ABAP Program enhancement

Hi Experts,
As i am not familiar with data types please update me...
I am using the below logic to calculacte years & months between 2 dates and save the result in YY.MM format.
The FM i am using will give years & months between 2 given dates.
My requirment is to save result in YY.MM format.
The code is working correctly...i need a minor enhancement to code
Currently if years are 8 and months are 8 the out put will be 8.08 but i want it in YY.MM format which is 08.08
I want to add a leading 0 if years <10
Please update
DATA: years TYPE tfmatage,
          months TYPE tfmatage.
    DATA: l_res TYPE p decimals 2 .
    IF NOT SOURCE_FIELDS-/bic/zdob IS INITIAL.
    CALL FUNCTION 'FIMA_DAYS_AND_MONTHS_AND_YEARS'
        EXPORTING
          I_DATE_FROM          = SOURCE_FIELDS-/bic/zdob
          I_DATE_TO            = sy-datum
          I_FLG_SEPARATE       = 'X'
        IMPORTING
        E_DAYS               =
          E_MONTHS             = months
          E_YEARS              = years.
l_res = years + months / 100.
WRITE l_res TO RESULT.
ENDIF.
WRITE / RESULT.

Hi,
you could do like this:
REPORT  zhabitest4.
PARAMETER:
  p_datum LIKE sy-datum.
DATA:
  result(20).
DATA: years TYPE tfmatage,
months TYPE tfmatage,
y_num(4) TYPE n,
m_num(2) TYPE n.
DATA: l_res TYPE p DECIMALS 2 .
IF NOT p_datum IS INITIAL.
  CALL FUNCTION 'FIMA_DAYS_AND_MONTHS_AND_YEARS'
    EXPORTING
      i_date_from    = p_datum
      i_date_to      = sy-datum
      i_flg_separate = 'X'
    IMPORTING
     e_days         =
      e_months       = months
      e_years        = years.
l_res = years + months / 100.
WRITE l_res TO result.
  y_num = years.
  m_num = months.
  CONCATENATE y_num+2(2) '.' m_num INTO result.
ENDIF.
WRITE / result.
regards
Walter Habich

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    CO     Controlling Module
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    SD     Sales & Distribution
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    EBP     EBP
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    PAP     Synpro: COPA
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    DS      APO : Production Planning & Detailed Scheduling
    AT     APO : Global ATP
    TP     APO : Transportation Planning/Vehicle Scheduling
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    Dev. Class     Description
    ZFI_AR     FI: Account Receivables
    ZCO_CCA     CO: Cost Center Accounting
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    1.     Replace <ffff> with meaningful text
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    1.     Replace <ffff> with meaningful text
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    Input field:     if_fffff
    Button:     b_fffff
    Text Edit:     te_fffff
    Text View:     tv_fffff
    Radio button Group:     rbg_fffff
    Radio button:     rb_fffff
    Check Box Group:     cbg_fffff
    Check Box     cb_fffff
    Tray     tr_fffff
    Tabstrip     ts_fffff
    Tableview      tab_fffff
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    Notes :
    1.   Replace <mm> with module codes given in section 2.1.1 above.
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    Notes :
    1.     Replace <ffff> with meaningful text ..
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    1.Replace <ffff> with meaningful text as illustrated in examples below.
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    Notes:
    1.     Replace <mm> with relevant module code as given above
    2.     Replace <ffff> with meaningful text.
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    Naming Convention: LZ<Function Group><Inn>.
    Notes:
    1.     All includes of Function Group program will be prefixed by LZ, followed by the Function Group name
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    LZMMPURCHASINGO01     ZMMPURCHASING     F.Group-Purchasing: PBO
    LZMMPURCHASINGI01     ZMMPURCHASING     F.Group-Purchasing: PAI
    LZMMPURCHASINGF01     ZMMPURCHASING     F.Group-Purchasing: Forms
    LZMMPURCHASINGTOP     ZMMPURCHASING     F.Group-Purchasing: Data Declarations
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    1.     Replace <mm> with relevant module code as given above.
