Breakdown of CPU Time

Hi,
I have make a statspack about our database, and I upload about oraperf website.
But I don't understand "Breakdown of CPU Time"
Detail :
Parse CPU Time 1190 58.42%
Recursive CPU Time 1542 75.70%
Other CPU Time 18446744073709550921 -34.12%
Why The percentage is higher than 100% ?
Nicolas.

Well, you're getting a total of 100% if you include the -34.12% figure. There is clearly a bug in the computation-- you might ask the oraperf folks whether that's a bug in their application or the trace output from your database.
If you run tkprof on your trace file, that should include breakdowns of parse/execute time for each statement. If you see a lot of parsing, your application might benefit significantly by using bind variables appropriately.
Justin
Distributed Database Consulting, Inc.
http://www.ddbcinc.com/askDDBC

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am_73798 wrote:
I am trying to analyze one query using explain plan .like below
But i am getting only following columns in result .
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost |
No Cpu time preset .
How can i extimate CPU time ?You need to mention your database version (4-digits, e.g. 9.2.0.8).
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In 10g CPU costing is enabled by default and uses default NOWORKLOAD system statistics if no WORKLOAD system statistics have been gathered. It can only be disabled by setting an undocumented parameter or by changing the OPTIMIZER_FEATURES_ENABLE parameter back to 9i compatibility.
You can check the status of your system statistics by running the following query in SQL*Plus:
column sname format a20
column pname format a20
column pval2 format a20
select
sname
, pname
, pval1
, pval2
from
sys.aux_stats$;Can you show us the actual (complete) output you get from "utlxpls.sql"? Use the \ tag to preserve formatting here:
\output
\will show asoutput
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Hi Gurus,
There is a utility in our application with which we can upload an excel sheet containing data and schedule the timing of the job, now when the job is executed, each row in the excel sheet leads to dml operations on multiple tables finally leading to generation of a transaction no. Now at the start around 100-120 transaction nos were generated which goes down drastically to around 30-35 after 6-7 hours. AWR report at the two instances shows that CPU time has decreased considerably in the 2nd case.
I would like you experts to check the awr reports and suggest me the probable reason for the decrease in performance.
Brief AWR Report When Performance was OK
Snap Id Snap Time Sessions Curs/Sess
Begin Snap: 2151 14-Dec-10 16:32:57 26 3.7
End Snap: 2152 14-Dec-10 17:31:04 40 16.7
Elapsed: 58.13 (mins)
DB Time: 55.37 (mins)
Cache Sizes
~~~~~~~~~~~ Begin End
Buffer Cache: 436M 444M Std Block Size: 8K
Shared Pool Size: 120M 120M Log Buffer: 6,968K
Load Profile
~~~~~~~~~~~~ Per Second Per Transaction
Redo size: 27,541.56 1,747.07
Logical reads: 49,830.97 3,160.97
Block changes: 181.79 11.53
Physical reads: 1,270.12 80.57
Physical writes: 2.81 0.18
User calls: 119.95 7.61
Parses: 200.94 12.75
Hard parses: 29.29 1.86
Sorts: 91.80 5.82
Logons: 0.03 0.00
Executes: 457.16 29.00
Transactions: 15.76
% Blocks changed per Read: 0.36 Recursive Call %: 96.36
Rollback per transaction %: 0.01 Rows per Sort: 270.64
Instance Efficiency Percentages (Target 100%)
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Buffer Nowait %: 100.00 Redo NoWait %: 100.00
Buffer Hit %: 97.45 In-memory Sort %: 100.00
Library Hit %: 90.18 Soft Parse %: 85.42
Execute to Parse %: 56.05 Latch Hit %: 100.00
Parse CPU to Parse Elapsd %: 98.04 % Non-Parse CPU: 94.98
Shared Pool Statistics Begin End
Memory Usage %: 72.65 84.55
% SQL with executions>1: 71.49 75.08
% Memory for SQL w/exec>1: 84.79 85.25
Top 5 Timed Events Avg %Total
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ wait Call
Event Waits Time (s) (ms) Time Wait Class
CPU time 2,541 76.5
db file scattered read 284,992 410 1 12.3 User I/O
log file parallel write 31,188 145 5 4.4 System I/O
TCP Socket (KGAS) 24 131 5459 3.9 Network
log file sync 8,617 46 5 1.4 Commit
Time Model Statistics DB/Inst: ABCTEST/abctest Snaps: 2151-2152
-> Total time in database user-calls (DB Time): 3322.4s
-> Statistics including the word "background" measure background process
time, and so do not contribute to the DB time statistic
-> Ordered by % or DB time desc, Statistic name
Statistic Name Time (s) % of DB Time
sql execute elapsed time 3,176.8 95.6
DB CPU 2,541.1 76.5
PL/SQL execution elapsed time 288.5 8.7
parse time elapsed 278.7 8.4
hard parse elapsed time 254.6 7.7
PL/SQL compilation elapsed time 28.9 .9
failed parse elapsed time 4.9 .1
hard parse (sharing criteria) elapsed time 1.3 .0
sequence load elapsed time 1.1 .0
repeated bind elapsed time 1.1 .0
connection management call elapsed time 0.7 .0
