Abap memory question

hi,guys,i did a example to test the difference between sap memory and abap memory,the result that i did program zmemory1 is : 1111  2223,
but the question is when i did program zmemory2 alone,the result is the same,why i can get test2 with
import statement in different session,below is my code,
thxs in advance!
REPORT  zmemory1.
DATA : test1(10) TYPE c,
       test2(10) TYPE c.
test1 = '1111'.
test2 = '2223'.
FREE MEMORY ID 'TEST2'.
SET PARAMETER ID 'TEST1' FIELD test1.
EXPORT test2 TO MEMORY ID 'TEST2'.
CALL TRANSACTION 'ZMEMORY2'.
REPORT  zmemory2.
DATA: test1(10) TYPE c,
      test2(10) TYPE c.
GET PARAMETER ID 'TEST1' FIELD test1 .
IMPORT test2 FROM MEMORY ID 'TEST2'.
WRITE:/ test1,test2.

Hello Kevin,
You can retest the whole thing again.
Execute your program ZMEMORY_1 in which you have chosen EXPORT TO MEMORY-ID -> This will store the value you want to, to a memory space created by name as specified by you.
Execute your Program ZMEMORY_2 in which you have chosen IMPORT FROM MEMORY-ID -> This will get the value you have stored in the memory ID.
In the case you execute the program separately you will not be able to get the value you have stored in memory.
In case you have executed/submitted the program ZMEMORY_2 in program ZMEMORY_1 you will be able to get the values stored in the memory ID.
Please note that Garbage Collector collects/clears the memory as soon as session is ended. May be in some case it would not have been triggred before the execution of the program, I am taking a case on my assumption but generally it does not happens and Garbage Collector does it job well :-).
Hope this helps.
Thanks,
Jayant