    2.     Replace <ffff> with meaningful text.
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    Structures:      ZS<mm><ffff>
    Views:      ZV<mm><ffff>
    Data Element:      ZDE<mm><ffff>
    Domain:      ZDO<mm><ffff>
    Table Type:      ZTT<mm><ffff>
    Type Group:      Z<ffff>
    Search Help:      ZSH<mm><ffff>
    Lock Object:      EZ<mm><ffff>
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    2.     Replace <ffff> with meaningful text.
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    1.     IM: Implementation Class;
    DF: Definition Class
    BSPCO: BSP Controller class
    BSPHN: BSP Handler class
    BADI : BADI implementation
    2.     Replace <ffff> with meaningful text: In case of Implementation classes, it should preferably be the same as that of the Definition Class
    3.     Example:
    IMPLEMENTATION Class: ZCL_IM_REBATE_SETTL
    DEFINITION: ZCL_DF_REBATE_SETTL
    2.2.14     BOR Object Types
    Object     Convention     Example
    Supertype     Z<ffff>     ZLVAPPL
    SubType     Z<SuperType><nn>     ZZLVAPPL01
    Program     <Subtype>     ZZLVAPPL01
    1.     Replace <nn> with a running 2 digit serial Number
    2.     Replace <ffff> with meaningful text
    2.2.15     Screen / Transaction Variants
    Naming Convention: <tcode>_<ffff>
    Where:
    1.     Replace <tcode> with the t-code that will be assigned to this Variant
    2.     Replace ffff with a meaningful text
    E.g.:
    For an SE16 variant for table KONA that will be used by T-Code Z_CH_SD_001:
    Z_CH_SD_001_KONA
    2.2.16     Area Menu
    Naming Convention: Z<mm>_<Main Menu>_<Sub Menu>…<ffff>
    Where:
    1.     Replace <mm> with the Module code
    2.     Followed by the hierarchical position of the immediate parent of this Area Menu
    3.     Followed by a Meaningful text for this Menu
    E.g.:
    ZSD
    ZSD_TAB
    ZSD_TAB_VIEW
    ZSD_TAB_UPDT
    Notes:
    1.     Clusters of Transactions should be introduced as Sub-Menus rather than as Folders
    2.     As a gradual process, the current Clusters that exist as Folders should also be replaced with Sub-Menus
    2.3     Naming of Sub-Objects
    2.3.1     Program Sub-Objects
    Naming of all the internal components of a program will be consistent across the project.
    Naming Convention: <Prefix>ffff.
    Notes:
    1.     Replace <Prefix> with the component prefix values given in the table below.
    Program Component     Prefixed by
    Program Constants     C_
    Global Variables     W_
    Types Definition     T_
    Global Structures     WA_
    Global Internal Tables     I_
    Select-Options     SO_
    Parameters     PO_
    Table Type     TT_
    Field Symbols     FS_
    Ranges     R_
    Local Constants     LC_
    Local Variables     L_
    Local Static Variables     LS_
    Local Internal Tables     LI_
    Local Work Area     LWA_
    Local Range     LR_
    Field Groups     FG_
    Container      CO_
    Macro     MA_
    Important: The Same sequence as above must be followed in the Data declaration part of all the ABAP/4 programs.
    2.3.2     SAP Script /Smartform sub-objects
    Naming of all the internal components of a SAPScript/SmartForm shall follow the same convention as for Programs (2.2.2), with the addition of the Field Label on the FRS. E.g. if the FRS has labeled a field for Sales Order Number as Field 27 on the Layout, the variable name should be W_27_VBELN.
    3.     General Programming Guidelines
    3.1     Modification Logs
    At the top of every ABAP Object Modified by a Developer, there should be a Modification Log Every Line Created/Changed by the developer should be Identifiable by the TR Number.
    ABAP Patterns: Following Patterns should be used for Uniform ModLogs:
    Nature of Change     Pattern to Use
    New Development     ZZNEWPROG
    In-Line Logs     ZZLINE
    Modification Logs at the Top of Object     ZZMODLOG
    3.2     Program Organization
    All the programs will be organized as described below.
