ActionListener/Action Performed

Ok so, ive got my GUI to display using multiple layouts thanx to all of your help!!!! Thanx so much....Now to make the GUI do stuff. My question is, in all of my other classes, i have already written fucntions that will be tied to buttons (ie, add user[writes to db], delete user, etc), but my question lies with how do i properly implement actionListener and ActionPerformed.
Ive been looking at this tutorial:
http://java.sun.com/docs/books/tutorial/uiswing/events/actionlistener.html
public class Beeper ...  implements ActionListener {
    //where initialization occurs:
        button.addActionListener(this);
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
     Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().beep();
}my question is, since i have four buttons, am i supposed to have a seperate actionPerformed() version for each button? Or Can i write one huge actionPerformed() that tells java what to do with all of my buttons (in tieing the buttons to my functions)...? Any help is greatly appreciated.
~Hana

Not sure what you mean. The source is the component that fired the ActionEvent that has been sent to the listener. If a button gets clicked, the button is the source.
If, on a button click, you want to know what is in a text area, use myTextArea.getText().
For example, the text area contains a name, but the action you want to perform is based on wether you click the "DeleteName" or "AddName" button. Get source tells you which button is clicked. Then, you get the text and call the appropriate function. That is why you have an if/else construct in the actionPerformed() method.
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Similar Messages

  • 'action performed' on array of buttons.

    Hi everyone!
    I am trying to set up an array of buttons on a panel in the main frame of my application. I can get them on to the panel, displaying them correctly but i can;t seem to attach an action performed method to them. Ive attached the following code - if you have any ideas on how to solve this problem i would be very grateful. DO you think it is because they are on this panel and not directly on the main Frame.?
    If i try to attach say Button1_action performed then it clashes with my original button 1!
    Thanks in advance.....
    static int N=10;
    String lett[]={"a","b","c","d","e","f","g","h","i","j"};
    Button button[]=new Button[N];
    for(int k=0;k<N;++k)
    {button[k]=new Button();
    button[k].setLabel(lett[k]);
    button[k].setBackground(Color.darkGray);
    button[k].addActionListener(new java.awt.event.ActionListener() {
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
    button[k]_actionPerformed(e);
    this.panel1.add(button[k]);

A: 'action performed' on array of buttons.

viravan is right - your code should work except that button[k]_actionPerformed won't compile. Also, you don't need a separate ActionListener for each button - use a common one and test for the source.
e.g.
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
...code to define Frame, Panel etc...
static int N=10;
String lett[]={"a","b","c","d","e","f","g","h","i","j"};
Button button[]=new Button[N];
ActionListener common = (new ActionListener() {
     public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
            Button source = (Button)e.getSource();
             System.out.println("Label of button pressed = " + source.getLabel() );
for(int k=0;k<N;++k) {
    button[k]=new Button();
    button[k].setLabel(lett[k]);
    button[k].setBackground(Color.darkGray);
    button[k].addActionListener(common);
    panel1.add(button[k]);
}Another alternative is to addActionListener(this) and code the actionPerformed method as part of the Frame class.

viravan is right - your code should work except that button[k]_actionPerformed won't compile. Also, you don't need a separate ActionListener for each button - use a common one and test for the source.
e.g.
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
...code to define Frame, Panel etc...
static int N=10;
String lett[]={"a","b","c","d","e","f","g","h","i","j"};
Button button[]=new Button[N];
ActionListener common = (new ActionListener() {
     public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
            Button source = (Button)e.getSource();
             System.out.println("Label of button pressed = " + source.getLabel() );
for(int k=0;k<N;++k) {
    button[k]=new Button();
    button[k].setLabel(lett[k]);
    button[k].setBackground(Color.darkGray);
    button[k].addActionListener(common);
    panel1.add(button[k]);
}Another alternative is to addActionListener(this) and code the actionPerformed method as part of the Frame class.

  • Help needed with Button action performed

    Hi,
    I am new to AWT prgramming .