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    Deepti
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    Kishore
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    Deepti
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    It's checks program execution time in microseconds. When you go to se30.if you give desired program name in performance file. It will take you to below screen. You can get how much past is your program.
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    3) How to transfer the objects? Have you transferred any objects?
    4) How did you test the developed objects?
    I was testing a developed object. There are two types of testing
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    - Positive testing
    In negative testing we will give negative data in input and we check any errors occurs.
    In positive testing we will give positive data in input for checking errors.
    8) How did you handle errors in Call Transaction?
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    - Message id
    - Message Number
    - Variable1
    - Variable2
    - Variable3
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    19) What are the output type and Tcodes?
    20) Where we use Chain and End chain?
    21) Do you use select statement in loop end loop, how will be the performance? To improve the performance?
    22) In select-options, how to get the default values as current month first date and last date by default?
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    4. Describe data classes.- Master data: It is the data which is seldomly changed. Transaction data: It is the data which is often changed. Organization data: It is a customizing data which is entered in the system when the system is configured and is then rarely changed. System data:It is the data which R/3 system needs for itself.
    5. What are indexes?- Indexes are described as a copy of a database table reduced to specific fields. This data exists in sorted form. This sorting form ease fast access to the field of the tables. In order that other fields are also read, a pointer to the associated record of the actual table are included in the index. Yhe indexes are activated along with the table and are created automatically with it in the database.
    6. Difference between transparent tables and pooled tables.- Transparent tables: Transparent tables in the dictionary has a one-to-one relation with the table in database. Its structure corresponds to single database field. Table in the database has the same name as in the dictionary. Transparent table holds application data. Pooled tables. Pooled tables in the dictionary has a many-to-one relation with the table in database. Table in the database has the different name as in the dictionary. Pooled table are stored in table pool at the database level.
    7. What is an ABAP/4 Query?- ABAP/4 Query is a powerful tool to generate simple reports without any coding. ABAP/4 Query can generate the following 3 simple reports: Basic List: It is the simple reports. Statistics: Reports with statistical functions like Average, Percentages. Ranked Lists: For analytical reports. - For creating a ABAP/4 Query, programmer has to create user group and a functional group. Functional group can be created using with or without logical database table. Finally, assign user group to functional group. Finally, create a query on the functional group generated.
    8. What is BDC programming?- Transferring of large/external/legacy data into SAP system using Batch Input programming. Batch input is a automatic procedure referred to as BDC(Batch Data Communications).The central component of the transfer is a queue file which receives the data vie a batch input programs and groups associated data into “sessions”.
    9. What are the functional modules used in sequence in BDC?- These are the 3 functional modules which are used in a sequence to perform a data transfer successfully using BDC programming: BDC_OPEN_GROUP - Parameters like Name of the client, sessions and user name are specified in this functional modules. BDC_INSERT - It is used to insert the data for one transaction into a session. BDC_CLOSE_GROUP - This is used to close the batch input session.
    10. What are internal tables?- Internal tables are a standard data type object which exists only during the runtime of the program. They are used to perform table calculations on subsets of database tables and for re-organising the contents of database tables according to users need.
    11. What is ITS? What are the merits of ITS?- ITS is a Internet Transaction Server. ITS forms an interface between HTTP server and R/3 system, which converts screen provided data by the R/3 system into HTML documents and vice-versa. Merits of ITS: A complete web transaction can be developed and tested in R/3 system. All transaction components, including those used by the ITS outside the R/3 system at runtime, can be stored in the R/3 system. The advantage of automatic language processing in the R/3 system can be utilized to language-dependent HTML documents at runtime.
    12. What is DynPro?- DynPro is a Dynamic Programming which is a combination of screen and the associated flow logic Screen is also called as DynPro.
    13. What are screen painter and menu painter?- Screen painter: Screen painter is a tool to design and maintain screen and its elements. It allows user to create GUI screens for the transactions. Attributes, layout, filed attributes and flow logic are the elements of Screen painter. Menu painter: Menu painter is a tool to design the interface components. Status, menu bars, menu lists, F-key settings, functions and titles are the components of Menu painters. Screen painter and menu painter both are the graphical interface of an ABAP/4 applications.
