Access to sys and system accounts

How to determine who can access sys and system accounts?
we have oracle 10.2.0.4. I want to know which users can access sys and system accounts?
Please advise
Thanks
S.

ski123 wrote:
How to determine who can access sys and system accounts?That depends... access to SYS can be done via o/s - no need to compromise the db instance. Only the o/s account running it.
Even inside Oracle, it is possible to logon as SCOTT and execute SQL and PL/SQL code as SYS - without having any DBA like privs or access to the password for SYS (possible by using a compromised DBMS_SYS_SQL package).
Bottom line is, you cannot just look at privs inside Oracle to determine who has SYS access. Security and hardening are more complex than that.

Similar Messages

Lost of sys and system password

Hello,
What are the options when the sys and system passwords to 9206 on Windows 2000 are not known. I was given the database but no one knows the passwords to sys and system. The Windows o/s account does belong to the DBA group but I am not able to log on as '/ as sysdba'. Error saids insufficient privilege even though the o/s acct belongs to group DBA. What can be done to gain access so sys and system passwords can be reset. Thank you in advance.

Hi, please review the Note:77665.1 into metalink site.
Regards.

HT4796 I did all of the above and the migration was successful, but I don't know where the files are. It says they're under a different user, 'owner' . I tried to access via sys pref/system/users&groups, but it asks for a password for owner which I don'

Migration Assit , PC to MAC - The migration was successful, but I don't know where the files are. It says they're under a different user, 'owner' . I tried to access via sys pref/system/users&groups, but it asks for a password for owner which I don't have. What must I do to access my files?
My experience is with MS PC's I'm new with the MAC Book Pro.

Then, see if this works:
Mac OS X 10.6 Help- If you forget your administrator password
If you are running Lion or Mountain Lion you may need to do the following to access the same utility:
Boot to the Recovery HD:
Restart the computer and after the chime press and hold down the COMMAND and R keys until the menu screen appears. Alternatively, restart the computer and after the chime press and hold down the OPTION key until the boot manager screen appears. Select the Recovery HD and click on the downward pointing arrow button.
When the menubar appears select Terminal from the Utilities menu. Enter resetpassword at the prompt and press RETURN. Follow instructions in the dialog window that will appear.
Or see Reset a Mac OS X 10.7 Lion Password and OS X Lion- Apple ID can be used to reset your user account password.

Lock sys and system user

Dear all,
We have 10.2.0.4 on solaris 10.
Currently we had I.T audit on our environment and auditor commented to lock sys and system user and use one user with any name (not oracle generic name) and grant him sys and system privilege and to use this user for admin purposes. is this right ?.. is this recommended ?
Please advise

Hello,
I think it's not a right way to lock SYS.
More over, if you connect as OS Administrator (root for Unix/linux) on the server and use
OS Authentification then, you can connect on SYS AS SYSDBA anyway.
So, in fact, it's not possible to lock out SYS even if you execute the following:
ALTER USER SYS ACCOUNT LOCK;If you want to prevent access on SYS you should set a complex and long password and
apply the same rule for the Administrator / root OS user.
These passwords must be known by very few and well - identified people and written nowhere
(in any files or scripts).
More over, you should limit DBA roles to SYS and SYSTEM and remove this powerful Role
from other Oracle Users.
Then, you may enable session AUDIT so as to control the connexion on the database and,
create a LOGON TRIGGER so as to check the login, workstation, program of the end users
who connect to the database.
On 10g, EM DBConsole shows an alert everytime a User is connected with SYS.
Please, find enclosed, an interesting document written by Pete Finigan on this topic:
http://www.insight.co.uk/files/presentations/Hacking%20and%20securing%20Oracle.pdf
Hope this help.
Best regards,
Jean-Valentin

SYS and SYSTEM user password expired

My 11g2 database on Redhat 5 has sys and system user password expiredSQL> select username,account_status,EXPIRY_DATE
from dba_users where username like 'SYS%';
2
USERNAME                       ACCOUNT_STATUS                   EXPIRY_DA
SYSMAN                         OPEN
SYSTEM                         OPEN                             15-FEB-11
SYS                            OPEN                             15-FEB-11But I can still connect the databsae with t expired password.
Do I need worry about the expiration of these user's password? For a normal user, I connot login with expired password