    I have created a menu called " Menu System Test window " and it contains toplevel menu items of "File" and "Help" and File Menu contains subitems "Product Evaluation" and "Exit".
    When i click File->Product Evaluation it displays a new Frame named "ProductEvaluationMeasurementTool" with some check boxes ,radiobuttons, buttons and text fields. So when i select some checkboxes in that new frame and click the button labeled "Metricslevel" it displays some resultin textField1 , similarly when i click Button labeled "Measurementlevel" it displays some result in textField2.
    My question is i have another button in Frame Called "Reset". When i click the Reset button all the check boxes which have been checked previously should be unchecked and moreover the result in both the textfield should be cleared.
    I am sending my code. Kindly help me.
    Thanks in advance.
    import java.awt.*;
    import java.awt.event.*;
    import java.awt.Component;
    import java.awt.Checkbox;
    import javax.swing.*;
    // Make a main window with two top-level menus: File and Help.
    // Help has a submenu and demonstrates a few interesting menu items.
    public class MainWindow extends Frame {
      public MainWindow() {
        super("Menu System Test Window");
        setSize(500, 500);
        // make a top level File menu
        FileMenu fileMenu = new FileMenu(this);
        // make a top level Help menu
        HelpMenu helpMenu = new HelpMenu(this);
        // make a menu bar for this frame 
        // and add top level menus File and Menu
        MenuBar mb = new MenuBar();
        mb.add(fileMenu);
        mb.add(helpMenu);
        setMenuBar(mb);
        addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
          public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e) {
            exit();
      public void exit() {
        setVisible(false); // hide the Frame
        dispose(); // tell windowing system to free resources
        System.exit(0); // exit
      public static void main(String args[]) {
        MainWindow w = new MainWindow();
        w.setVisible(true);
    // Encapsulate the look and behavior of the File menu
    class FileMenu extends Menu implements ActionListener {
      MainWindow mw;  // who owns us?
      public FileMenu(MainWindow m) {
        super("File");
        mw = m;
        MenuItem mi;
        add(mi = new MenuItem("ProductEvaluation"));
        mi.addActionListener(this);
        add(mi = new MenuItem("Exit"));
        mi.addActionListener(this);
      // respond to the Exit menu choice
      public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { String item = e.getActionCommand();
        if (item.equals("ProductEvaluation"))
         Frame f = new Frame("ProductMeasurementEvaluationTool");
         f.setSize(1290,1290);
         f.setLayout(null);
         TextField t1 = new TextField("textField1");
         t1.setBounds(230, 630, 50, 24);
         f.add(t1);
         TextField t2 = new TextField("textField2");
         t2.setBounds(430, 630, 50, 24);
         f.add(t2);
         ActionListener al = new MyActionListener(f, t1);
         ActionListener a2 = new MyActionListener(f, t2);
         Label l1 = new Label("Select the appropriate metrics for Measurement Process Evaluation");
         l1.setBounds(380, 50, 380, 20);
         f.add(l1);
         Label l2 = new Label("Architecture Metrics");
         l2.setBounds(170, 100, 110, 20);
         f.add(l2);
         Label l3 = new Label("RunTime Metrics");
         l3.setBounds(500, 100, 110, 20);
         f.add(l3);
         Label l4 = new Label("Documentation Metrics");
         l4.setBounds(840, 100, 130, 20);
         f.add(l4);
         JRadioButton rb1 = new JRadioButton("Componenent Metrics",false);
         rb1.setBounds(190, 140, 133, 20);
         f.add(rb1);
         JRadioButton rb2 = new JRadioButton("Task Metrics",false);
