Am I really using an obsolete DOCTYPE?

I trade emails with a very good Web designer. He's way ahead of me on CSS, etc. Several times when I've had problems making a page design behave, he has taken the time to create a completely revised style sheet that solves my problems. The only glitch is that his explanations of some of the code he uses are often cryptic or even absent. The site I'm working on now responds well to different browsers and media types, in large part because of these chunks of CSS he created. However, I'm using this DOCTYPE:
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
His comment? "If nothing else, ditch the 90s DOCTYPE."
His suggested version:
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">
Trying to understand the jargon used to explain DOCTYPEs at w3c.org is no help. Can someone tell me in simple
English what the difference is between these two, wnd why the second is supposedly better? Thanks.

I don't think that a lot of web designers would be offended if I revealed that most of us could not write a doctype from scratch even with a knife to our throat. When a web designer creates a web page, he or she either copies and pastes the doctype at the top of the document or allows a web development application (like Dreamweaver) to automatically generate a syntactically correct doctype according to the settings. Sitepoint has a good brief explanation of doctypes.
The doctype declaration declares the version of the markup language you will use and the rules and grammar you will follow. I always use XHTML 1.0 Strict. This doctype sometimes causes me some extra work, but it forces me to write the most up-to-date markup.
Don't worry if you think you don't know the rules and grammar. All you need to do is get a good reference and write good markup (or do the best you can do) and when you validate your web pages, the W3C validation page will help you correct your errors. It's a great learning device.
HTML 4 Loose is a old doctype that is not in use anymore. You want to use the current markup, which is XHTML. HTML5 is the newest markup language but it's not compatible with many browsers. Don't use HTML 4.
It helps to understand that a few years ago web standards were pretty much ignored. Browsers allowed all kinds of errors and were "loose" with standards. Consequently, web browser technology lagged way behind markup and CSS technology. CSS has been implemented only a few years ago. But CSS is not a new technology. The W3C release the CSS 1 recommendation December 17, 1996. The CSS 2 recommendation was formalized on May 12, 1998. CSS 3 is still in development. The last version of HTML, HTML 4.01, was officially released in December 1999. Shortly afterward, W3C released XHTML in January 2000.
Leaders in the web development community began encouraging browser companies to take standards seriously. Web standards are taken seriously by web developers today and the result is much better technology and easy-to-maintain sites. So, use a current doctype and write good code that will validate.

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richardhellyer wrote:
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Am I really using an obsolete DOCTYPE?

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