Dear user13148231,
Here is an illustration;
SQL> alter user sys account lock;
User altered.
SQL> select username, account_status, lock_date, expiry_date from dba_users where USERNAME='SYS';
USERNAME                      ACCOUNT_STATUS                   LOCK_DATE EXPIRY_DA
SYS                                      LOCKED                           20-AUG-10      23-FEB-09
SQL> host sqlplus sys/password@opttest as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on Fri Aug 20 12:25:43 2010
Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All Rights Reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL> alter user sys identified by password password expire;
User altered.
SQL> select username, account_status, lock_date, expiry_date from dba_users where username='SYS';
USERNAME                      ACCOUNT_STATUS                   LOCK_DATE EXPIRY_DA
SYS                                EXPIRED & LOCKED                 20-AUG-10   20-AUG-10
SQL> host sqlplus sys/password@opttest as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on Fri Aug 20 12:27:02 2010
Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All Rights Reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL> alter user sys identified by password account unlock;
SQL> select username, account_status, lock_date, expiry_date from dba_users where username='SYS';
USERNAME                       ACCOUNT_STATUS                   LOCK_DATE EXPIRY_DA
SYS                            OPENEven if it shows expired and locked it is OK to connect to the database for the SYS user.
SQL> alter user ogan identified by password account lock password expire;
User altered.
SQL> select username, account_status, lock_date, expiry_date from dba_users where username='OGAN';
USERNAME                       ACCOUNT_STATUS                   LOCK_DATE EXPIRY_DA
OGAN                           EXPIRED & LOCKED                 20-AUG-10 20-AUG-10
SQL> conn ogan/password
ERROR:
ORA-28000: the account is locked
Warning: You are no longer connected to ORACLE.
SQL> conn / as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> alter user ogan account unlock;
User altered.
SQL> conn ogan/password@opttest
ERROR:
ORA-28001: the password has expired
Changing password for ogan
New password:
Retype new password:
Password changed
Connected.
SQL>Ogan

Locked SYS and SYSTEM user

DB version: 11.2.0.2
OS : Solaris 10
In our production DBs , I've noticed that both SYS and SYSTEM users are locked
$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.2.0 Production on Thu Jan 19 14:21:34 2012
Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning option
SQL> select username, account_status from dba_users where username like 'SYS%';
USERNAME                       ACCOUNT_STATUS
SYSTEM                         LOCKED
SYS                            LOCKED1. How can I log in to SYS account despite being locked. Is it because i logged in through external authentication?
2. Is locking the SYS user a standard practise ? If so, why ?

Hi;
1. How can I log in to SYS account despite being locked. Is it because i logged in through external authentication?set ORACLE_HOME, ORACLE_SID than
sqlplus "/as sysdba"
alter user xx account unlock;
2. Is locking the SYS user a standard practise ? If so, why ?
SYS and SYSTEM are default users, created with the creation of the database. Although they have much power - as they are granted the DBA role - they're still ordinary users. Because SYS owns the data dictionary, (s)he is considered a bit more special than SYSTEM. But SYS has the SYSDBA privilege which SYSTEM doesn't. This makes it possible for SYS to become a very very powerful user. This is the case when (s)he connects as sys/password as SYSDBA or / as sysdba. The as sysdba phrase is a request to aqcuire the privileges associated wht the single SYSDBA system privileges (see here).
Source:
http://www.adp-gmbh.ch/ora/misc/sys_system_internal.html
Regard
Helios

Profiles apply to SYS and SYSTEM users

dear all.
is possible configure the security policies (profiles), i mean password length, history, failed login attempts for SYS and SYSTEM users in oracle 10g.
What will happen if both users blocked ?? the service would be affected ???
what would you recommend me ?
thanks for your answers and apologize my english, is not very well.

Check here:
SYS account cannot be locked out by setting the failed_login_attempts limit in the profile.
is it possible to lock out SYS using FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS in a profile
http://www.petefinnigan.com/ramblings/failed_login_attempts.htm
-Anantha

Encrypt sys and system tables

How to encrypt/restrict sys and system tables so that no user can view them.
On one of the database few user are having dba access.
Is it possible to restrict their access on the dictionary tables.

I have not heard of anyone encrypting the sys and system schemas, and suspect it is not possible due to the number of tools that need access to these tables and views (OEM, RMAN etc)
Maybe the application needs to run "create user" or "select * from v$session", but this does not mean that it needs DBA role. Turn on tracing or auditing to find out what priveleges the application actually needs, then grant minimum priveleges and revoke DBA.
In the worst case if the application won't start unless it has been granted a role called "DBA" then you may be able to revoke all priveleges from the DBA role and then grant them via a custom role called "MY_DBA", but there is potential for this to go very wrong, so test in a DEV environment first, and I doubt Oracle Support would approve.
Or you could use Database Vault ....

Sys and system schema are expired & locked after doing disaster recovery.

Hi All,
In one of our development database, I performed disaster recovery and it was successfull.
After completing thre recovery, sys and system schema are expired & locked.
So, I am not able to perform any kind of operation which is performed by sys and system user.
Database Version : 11g r2
Operating system : Red hat 5.5
Please kindly suggest me, How can i solve this problem?
Thanks,
Viren Patel.

This is some sort of a mirracle. SYS even if expired and locked - can login:
SQL> SELECT d.username, u.account_status
2 FROM DBA_USERS_WITH_DEFPWD d, DBA_USERS u
3 WHERE d.username = u.username and u.username=’SYS’
4 ORDER BY 2,1;
USERNAME                       ACCOUNT_STATUS
SYS                            OPEN
SQL> alter user sys account lock;
User altered.
SQL> alter user sys password expire;
User altered.
SQL> quit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
C:\Tools\Oracle\scripts_oracle>sqlplus sys/manager as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Mon Feb 20 17:09:14 2012
Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL> SELECT d.username, u.account_status
2 FROM DBA_USERS_WITH_DEFPWD d, DBA_USERS u
3 WHERE d.username = u.username and u.username=’SYS’
4 ORDER BY 2,1;
USERNAME                       ACCOUNT_STATUS
SYS                            EXPIRED & LOCKEDPlease, show us exact connection string and an error you are getting, while logging in.