    14. What are the components of SAP scripts?- SAP scripts is a word processing tool of SAP which has the following components: Standard text. It is like a standard normal documents. Layout sets. - Layout set consists of the following components: Windows and pages, Paragraph formats, Character formats. Creating forms in the R/3 system. Every layout set consists of Header, paragraph, and character string. ABAP/4 program.
    15. What is ALV programming in ABAP? When is this grid used in ABAP?- ALV is Application List viewer. Sap provides a set of ALV (ABAP LIST VIEWER) function modules which can be put into use to embellish the output of a report. This set of ALV functions is used to enhance the readability and functionality of any report output. Cases arise in sap when the output of a report contains columns extending more than 255 characters in length. In such cases, this set of ALV functions can help choose selected columns and arrange the different columns from a report output and also save different variants for report display. This is a very efficient tool for dynamically sorting and arranging the columns from a report output. The report output can contain up to 90 columns in the display with the wide array of display options.
    16. What are the events in ABAP/4 language?- Initialization, At selection-screen, Start-of-selection, end-of-selection, top-of-page, end-of-page, At line-selection, At user-command, At PF, Get, At New, At LAST, AT END, AT FIRST.
    17. What is CTS and what do you know about it?- The Change and Transport System (CTS) is a tool that helps you to organize development projects in the ABAP Workbench and in Customizing, and then transport the changes between the SAP Systems and clients in your system landscape. This documentation provides you with an overview of how to manage changes with the CTS and essential information on setting up your system and client landscape and deciding on a transport strategy. Read and follow this documentation when planning your development project.
    18. What are logical databases? What are the advantages/ dis-advantages of logical databases?- To read data from a database tables we use logical database. A logical database provides read-only access to a group of related tables to an ABAP/4 program. Advantages: i)check functions which check that user input is complete, correct,and plausible. ii)Meaningful data selection. iii)central authorization checks for database accesses. iv)good read access performance while retaining the hierarchical data view determined by the application logic. dis advantages: i)If you donot specify a logical database in the program attributes,the GET events never occur. ii)There is no ENDGET command,so the code block associated with an event ends with the next event statement (such as another GET or an END-OF-SELECTION).
    19. What is a batch input session?- BATCH INPUT SESSION is an intermediate step between internal table and database table. Data along with the action is stored in session ie data for screen fields, to which screen it is passed, program name behind it, and how next screen is processed.
    20. How to upload data using CATT ?- These are the steps to be followed to Upload data through CATT: Creation of the CATT test case & recording the sample data input. Download of the source file template. Modification of the source file. Upload of the data from the source file.
    21. What is Smart Forms?- Smart Forms allows you to create forms using a graphical design tool with robust functionality, color, and more. Additionally, all new forms developed at SAP will be created with the new Smart Form solution.
    22. How can I make a differentiation between dependent and independent data?- Client dependent or independent transfer requirements include client specific or cross client objects in the change requests. Workbench objects like SAPscripts are client specific, some entries in customizing are client independent. If you display the object list for one change request, and then for each object the object attributes, you will find the flag client specific. If one object in the task list has this flag on, then that transport will be client dependent.
    23. What is the difference between macro and subroutine? - Macros can only be used in the program the are defined in and only after the definition are expanded at compilation / generation. Subroutines (FORM) can be called from both the program the are defined in and other programs . A MACRO is more or less an abbreviation for some lines of code that are used more than once or twice. A FORM is a local subroutine (which can be called external). A FUNCTION is (more or less) a subroutine that is called external. Since debugging a MACRO is not really possible, prevent the use of them (I’ve never used them, but seen them in action). If the subroutine is used only local (called internal) use a FORM. If the subroutine is called external (used by more than one program) use a FUNCTION.
    Please check these links.
    http://www.sap-img.com/abap/abap-interview-question.htm
    http://www.sap-img.com/abap/answers-to-some-abap-interview-questions.htm
    http://sap.ittoolbox.com/documents/document.asp?i=3240
    http://www.techinterviews.com/?p=198
    INTERVIEW
    http://www.4futureengineers.com/tests/abaptest.htm
    http://www.geekinterview.com/Interview-Questions/SAP-R-3/ABAP
    http://www.techinterviews.com/?p=198
    http://www.techinterviews.com/?p=326
    http://www.sap-img.com/abap/answers-to-some-abap-interview-questions.htm
