Can someone explain Scan mode to me?

I'm just looking for a little help. I have just taken a production coordinator role and part of my job is to export broadcast quality movies as well as send different formats to clients to check. Today my boss told me to export a clip in DV Pal and make it "progressive". So, in the options I found the scan mode drop down had a choice of "interlaced" or "progressive" and I therefore chose the latter.
I just wondered what the reason was for choosing "progressive" over "Interlaced"?
I know this probably sounds like a dumb question to a lot of you, but my boss is not the most helpful, informative of men so I am kind of trying to learn as I go.
So, if anyone can offer any advice regarding this or even tips about codecs and exporting, that'd be really great.
Many thanks.

Think of every horizontal line of pixels on your screen as a different line.
Progressive: scans one line at a time moving downwards
Interlaced: scans every odd line moving downwards, then every even line moving downwards.
Pretty much progressive provides a better picture, but interlaced can raise the framerate. The problem with interlaces is that videos can end up looking ugly and stripe-y.
If this doesn't make sense, maybe this video can help:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LV8UDBsf45Q
(go to the 1:10 mark to see the big differences)

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I cannot find a way to sort the bookmark folders themselves alphabetically by name.I am not talking about in a view mode but in the way they are displayed when I click on my bookmarks tab. Can someone explain to me how to accomplish this.

I have a lot of various book mark folders with websites contained within each folder. I am able to sort the websites within each folder alphabetically by name but I cannot find a way to sort the bookmark folders themselves alphabetically by name.I am not talking about in a view mode but in the way they are displayed when I click on my bookmarks tab. Can someone explain to me how to accomplish this other than manually dragging them as this is extremely hard for me due to the fact that I am a quadriplegic with limited hand movement dexterity

Bookmark folders that you created are in the Bookmarks Menu folder. "Sort" that folder.
http://kb.mozillazine.org/Sorting_bookmarks_alphabetically

Trying to understand RSTP - Please can someone explain this?

Hi Group
I am still confused about how RSTP is implemented. From what i understand the major difference is that STP
used Timers for Loop prevention whereas RSTP coordinates between neighbors via messages (proposal/aggreement) to turn on links
more quickly after topology changes and is "timer free".
However, I have not noticed any difference in the configuration from the legacy STP
configurations and the RSTP configuration on cisco devices. Or are there any differences??
I have read in documentation that RSTP natively includes features like UplinkFast, BackboneFast and PortFast. So are these features now obsolete
and not needed to be configured if you are running RSTP. (Although i have seen Portfast still configured along with RSTP on many switches)
Also can someone explain the below Points from Cisco Documentation
1) should STP be disabled on edge ports all together as suggested below?
"STP edge ports are bridge ports that do not need STP enabled, where loop protection is not needed out
of that port or an STP neighbor does not exist out of that port. For RSTP, it is important to disable STP
on edge ports, which are typically front-side Ethernet ports, using the command bridge
bridge-group-number spanning-disabled on the appropriate interface. If RSTP is not disabled on edge
ports, convergence times will be excessive for packets traversing those ports."
2) It seems RSTP relies on duplex setting to determine inter-switch links. What is the configuration to explicitly
configure RSTP link types? (I couldnt find this in the documentation)
"RSTP can only achieve rapid transition to the forwarding state on edge ports and on point-to-point links.
The link type is automatically derived from the duplex mode of a port. A port that operates in fullduplex
is assumed to be point-to-point, while a half-duplex port is considered as a shared port by
default. This automatic link type setting can be overridden by explicit configuration. In switched
networks today, most links operate in full-duplex mode and are treated as point-to-point links by RSTP.
This makes them candidates for rapid transition to the forwarding state."
Also i am a bit rough on my RSTP knowledge even after skimming a few Cisco documents. Can someone please explain this in simple way.
Thanks in advance

to configure it on a device:-
spanning-tree mode rapid-pvst
PortFast/UplinkFast & BackboneFast were cisco "Enhancements" to 802.1d STP. RSTP just incorperates them. If you want to configure portfast, the command is still "spanning-tree portfast"
OK
1) That is your choice - I have bitter experiance of users/IT admins just plugging hubs/switches in when ever they can. Also cabling the switch back to itself creating a cabled loop. So my advice to you is to leave STP enabled on all switch ports, BUT enable BPDUGuard - this is a life saver, if you have configured portfast.
2) duplex auto! or duplex full (overiding)
I really suggest that you read the 802.1d standard, once you understand normal spanning-tree - RSTP will come to you.
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/tech/tk389/tk621/tsd_technology_support_protocol_home.html')">http://www.cisco.com/en/US/tech/tk389/tk621/tsd_technology_support_protocol_home.html')">http://www.cisco.com/en/US/tech/tk389/tk621/tsd_technology_support_protocol_home.html')">http://www.cisco.com/en/US/tech/tk389/tk621/tsd_technology_support_protocol_home.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanning_tree_protocol')">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanning_tree_protocol')">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanning_tree_protocol')">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanning_tree_protocol
HTH>

Can someone explain what DHCP is and how I do I connect to WiFi hotspot?

