Aperture Photo JPEG Export Size

I have a question regarding the file sizes of photos exported from Aperture. When exported the photos seem to be almost double the file size of the original photo imported to aperture and the size shown in Aperture. For example, I have a photo that is 2736x3648 sized at 3.51MB in Aperture. I export with JPEG set to original size, JPEG quality is set to 12. The resulting file size exported is 7.1MB. The resolution of the exported photo is also 2736x3648 so I don't think it's a DPI issue. I've done some experimentation with the JPEG quality and the results are still strange. 10 gives me a 2.2MB file, 11 gives me a 2.6MB file and 12 as mentioned previously is 7.1MB. Seems like a huge jump so I suspect I'm missing something. The other sizes being smaller than the original also seems strange.
I've looked at the exported photos at 10,11&12 and can clearly see the detail lost. The darker parts get darker and drop the detail in the photo. I'm very reluctant to lose quality so ideally would go with 12.
I know there are a few questions like this on here already but none of them seem to have a good answer. Just wondering if anyone has figured it out?
Thanks in advance.

Terence, you've helped me on a lot of things, so I guess I am going to further ask for clarification....
I have recently been trying to use Aperture solely (and pretty much abandon iPhoto.).  But, when I say export a file to jpeg (whether it is currently a RAW or JPEG file, I am concerned about my settings--  by default, the setting "export jpeg in original size" has settings as 72 dpi.  I have changed that to 300dpi.  Is this why I have 15-20MB files?  Is this the correct setting?  I don't want any printer to have a false representation of how much data is there.  Nor do I want to lose any data either.
I could theoretically take any photo and probably even say 4500dpi, and the file would be exaggerated that much more.  I go to print, and the print center sees there is plenty of resolution there, but in reality, there is no more data there than the extent to which the file provided.  You can't create resolution that is going to improve on what your camera or the minor adjustments you do to it to improve it.  I say export it at whatever maximum dpi it has or multiply that dpi by 100, and no matter what, the image is going to print the same no matter how much data (or how large the box is).
Also, if I open my library in iPhoto and tell it to export the photo at original size, the file is smaller than the file exported via Aperture (thus my concern I am providing more detail than what is really there) and providing an exagerrated resolution.  Your help is greatly appreciated.  I am providing a disk to someone, and this is affecting whether I give them one or two disks due to the file sizes.  (And, of course, as is, the file sizes are harder to work with if you want to email.  So, if they don't have an email program that auto-condenses, they may be frustrated not having smaller files if they choose to email any.)
Thanks in advance!

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