         rb2.setBounds(540, 140, 95, 20);
         f.add(rb2);
         JRadioButton rb3 = new JRadioButton("Manual Metrics",false);
         rb3.setBounds(870, 140, 108, 20);
         f.add(rb3);
         JRadioButton rb4 = new JRadioButton("Configuration Metrics",false);
         rb4.setBounds(190, 270, 142, 20);
         f.add(rb4);
         JRadioButton rb5 = new JRadioButton("DataBase Metrics",false);
         rb5.setBounds(190, 420, 122, 20);
         f.add(rb5);
         JRadioButton rb6 = new JRadioButton("DataHandling Metrics",false);
         rb6.setBounds(540, 270, 142, 20);
         f.add(rb6);
         JRadioButton rb7= new JRadioButton("HumanInterface Metrics",false);
         rb7.setBounds(540, 420, 156, 20);
         f.add(rb7);
         JRadioButton rb8 = new JRadioButton("Development Metrics",false);
         rb8.setBounds(870, 270, 141, 20);
         f.add(rb8);
         JRadioButton rb9= new JRadioButton("Marketing Metrics",false);
         rb9.setBounds(870, 420, 121, 20);
         f.add(rb9);
         Checkbox  c10 = new Checkbox("Size");
         c10.setBounds(220, 170, 49, 20);
         f.add(c10);
         Checkbox c11 = new Checkbox("Structure");
         c11.setBounds(220, 190, 75, 20);
         f.add(c11);
         Checkbox c12 = new Checkbox("Complexity");
         c12.setBounds(220, 210, 86, 20);
         f.add(c12);
         Checkbox c13 = new Checkbox("Size");
         c13.setBounds(220, 300, 49, 20);
         f.add(c13);
         Checkbox c14 = new Checkbox("Structure");
         c14.setBounds(220, 320, 75, 20);
         f.add(c14);
         Checkbox c15 = new Checkbox("Complexity");
         c15.setBounds(220, 340, 86, 20);
         f.add(c15);
         Checkbox c16 = new Checkbox("Size");
         c16.setBounds(220, 460, 49, 20);
         f.add(c16);
         Checkbox c17 = new Checkbox("Structure");
         c17.setBounds(220, 480, 75, 20);
         f.add(c17);
         Checkbox c18 = new Checkbox("Complexity");
         c18.setBounds(220, 500, 86, 20);
         f.add(c18);
         Checkbox c19 = new Checkbox("Size");
         c19.setBounds(580, 170, 49, 20);
         f.add(c19);
         Checkbox c20 = new Checkbox("Structure");
         c20.setBounds(580, 190, 75, 20);
         f.add(c20);
         Checkbox c21 = new Checkbox("Complexity");
         c21.setBounds(580, 210, 86, 20);
         f.add(c21);
         Checkbox c22 = new Checkbox("Size");
         c22.setBounds(580, 300, 49, 20);
         f.add(c22);
         Checkbox c23 = new Checkbox("Structure");
         c23.setBounds(580, 320, 75, 20);
         f.add(c23);
         Checkbox c24 = new Checkbox("Complexity");
         c24.setBounds(580, 340, 86, 20);
         f.add(c24);
         Checkbox c25 = new Checkbox("Size");
         c25.setBounds(590, 460, 49, 20);
         f.add(c25);
         Checkbox c26 = new Checkbox("Structure");
         c26.setBounds(590, 480, 75, 20);
         f.add(c26);
         Checkbox c27 = new Checkbox("Complexity");
         c27.setBounds(590, 500, 86, 20);
         f.add(c27);
         Checkbox c28 = new Checkbox("Size");
         c28.setBounds(920, 170, 49, 20);
         f.add(c28);
         Checkbox c29 = new Checkbox("Structure");
         c29.setBounds(920, 190, 75, 20);
         f.add(c29);
         Checkbox c30 = new Checkbox("Complexity");
         c30.setBounds(920, 210, 86, 20);
         f.add(c30);
         Checkbox c31 = new Checkbox("Size");
         c31.setBounds(920, 300, 49, 20);
         f.add(c31);
         Checkbox c32 = new Checkbox("Structure");
         c32.setBounds(920, 320, 75, 20);
         f.add(c32);
         Checkbox c33 = new Checkbox("Complexity");
         c33.setBounds(920, 340, 86, 20);
         f.add(c33);
         Checkbox c34 = new Checkbox("Size");
         c34.setBounds(930, 450, 49, 20);
         f.add(c34);
         Checkbox c35 = new Checkbox("Structure");