    http://www.sap-img.com/abap/more-than-100-abap-interview-faqs.htm
    http://www.geekinterview.com/Interview-Questions/SAP-R-3/ABAP
    http://sap.ittoolbox.com/documents/popular-q-and-a/abap-sample-interview-questions-3240
    http://www.sap-img.com/abap/abap-interview-question.htm
    http://www.allinterview.com/Interview-Questions/ABAP.html
    Start with this.Refer this
    For BDC:
    http://myweb.dal.ca/hchinni/sap/bdc_home.htm
    https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/wiki?path=/display/home/bdc&
    http://www.sap-img.com/abap/learning-bdc-programming.htm
    http://www.sapdevelopment.co.uk/bdc/bdchome.htm
    http://www.sap-img.com/abap/difference-between-batch-input-and-call-transaction-in-bdc.htm
    http://help.sap.com/saphelp_47x200/helpdata/en/69/c250684ba111d189750000e8322d00/frameset.htm
    http://www.sapbrain.com/TUTORIALS/TECHNICAL/BDC_tutorial.html
    Check these link:
    http://www.sap-img.com/abap/difference-between-batch-input-and-call-transaction-in-bdc.htm
    http://www.sap-img.com/abap/question-about-bdc-program.htm
    http://www.itcserver.com/blog/2006/06/30/batch-input-vs-call-transaction/
    http://www.planetsap.com/bdc_main_page.htm
    call Transaction or session method ?
    http://www.sapbrain.com/FAQs/TECHNICAL/SAP_ABAP_DATADICTIONARY_FAQ.html
    http://www.****************/InterviewQ/interviewQ.htm
    http://help.sap.com/saphelp_46c/helpdata/en/35/2cd77bd7705394e10000009b387c12/frameset.htm
    Reports
    http://www.sapgenie.com/abap/reports.htm
    http://www.allsaplinks.com/material.html
    http://www.sapdevelopment.co.uk/reporting/reportinghome.htm
    http://www.sapfans.com/forums/viewtopic.php?t=58286
    http://www.sapfans.com/forums/viewtopic.php?t=76490
    http://www.sapfans.com/forums/viewtopic.php?t=20591
    http://www.sapfans.com/forums/viewtopic.php?t=66305 - this one discusses which way should you use - ABAP Objects calls or simple function modules.
    ALE/ IDOC
    http://help.sap.com/saphelp_erp2004/helpdata/en/dc/6b835943d711d1893e0000e8323c4f/content.htm
    http://www.sapgenie.com/sapgenie/docs/ale_scenario_development_procedure.doc
    http://edocs.bea.com/elink/adapter/r3/userhtm/ale.htm#1008419
    http://www.netweaverguru.com/EDI/HTML/IDocBook.htm
    http://www.sapgenie.com/sapedi/index.htm
    http://www.sappoint.com/abap/ale.pdf
    http://www.sappoint.com/abap/ale2.pdf
    http://www.sapgenie.com/sapedi/idoc_abap.htm
    http://help.sap.com/saphelp_erp2005/helpdata/en/0b/2a60bb507d11d18ee90000e8366fc2/frameset.htm
    http://help.sap.com/saphelp_erp2005/helpdata/en/78/217da751ce11d189570000e829fbbd/frameset.htm
    http://www.allsaplinks.com/idoc_sample.html
    http://www.sappoint.com/abap.html
    http://help.sap.com/saphelp_erp2004/helpdata/en/dc/6b835943d711d1893e0000e8323c4f/content.htm
    http://www.sapgenie.com/sapgenie/docs/ale_scenario_development_procedure.doc
    http://edocs.bea.com/elink/adapter/r3/userhtm/ale.htm#1008419
    http://www.netweaverguru.com/EDI/HTML/IDocBook.htm
    http://www.sapgenie.com/sapedi/index.htm
    http://www.allsaplinks.com/idoc_sample.html
    Check these step-by-step links
    https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/com.sap.km.cm.docs/library/uuid/ccab6730-0501-0010-ee84-de050a6cc287
    https://sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/com.sap.km.cm.docs/library/uuid/8fd773b3-0301-0010-eabe-82149bcc292e
    https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/com.sap.km.cm.docs/library/uuid/3c5d9ae3-0501-0010-0090-bdfb2d458985
    for Smartforms material
    http://www.sap-basis-abap.com/sapsf001.htm
    http://www.sap-press.com/downloads/h955_preview.pdf
    http://www.ossincorp.com/Black_Box/Black_Box_2.htm
    http://www.sap-img.com/smartforms/sap-smart-forms.htm
    http://www.sap-img.com/smartforms/smartform-tutorial.htm
    http://www.sapgenie.com/abap/smartforms.htm
    How to trace smartform
    http://help.sap.com/saphelp_47x200/helpdata/en/49/c3d8a4a05b11d5b6ef006094192fe3/frameset.htm
    http://www.help.sap.com/bp_presmartformsv1500/DOCU/OVIEW_EN.PDF
    http://www.sap-img.com/smartforms/smart-006.htm
    http://www.sap-img.com/smartforms/smartforms-faq-part-two.htm
    Re: Need FAQ's
    check most imp link
    http://www.sapbrain.com/ARTICLES/TECHNICAL/SMARTFORMS/smartforms.html
    step by step good ex link is....
    http://smoschid.tripod.com/How_to_do_things_in_SAP/How_To_Build_SMARTFORMS/How_To_Build_SMARTFORMS.html
    SAPScripts
    http://esnips.com/doc/1ff9f8e8-0a4c-42a7-8819-6e3ff9e7ab44/sapscripts.pdf
    http://esnips.com/doc/1e487f0c-8009-4ae1-9f9c-c07bd953dbfa/script-command.pdf
    http://esnips.com/doc/64d4eccb-e09b-48e1-9be9-e2818d73f074/faqss.pdf
    http://esnips.com/doc/cb7e39b4-3161-437f-bfc6-21e6a50e1b39/sscript.pdf
    http://esnips.com/doc/fced4d36-ba52-4df9-ab35-b3d194830bbf/symbols-in-scripts.pdf
    http://esnips.com/doc/b57e8989-ccf0-40d0-8992-8183be831030/sapscript-how-to-calculate-totals-and-subtotals.htm
    SAP SCRIPT FIELDS
    http://help.sap.com/saphelp_erp2005vp/helpdata/en/d1/8033ea454211d189710000e8322d00/content.htm
    scripts easy material
    http://www.allsaplinks.com/sap_script_made_easy.html
    Debugging Document.
    http://www.cba.nau.edu/haney-j/CIS497/Assignments/Debugging.doc
    http://help.sap.com/saphelp_47x200/helpdata/en/c6/617ca9e68c11d2b2ab080009b43351/content.htm
    http://www.cba.nau.edu/haney-j/CIS497/Assignments/Debugging.doc
    http://help.sap.com/saphelp_erp2005/helpdata/en/b3/d322540c3beb4ba53795784eebb680/frameset.htm
    http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw04/helpdata/en/84/1f624f4505144199e3d570cf7a9225/frameset.htm