hard parse (bind mismatch) elapsed time 0.3 .0
DB time 3,322.4 N/A
background elapsed time 197.1 N/A
background cpu time 5.6 N/A
Wait Class DB/Inst: ABCTEST/abctest Snaps: 2151-2152
-> s - second
-> cs - centisecond - 100th of a second
-> ms - millisecond - 1000th of a second
-> us - microsecond - 1000000th of a second
-> ordered by wait time desc, waits desc
Avg
%Time Total Wait wait Waits
Wait Class Waits -outs Time (s) (ms) /txn
User I/O 292,720 .0 427 1 5.3
System I/O 37,408 .0 190 5 0.7
Network 272,062 .0 132 0 4.9
Commit 8,617 .0 46 5 0.2
Configuration 4 .0 2 593 0.0
Application 3,212 .0 0 0 0.1
Other 280 .4 0 0 0.0
Concurrency 247 .0 0 0 0.0
Wait Events DB/Inst: ABCTEST/abctest Snaps: 2151-2152
-> s - second
-> cs - centisecond - 100th of a second
-> ms - millisecond - 1000th of a second
-> us - microsecond - 1000000th of a second
-> ordered by wait time desc, waits desc (idle events last)
Avg
%Time Total Wait wait Waits
Event Waits -outs Time (s) (ms) /txn
db file scattered read 284,992 .0 410 1 5.2
log file parallel write 31,188 .0 145 5 0.6
TCP Socket (KGAS) 24 .0 131 5459 0.0
log file sync 8,617 .0 46 5 0.2
db file parallel write 4,215 .0 29 7 0.1
db file sequential read 7,634 .0 16 2 0.1
control file parallel write 1,202 .0 16 13 0.0
Streams AQ: enqueue blocked 1 .0 2 2055 0.0
control file sequential read 795 .0 1 1 0.0
Data file init write 48 .0 0 9 0.0
SQL*Net message to client 266,802 .0 0 0 4.9
log file switch completion 3 .0 0 106 0.0
SQL*Net break/reset to clien 3,212 .0 0 0 0.1
SQL*Net more data to client 4,789 .0 0 0 0.1
direct path write 23 .0 0 3 0.0
rdbms ipc reply 67 .0 0 1 0.0
kksfbc child completion 1 100.0 0 47 0.0
latch: shared pool 213 .0 0 0 0.0
latch: library cache 26 .0 0 1 0.0
log file single write 4 .0 0 7 0.0
log file sequential read 4 .0 0 5 0.0
db file single write 3 .0 0 5 0.0
os thread startup 3 .0 0 4 0.0
enq: JS - queue lock 4 .0 0 3 0.0
LGWR wait for redo copy 207 .0 0 0 0.0
library cache pin 1 .0 0 6 0.0
SQL*Net more data from clien 447 .0 0 0 0.0
library cache load lock 1 .0 0 2 0.0
latch: cache buffers chains 1 .0 0 0 0.0
latch: row cache objects 1 .0 0 0 0.0
direct path read 20 .0 0 0 0.0
latch free 1 .0 0 0 0.0
cursor: mutex S 1 .0 0 0 0.0
SQL*Net message from client 266,789 .0 64,143 240 4.9
Streams AQ: qmn slave idle w 124 .0 3,488 28127 0.0
Streams AQ: qmn coordinator 257 51.4 3,488 13571 0.0
virtual circuit status 116 100.0 3,480 29999 0.0
Streams AQ: waiting for time 5 60.0 745 148902 0.0
jobq slave wait 52 96.2 155 2987 0.0
PL/SQL lock timer 16 100.0 16 995 0.0
class slave wait 1 100.0 5 4995 0.0
Background Wait Events DB/Inst: ABCTEST/abctest Snaps: 2151-2152
-> ordered by wait time desc, waits desc (idle events last)
Avg
%Time Total Wait wait Waits
Event Waits -outs Time (s) (ms) /txn
log file parallel write 31,188 .0 145 5 0.6
db file parallel write 4,215 .0 29 7 0.1
control file parallel write 1,193 .0 16 13 0.0
Streams AQ: enqueue blocked 1 .0 2 2055 0.0
control file sequential read 691 .0 0 1 0.0
db file sequential read 66 .0 0 5 0.0
direct path write 23 .0 0 3 0.0
log file single write 4 .0 0 7 0.0
log file sequential read 4 .0 0 5 0.0
events in waitclass Other 211 .0 0 0 0.0
os thread startup 3 .0 0 4 0.0
db file scattered read 1 .0 0 13 0.0
latch: shared pool 5 .0 0 0 0.0
direct path read 20 .0 0 0 0.0
latch: library cache 1 .0 0 0 0.0
rdbms ipc message 34,411 32.3 30,621 890 0.6
Streams AQ: qmn slave idle w 124 .0 3,488 28127 0.0
Streams AQ: qmn coordinator 257 51.4 3,488 13571 0.0
pmon timer 1,235 100.0 3,486 2822 0.0
smon timer 19 47.4 3,460 182099 0.0
Streams AQ: waiting for time 5 60.0 745 148902 0.0
class slave wait 1 100.0 5 4995 0.0
Operating System Statistics DB/Inst: ABCTEST/abctest Snaps: 2151-2152
Statistic Total
AVG_BUSY_TIME 81,951
AVG_IDLE_TIME 266,698
AVG_SYS_TIME 10,482
AVG_USER_TIME 71,389
BUSY_TIME 328,163
IDLE_TIME 1,067,144
SYS_TIME 42,281
USER_TIME 285,882
RSRC_MGR_CPU_WAIT_TIME 0
VM_IN_BYTES 1,625,600,000
VM_OUT_BYTES 145,162,240
PHYSICAL_MEMORY_BYTES 3,755,851,776
NUM_CPUS 4
NUM_CPU_CORES 1
Brief AWR Report When Performance* Deteriorated.
Snap Id Snap Time Sessions Curs/Sess
Begin Snap: 2168 15-Dec-10 08:31:05 32 18.4
End Snap: 2169 15-Dec-10 09:30:56 32 18.3
Elapsed: 59.85 (mins)
DB Time: 17.97 (mins)
Cache Sizes
~~~~~~~~~~~ Begin End
Buffer Cache: 448M 448M Std Block Size: 8K
Shared Pool Size: 116M 116M Log Buffer: 6,968K
Load Profile
~~~~~~~~~~~~ Per Second Per Transaction
Redo size: 10,503.58 1,792.02
Logical reads: 17,583.21 2,999.87
Block changes: 68.60 11.70
Physical reads: 472.37 80.59
Physical writes: 1.54 0.26
User calls: 39.12 6.67
Parses: 53.32 9.10
Hard parses: 7.99 1.36
Sorts: 13.84 2.36
Logons: 0.00 0.00
Executes: 130.30 22.23
Transactions: 5.86
% Blocks changed per Read: 0.39 Recursive Call %: 94.39
Rollback per transaction %: 0.00 Rows per Sort: 691.64
Instance Efficiency Percentages (Target 100%)