    3.2.1     Executable Programs
    TOP Include: For global data declarations
    Form Include: For definition of all the FORMs.
    3.2.2     Dialog Programs
    TOP Include: For global data declarations
    Form Include: For definition of all the FORMs.
    PBO Include: Include for PBO Modules
    PAI Include: Include for PAI Modules
    3.3     Package
    All the related objects within a sub-module of SAP will be developed under a single Package.
    3.3.1     Adding Components to existing objects
    When adding new workbench components to existing Objects, the same Package will be used as has been used for the existing Components
    3.3.2     Creation of New Objects
    When creating new Objects or new Sub-lanscapes, Packages used should have the Naming convention as in Section 2 Above
    3.4     Program Messages
    All the messages within a sub-module of SAP will be grouped under a single Message Class.
    3.4.1     Adding Messages to existing landscapes
    When adding new messages for existing Objects, the same Message Class will be used as has been used for the existing Objects
    3.4.2     Creation of New Objects
    When creating new Objects or new Sub-landscapes, Message classes used should have the Naming convention as in Section 2 Above
    3.5     Dictionary Objects
    Whenever you create a Z table in  system always include MANDT field as the first field, except when the table contains client independent data. Also create the table with attribute Data Class as USER.
    4.     Structure of ABAP Programs
    4.1     Type
    •     When an ABAP program is run, its processing blocks are called. ABAP programs are controlled from outside the program itself by the processors in the current work process. For the purposes of program flow, we can summarize the screen processor and ABAP processor into the ABAP runtime environment. The runtime environment controls screens and ABAP processing blocks. It contains a range of special control patterns that call screens and processing blocks in certain orders. These sections are also called processors. When a ABAP program is run, the control passes between various processors.
    •     In the R/3 System, there are various types of ABAP program. The program type determines the basic technical attributes of the program, and must be set when created. The main difference between the different program types is the way in which the runtime environment calls its processing blocks.
    •     When an application program is run, it must at least call the first processing block from outside the program, that is, from the runtime environment. This processing block can then either call further processing blocks or return control to the runtime environment. When an ABAP program is started, the runtime environment starts a processor (dependent on the program type), which calls the first ABAP processing block.
    •     The following program types are relevant to application programming:
    Type 1
    •     Type 1 programs have the important characteristic that they do not have to be controlled using user-defined screens. Instead, they are controlled by the runtime environment, which calls a series of processing blocks (and selection screens and lists where necessary) in a fixed sequence. User actions on screens can then trigger further processing blocks.
    Type M
    •     The most important technical attribute of a type M program is that it can only be controlled using screen flow logic and run via a transaction code which is linked to the program and one of its screens (initial screen).
    •     ABAP programs with type M contain the dialog modules belonging to the various screens. They are therefore known as module pools.
    Type F
    •     Type F programs are containers for function modules, and cannot be started using a transaction code or by entering their name directly.
    •     Type F programs are known as function groups. Function modules may only be programmed in function groups. The Function Builder is a tool in the ABAP Workbench that is used to create function groups and function modules. Apart from function modules, function groups can contain global data declarations and subroutines. These are visible to all function modules in the group. They can also contain event blocks for screens in function modules.
    Type K
    •     Type K programs are containers for global classes in ABAP Objects. Type K programs are known as class definitions. The Class Builder is a tool in the ABAP Workbench that can be used to create class definitions.     
    Type J
    •     Type J programs are containers for global interface in ABAP Objects. Type J programs are known as interface definitions and are created in the Class Builder.
    Type I
    •     Type I programs - called includes - are a means of dividing up program code into smaller, more manageable units. The coding of an include program can be inserted at any point in another ABAP program using the INCLUDE statement. There is no technical relationship between include programs and processing blocks. Includes are more suitable for logical programming units, such as data declarations, or sets of similar processing blocks. The ABAP Workbench has a mechanism for automatically dividing up module pools and function groups into include programs.