         c35.setBounds(930, 470, 75, 20);
         f.add(c35);
         Checkbox c36 = new Checkbox("Complexity");
         c36.setBounds(930, 490, 86, 20);
         f.add(c36);
         Button b1  = new Button("MetricsLevel");
         b1.setBounds(230, 600, 120, 24);
         f.add(b1);
         b1.addActionListener(al);
         Button b2  = new Button("MeasurementLevel");
         b2.setBounds(430, 600, 120, 24);
         f.add(b2);
         b2.addActionListener(a2);
         Button b3  = new Button("Reset");
         b3.setBounds(630, 600, 120, 24);
         f.add(b3);
         f.show();
        else
       { mw.exit();}
    class MyActionListener implements ActionListener
        Frame f;
        TextField textField1;
        TextField textField2;
        public MyActionListener(Frame f, TextField tf)
            this.f = f;
            textField1 = tf;
            textField2 = tf;
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
           String s = e.getActionCommand();
        if (s.equals("MetricsLevel"))
            Component[] components = f.getComponents();
      int numOfCheckBoxes = 81;
      int numChecked = 0;
      for ( int i = 0; i < components.length; i++ )
       if ( components[i] instanceof Checkbox )
        Checkbox checkBox = (Checkbox) components;
    if ( checkBox.getState() )
    numChecked++;
    double ratio = (double) numChecked / (double) numOfCheckBoxes;
    textField1.setText( Double.toString( ratio ) );
    else
    if (s.equals("MeasurementLevel"))
    Component[] components = f.getComponents();
    int numOfCheckBoxes = 81;
    int numChecked = 0;
    for ( int i = 0; i < components.length; i++ )
    if ( components[i] instanceof Checkbox )
    Checkbox checkBox = (Checkbox) components[i];
    if ( checkBox.getState() )
    numChecked++;
    double ratio = (double) numChecked / (double) numOfCheckBoxes;
    textField2.setText( Double.toString( ratio ) );
    else
    if (s.equals("Reset"))
    Code for Reset Button action performed.
    // Encapsulate the look and behavior of the Help menu
    class HelpMenu extends Menu implements ActionListener {
    MainWindow mw; // who owns us?
    public HelpMenu(MainWindow m) {
    super("Help");
    mw = m;
    MenuItem mi;
    add(mi = new MenuItem("Description"));
    mi.addActionListener(this);
    // respond to a few menu items
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
    String item = e.getActionCommand();
    if (item.equals("Description"))
    System.out.println("You can get description at our website");

    import java.awt.*;
    import java.awt.event.*;
    // Make a main window with two top-level menus: File and Help.
    // Help has a submenu and demonstrates a few interesting menu items.
    public class MainWindow extends Frame
      public static void main(String args[])
        new MainWindow();
      public MainWindow()
        super("Menu System Test Window");
        setSize(500, 500);
        // Why not make 1 menubar class that you can add with
        // this.setMenuBar(new MyMenuBar(this)); ?
        // make a top level File menu
        FileMenu fileMenu = new FileMenu(this);
        // make a top level Help menu
        HelpMenu helpMenu = new HelpMenu(this);
        // make a menu bar for this frame
        // and add top level menus File and Menu
        MenuBar mb = new MenuBar();
        mb.add(fileMenu);
        mb.add(helpMenu);
        this.setMenuBar(mb);
        this.setVisible(true);
        this.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter()
          public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e)
            System.exit(0);
    import java.awt.*;
    import java.awt.event.*;
    import javax.swing.JRadioButton;
    //Encapsulate the look and behavior of the File menu
    public class FileMenu extends Menu implements ActionListener
      private MainWindow mw; // who owns us?