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Buffer Nowait %: 100.00 Redo NoWait %: 100.00
Buffer Hit %: 97.31 In-memory Sort %: 100.00
Library Hit %: 92.41 Soft Parse %: 85.02
Execute to Parse %: 59.08 Latch Hit %: 100.00
Parse CPU to Parse Elapsd %: 100.28 % Non-Parse CPU: 95.35
Shared Pool Statistics Begin End
Memory Usage %: 88.40 88.48
% SQL with executions>1: 76.15 80.48
% Memory for SQL w/exec>1: 86.82 88.85
Top 5 Timed Events Avg %Total
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ wait Call
Event Waits Time (s) (ms) Time Wait Class
CPU time 918 85.1
db file scattered read 113,003 127 1 11.7 User I/O
log file parallel write 11,978 52 4 4.8 System I/O
db file parallel write 3,089 16 5 1.4 System I/O
control file parallel write 1,217 15 13 1.4 System I/O
Time Model Statistics DB/Inst: ABCTEST/abctest Snaps: 2168-2169
-> Total time in database user-calls (DB Time): 1078.1s
-> Statistics including the word "background" measure background process
time, and so do not contribute to the DB time statistic
-> Ordered by % or DB time desc, Statistic name
Statistic Name Time (s) % of DB Time
sql execute elapsed time 1,032.1 95.7
DB CPU 917.6 85.1
parse time elapsed 71.8 6.7
hard parse elapsed time 52.4 4.9
PL/SQL execution elapsed time 7.2 .7
PL/SQL compilation elapsed time 6.2 .6
failed parse elapsed time 1.8 .2
sequence load elapsed time 0.4 .0
repeated bind elapsed time 0.3 .0
connection management call elapsed time 0.1 .0
hard parse (sharing criteria) elapsed time 0.0 .0
hard parse (bind mismatch) elapsed time 0.0 .0
DB time 1,078.1 N/A
background elapsed time 89.4 N/A
background cpu time 6.4 N/A
Wait Class DB/Inst: ABCTEST/abctest Snaps: 2168-2169
-> s - second
-> cs - centisecond - 100th of a second
-> ms - millisecond - 1000th of a second
-> us - microsecond - 1000000th of a second
-> ordered by wait time desc, waits desc
Avg
%Time Total Wait wait Waits
Wait Class Waits -outs Time (s) (ms) /txn
User I/O 122,810 .0 133 1 5.8
System I/O 17,013 .0 83 5 0.8
Commit 3,129 .0 14 5 0.1
Network 90,186 .0 0 0 4.3
Configuration 2 .0 0 63 0.0
Application 1,120 .0 0 0 0.1
Other 112 .0 0 0 0.0
Concurrency 2 .0 0 6 0.0
Wait Events DB/Inst: ABCTEST/abctest Snaps: 2168-2169
-> s - second
-> cs - centisecond - 100th of a second
-> ms - millisecond - 1000th of a second
-> us - microsecond - 1000000th of a second
-> ordered by wait time desc, waits desc (idle events last)
Avg
%Time Total Wait wait Waits
Event Waits -outs Time (s) (ms) /txn
db file scattered read 113,003 .0 127 1 5.4
log file parallel write 11,978 .0 52 4 0.6
db file parallel write 3,089 .0 16 5 0.1
control file parallel write 1,217 .0 15 13 0.1
log file sync 3,129 .0 14 5 0.1
db file sequential read 9,753 .0 6 1 0.5
control file sequential read 725 .0 0 0 0.0
Data file init write 32 .0 0 7 0.0
SQL*Net message to client 88,906 .0 0 0 4.2
log file switch completion 2 .0 0 63 0.0
SQL*Net break/reset to clien 1,120 .0 0 0 0.1
rdbms ipc reply 4 .0 0 8 0.0
direct path write 10 .0 0 3 0.0
SQL*Net more data to client 1,120 .0 0 0 0.1
db file single write 2 .0 0 6 0.0
os thread startup 2 .0 0 6 0.0
log file single write 2 .0 0 4 0.0
log file sequential read 2 .0 0 3 0.0
SQL*Net more data from clien 160 .0 0 0 0.0
LGWR wait for redo copy 108 .0 0 0 0.0
direct path read 10 .0 0 0 0.0
SQL*Net message from client 88,906 .0 55,500 624 4.2
virtual circuit status 120 100.0 3,588 29900 0.0
Streams AQ: qmn slave idle w 127 .0 3,550 27949 0.0
Streams AQ: qmn coordinator 260 51.2 3,550 13652 0.0
class slave wait 2 100.0 10 4994 0.0
SGA: MMAN sleep for componen 9 22.2 0 4 0.0
Background Wait Events DB/Inst: ABCTEST/abctest Snaps: 2168-2169
-> ordered by wait time desc, waits desc (idle events last)
Avg
%Time Total Wait wait Waits
Event Waits -outs Time (s) (ms) /txn
log file parallel write 11,978 .0 52 4 0.6
db file parallel write 3,089 .0 16 5 0.1
control file parallel write 1,211 .0 15 13 0.1
db file scattered read 175 .0 0 1 0.0
control file sequential read 33 .0 0 2 0.0
db file sequential read 53 .0 0 1 0.0
direct path write 10 .0 0 3 0.0
os thread startup 2 .0 0 6 0.0
log file single write 2 .0 0 4 0.0
log file sequential read 2 .0 0 3 0.0
events in waitclass Other 108 .0 0 0 0.0
direct path read 10 .0 0 0 0.0
rdbms ipc message 19,991 57.4 31,320 1567 0.9
pmon timer 1,208 100.0 3,590 2972 0.1
Streams AQ: qmn slave idle w 127 .0 3,550 27949 0.0
Streams AQ: qmn coordinator 260 51.2 3,550 13652 0.0
smon timer 12 100.0 3,302 275149 0.0
SGA: MMAN sleep for componen 9 22.2 0 4 0.0
Operating System Statistics DB/Inst: ABCTEST/abctest Snaps: 2168-2169
Statistic Total
AVG_BUSY_TIME 30,152
AVG_IDLE_TIME 328,781
AVG_SYS_TIME 4,312
AVG_USER_TIME 25,757
BUSY_TIME 120,981
IDLE_TIME 1,315,433
SYS_TIME 17,612
USER_TIME 103,369
RSRC_MGR_CPU_WAIT_TIME 0
VM_IN_BYTES 353,361,920
VM_OUT_BYTES 163,041,280
PHYSICAL_MEMORY_BYTES 3,755,851,776
NUM_CPUS 4
NUM_CPU_CORES 1
Request you to help me.
Thanks in Advance,
Rajesh

