ARCHITECTURE OF SAP R/3 AND APPLICATION SERVER AND DATABASE SERVER IN ABAP

ARCHITECTURE OF SAP R/3 AND APPLICATION SERVER AND DATABASE SERVER IN ABAP?
PLEASE EXPLAIN

hi
<b>Presentation Server</b>
It is actually a program named sapgui.exe.
It usually installed in user’s workstation.
The interface accepts the input from the user in the form of keystrokes, mouse-clicks, and function keys, and sends these requests to the application server.
It receives and displays the result from the application server.
<b>Application Server</b>
An application server is a set of executables that collectively interpret the the ABAP/4 programs.
Each application server has a profile called application server profile, that specifies its characteristics when it starts up and while it is running. It specifies:     
1. Number of processes and its types.          
2.Amount of memory each process may use.
3. Length of time a user is inactive before being automatically logged off.
If your ABAP/4 program requests information from the database, the application server will format the request and send it to the database server
<b>Database Server</b>
The database server is a set of executables that accepts database requests from the application server.
These requests are passed on to the RDBMS (Relation Database Management System).
The RDBMS sends the data back to the application server.
The RDBMS  may run on database server’s computer or may be installed on its own computer.
The components of application server are dispatcher, dispatcher queue, work process.
All requests that come in from presentation servers are directed first to the dispatcher.
The dispatcher writes them to the dispatcher queue.
The dispatcher pulls the requests from the queue on a first-in, first-out basis.
Each request is then allocated to the first available work process.
A work process handles one request at a time.
The work process needs two memory areas, the user context and the roll area.
The user context is a memory area that contains the information about the user.
The roll area is a memory area that contains about the program execution.
<b>User Context</b>
User context is a memory area that contains the characteristics of a user that is logged on the R/3 system.
1)It holds,     user’s current settings.               
2. The users authorizations.          
3. The names of the programs the user is currently running.
When a user logs on, the user context is allocated for that logon. When logs off, it is freed.
<b>Roll Area     </b>
A roll area is a memory that is allocated by a work process for an instance of a program.
It holds the information needed by R/3 about the program execution, such as:     1. The values of the variables               
2. The dynamic memory allocations          
3. The current program pointer.
Each time a user starts a program, a roll area is created for that instance of the program.
If two users are using the same program at the same time, two roll areas will exist-one for each user.
The roll area is freed when the program ends.
Both roll area and the user context play an important roll in dialog processing
<b>pls reward points dor useful ans</b>
<i>regards
vivek</i>
Message was edited by:
        Vivek Saxena