      private MenuItem itmPE   = new MenuItem("ProductEvaluation");
      private MenuItem itmExit = new MenuItem("Exit");
      public FileMenu(MainWindow main)
        super("File");
        this.mw = main;
        this.itmPE.addActionListener(this);
        this.itmExit.addActionListener(this);
        this.add(this.itmPE);
        this.add(this.itmExit);
      // respond to the Exit menu choice
      public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e)
        if (e.getSource() == this.itmPE)
          Frame f = new Frame("ProductMeasurementEvaluationTool");
          f.setSize(1290, 1290);
          f.setLayout(null);
          TextField t1 = new TextField("textField1");
          t1.setBounds(230, 630, 50, 24);
          f.add(t1);
          TextField t2 = new TextField("textField2");
          t2.setBounds(430, 630, 50, 24);
          f.add(t2);
          // Way to ugly..
          // ActionListener al = new MyActionListener(f, t1);
          // ActionListener a2 = new MyActionListener(f, t2);
          // see below...
          Label l1 = new Label("Select the appropriate metrics for Measurement Process Evaluation");
          l1.setBounds(380, 50, 380, 20);
          f.add(l1);
          Label l2 = new Label("Architecture Metrics");
          l2.setBounds(170, 100, 110, 20);
          f.add(l2);
          Label l3 = new Label("RunTime Metrics");
          l3.setBounds(500, 100, 110, 20);
          f.add(l3);
          Label l4 = new Label("Documentation Metrics");
          l4.setBounds(840, 100, 130, 20);
          f.add(l4);
          JRadioButton rb1 = new JRadioButton("Componenent Metrics", false);
          rb1.setBounds(190, 140, 133, 20);
          f.add(rb1);
          // Please do not use AWT and Swing components in the same frame.
          JRadioButton rb2 = new JRadioButton("Task Metrics", false);
          rb2.setBounds(540, 140, 95, 20);
          f.add(rb2);
          JRadioButton rb3 = new JRadioButton("Manual Metrics", false);
          rb3.setBounds(870, 140, 108, 20);
          f.add(rb3);
          JRadioButton rb4 = new JRadioButton("Configuration Metrics", false);
          rb4.setBounds(190, 270, 142, 20);
          f.add(rb4);
          JRadioButton rb5 = new JRadioButton("DataBase Metrics", false);
          rb5.setBounds(190, 420, 122, 20);
          f.add(rb5);
          JRadioButton rb6 = new JRadioButton("DataHandling Metrics", false);
          rb6.setBounds(540, 270, 142, 20);
          f.add(rb6);
          JRadioButton rb7 = new JRadioButton("HumanInterface Metrics", false);
          rb7.setBounds(540, 420, 156, 20);
          f.add(rb7);
          JRadioButton rb8 = new JRadioButton("Development Metrics", false);
          rb8.setBounds(870, 270, 141, 20);
          f.add(rb8);
          JRadioButton rb9 = new JRadioButton("Marketing Metrics", false);
          rb9.setBounds(870, 420, 121, 20);
          f.add(rb9);
          Checkbox c10 = new Checkbox("Size");
          c10.setBounds(220, 170, 49, 20);
          f.add(c10);
          Checkbox c11 = new Checkbox("Structure");
          c11.setBounds(220, 190, 75, 20);
          f.add(c11);
          Checkbox c12 = new Checkbox("Complexity");
          c12.setBounds(220, 210, 86, 20);
          f.add(c12);
          Checkbox c13 = new Checkbox("Size");
          c13.setBounds(220, 300, 49, 20);
          f.add(c13);
          Checkbox c14 = new Checkbox("Structure");
          c14.setBounds(220, 320, 75, 20);
          f.add(c14);
          Checkbox c15 = new Checkbox("Complexity");
          c15.setBounds(220, 340, 86, 20);
          f.add(c15);
          Checkbox c16 = new Checkbox("Size");
          c16.setBounds(220, 460, 49, 20);
          f.add(c16);
          Checkbox c17 = new Checkbox("Structure");