Hi CKPT,
Thanks for your reply.
The main finding that I have got from addm report (in both the cases i.e when performance was good initially vis a vis when performance deteriorated is the same -
FINDING 1: 100% impact (3234 seconds)
Significant virtual memory paging was detected on the host operating system.
RECOMMENDATION 1: Host Configuration, 100% benefit (3234 seconds)
ACTION: Host operating system was experiencing significant paging but no
particular root cause could be detected. Investigate processes that
do not belong to this instance running on the host that are consuming
significant amount of virtual memory. Also consider adding more
physical memory to the host.
I still am unable to find out the reasons ... pls help.
Thanks
Rajesh

This new version of FireFox is making me nutz! It is SUCKING 100% CPU time almost constantly. I could just pull my hair out. I wpdated once a month or so ag

I tried to add this in the topic already open but it kept sending me through the unending rabbit holes!
My question is: How do I figure out what release I was on, get rid of this one and got back to a functional firefox that moves in realtime. I already did all the reset and etc.... I just want to go back to the speed I had. This halting , hanging up misery of a browzer is Sad. I have had firefox for years and always recommended it ..... BUT NOT ANY MORE. I agree with the other poster ... there should be a rollback feature. Peoples time has value and right now FireFox is sucking the value down a rabbit hole.
See Below Comment Feedback submitted before I finally got here:
This new version of FireFox is making me nutz! It is SUCKING 100% CPU time almost constantly. I could just pull my hair out. I wpdated once a month or so ago and it slowed down..... but the latest update before I did the reset really slowed me down. I came here to fix it a couple of dayz ago and did the reset firefox and now it IS RUNNING SO POORLY AND SLOW I AM ABOUT TO KILL IT OFF MY MACHINE!!! Yes that is me yelling - and it happened in SSSSSSSSSSSSS LLLLLLLLL OOOOOOOO WWWWWWWWWW Motion. I have run all the security scans and cleanups ---this needs a fix ASAP!!! PS: The hang ups and slowness is EVERYWHERE I go. I only get speed doing programs not connected to ON LINE.

Hello,
The Reset Firefox feature can fix many issues by restoring Firefox to its factory default state while saving your essential information.
Note: ''This will cause you to lose any Extensions, Open websites, and some Preferences.''
To Reset Firefox do the following:
#Go to Firefox > Help > Troubleshooting Information.
#Click the "Reset Firefox" button.
#Firefox will close and reset. After Firefox is done, it will show a window with the information that is imported. Click Finish.
#Firefox will open with all factory defaults applied.
Further information can be found in the [[Reset Firefox – easily fix most problems]] article.
Did this fix your problems? Please report back to us!
Thank you.

Question about how to extract CPU time

Hello,
I want to use JAVA program to extract my CPU timestamp or time span between two event, e.g between message transmitting and receiving.I don't know which core API can be used to realize the precision of nano second.
are there any API, which can count the CPU cycles in JAVA?
My platform is Linux (ubuntu)
Thank you in advance

kajbj wrote:
webscape wrote:
*(y-x)* should be your answerNo, that will not give CPU time.Also, those methods are (relatively) extremely slow which can, in itself, skew the results. You should be using the nano timer for this kind of thing.