    4.2     Status
    P = SAP standard production program
    K = Customer production program
    S = System program
    T = Test program
    Application
    •     Categorize the program according to the purpose it fulfills.
    4.3     Authority Check
    Authority checks will be carried out as given in the respective FRS’s.
    4.4     Program Structure
    ABAP programs are responsible for data processing within the individual dialog steps (ie. events) of an application program. This means that the program cannot be constructed as a single sequential unit, but must be divided into sections that can be assigned to the individual dialog steps. To meet this requirement, ABAP programs should have a modular structure. Each module is called a processing block. A processing block consists of a set of ABAP statements. When a program is run, effectively a series of processing blocks is called. Therefore, they should not be nested but modularized.
    •     Each ABAP program consists of the following two parts:
    4.4.1     Declaration data for global data, classes and selection screens
    •     The first part of an ABAP program is the declaration part for global data, classes, and selection screens. This consists of:
    •     All declaration statements for global data. Global data is visible in all internal  processing   blocks and should be defined using declarative statements that appear before the first processing block, in dialog modules, or in event blocks. Local data should not be declared in dialog modules or event blocks.
    •     All selection screen definitions.
    •     All local class definitions (CLASS DEFINITION statement). Local classes are part of ABAP Objects, the object-oriented extension of ABAP.
    •     Declaration statements which occur in procedures (methods, subroutines, function modules) form the declaration part for local data in those processing blocks. This data is only visible within the procedure in which it is declared.
    4.4.2     Container for Processing Blocks
    •     The second part of an ABAP program contains all of the processing blocks for the program. The following types of processing blocks are allowed:
    1.     Dialog modules (no local data area)
    2.     Event blocks (no local data area)
    3.     Procedures (methods, subroutines and function modules with their own local data area).
    •     Whereas dialog modules and procedures are enclosed in the ABAP keywords which define them, event blocks are introduced with event keywords and concluded implicitly by the beginning of the next processing block.
    •     All ABAP statements (except declarative statements in the declaration part of the program) are part of a processing block. Non-declarative ABAP statements, which occur between the declaration of global data and a processing block are automatically assigned to the START-OF-SELECTION processing block.
    4.4.3     Calling Processing Blocks
    •     Processing blocks can be called from either the ABAP program or using ABAP commands which are themselves part of a processing block. Dialog modules and event blocks are called from outside the ABAP program. Procedures are called using ABAP statements in ABAP programs.
    •     Calling event blocks is different from calling other processing blocks for the following reasons:
    •     An event block call is triggered by an event. User actions on selection screens and lists, and the runtime environment trigger events that can be processed in ABAP programs. Define event blocks for the events that the program needs to react to (whereas a subroutine call, for example, must have a corresponding subroutine). This ensures that while an ABAP program may react to a particular event, it is not forced to do so.
    4.5     Screen Flow Logic (Dialog Programs)
    4.5.1     Place the AT EXIT COMMAND at the beginning of the flow logic.
    Example:
    PROCESS AFTER INPUT
       MODULE EXIT_1170 AT EXIT-COMMAND.
       MODULE PAINT_1170.
    4.5.2     Use FIELD and CHAIN statements to keep fields in error open for correction.
    Example:
       PROCESS AFTER INPUT.
       MODULE EXIT_1170 AT EXIT-COMMAND.
       CHAIN.
          FIELD BTCH1170-JOBNAME.
          FIELD BTCH1170-USERNAME.
          FIELD BTCH1170-FROM_DATE.
          FIELD BTCH1170-FROM_TIME.
          MODULE PAINT_1170.
       ENDCHAIN.
    4.6     Main Program
    4.6.1     Events
    The Program MUST NOT be coded without the use of Proper Coding blocks
    •     Initializations
    •     Top-of-page during line-selection
    •     At Selection-Screen
    •     At Line-Selection
    •     At User-Command
    •     At Pfn
    •     Start-Of-Selection
    •     Top-Of-Page
    •     Get
    •     End-Of-Page
    •     End-Of-Selection
    NOTE: The coding for each event should be logically split into forms (subroutines). That is to say, each event will comprise mostly of ‘PERFORM’ statements.