          c17.setBounds(220, 480, 75, 20);
          f.add(c17);
          Checkbox c18 = new Checkbox("Complexity");
          c18.setBounds(220, 500, 86, 20);
          f.add(c18);
          Checkbox c19 = new Checkbox("Size");
          c19.setBounds(580, 170, 49, 20);
          f.add(c19);
          Checkbox c20 = new Checkbox("Structure");
          c20.setBounds(580, 190, 75, 20);
          f.add(c20);
          Checkbox c21 = new Checkbox("Complexity");
          c21.setBounds(580, 210, 86, 20);
          f.add(c21);
          Checkbox c22 = new Checkbox("Size");
          c22.setBounds(580, 300, 49, 20);
          f.add(c22);
          Checkbox c23 = new Checkbox("Structure");
          c23.setBounds(580, 320, 75, 20);
          f.add(c23);
          Checkbox c24 = new Checkbox("Complexity");
          c24.setBounds(580, 340, 86, 20);
          f.add(c24);
          Checkbox c25 = new Checkbox("Size");
          c25.setBounds(590, 460, 49, 20);
          f.add(c25);
          Checkbox c26 = new Checkbox("Structure");
          c26.setBounds(590, 480, 75, 20);
          f.add(c26);
          Checkbox c27 = new Checkbox("Complexity");
          c27.setBounds(590, 500, 86, 20);
          f.add(c27);
          Checkbox c28 = new Checkbox("Size");
          c28.setBounds(920, 170, 49, 20);
          f.add(c28);
          Checkbox c29 = new Checkbox("Structure");
          c29.setBounds(920, 190, 75, 20);
          f.add(c29);
          Checkbox c30 = new Checkbox("Complexity");
          c30.setBounds(920, 210, 86, 20);
          f.add(c30);
          Checkbox c31 = new Checkbox("Size");
          c31.setBounds(920, 300, 49, 20);
          f.add(c31);
          Checkbox c32 = new Checkbox("Structure");
          c32.setBounds(920, 320, 75, 20);
          f.add(c32);
          Checkbox c33 = new Checkbox("Complexity");
          c33.setBounds(920, 340, 86, 20);
          f.add(c33);
          Checkbox c34 = new Checkbox("Size");
          c34.setBounds(930, 450, 49, 20);
          f.add(c34);
          Checkbox c35 = new Checkbox("Structure");
          c35.setBounds(930, 470, 75, 20);
          f.add(c35);
          Checkbox c36 = new Checkbox("Complexity");
          c36.setBounds(930, 490, 86, 20);
          f.add(c36);
          ActionListener action = new MyActionListener(f, t1, t2);
          Button b1 = new Button("MetricsLevel");
          b1.setBounds(230, 600, 120, 24);
          b1.addActionListener(action);
          f.add(b1);
          Button b2 = new Button("MeasurementLevel");
          b2.setBounds(430, 600, 120, 24);
          b2.addActionListener(action);
          f.add(b2);
          Button b3 = new Button("Reset");
          b3.setBounds(630, 600, 120, 24);
          b3.addActionListener(action);
          f.add(b3);
          f.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter() {
            public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e)
              System.exit(0);
          f.show();
        else if (e.getSource() == this.itmExit)
          System.exit(0);
    import java.awt.*;
    import java.awt.event.*;
    //Encapsulate the look and behavior of the Help menu
    public class HelpMenu extends Menu implements ActionListener
      private MainWindow main; // who owns us?
      private MenuItem itmDescription = new MenuItem("Description");
      public HelpMenu(MainWindow main)
        super("Help");
        this.main = main;   
        this.itmDescription.addActionListener(this);
        this.add(this.itmDescription);
      // respond to a few menu items
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        if (e.getSource() == this.itmDescription)
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