    http://help.sap.com/saphelp_bw30b/helpdata/en/c6/617ca9e68c11d2b2ab080009b43351/content.htm
    http://help.sap.com/saphelp_erp2005/helpdata/en/b3/d322540c3beb4ba53795784eebb680/frameset.htm
    BAPI
    http://help.sap.com/saphelp_46c/helpdata/en/9b/417f07ee2211d1ad14080009b0fb56/frameset.htm
    http://searchsap.techtarget.com/originalContent/0,289142,sid21_gci948835,00.html
    Checkout !!
    http://searchsap.techtarget.com/originalContent/0,289142,sid21_gci948835,00.html
    http://techrepublic.com.com/5100-6329-1051160.html#
    http://www.sap-img.com/bapi.htm
    http://www.sap-img.com/abap/bapi-conventions.htm
    http://www.sappoint.com/abap/bapiintro.pdf
    http://www.sapgenie.com/abap/bapi/example.htm
    http://help.sap.com/printdocu/core/Print46c/en/data/pdf/BCMIDAPII/CABFAAPIINTRO.pdf
    http://help.sap.com/printdocu/core/Print46c/en/data/pdf/CABFABAPIREF/CABFABAPIPG.pdf
    http://help.sap.com/printdocu/core/Print46c/en/data/pdf/BCFESDE8/BCFESDE8.pdf
    List of all BAPIs
    http://www.planetsap.com/LIST_ALL_BAPIs.htm
    http://www.sappoint.com/abap/bapiintro.pdf
    http://www.sappoint.com/abap/bapiprg.pdf
    http://www.sappoint.com/abap/bapiactx.pdf
    http://www.sappoint.com/abap/bapilst.pdf
    http://www.sappoint.com/abap/bapiexer.pdf
    http://service.sap.com/ale
    http://service.sap.com/bapi
    http://www.geocities.com/mpioud/Abap_programs.html
    http://www.sapdevelopment.co.uk/reporting/reportinghome.htm
    Simple ALV report
    http://www.sapgenie.com/abap/controls/alvgrid.htm
    http://wiki.ittoolbox.com/index.php/Code:Ultimate_ALV_table_toolbox
    alv
    http://www.sap-img.com/abap/important-abap-faq.htm
    http://wiki.ittoolbox.com/index.php/FAQ:How_do_I_insert_a_logo_in_ALV_using_Function_Modules%3F
    http://www.sap-img.com/abap/what-is-alv-programming.htm
    http://www.geocities.com/mpioud/Abap_programs.html
    ALV
    1. Please give me general info on ALV.
    http://www.sapfans.com/forums/viewtopic.php?t=58286
    http://www.sapfans.com/forums/viewtopic.php?t=76490
    http://www.sapfans.com/forums/viewtopic.php?t=20591
    http://www.sapfans.com/forums/viewtopic.php?t=66305 - this one discusses which way should you use - ABAP Objects calls or simple function modules.
    2. How do I program double click in ALV?
    http://www.sapfans.com/forums/viewtopic.php?t=11601
    http://www.sapfans.com/forums/viewtopic.php?t=23010
    3. How do I add subtotals (I have problem to add them)...
    http://www.sapfans.com/forums/viewtopic.php?t=20386
    http://www.sapfans.com/forums/viewtopic.php?t=85191
    http://www.sapfans.com/forums/viewtopic.php?t=88401
    http://www.sapfans.com/forums/viewtopic.php?t=17335
    4. How to add list heading like top-of-page in ABAP lists?
    http://www.sapfans.com/forums/viewtopic.php?t=58775
    http://www.sapfans.com/forums/viewtopic.php?t=60550
    http://www.sapfans.com/forums/viewtopic.php?t=16629
    5. How to print page number / total number of pages X/XX in ALV?
    http://www.sapfans.com/forums/viewtopic.php?t=29597 (no direct solution)
    6. ALV printing problems. The favourite is: The first page shows the number of records selected but I don't need this.
    http://www.sapfans.com/forums/viewtopic.php?t=64320
    http://www.sapfans.com/forums/viewtopic.php?t=44477
    7. How can I set the cell color in ALV?
    http://www.sapfans.com/forums/viewtopic.php?t=52107
    8. How do I print a logo/graphics in ALV?
    http://www.sapfans.com/forums/viewtopic.php?t=81149
    http://www.sapfans.com/forums/viewtopic.php?t=35498
    http://www.sapfans.com/forums/viewtopic.php?t=5013
    9. How do I create and use input-enabled fields in ALV?
    http://www.sapfans.com/forums/viewtopic.php?t=84933
    http://www.sapfans.com/forums/viewtopic.php?t=69878
    10. How can I use ALV for reports that are going to be run in background?
    http://www.sapfans.com/forums/viewtopic.php?t=83243
    http://www.sapfans.com/forums/viewtopic.php?t=19224
    11. How can I display an icon in ALV? (Common requirement is traffic light icon).
    http://www.sapfans.com/forums/viewtopic.php?t=79424
    http://www.sapfans.com/forums/viewtopic.php?t=24512
    12. How can I display a checkbox in ALV?
    http://www.sapfans.com/forums/viewtopic.php?t=88376
    http://www.sapfans.com/forums/viewtopic.php?t=40968
    http://www.sapfans.com/forums/viewtopic.php?t=6919
    Go thru these programs they may help u to try on some hands on
    ALV Demo program
    BCALV_DEMO_HTML
    BCALV_FULLSCREEN_DEMO ALV Demo: Fullscreen Mode
    BCALV_FULLSCREEN_DEMO_CLASSIC ALV demo: Fullscreen mode
    BCALV_GRID_DEMO Simple ALV Control Call Demo Program
    BCALV_TREE_DEMO Demo for ALV tree control
    BCALV_TREE_SIMPLE_DEMO
    BC_ALV_DEMO_HTML_D0100
    Remote Function Call:
    RFC is an SAP interface protocol. Based on CPI-C, it considerably simplifies the programming of communication processes between systems.
    RFCs enable you to call and execute predefined functions in a remote system - or even in the same system.
    RFCs manage the communication process, parameter transfer and error handling.
    http://help.sap.com/saphelp_47x200/helpdata/en/22/042860488911d189490000e829fbbd/frameset.htm.
    ALE/ IDOC
    http://help.sap.com/saphelp_erp2004/helpdata/en/dc/6b835943d711d1893e0000e8323c4f/content.htm
    http://www.sapgenie.com/sapgenie/docs/ale_scenario_development_procedure.doc
    http://edocs.bea.com/elink/adapter/r3/userhtm/ale.htm#1008419
    http://www.netweaverguru.com/EDI/HTML/IDocBook.htm
    http://www.sapgenie.com/sapedi/index.htm
    http://www.sappoint.com/abap/ale.pdf
    http://www.sappoint.com/abap/ale2.pdf
    http://www.sapgenie.com/sapedi/idoc_abap.htm
    http://help.sap.com/sap