    5.     General Coding Standards
    5.1     One command per line
    Each ABAP/4 command consists of a sentence ending with a period. Multiple commands can be on one line; however, as a standard start each new command on a new line. This will allow for easier deleting, commenting, and debugging.
    5.2     Indented Source Code
    The ABAP/4 editor has a "Pretty Printer" command to indent by 2 positions specific lines of code and add subroutine comments. Event keywords are typically not indented.
    5.3     Extended Syntax Check
    Extended Program Check (EPC) to be done on each object to make sure the code is Syntactically correct. There should be no Error/warning messages in the code.
    5.4     Reusability and Modularity
    If a block of code is executed more than once, it should be placed in a subroutine at the bottom of the code. This makes the code more readable, requires less indentation, and is easier to debug since the debugger can jump through an entire subroutine via a PF key. Also, when possible parameters should be passed to and from subroutines to make the purpose easier to understand and reduce the need for global variables. Always document the purpose of each parameter.
    5.5     Text Handling
    Text elements must be used to display any text messages.
    5.6     Usage of System Variables
    The system variables should be used wherever possible. The SY-SUBRC is to be checked after any function call, selection operation, etc.
    5.7     Chaining Statements
    •     Consecutive sentences with an identical beginning shall be combined into a chained statement.
    Example:
    Instead of the statements
    MOVE SY-MANDT TO D00001-MANDT.
    MOVE SY-LANGU TO D00001-SPRAS.
    A chained statement shall be used
    MOVE:
                 SY-MANDT TO D00001-MANDT,
                 SY-LANGU TO D00001-SPRAS,
                 SY-UNAME TO D00001-BNAME.
    5.8     Common Routines
    •     Standard sub-routines should be implemented as FUNCTION's rather than a FORM (ie. SUBROUTINE). A FUNCTION is easier to maintain and can be easily tested without a calling program. Standard SAP function modules are also available and the function library should be used to check if function modules already exist for a function that needs to be performed i.e.POPUP_TO_CONFIRM_LOSS_OF_DATA etc.
    •     Includes can also be created for re-usable or common code e.g. common data declaration statements.
    5.9     Dialog Messages
    Dialogue messages are stored in table T100. Programmers shall check to see if an appropriate message exists before adding a new message. Programs shall use the message-id which corresponds to the SAP module that the program most relates to.
    5.10     Function Keys
    PF-keys should be programmed to execute functions where required. SAP Standard function keys should be used where appropriate. The most commonly used buttons should be displayed as pushbuttons in the application toolbar.
    5.11     Enqueuing and Dequeuing Data Objects
    •     All database objects being processed by a program, for purposes other than for display, shall be enqueued before such processing is executed. If the enqueue is unsuccessful, then a message shall be returned stating why the enqueue was unsuccessful.
    •     Enqueue and Dequeue objects should be created via the data dictionary.
    5.12     Error Handling (SY-SUBRC)
    •     Return codes shall always be checked immediately after an event which returns a code.  
    Eg. Function calls, Select statements, Updates etc.
    •     The value of SY-SUBRC is 0 when successful and generally produces a value of 4 when unsuccessful (there are a few exceptions).
    Therefore, rather check SY-SUBRC with:
               IF SY-SUBRC <> 0
    than with
             IF SY-SUBRC = 4  (which is redundant and makes the system do a double check)
    •     Error messages displayed to the user must be clear and descriptive.
    •     Remember to group related / dependant steps together and to Rollback all changes for steps in that group should any one of them fail, thus maintaining the integrity of the system.
    •     Check whether an Error Log, (file), must be produced by your program and if so check on the format of the file.
    •     If any Error Logging is done to a custom table in the database then make sure this table is maintained and monitored correctly. (Dev. Note)
    •     Transaction SE91 provides the facility to create and utilize messages in their appropriate message class. Elaborate on the message if necessary, using the long text documentation for that message number.
