;
          while (rs.next())
               XMLType xml = XMLType.createXML(orset.getOPAQUE(1));
               System.out.println(xml.getStringVal());
          rs.close();
          stmt.close();
3. Compile QueryXMLType.java and execute QueryXMLType.class as follows:
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jdk/bin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
export CLASSPATH=.:$ORACLE_HOME/jdbc/lib/ojdbc5.jar:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib/orai18n.jar:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib/xdb.jar:$ORACLE_HOME/lib/xmlparserv2.jar
javac QueryXMLType.java
java QueryXMLType
-> Then you will see U+2026 character (horizontal ellipsis) is properly output.
My Java code came from "Oracle XML DB Developer's Guide 11g Release 1 (11.1) Part Number B28369-04" with some modification of:
- Example 14-1 XMLType Java: Using JDBC to Query an XMLType Table
http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B28359_01/appdev.111/b28369/xdb11jav.htm#i1033914
and
- Example 18-23 Using XQuery with JDBC
http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B28359_01/appdev.111/b28369/xdb_xquery.htm#CBAEEJDE

Scanning files for non-unicode characters.

Question: I have a web application that allows users to take data, enter it into a webapp, and generate an xml file on the servers filesystem containing the entered data. The code to this application cannot be altered (outside vendor). I have a second webapp, written by yours truly, that has to parse through these xml files to build a dataset used elsewhere.
Unfortunately I'm having a serious problem. Many of the web applications users are apparently cutting and pasting their information from other sources (frequently MS Word) and in the process are embedding non-unicode characters in the XML files. When my application attempts to open these files (using DocumentBuilder), I get a SAXParseException "Document root element is missing".
I'm sure others have run into this sort of thing, so I'm trying to figure out the best way to tackle this problem. Obviously I'm going to have to start pre-scanning the files for invalid characters, but finding an efficient method for doing so has proven to be a challenge. I can load the file into a String array and search it character per character, but that is both extremely slow (we're talking thousands of LONG XML files), and would require that I predefine the invalid characters (so anything new would slip through).
I'm hoping there's a faster, easier way to do this that I'm just not familiar with or have found elsewhere.

require that I predefine the invalid charactersThis isn't hard to do and it isn't subject to change. The XML recommendation tells you here exactly what characters are valid in XML documents.
However if your problems extend to the sort of case where users paste code including the "&" character into a text node without escaping it properly, or they drop in MS Word "smart quotes" in the incorrect encoding, then I think you'll just have to face up to the fact that allowing naive users to generate uncontrolled wannabe-XML documents is not really a viable idea.

Is there a list of Unicode characters that can be used in Acrobat bookmarks?

I can add Greek characters to Acrobat bookmarks using hexadecimal strings. For example, to print a lower case gamma symbol I use <FEFF03B3>. FEFF is the required Unicode flag and 03B3 is the Unicode code for gamma. This works fine. However, there are no Unicode entries for greek characters in the PDF 32000-1:2008 PDF Specification manual. Table D.2 - PDFDocEncoding Character Set on page 656 lists Unicode characters and these also work when added to bookmarks but no Greek codes are in this table. Since I can sucessfully use Greek Unicode characters in the range of 0x0391 - 0x03CE and these characters are not listed in the PDF manual I am assuming there are additional Unicode character that will work in bookmarks. Therefore, I am looking for a complete list of Unicode characters that can be used in Acrobat's bookmarks. Does such a list exist?

Thank you for the response.
I'm sorry to hear there is no list available. I'm building the Acrobat bookmarks automatically. The input data contains entity codings (for example, a lower case Greek gamma is coded as γ) and I was hoping to be able to just pass these through with an automatic conversion to a hexadecimal string (for example <FEFF03B3>). If I had a list of valid Unicode characters, that will display in an Acrobat bookmark, I could validate each entity before the conversion and catch the ones that won't display correctly. I know these types of characters are out there because I have already come across them. For example, a superscript 5 (0x2075) displays fine in MSWord but shows as a white box in a bookmark. Now I'll need to proof the output PDFs and look for white boxes in the bookmarks so that I can build my list of unicode characters that do not work in Acrobat bookmarks.
Again, thanks for your help.

A portable interpretable object code expressed as Unicode characters

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