  • Memory question on Arch x86_64. 2x2048 MB = 3950 MB?

    I have a naive memory question for some knowledgeable folks.  My machine has 2x2 Gb sticks which should total to 4096.  When I do a free -m under Arch, it's only showing 3950.  Is the remaining 146 reserved or..?
    $ free -m
    total used free shared buffers cached
    Mem: 3950 422 3528 0 28 157
    -/+ buffers/cache: 236 3714
    Swap: 2000 0 2000

    Thats a really good question and the result you get is normal as far as I know.
    Part of it (a small part I believe) is used by the kernel, the rest of it, and this is where things are not so clear, is reserved as an agp apperture.
    As far as I could tell (I have stumbled uppon that too) the problem seems to be that some bioses don't setup everything as they should.
    The thing is that some devices can only handle 32bit addresses so their address is somewhere until the 4GB mark, because the bios doesn't setup the memory remapping correctly (sometimes the user has no way set anything related to memory remapping, this seems to be the case with some desktop boards and most notebooks/laptops). This memory remapping "problem" was anticipated and there are ways to properly handle that.
    For some reason unknown to me (and most people that have stumbled upon this) many bioses don't setup (or allow the setup) of proper remapping. To add to the problem the kernel seems to reserve 128MB of agp aperture by default even if you don't have an agp card, this reserved address space falls in the first 4GB of addressing space therefore stealing you some memory.
    I have tried to regain those MB, I have tried to recompile the kernel with a different config and I've tried several kernel boot parameters and the only thing I could regain was 64MB if I recall correctly. I can't find now what I have added to regain those 64MB, I didn't keep that option in the kernel line, 64MB were not worth the possibility of having problems later on.
    I know its a pain to have that voice in the back of your head telling you that there is some memory that is being wasted, specially if you have tried a 32bit kernel with support for 64GB of address space and got 4050 MB of usable memory, but just leave it as it is, it's not worth the time and the trouble.

  • Memory Question "4x1 Gig or 2x2 Gig?" what is faster?

    Memory Question "*4x1 Gig or 2x2 Gig*?" what is faster?
    I'm still don't know if witch to choose?
    4 times 1 gigabyte Ram Memory is cheaper but if I choose for 2 times 2 GB Ram I can always beef it it later.
    And is my memory faster if I'm using 4 slots with 1 gig over 2 slot with 2 gig?
    I'm asking this question because I think using 4 times the memory bandwidth will be faster?
    http://www.janmaartendewit.com

    Hello Jan
    Welcome to Apple Discussions
    The iMac (Late 2009): Installing or replacing memory article and your User's Guide are pretty clear, they both say that +"You can use 2 GB or 4 GB RAM SO-DIMMs of 1066MHz DDR3 SDRAM in each slot."+ and not 1GB modules. > http://support.apple.com/kb/HT3918
    To upgrade your ram you will want at least 2 more 2 or 4GB modules and add that to the current 2 x 2GB of ram. > http://eshop.macsales.com/shop/memory/iMac/DDR321.527
    Dennis

  • How to use abap memory in global class

    Hi experts,
                     I want to  know how to use abap memory in global class. when i try write export and import statement its showing
    error is export statement does not support in object oriented concept.
    Thanks
    Ramesh Manoharan

    Hi Ramesh,
    Export and import statements were not allowed to use in  classes. Create a global variable in public section of that class of type of  export parameter.Then pass value to the global variable of class  by calling that class.
    by
    Prasad GVK.