    5.13     General Conventions and Hints
    •     There should be NO hard coding of values in programs – easy maintainability
    •     For amounts, use the CURRENCY command in write statements to automatically convert fields into their correct decimal format. The currency specified in the write statement is treated as a key for the table TCURX. If no entry exists for the currency specified, the system assumes two decimal places.
    •     For quantities, use the UNIT command in write statements to automatically convert fields into their correct decimal format. The contents of the unit specified are used on table T006. If no entry exists for the unit specified, the formatting has no effect.
    •     Use the ‘LIKE’ statement as often as possible to declare ‘DATA’ variables instead of an explicit ‘TYPE’ declarations.
    •     Try to use the ‘INCLUDE’ statement with standard SAP structures and tables for your structures and internal tables where possible.  If you use the include statement to include other program components in your code then document what those components are, what they do and how to use them.
    •     Try to make use of standard SAP Function Modules wherever possible rather than building your own. Use the pull down functionality in transaction SE37 to find suitable standard function modules.
    •     Make use of the SAP PATTERN tool to automatically insert the standard code for:
    •     CALL FUNCTION
    •     MESSAGE ID
    •     SELECT*FROM
    •     PERFORM
    •     AUTHORITY-CHECK
    •     WRITE
    •     CASE
    •     CALL DIALOG
    •     The standard date format to use is ‘DD/MM/YYYY’. (Dev. Note)
    The standard time format to use is ‘HH:MM:SS’.
    5.14     Parameters in Sub-Routines
    Naming convention for Parameters in subroutine is P_
    6.     Performance Standards
    6.1     General Tips on Performance Tuning
    6.1.1     Avoid Redundant code
    Avoid leaving "dead" code in the program. Comment out variables that are not referenced and code that is not executed. To analyze the program, use the Program Analysis function in SE38 -> Utilities -> Program Analysis.
    6.1.2     Subroutine Usage
    For good modularization, the decision of whether or not to execute a subroutine should be made before the subroutine is called.
    Example:
    IF f1 NE 0.
      PERFORM sub1.
    ENDIF.
    FORM sub1.
    ENDFORM.
    6.1.3     Case vs. Nested IF
    When testing fields "equal to" something, one can use either the nested IF or the CASE statement. The CASE is better for two reasons. It is easier to read and after about five nested IFs the performance of the CASE is more efficient.
    6.1.4     Using the MOVE Statement
    When records a and b have the exact same structure, it is more efficient to MOVE a TO b than to MOVE-CORRESPONDING a TO b.
    6.1.5     SELECT Queries
    The performance of  any ABAP program mainly depends on the ABAP Queries used in it. More optimum the queries , better the performance. Take care of the points mentioned nin the following sections while writing any ABAP queries.
    6.1.5.1     Using all the keys in SELECT statement
    When using the SELECT statement, study the key and always provide as much of the left-most part of the key as possible. The SELECT * command is to be avoided everywhere.
    6.1.5.2     Fetching Single Record
    If the entire key can be qualified, code a SELECT SINGLE not just a SELECT. If all the keys are not available, we should use SELECT UPTO 1 ROWS if we are interested only in the first record.
    6.1.5.3     Avoid SELECT-ENDSELECT
    Selecting data into an internal table using an array fetch versus a SELECT-ENDELECT loop will give at least a 2x performance improvement.  After the data has been put into the internal data, then row-level processing can be done.  
    Example:
    select ... from table <..>
               into <itab>
               where ...
    loop at <itab>
      <do the row-level processing here>
    endloop.
    6.1.5.4     Using Indexs
    Use indexes wherever possible. Tune the Query so that optimum Indexing will happen.
    6.1.5.5     Provide all the keys
    Give as many keys as possible in the WHERE clause to optimize the database fetching. Use the Index fields in the first position to optimize performance.