CPU Time in Top 5 Timed Events

Hi,
We have a 2 node RAC database(10.2.0.3) on Solaris 10.
There is performance issue with CMRO application R12.
In database I see CPU time consistently as the top wait event in the Top 5 Timed Events.
This is mostl followed by db file sequential read.
For one of the days:
Top 5 Timed Events
Event Waits Time(s) Avg Wait(ms) % Total Call Time Wait Class
CPU time 8,383 82.8
db file sequential read 173,417 838 5 8.3 User I/O
SQL*Net break/reset to client 26,015 651 25 6.4 Application
enq: TX - row lock contention 1,063 356 335 3.5 Application
gcs log flush sync 37,747 88 2 .9 Other
For other day:
Top 5 Timed Events
Event Waits Time(s) Avg Wait(ms) % Total Call Time Wait Class
CPU time 25,286 62.0
db file sequential read 2,644,332 8,267 3 20.3 User I/O
gc buffer busy 1,358,725 3,830 3 9.4 Cluster
read by other session 438,494 1,169 3 2.9 User I/O
SQL*Net more data to client 19,423 879 45 2.2 Network
Any idea of the of the bottleneck?
Thanks

8 CPUs, load average 4, runqueue 0 and usage 30-35%
Does this indicate any issue with system resourcesNO. Not at all.
However a poor schema design or inefficient SQL execution can mean that a query that should do 100 'consistent gets' is doing 10,000 'consistent gets' -- in the buffer cache, consuming CPU and not waiting for I/O. This is a scenario where you have idle CPU but CPU usage is inefficient. (Thus, for example, adding more CPUs will not help your users at all).
So you should look at the queries and see if queries can be improved.
If, on the other hand, users are not complaining of performance and all response times are within expectations, than you have no issue at all.
Hemant K Chitale

Understanding statspack report(CPU time in top time events)