  • Problem in ABAP memory

    Hi Experts,
    This is problem about ABAP memory.
    I have two programs. Program-A & Program-B
    Program-A sets value to variable and EXPORT command is used to set this variable in memory.
    EXPORT variable TO DATABASE indx(st) ID 'KEYVALUE'.
    Program-B gets variable using IMPORT command from memory.
    IMPORT variable FROM DATABASE indx(st) ID 'KEYVALUE'.
    User runs Program-A in SE38. Program-A calls Program-B using a button click event (SUBMIT).
    The scenario is..
    User1 executes the Program-A,
    which set the variable = User1 in memory.
    User2 executes the Program-A,
    which set the variable = User2 in memory.
    User2 clicks button to call Program-B,
    which imports variable = User2 from memory.
    User1 clicks button to call Program-B,
    which imports variable = User2 from memory.
    (But User1 expects the variable = User1).
    So User1 gets wrong variable value set by another User.
    How to handle this situation?. How to set memory variables user specific? I will appriciate all helpful answers.
    Thanks in advance
    Hari.

    What you are using is global memory, if you don't want other sessions to see it, then you have to use a memeory id instead.  This will work when submittin program b using the SUBMIT statement.
    export variable to memory id 'ZRICHTEST'.
    import variable from memory id 'ZRICHTEST'.
    Or you can simply make your KEYVALUE unique by giving the USERID as part of it.
    Regards,
    Rich Heilman

  • Examples for SAP Memory and ABAP Memory

    Hi all,
        can u give me one example of sap memory and abap memory.
                                              Ranjith

    Hi,
    <b>SAP Memory</b>
    SAP memory is a memory area to which all main sessions within a SAPgui have access. You can use SAP memory either to pass data from one program to another within a session, or to pass data from one session to another. Application programs that use SAP memory must do so using SPA/GPA parameters (also known as SET/GET parameters). These parameters can be set either for a particular user or for a particular program at the time of logon using the SET PARAMETER statement. Other ABAP programs can then retrieve the set parameters using the GET PARAMETER statement. The most frequent use of SPA/GPA parameters is to fill input fields on screens .
    <b>example:</b>
    ABAP programs can access the parameters using the SET PARAMETER and GET PARAMETERstatements.
    To fill one, use:
    SET PARAMETER ID pid FIELD f
    This statement saves the contents of field f under the ID pid in the SAP memory. The ID pid can be up to 20 characters long. If there was already a value stored under pid, this statement overwrites it. If you double-click pid in the ABAP Editor, parameters that do not exist can be created as a Repository object.
    To read an SPA/GPA parameter, use:
    GET PARAMETER ID pid FIELD f.
    This statement places the value stored under the pid ID into the variable f. If the system does not find any value for pid in the SAP memory, sy-subrc is set to 4. Otherwise, it sets the value to 0.
    <b>ABAP Memory</b>
    ABAP memory is a memory area that all ABAP programs within the same internal session can access using the EXPORT and IMPORT statements. Data within this memory area remains throughout a sequence of program calls, with the exception of LEAVE TO TRANSACTION. To pass data to a program that you are calling, the data needs to be placed in ABAP memory before the call is made from the internal calling session using the EXPORT statement. The internal session of the called program then replaces that of the calling program. The program called can then read from the ABAP memory using the IMPORT statement. If control is then returned to the program that made the initial call, the same procedure operates in reverse.If a transaction is called using LEAVE TO TRANSACTION, the ABAP memory and the call stack are deleted. They cannot be used for data transfer.
    Since objects belonging to ABAP objects can only be accessed within an internal session, it does not make sense and is therefore forbidden (from a syntax point of view) to pass a reference to an object to a calling program through the ABAP memory.
    <b>Example:</b>
    Export hello to memory id 'Hello_world'.
    Import hello from memory id 'Hello_world'
    Regards
    Sudheer

  • ABAP MEMORY for Import

    Hi
    Please let me know how can i find the memory id name and from where for ABAP Memory .
    For ex : IMPORT IM_EKPO-KNTTP FROM MEMORY ID 'EKPO_MO'
    In the obove statement where can i find that this 'EKPO_MO' is memeory id  ??
    << Moderator message - Everyone's problem is important. But the answers in the forum are provided by volunteers. Please do not ask for help quickly. >>
    If in Export where to find that export ?
    Edited by: Rob Burbank on Oct 24, 2011 12:17 PM

    Hi
    You can't find it...you can see it in the debug (there's a session showing all parameters set in the memory.
    Of course if there's a IMPORT, there is an EXPORT but it can be very hard to konw where it's done,
    - EKPO_MO is a label to assign to a part of memory, but it's created at runtime.
    You can suppse it should be another program where the export is done, in generally it doesn't make a sense to use import/export from/to memory in the same report: this statament is usually used to transfer some data between several programms
    Max

  • Wht doe memory id means abap memory?

    hi
    can any one eloborate me on teh bleow code wht does it means and from where the value of wa_quantiy coming from memory id????
    import wa_quantity ( a internal table) in to wa_quantity( internal table) from memory id 'wa_quantity'.
    regards
    Arora

    Nishanth,
    To put it in simple: "When ever we need to pass values from one session memory to another session memory we use IMPORT and EXPORT parameters."
    By doing this we import value to ABAP memory and Exporting the same from ABAP memory in other sesion. In short ABAP memory is global. Session memory is local .
    Example : Suppose wa_quantity is an internal table in one program (say Zprog1) and you are want to use it in another program (say Zprog2) so this internal table will not be available for this program.
    What we need to do.
    Export wa_quantity from wa_quantity to memory id MID1.
    here - Export <same name you need to use in p1> from <name of itab in prg1> to <unique id>
    In program 2 : you need to
    IMPORT wa_quantity from wa_quantity  from meory id MID1.
    You need to have same internal table structure in both programs.
    All the very best to you.
    - Mohan.