    6.1.5.6     Avoid “INTO CORRESPONDING”
    Avoid using INTO CORESPONDING FIELDS of Table. Instead, explicitly mention the fields. Else, The Table Fields should be in the same sequence as the selection
    6.1.5.7     SELECT statement inside LOOP
    Do not write SELECT statements inside the loop. Instead, use the FOR ALL ENTRIES Command
    Before using FOR ALL ENTRIES command, check that the
    1.     Corresponding Internal table is not empty. If the Internal table is empty, the statement will select ALL the entries in the Database
    2.     The Internal table is sorted by the Filed used in the Where Clause: This makes selection faster
    6.1.5.8     Nested SELECT statement
    Avoid Using nested SELECT statements. Instead, make use of different internal tables to fetch the data, and Use Nested LOOPS to read them.
    6.1.5.9     Select Distinct
    Whenever its possible avoid SELECT DISTINCT, instead select data into internal table, sort and use DELETE ADJACENT DUPLICATES
    6.1.5.10     Use of OR in Where Clause
    Do not use OR when selecting data from DB table using an index because The optimizer generally stops if the WHERE condition contains an OR expression.
    e.g.
    Instead of
         SELECT * FROM spfli WHERE carrid = ‘LH’
                                   AND (cityfrom = ‘FRANKFURT’ OR
                 city from = ‘NEWYORK’)
    Use
         SELECT * FROM spfli WHERE (carrid = ‘LH’ AND cityfrom = ‘FRANKFURT’)
                                      OR (carrid = ‘LH’ AND cityfrom = ‘NEWYORK’).
    6.1.5.11     Order By
    ORDER BY will Bypass buffer. So, performance will decrease. If you want to sort data, it is efficient to SORT them in INTERNAL TABLE rather than using ORDER BY. Only use an ORDER BY in your SELECT if the order matches the index, which should be used.
    6.1.6     Using the READ statement
    When reading a single record in an internal table, the READ TABLE WITH KEY is not a direct READ. The table needs to be sorted by the Key fields and the command READ TABLE WITH KEY BINARY SEARCH is to be used.
    6.1.7     Hashed table
    If the number of entries in the Internal Table is high then use Hashed Table with Keys to access the table.
    6.1.8     Transporting
    With READ or MODIFY Statements use TRANSPORTING
    6.1.9     Using LDB
    In order to improve performance in case of an LDB, individual tables can be excluded from selection. Under the section ‘Table Selection’ in the Documentation of LDB the fields with proper description has been given those fields can be set in the application report at the time of INITIALIZATION or at the START OF SELECTION. This can enhance the performance.
    6.1.10     Append Lines of
    Whenever it is possible use APPEND LINES OF to append the internal Tables instead of using loop and then APPEND Statement.
    6.1.11     Use WHILE
    Use WHILE instead of a DO+EXIT-construction, as WHILE is easier to understand and faster to execute
    6.1.12     DELETE <itab> WHERE
    Use DELETE <itab> WHERE…for deleting records from an internal table.
    e.g.
    Instead of
    LOOP AT <itab> WHERE <field> = ‘0001’
         DELETE <itab>.
    ENDLOOP.
    Use
    DELETE <itab>  WHERE <field> = ‘0001’.
    6.1.13     Using WHERE clause in LOOP…….ENDLOOP
    Use:
    Sort ITAB by NAME.
    Loop at itab where name EQ SY-UNAME
    Endloop.
    Instead Of:
    Read itab with key name = SY-UNAME.
    L_tabix = sy-tabix.
    Loop at itab from l_tabix.
    If name eq ‘bijoy’
    Endif.
    Endloop.

  • Finding User Exists in an ABAP program

    **How to findout where there is an exit are there in the ABAP Programs.
    Thankyou for your time in giving the answers.
    Bhaskar.

    use cmod /smod transaction..
    below is demo code to find BADI n user exits for a transaction ( u can go to se93 and create a transaction for ur report program) and then execute this piece of code -
    reward if helpfull
    TABLES : TSTC,
    TADIR,
    MODSAPT,
    MODACT,
    TRDIR,
    TFDIR,
    ENLFDIR,
    SXS_ATTRT ,
    TSTCT.