Hi,
I am using oracle 9.2.0.8 RAC on SUN solaris platform.I am trying to understand my DB statistics using the below statspack report.Can you please coment on the below report
My quetions/thoughts are:
1) CPU time is in the top timed events,Is that eman some need to do with CPU increase.Was CPU bottleneck?
2) Parse CPU to Parse Elapsd %: 80.28 .Is this means I am hard parsing most of the time.How can identify which queries doing more hard parses.what is mean by% Non-Parse CPU: 98.76
3) Memory Usage %: 96.25 96.64.It seems to be there is too much memory usage.Can you elaborate this usage about what could be the reasons for this to happen
4) global cache cr request is coming in the top wait evetns and top timed events.Is there some issue with RAC?
5) can you please explain about 5 CR Blocks Served (RAC) and 5 CU Blocks Served (RAC) and Top 5 ITL Waits per
Your help is appreciated!!
Load Profile
~~~~~~~~~~~~ Per Second Per Transaction
Redo size: 2,101,521.49 18,932.15
Logical reads: 91,525.82 824.54
Block changes: 6,720.68 60.55
Physical reads: 5,644.92 50.85
Physical writes: 464.97 4.19
User calls: 922.79 8.31
Parses: 342.37 3.08
Hard parses: 1.52 0.01
Sorts: 324.18 2.92
Logons: 2.66 0.02
Executes: 2,131.75 19.20
Transactions: 111.00
% Blocks changed per Read: 7.34 Recursive Call %: 78.48
Rollback per transaction %: 22.43 Rows per Sort: 15.89
Instance Efficiency Percentages (Target 100%)
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Buffer Nowait %: 99.66 Redo NoWait %: 100.00
Buffer Hit %: 93.86 In-memory Sort %: 100.00
Library Hit %: 99.95 Soft Parse %: 99.56
Execute to Parse %: 83.94 Latch Hit %: 99.79
Parse CPU to Parse Elapsd %: 80.28 % Non-Parse CPU: 98.76
Shared Pool Statistics Begin End
Memory Usage %: 96.25 96.64
% SQL with executions>1: 34.19 32.67
% Memory for SQL w/exec>1: 39.87 40.47
Top 5 Timed Events
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ % Total
Event Waits Time (s) Ela Time
CPU time 10,406 42.54
db file sequential read 1,707,372 4,282 17.51
global cache cr request 2,566,822 2,369 9.68
db file scattered read 1,109,892 1,719 7.03
SQL*Net break/reset to client 17,287 1,348 5.51
Wait Events for DB: Instance:
-> s - second
-> cs - centisecond - 100th of a second
-> ms - millisecond - 1000th of a second
-> us - microsecond - 1000000th of a second
-> ordered by wait time desc, waits desc (idle events last)
Avg
Total Wait wait Waits
Event Waits Timeouts Time (s) (ms) /txn
db file sequential read 1,707,372 0 4,282 3 8.5
global cache cr request 2,566,822 3,356 2,369 1 12.8
db file scattered read 1,109,892 0 1,719 2 5.5
SQL*Net break/reset to clien 17,287 0 1,348 78 0.1
buffer busy waits 312,198 11 1,082 3 1.6
Message was edited by:
user509266

This statspack taken for 30 minutes interval.We have 16 CPU's.We never got ORA-4031 errors.It means you have 16 * 30 * 60 = 28,800 seconds CPU available during the interval but you only used 10,406. So you don't have a CPU problem.
For Statspack documentation, you can have a look to <ORACLE_HOME>/rdbms/admin/spdoc.txt, Metalink note 228913.1, Jonathan Lewis Scratchpad, books commended by Rajesh Kumar Yogi and also to http://www.oracle.com/technology/deploy/performance/index.html

[Solved] embedded videos in firefox take a lot of CPU time

Playing embeded videos in Firefox take a lot of CPU time. Actually my old computer is not able to play these videos correctly if they are in HD. The problem appears with flash videos (not so surprising, flash sucks...) but also with html5 videos (there is an option in youtube to turn that on). However if I succeed to have the direct URL, these videos play perfecrtlky fine in mplayer using not more than 10-20% of CPU time. Is there a solution to that? Is there any possibility to use an external player to play HTML5 videos in firefox? If anybody knows, Why this problem, are the mozilla folk aware of this problem? (Note that I posted a thread a long time ago for this problem but concerning flash only)
Last edited by olive (2012-04-27 20:33:59)

There's not much you can do to make HTML5 videos as fast as Xv, see http://swfdec.freedesktop.org/wiki/FAQ. They are slow for the same basic reason as Flash... the video overlay cannot be used because the standard allows for controls and CSS to be rendered on top of the video.
As for redirecting to an external player... this is not as easy as it could be. If the videos appeared in <embed> tags or <object> tags, one could use Mozplugger, Media Player Connectivity and other programs, but I don't think one has been written to handle the <video> tag. An upcoming update to firefox will make it use gstreamer, however. If this still results in slow playback, it will at least make it easier to use an external player. I imagine you would have to patch firefox to make it use a port on the localhost as the video sink instead of the screen. Then you would run gst-launch to receive that RTP stream.

Kernel task is hogging lots of threads and CPU time

My Mavericks Quad Macbook Pro is getting pretty slow these days and at some point I'll have to reinstall everything I think. However I can't start that for a while as I have important projects on the go. I looked in Activity Monitor first and I can see a kernel task constantly running with no indication of what it is doing. So I opened Console and looked at the Diagnostic log. I can see a lot of lines referring to com.apple.message. Hundreds of identical lines actually. I did not have Messages running so I opened it, and sure enough that showed up in console live. However the log shows a slightly different app and a totally different UUID, which seems odd.
Anybody understand what this is all about? See below. I opened one of the endlessly repeating items plus one that I know is from the Messages app below it.
23/03/2015 08:28:29.242 UserEventAgent[235]: com.apple.message.domain: com.apple.usage.app_activetime
com.apple.message.signature: universalAccessAuthWarn
com.apple.message.signature2: com.apple.accessibility.universalAccessAuthWarn ||| 1.0 (190.1)
com.apple.message.value: 633
com.apple.message.value2: 0
com.apple.message.value3: 0
com.apple.message.value4: 0
com.apple.message.value5: 0
com.apple.message.value6: 0
com.apple.message.value7: 0
com.apple.message.result: NO
com.apple.message.summarize: YES
Sender_Mach_UUID: 55428B1C-9198-32BF-80EA-4731081F402E
23/03/2015 08:44:17.426 Messages[8722]: com.apple.message.domain: com.apple.iChat.app.weeklyStats
com.apple.message.video_chat_passed: 0
com.apple.message.video_chat_failed: 0
com.apple.message.video_chat_noop: 0
com.apple.message.audio_chat_passed: 0