  • How we can see the abap memory data

    How we can see the abap-memory data
    fine the code below
    import lsind
             report_title
             table_name
             report_field
             change_display
             show_hide
             conversion_exits
             table_description
             form_program
             select_form
             update_form
             line_size
             line_count
             records[]
             fields[]
             header_fields[]
             select_fields[]
             xrep[]
             from memory id 'LZUT5U11'.
    Regards
    santhosh
    mail-id : [email protected]

    Dear Santosh,
    ABAP MEMORY:
    A logical memory model illustrates how the main memory is distributed from the view of executable programs. A distinction is made here between external sessions and internal sessions .
    An external session is usually linked to an R/3 window. You can create an external session by choosing System/Create session, or by entering /o in the command field. An external session is broken down further into internal sessions. Program data is only visible within an internal session. Each external session can include up to 20 internal sessions (stacks).
    Every program you start runs in an internal session.
    All "squares" with rounded "corners" displayed in the status diagram represent a set of data objects in the main memory.
    The data in the main memory is only visible to the program concerned.
    CALL TRANSACTION and SUBMIT AND RETURN open a new internal session that forms a new program context. The internal sessions in an external session form a memory stack. The new session is added to the top of the stack.
    When a program has finished running, the top internal session in the stack is removed, and the calling program resumes processing.
    The same occurs when the system processes a LEAVE PROGRAM statement.
    LEAVE TO TRANSACTION removes all internal sessions from the stack and opens a new one containing the program context of the calling program.
    The ABAP memory is initialized after the program is called. In other words, you cannot transfer any data to a program called with LEAVE TO TRANSACTION via the ABAP memory.
    SUBMIT replaces the internal session of the program performing the call with the internal session of the program that has been called. The new internal session contains the program context of the called program with which it is performed.
    When a function module is called, the following steps are executed:
    A check is made to establish whether your program has called a function module of the same function group previously.
    If this is not the case, the system loads the associated function group to the internal session of the calling program as an additional program group. This initializes its global data.
    If your program used a function module of the same function group before the current call, the function module that you have called up at present can access the global data of the function group. The function group is not reloaded.
    Within the internal session, all of the function modules that you call from the same group access the global data of that group.
    If, in a new internal session, you call a function module from the same function group as in internal session 1, a new set of global data is initialized for the second internal session. This means that the data accessed by function modules called in session 2 may be different from that accessed by the function modules in session 1.
    You can call function modules asynchronously as well as synchronously. To do so, you must extend the function module call using the addition STARTING NEW TASK ''. Here, '' is a symbolic name in the calling program that identifies the external session, in which the called program is executed.
    Function modules that you call using the addition STARTING NEW TASK '' are executed independently of the calling program. The calling program is not interrupted.
    To make function modules available for local asynchronous calls, you must identify them as executable remotely (processing type: Remote-enabled module).
    There are various ways of transferring data between programs that are running in different program contexts (internal sessions). You can use:
    (1) The interface of the called program (standard selection screen, or interface of a
    subroutine, function module, or dialog module)
    (2) ABAP memory
    (3) SAP memory
    (4) Database tables
    (5) Local files on your presentation server.
    For further information about transferring data between an ABAP program and your presentation server, refer to the documentation for the function modules WS_UPLOAD and WS_DOWNLOAD.
    Function modules have an interface, which you can use to pass data between the calling program and the function module itself (there is also a comparable mechanism for ABAP subroutines). If a function module supports RFC, certain restrictions apply to its interface.
    If you are calling an ABAP program that has a standard selection screen, you can pass values to the input fields. There are two options here:
    By using a variant of the standard selection screen in the program call
    By passing actual values for the input fields in the program call
    If you want to call a report program without displaying its selection screen (default setting), but still want to pass values to its input fields, there is a variety of techniques that you can use.
    The WITH addition allows you to assign values to the parameters and select-options fields on the standard selection screen.
    If the selection screen is to be displayed when the program is called, use the addition: VIA SELECTION-SCREEN.
    Use the pattern button in the ABAP Editor to insert a program call via SUBMIT. The structure shows you the names of data objects that you can complete with the standard selection screen.
    For further information on working with variants and further syntax variants for the WITH addition, see the key word documentation in the ABAP Editor for SUBMIT.
    You can use SAP memory and ABAP memory to pass data between different programs.
    The SAP memory is a user-specific memory area for storing field values. It is available in all of the open sessions in a user's terminal session, and is reset when the terminal session ends. You can use its contents as default values for screen fields. All external sessions can access SAP memory. This means that it is only of limited use for passing data between internal sessions.
    The ABAP memory is also user-specific, and is local to each external session. You can use it to pass any ABAP variables (fields, structures, internal tables, complex objects) between the internal sessions of a single external session.
    Each external session has its own ABAP memory. When you end an external session (/i in the command field), the corresponding ABAP memory is released automatically.
    To copy a set of ABAP variables and their current values (data cluster) to the ABAP memory, use the EXPORT TO MEMORY ID statement. The (up to 32 characters) is used to identify the different data clusters.
    If you repeat an EXPORT TO MEMORY ID statement to an existing data cluster, the new data overwrites the old.
    To copy data from ABAP memory to the corresponding fields of an ABAP program, use the IMPORT FROM MEMORY ID statement.
    The fields, structures, internal tables, and complex objects in a data cluster in ABAP memory must be declared identically in both the program from which you exported the data and the program into which you import it.
    To release a data cluster, use the FREE MEMORY ID statement.
    You can import just parts of a data cluster with IMPORT, since the objects are named in the cluster.
    In the SAP memory, you can define memory areas (SET/GET parameters, or parameter IDs), which you can then address by a name of up to 20 characters.
    You can fill these memory areas either using the contents of input/output fields on screens, or using the ABAP statement:
    SET PARAMETER ID '' FIELD .
    The memory area with the name now has the value .
    You can use the contents of a memory area to display a default value in an input field on a screen.
    You can also read the memory areas from the SAP memory using the ABAP statement GET PARAMETER ID FIELD . The field then contains the value from parameter .
    The link between an input/output field and a memory area in SAP memory is inherited from the data element on which the field is based. You can enable the set parameter or get parameter attributes in the input/output field attributes.
    Once you have set the Set parameter attribute for an input/output field, you can fill it with default values from SAP memory. This is particularly useful for transactions that you call from another program without displaying the initial screen. For this purpose, you must activate the Set parameter functionality for the input fields of the first screen of the transaction.
    You can:
    (1) Copy the data that is to be used for the first screen of the transaction to be called to the parameter ID in the SAP memory. To do so, use the statement SET PARAMETER immediately before calling the transaction.
    (2) Start the transaction using CALL TRANSACTION or LEAVE TO
    TRANSACTION . If you do not want to display the initial screen, use the AND
    SKIP FIRST SCREEN addition.
    (3) The system program that starts the transaction fills the input fields that do not already have default values and for which the Get parameter attribute has been set with values from SAP memory.
    The Technical information for the input fields in the transaction you want to call contains the names of the parameter IDs that you need to use.
    Parameter IDs should be entered in table TPARA. This happens automatically if you create them via the Object navigator.
    Programs that you call using the statements SUBMIT , LEAVE TO TRANSACTION , SUBMIT AND RETURN, or CALL TRANSACTION run in their own SAP LUW, and update requests receive their own update key.
    When you use SUBMIT and LEAVE TO TRANSACTION , the SAP LUW of the calling program ends. If no COMMIT WORK statement occurred before the program call, the update requests in the log table remain incomplete and cannot be processed. They can no longer be executed. The same applies to inline changes that you make using PERFORM &#8230; ON COMMIT.
    Data that you have written to the database using inline changes is committed the next time a new screen is displayed.
    If you use SUBMIT AND RETURN or CALL TRANSACTION to insert a program and then return to the calling program, the SAP LUW of the calling program is resumed when the called program ends. The LUW processing of calling and called programs is independent.
    In other words, inline changes are committed the next time a new screen is displayed. Update requests and calls using PERFORM ... ON COMMIT require an independent COMMIT WORK statement in the SAP LUW in which they are running.
    Function modules run in the same SAP LUW as the program that calls them.
    If you call transactions with nested calls, each transaction needs its own COMMIT WORK, since each transaction maps its own SAP LUW.
    The same applies to calling executable programs, which are called using SUBMIT AND RETURN.
    The statement CALL TRANSACTION allows you to
    Shorten the user dialog when calling using CALL TRANSACTION USING .
    Determine the type of update (asynchronous, local, or synchronous) for the transaction called. For this purpose, use the addition CALL TRANSACTION USING UPDATE 'update_mode', where update_mode can have the values a (asynchronous), L (local), or S (synchronous).
    Combining the two options enables you to call several transactions in sequence (logical chain), to reduce their screen sequence, and to postpone processing of the SAP LUW 2 until processing of the SAP LUW 1 has been completed.
    When you call a function module asynchronously using the CALL FUNCTION STARTING NEW TASK ' ' statement, it runs in its own SAP LUW.
    Programs that are executed with a SUBMIT AND RETURN or CALL
    TRANSACTION statement starts their own LUW processing. You can use these to perform nested (complex) LUW processing.
    You can use function modules as modularization units within an SAP LUW.
    Function modules that are called asynchronously are suitable for programs that allow parallel processing of some of their components.
    All techniques are suitable for including programs with purely display functions.
    Note that a function module called with CALL FUNCTION STARTING NEW TASK is executed as a new logon. It, therefore, sees a separate SAP memory area. You can use the interface of the function module for data transfers.
    Example: In your program, you want to call a display transaction that is displayed in a separate window (amodal). To do so, you encapsulate the transaction call in a function module, which you set as to Remote-enabled module. You use the function module interface to accept values that you write to the SAP memory. You then call up the transaction in the function module using CALL TRANSACTION AND SKIP FIRST SCREEN. You call the function module itself asynchronously.
    Type &#8216;E' locks for nested program calls may be requested more than once from the same object. This behavior can be described as follows:
    Lock entries from function modules called synchronously increment the cumulative counter, And are therefore successful.
    Lock entries from programs called with CALL TRANSACTION or SUBMIT
    AND
    RETURN is refused. The object to be locked by the called program is displayed as already Locked by another user.
    Programs that you call using SUBMIT or LEAVE TO TRANSACTION cannot come into conflict with lock entries from the calling program, since the old program ends when the call is made. When a program ends, the system deletes all of the lock entries that it had set.
    Lock requests belonging to the same user from different R/3 windows or logons are treated as lock requests from other users.
    Regards,
    Rajesh.
    Please reward points if found helpful.

  • ABAP Memory (EXPORT/IMPORT) - Performance Issue

    Performance wise, is it a good idea to use ABAP memory to export and import data between programs?
    Thanks in advance,
    JT

    IMHO is you EXPORT/IMPORT a couple of variable...Your not going get any performance issues....So go ahead -:)
    Greetings,
    Blag.

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