    DATA : JTAB LIKE TADIR OCCURS 0 WITH HEADER LINE.
    DATA : FIELD1(30).
    DATA : V_DEVCLASS LIKE TADIR-DEVCLASS.
    PARAMETERS : P_TCODE LIKE TSTC-TCODE,
    P_PGMNA LIKE TSTC-PGMNA .
    DATA wa_tadir type tadir.
    START-OF-SELECTION.
    IF NOT P_TCODE IS INITIAL.
    SELECT SINGLE * FROM TSTC WHERE TCODE EQ P_TCODE.
    ELSEIF NOT P_PGMNA IS INITIAL.
    TSTC-PGMNA = P_PGMNA.
    ENDIF.
    IF SY-SUBRC EQ 0.
    SELECT SINGLE * FROM TADIR
    WHERE PGMID = 'R3TR'
    AND OBJECT = 'PROG'
    AND OBJ_NAME = TSTC-PGMNA.
    MOVE : TADIR-DEVCLASS TO V_DEVCLASS.
    IF SY-SUBRC NE 0.
    SELECT SINGLE * FROM TRDIR
    WHERE NAME = TSTC-PGMNA.
    IF TRDIR-SUBC EQ 'F'.
    SELECT SINGLE * FROM TFDIR
    WHERE PNAME = TSTC-PGMNA.
    SELECT SINGLE * FROM ENLFDIR
    WHERE FUNCNAME = TFDIR-FUNCNAME.
    SELECT SINGLE * FROM TADIR
    WHERE PGMID = 'R3TR'
    AND OBJECT = 'FUGR'
    AND OBJ_NAME EQ ENLFDIR-AREA.
    MOVE : TADIR-DEVCLASS TO V_DEVCLASS.
    ENDIF.
    ENDIF.
    SELECT * FROM TADIR INTO TABLE JTAB
    WHERE PGMID = 'R3TR'
    AND OBJECT in ('SMOD', 'SXSD')
    AND DEVCLASS = V_DEVCLASS.
    SELECT SINGLE * FROM TSTCT
    WHERE SPRSL EQ SY-LANGU
    AND TCODE EQ P_TCODE.
    FORMAT COLOR COL_POSITIVE INTENSIFIED OFF.
    WRITE:/(19) 'Transaction Code - ',
    20(20) P_TCODE,
    45(50) TSTCT-TTEXT.
    SKIP.
    IF NOT JTAB[] IS INITIAL.
    WRITE:/(105) SY-ULINE.
    FORMAT COLOR COL_HEADING INTENSIFIED ON.
    Sorting the internal Table
    sort jtab by OBJECT.
    data : wf_txt(60) type c,
    wf_smod type i ,
    wf_badi type i ,
    wf_object2(30) type C.
    clear : wf_smod, wf_badi , wf_object2.
    Get the total SMOD.
    LOOP AT JTAB into wa_tadir.
    at first.
    FORMAT COLOR COL_HEADING INTENSIFIED ON.
    WRITE:/1 SY-VLINE,
    2 'Enhancement/ Business Add-in',
    41 SY-VLINE ,
    42 'Description',
    105 SY-VLINE.
    WRITE:/(105) SY-ULINE.
    endat.
    clear wf_txt.
    at new object.
    if wa_tadir-object = 'SMOD'.
    wf_object2 = 'Enhancement' .
    elseif wa_tadir-object = 'SXSD'.
    wf_object2 = ' Business Add-in'.
    endif.
    FORMAT COLOR COL_GROUP INTENSIFIED ON.
    WRITE:/1 SY-VLINE,
    2 wf_object2,
    105 SY-VLINE.
    endat.
    case wa_tadir-object.
    when 'SMOD'.
    wf_smod = wf_smod + 1.
    SELECT SINGLE MODTEXT into wf_txt
    FROM MODSAPT
    WHERE SPRSL = SY-LANGU
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