com.apple.message.audio_chat_failed: 0
com.apple.message.audio_chat_noop: 0
com.apple.message.screen_sharing_passed: 0
com.apple.message.screen_sharing_failed: 0
com.apple.message.screen_sharing_noop: 0
com.apple.message.average_message_length: 0.000000
com.apple.message.messages_sent: 0
com.apple.message.messages_received: 0
com.apple.message.sms_sent: 0
com.apple.message.sms_menu_used: User never selected SMS menu
com.apple.message.result: pass
com.apple.message.imessage_offered_upgrades: 0
com.apple.message.imessage_upgrades: 0
com.apple.message.imessage_declines: 0
com.apple.message.imessages_sent: 0
com.apple.message.imessages_received: 0
Sender_Mach_UUID: 212E34A8-B310-3729-8D11-879E9985A0BD
23/03/2015 08:44:17.427 Messages[8722]: com.apple.message.domain: com.apple.iChat.app.servicesUsedThisWeek
com.apple.message.aim: 0
com.apple.message.bonjour: 0
com.apple.message.yahoo: 0
com.apple.message.jabber: 0
com.apple.message.google_talk: 0
com.apple.message.imessage: 1
com.apple.message.other: 0
com.apple.message.result: pass
Sender_Mach_UUID: 212E34A8-B310-3729-8D11-879E9985A0BD
23/03/2015 08:44:32.607 Messages[8722]: com.apple.message.domain: com.apple.iChat.app.prefs
com.apple.message.one_on_one_style: com.apple.iChat.Styles.Balloons-ShowPictures
com.apple.message.group_style: com.apple.iChat.Styles.Balloons-ShowPictures
com.apple.message.incoming_bg_color: Automatic
com.apple.message.outgoing_bg_color: Automatic
com.apple.message.incoming_font: Default 12.000000
com.apple.message.outgoing_font: Default 12.000000
com.apple.message.save_history: Don't Save
Sender_Mach_UUID: 212E34A8-B310-3729-8D11-879E9985A0BD

The kernel_task is the heart of the operating system. It will have on the order of a 100 threads (more or less). So when you ask the operating system to do something, like read/write a disk, do network I/O, talk to your mouse/trackpad, keyboard, monitor, etc... kernel_task is the code that is going to do that at the lowest levels.
Also if you have installed any 3rd party drivers (kernel extensions), they are going to become part of kernel_task and the CPU time they use will be part of kernel_task.
If you have anti-malware, Mac cleaner or memory cleaner software installed, many of these packages install drivers that then try to out-guess the kernel_task and often result in slowing down the system, interfering with the normal operation of the system, or causing kernel panics. These kinds of packages are not recommended by long term forum contributors.
Please provide the output from EtreCheck, which will show the 3rd party additions you have installed.
<https://discussions.apple.com/docs/DOC-6174>

Too much exclusive CPU time counted at swapcontext function

Hi,
I'm using Sun Studio Express March 2009 Build, especially Performance Analyzer, and I have observed some hardly understandable CPU times measured at swapcontext function of libc library.
Here is my machine spec.
Two-way Intel E5320 processors with 16GB memory
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 10 SP1 (x86_64)
My program consisted of 8 threads (pthread), and around a hundred of user contexts (coroutines or fibers) run on every single thread. I'm using makecontext/swapcontext for creating/scheduling user contexts on threads.
I'm using both Sun Studio Performance Analyzer and Intel VTune Performance Analyzer.
My problem is that performance analyzer reported about 20% of total CPU time as the exclusive CPU time of swapcontext function, while I couldn't find as many HW event samples related to swapcontext by using VTune.
To narrow down the problem scope, I made simple test program, and I reproduced the problem. I attached the test program generator written by bash script at the end of this message.
I generated the test program with following command.
% bash code_gen.sh 8 128 100000 1000
Then, you can get the test program, which consists of 8 threads with 128 user contexts at each threads, and 100000 times of context switch at each user context.
In my system, Sun Studio Performance Analyzer reported 328 seconds of exclusive CPU time at swapcontext out of 463 seconds total CPU time (CPU Time of <Total>). Briefly, swapcontext consumed about 70% of total CPU time.
However, according to VTune sampling, both libc-2.4.so and vmlinux-2.6.16.46-0.12-smp consume only 8% of total clockticks.
It's too large gap between Sun Studio and VTune.
Have you seen this kind of problem? Do you know why this mismatch happens?
Or how can I estimate actual swapcontext cost?
Thank you for reading my post, and I'm looking forward to some hints about my problem.
Colin
---- code_gen.sh ----
#!/bin/bash
usage()
     echo "code_gen.sh <num_threads> <num_task> <num_loop> <func_body_size>"
test()
     local num_threads=$1
     local num_tasks=$2
     local func_loop=$3
     local func_body_size=$4
     local file_name="mytest_${num_threads}_${num_tasks}_${func_loop}_${func_body_size}"
     main_func_gen $num_tasks $func_loop $func_body_size > $file_name.c
     gcc -O2 $file_name.c -o $file_name -lpthread
sub_func_gen()
     local func_id=$1
     local func_loop=$2
     local func_body_size=$3
     local num_tasks=$4
     cat <<!
static void f$1(int threadId)
     volatile int c = 0;
     int i = 0;
     for(i = 0; i < $func_loop; ++i)
     for i in `seq 1 $func_body_size`; do
          echo "          c+=1;";
     done
     cat <<!
          swapcontext(&ctx[threadId][$func_id], &ctx[threadId][($func_id+1)%$num_tasks]);
main_func_gen()
     num_tasks=$1
     func_loop=$2
     func_body_size=$3
     cat <<!
#include <stdio.h>
#include <ucontext.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <pthread.h>
static ucontext_t **ctx;
static ucontext_t *mctx;
static pthread_t *pThreads;
     for i in `seq 0 $((num_tasks-1))`; do
          sub_func_gen $i $func_loop $func_body_size $num_tasks
     done
     cat <<!
int
threadMain (int* pThreadId)
char** st = NULL;
int i = 0;
int* ret = NULL;
     int threadId=*pThreadId;
printf("$num_tasks tasks on %d thread\n", threadId);
st = (char**)malloc(sizeof(char*)*$num_tasks);
ctx[threadId] =(ucontext_t*)malloc(sizeof(ucontext_t)*$num_tasks);
ret = (int*)malloc(sizeof(int)*$num_tasks);
     for i in `seq 0 $((num_tasks-1))`; do
          cat <<!
st[$i] = (char*)malloc(sizeof(char)*8192);
getcontext(&ctx[threadId][$i]);
ctx[threadId][$i].uc_stack.ss_sp = st[$i];
ctx[threadId][$i].uc_stack.ss_size = 8192;
ctx[threadId][$i].uc_link = &mctx[threadId];
makecontext(&ctx[threadId][$i], f$i, 1, threadId);
     done
     cat <<!
//printf("start\n");
swapcontext(&mctx[threadId], &ctx[threadId][0]);
return 0;
int