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    제품 : ORACLE SERVER
    작성날짜 : 2002-05-17
    ====================================================================
    Subject: Oracle Server and UNIX Transaction Processing Monitors - 1
    =====================================================================
    PURPOSE
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         o What Oracle products must a customer purchase?
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    ==============================================
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    "TOP END"      1992          UNIX SVR4: NCR
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    Transarc Corporation               Other: OS/2, DOS, HP-UX, STRATUS
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    "CICS/6000" 1993          AIX: IBM
    IBM Corporation                    (Depends on DCE)
    "CICS 9000" 1994          HP-UX
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    "VIS/TP"          unknown          unknown
    VISystems, Inc.
    11910 Greenville Avenue
    Dallas, TX 75243
    "UniKix"          1990          UNIX: ARIX, AT&T, NCR, Pyramid,
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    "MicroFocus           1993          SCO Unix, AIX
    Transaction System"
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    Newbury RG13 1JT
    UK
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    above.
    In addition, Groupe Bull, Digital, Siemens-Nixdorf, and several other hardware
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    suitable for use on UNIX systems.
    Availability and Packaging
    ==========================
    On what platforms is the XA Library available?
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    support an XA-compliant TPM. Support for XA is included as part of the
    Oracle7 Server distributed option and has no extra charge in and of itself.
    Which version of XA does Oracle Server support?
    Oracle7 Server supports the Common Application Environment (CAE) version of
    XA, based on the specification published by X/Open in late 1991. It will
    require that the TM also be at that level. This means Tuxedo /T version 4.2,
    for example.
    Oracle Server supports all required XA functions. There are some optional
    features Oracle Server does not support, such as asynchronous operation.
    None of those options affect application programming.
    Page (2/4)
    This file contains commonly asked questions about Oracle Server and UNIX
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         o Oracle Server Working with UNIX TPMs
         o TPM Application Architecture
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    Oracle Server Working with UNIX TP Monitors
    ===========================================
    Do I need XA to use Oracle Server with TPMs? If I don't use it, what are
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    DTP literature. We'll see later what the picture looks like when we add
    Oracle7 and when we switch to a modularized client-server application
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              | |
              | |
              | Application Program (AP) |
              | |
              | |
                   | | |                    |
    Resource Manager API | | | |
    (e.g. SQL) -----|--|------------- | TX API
              | | v |          |
              --------|-------------     |          |
              | v | | v
         ---------------------- | | --------------------
         | | | | | |
         | Resource | | |<----->| Transaction |
         | Managers | |--- | Manager |
         | (RMs) | |<-------->| (TM) |
         | |--- | |
         | |<----------->| |
         ---------------------- XA --------------------
                        Interface
    The XA interface is an interface between two system components, not
    an application program interface; the application program does
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    The above picture was actually simplified to make it easier to explain
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    Manager, and a Transaction Manager. The applications communicate by
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    it sends messages between applications, so that both applications can
    act of behalf of the same transaction. The following picture
    illustrates this:
    Client Application
    | AP |
    ||| | |
    SQL ||| | TX | CRM
    ||V V | API
    -||-- ----- |
    | |V | | | V
    --|-- |<---| | -----
    | V || | | | |
    ----- |<----| TM |<-->| CRM |
    | || | |XA+ | |
    | RMs |<-----| | -----
    | | XA | | A
    ----- ----- | Server Application
    | -----------------------------
    | | AP |
    | -----------------------------
    | ||| | |
    | SQL ||| | TX | CRM
    | ||V V | API
    | -||-- ----- |
    | | |V | | | V
    | --|-- |<---| | -----
    | | V || | | | |
    | ----- |<----| TM |<-->| CRM |
    | | || | |XA+ | |
    | | RMs |<-----| | -----
    | | | XA | | A
    | ----- ----- |
    | |
    | |
    -------- |
    / |
    / |
    / |
    Most TP Monitor products include both a TM and a CRM, and also provide
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    Oracle Server is very efficient at managing its own transactions. If
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    TP Monitor Application Architecture
    ===================================
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    |Application| |Application| |Application|
    | Client 1 | | Client 2 | | Client 3 |
    | | | | | |
    \ TPM API | TPM API / TPM API
    | |
    | TP Monitor Services |
    | |
         | --------------------- |
    | | Transaction Manager | |
    ---------------|---------------|---------------------
    TPM API | | XA | XA | TPM API
    | | inter- | inter- |
              | | face | face |
              | | | |
    ----------- | | -----------
    |Application| | | |Application|
    | Server 1 |--- ---| Server 2 |
    | (Pro*C) | | | | (Pro*C) |
    | SQL | SQL
    | | | |
    | Resource ----------- ----------- |
    | Manager | | | | |
    | | Oracle7 | | Oracle7 | |
    | | Server | | Server | |
    | | Process | | Process | |
    | | | | | |
    | ----------- ----------- |
    | | | |
    | ----------------------------------------------------- |
    | | | |
    | | SGA | |
    | | | |
    | ----------------------------------------------------- |
    | |
    Application client programs might be written in C and be linked with
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    Application server programs would be written in Pro*C or Pro*COBOL and
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    "tpacall
    Reference Ducumment
    ---------------------

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