Starting up a database when I forgot the sys and system password

Hi,
I want to startup up a database from Oracle Entreprise Manager. I forgot the sys and system password.
If I give the command:
orapwd file=orapwSDB01 password=test entries=100
can I give the password "test" to sys and then to connect with sys with password test as sysdba, and then to startup the database? Are any problems with this command?
Thank you,
Mihaela

Hi,
I have not done this myself, but YES, according to the documentation, thats correct.
ORAPWD FILE=mypwdfile PASSWORD=syspass ENTRIES=10
will set the password of SYS to syspass. And you can use the same further.
But here, you should be in oracle user or the user which owns the Oracle installation.
Also, OS authentication is always supperior than any other authentication.
Regards

I accidentally deleted some drivers from my macbook air and now i can not access app store and system preferences as it says the following message (You can't open the application System Preferences because it may be damaged or incomplete)

i accidentally deleted some drivers from my macbook air and now i can not access app store and system preferences as it says the following message (You can't open the application System Preferences because it may be damaged or incomplete)

Repair the Hard Drive and Permissions - Lion/Mountain Lion
Boot to the Recovery HD:
Restart the computer and after the chime press and hold down the COMMAND and R keys until the menu screen appears. Alternatively, restart the computer and after the chime press and hold down the OPTION key until the boot manager screen appears. Select the Recovery HD and click on the downward pointing arrow button.
Repair
When the recovery menu appears select Disk Utility. After DU loads select your hard drive entry (mfgr.'s ID and drive size) from the the left side list. In the DU status area you will see an entry for the S.M.A.R.T. status of the hard drive. If it does not say "Verified" then the hard drive is failing or failed. (SMART status is not reported on external Firewire or USB drives.) If the drive is "Verified" then select your OS X volume from the list on the left (sub-entry below the drive entry,) click on the First Aid tab, then click on the Repair Disk button. If DU reports any errors that have been fixed, then re-run Repair Disk until no errors are reported. If no errors are reported then click on the Repair Permissions button. When the process is completed, then quit DU and return to the main menu. Select Restart from the Apple menu.

I forgot sys and system password

Dear All,
I installed oracle database 9.2.0.6 one year ago and I am using this database for RMAN.
Today I need it to do something else but I really forgot the sys and system password and i dont know what to do.
I appreciate your help on that.
Thanks

Hi,
>>I really forgot the sys and system password
Really ? or are you trying to hack the database ? :-)
You can try this too:
Use the orapwd utility in order to re-create the SYS password...
e.g.: orapwd file=orapw<SID> password=adm entries=5
Cheers

Verify the database fails in the SYS and SYSTEM schemas

Hi all,
When we execute a verify: brconnect -u / -c -f stats -v cascade -t all -p 8
we obtain some errors from some tables (NOT PARTITIONED) of SYS and SYSTEM schemas:
BR0996W Table/index SYS.UTL_RECOMP_SORTED does not exist anymore
and
BR0301E SQL error -14508 at location stats_tab_validate-2
ORA-14508: specified VALIDATE INTO table not found
BR0893E Validating structure failed for table/cluster SYSTEM.LOGMNR_TABPART$
but the tables exists.
any ideas??
Thanks in advance

HI,
try this:
sqlplus system/password
@$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/utlvalid.sql
grant all on invalid_rows to public;
exit
sqlplus "/ as sysdba"
create synonym ops$ora<sid>.index_stats for sys.sap_index_stats;
exit
sqlplus system/password
create synonym ops$<sid>adm.invalid_rows for system.invalid_rows;
Thanks

When creating application: SYS and SYSTEM users may not create applications

Dear all,
When i am performing the below mentioned operations
1) Importing Application
2) Create Application
3) Create from Spreadsheet
4) Demonstration Application
am getting this error message
"SYS and SYSTEM users may not create applications"
Please do the needfull

Create application using SYS or SYSTEM user is not good idea. Your objects will be created in SYSTEM tablespace, it's fatal option. Create new Workspace and create there your app.

Restrication on using sys and system tables.

I have created the user in oracle 10g, granted resource , connect , select, insert, and update any table
I would like to restrict the user from modifying sys and system tables.
I know , it is possible using triggers. but it will create perofrmance issues
Any other solution , please let me know

user8680248 wrote:
user wants this priv ( user is super user ) but user is not DBAYou say the user is not a "super user" and is not a DBA.
Then he doesn't get what he "wants", he gets the minimum privs required to do his job. And it's the job of the DBA (presumably you) to enforce that policy. The technical issues are simple. The political ones are often difficult, but as a DBA that, too, is part of your job. It's YOUR job that will be on the line if you put the company's data at risk by granting someone excessive privileges on the database..
Edited by: EdStevens on Feb 8, 2010 6:33 AM

Access to sys and system accounts

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