main(int argc, char* argv[])
     int num_threads = $num_threads;
     int rc;
     pthread_attr_t attr;
     void *status;
struct timeval begin, end;
     int *threadId;
     int i;
     printf("%d threads\n", num_threads);
     pthread_attr_init(&attr);
     pthread_attr_setdetachstate(&attr, PTHREAD_CREATE_JOINABLE);
     pThreads = (pthread_t*)malloc(sizeof(pthread_t)*num_threads);
     mctx = (ucontext_t*)malloc(sizeof(ucontext_t)*num_threads);
     ctx = (ucontext_t**)malloc(sizeof(ucontext_t*)*num_threads);
     threadId = (int*)malloc(sizeof(int)*num_threads);
     // begin time measurement
gettimeofday(&begin, NULL);
     for(i=0; i < num_threads; ++i)
          threadId[i] = i;
          rc = pthread_create(&pThreads, &attr, threadMain, (void*)&threadId[i]);
          if(rc)
               printf("ERROR; return code from pthread_create is %d\n", rc);
               exit(-1);
     pthread_attr_destroy(&attr);
     for(i = 0; i < num_threads; ++i)
          rc = pthread_join(pThreads[i], &status);
          if(rc)
               printf("ERROR; return code from pthread_join is %d\n", rc);
               exit(-1);
     // end time measurement
gettimeofday(&end, NULL);
printf("finished. Elapsed time=%dms\n", ((end.tv_sec - begin.tv_sec)*1000000+(end.tv_usec - begin.tv_usec))/1000);
     pthread_exit(NULL);
if [[ $# -ne 4 ]]; then
     usage
     exit 0
fi
test $1 $2 $3 $4

Hi Nik,
Oh! I didn't know that. Here I put my code again. I'm sorry for your confusion.
#!/bin/bash
usage()
     echo "code_gen.sh <num_threads> <num_task> <num_loop> <func_body_size>"
test()
     local num_threads=$1
     local num_tasks=$2
     local func_loop=$3
     local func_body_size=$4
     local file_name="mytest_${num_threads}_${num_tasks}_${func_loop}_${func_body_size}"
     main_func_gen $num_tasks $func_loop $func_body_size > $file_name.c
     gcc -O2 $file_name.c -o $file_name -lpthread
sub_func_gen()
     local func_id=$1
     local func_loop=$2
     local func_body_size=$3
     local num_tasks=$4
     cat <<!
static void f$1(int threadId)
     volatile int c = 0;
     int i = 0;
     for(i = 0; i < $func_loop; ++i)
     for i in `seq 1 $func_body_size`; do
          echo "          c+=1;";
     done
     cat <<!
          swapcontext(&ctx[threadId][$func_id], &ctx[threadId][($func_id+1)%$num_tasks]);
main_func_gen()
     num_tasks=$1
     func_loop=$2
     func_body_size=$3
     cat <<!
#include <stdio.h>
#include <ucontext.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <pthread.h>
static ucontext_t **ctx;
static ucontext_t *mctx;
static pthread_t *pThreads;
     for i in `seq 0 $((num_tasks-1))`; do
          sub_func_gen $i $func_loop $func_body_size $num_tasks
     done
     cat <<!
int
threadMain (int* pThreadId)
    char** st = NULL;
    int i = 0;
    int* ret = NULL;
     int threadId=*pThreadId;
    printf("$num_tasks tasks on %d thread\n", threadId);
    st = (char**)malloc(sizeof(char*)*$num_tasks);
    ctx[threadId] =(ucontext_t*)malloc(sizeof(ucontext_t)*$num_tasks);
    ret = (int*)malloc(sizeof(int)*$num_tasks);
     for i in `seq 0 $((num_tasks-1))`; do
          cat <<!
        st[$i] = (char*)malloc(sizeof(char)*8192);
        getcontext(&ctx[threadId][$i]);
        ctx[threadId][$i].uc_stack.ss_sp = st[$i];
        ctx[threadId][$i].uc_stack.ss_size = 8192;
        ctx[threadId][$i].uc_link = &mctx[threadId];
        makecontext(&ctx[threadId][$i], f$i, 1, threadId);
     done
     cat <<!
    //printf("start\n");
    swapcontext(&mctx[threadId], &ctx[threadId][0]);
    return 0;
int
main(int argc, char* argv[])
     int num_threads = $num_threads;
     int rc;
     pthread_attr_t attr;
     void *status;
    struct timeval begin, end;
     int *threadId;
     int i;
     printf("%d threads\n", num_threads);
     pthread_attr_init(&attr);
     pthread_attr_setdetachstate(&attr, PTHREAD_CREATE_JOINABLE);
     pThreads = (pthread_t*)malloc(sizeof(pthread_t)*num_threads);
     mctx = (ucontext_t*)malloc(sizeof(ucontext_t)*num_threads);
     ctx = (ucontext_t**)malloc(sizeof(ucontext_t*)*num_threads);
     threadId = (int*)malloc(sizeof(int)*num_threads);
     // begin time measurement
    gettimeofday(&begin, NULL);
     for(i=0; i < num_threads; ++i)
          threadId[i] = i;
          rc = pthread_create(&pThreads, &attr, threadMain, (void*)&threadId[i]);
          if(rc)
               printf("ERROR; return code from pthread_create is %d\n", rc);
               exit(-1);
     pthread_attr_destroy(&attr);
     for(i = 0; i < num_threads; ++i)
          rc = pthread_join(pThreads[i], &status);
          if(rc)
               printf("ERROR; return code from pthread_join is %d\n", rc);
               exit(-1);
     // end time measurement
gettimeofday(&end, NULL);
printf("finished. Elapsed time=%dms\n", ((end.tv_sec - begin.tv_sec)*1000000+(end.tv_usec - begin.tv_usec))/1000);
     pthread_exit(NULL);
if [[ $# -ne 4 ]]; then
     usage
     exit 0
fi
test $1 $2 $3 $4best regards,
Colin

CPU time of BPM or message mapping?

Hi all,
is there a way to find out how much CPU time is spent by a certain BPM instance (or message mapping instance)?
It would be sufficient to get that value per BPM type / message mapping type.
So far, I've found the following sources, which all won't work, unfortunately:
- table SWWWIHEAD: No CPU time information (as far as I see)
- transaction STAD: I don't see a way to connect an entry to the resp. BPM. There is a Transaction-ID, but I can't find it in the BPM...
- transaction ST03N: Only aggregated values for user WF_BATCH, not detailed statistics
- several places, which only show clock time, but not CPU time
Thanks in advance!
Kind regards,
Dennis

Hi Michal,
Thanks a lot for your info.
Too bad that there is no other possibility yet.
I'm not completely sure whether the result is worth the effort, though, as there will probably be a lot of different BPM types on this system, so benchmarking each is quite some work (and requires an otherwise idle test system during this time).
In addition, it could be difficult to generate test data that will most likely represent the expected data during production use. Especially for BPMs with many conditional tasks (branches, loops, ...), this can be a mess...
But I will propose it anyway. If it gets accepted, I'll post the gained experience with this approach here. Maybe it works better than my pessimistic expection.
Hopefully, SAP will integrate this functionality somewhen. I guess I set up some customer feedback.
Kind regards,
Dennis

Breakdown of CPU Time

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