Can someone explain how a wireless network/router with an internet connection allows computers with a wireless card to connect to the internet? For instance, In an internet cafe with WiFi, how does my macbook get the IP address for the ISP that the cafe uses to allow me to open a webpage with Safari? What is DHCP and how should I set my internet preferences to allow me to use a network other than my own.
The reason I ask so many questions is that I can connect to the internet with my Airport Express base station network at home but not in my local WiFi cafe. Can see the network but not connect.

Most Internet Cafes utilize DHCP to dynamically provide a wireless client with an IP address for that session. DHCP is a protocol used by networked computers (clients) to obtain IP addresses and other parameters such as the default gateway, subnet mask, and IP addresses of DNS servers from a DHCP server. It facilitates access to a network because these settings would otherwise have to be made manually for the client to participate in the network.
You Mac's AirPort, in turn, is set up to be a DHCP client by default. This allows your Mac to accept the dynamically provided IP address information from the Internet Cafe's DHCP server.
The reason I ask so many questions is that I can connect to the internet with my Airport Express base station network at home but not in my local WiFi cafe.
It sounds like the AirPort settings that your Mac is using is no longer at their default settings...and my be the reason you cannot connect to the Internet at the Cafe...or, the Cafe has additional settings required. I suggest that you check with the Administrator of the particular Internet Cafe you're having trouble connecting with to find out what settings are necessary to use their wireless network.
A typical AirPort is set up as follows:
System Preferences > Network > Show > Network Port Configurations
- Verify that AirPort is "On" (checked)
- Verify that AirPort is at the top of the list. If it isn't, you can drag it to the top.
Systems Preferences > Network > Show > AirPort
AirPort tab
- By default, join: Automatic
TCP/IP tab
- Configure IPv4: Using DHCP
- Configure IPv6: Automatically or Off
Proxies tab
- Configure Proxies: Manually
- Select a proxy server to configure: <All proxies should be unchecked unless you specifically require a proxy for Internet access.>
- Exclude simple hostnames (unchecked)
- Bypass proxy settings for these Hosts & Domains: <leave blank>
- Use Passive FTP Mode (PASV) (checked)

Can someone explain why the Secure Easy Setup light on a...

Can someone explain why the Secure Easy Setup light on a WRT54G would change from a steady green to steady orange after firmware upgrade? Everything is connecting properly, and I see no change in performance of network other than light change described. Thanks.

The way I understand the Secure Easy Setup button is this.
It will be orange when the router is in normal operation mode. The light turns green when you press the Cisco Systems button (that is orange normally) so that the router will search for the web device you are trying to connect to the router. If you want to disable this feature all together go into your router settings page at 192.168.1.1
Go to the Wireless tab, and then the Advanced Wireless Settings sub-heading, once in there look for the option SecureEasysetup and simply set it to disable (enabled is default) then click the save now and apply the settings. The light should be out now meaning you don't have the Secure Setup feature enabled.
It is just a personal choice to have it on or off, it should not affect router or internet performance unless you hit the button trying to connect a device to the network.
Message Edited by MontanaXVI on 12-14-2007 07:12 PM

Can someone explain shortest path switch over in Multicast?

Can someone explain shortest path switch overin Multicast?

Hi,
Shortest path switchover is used in PIM Sparse mode.
The concept of Sparse Mode is the multicast traffic should only be delivered when there are active receivers in the network. To accomplish this SM has explicit Join and Prune mechanism rather than Flood and Prune used by Dense mode.
When the last hop router (where receiver is connected) receives an IGMP join message, it sends a PIM Join towards RP. This creates shared tree from the last hop router till RP along the routers.Thus a shared tree has been created from last hop router till RP.
At the same time the above procedure was taking place, the first hop router (where source is connected) starts sending PIM Register messages to RP (when source starts sending multicast traffic). This register messages are unicast so that the intermediate routers will not aware of multicast traffic. When the RP receives Register messages from first hop rotuer, it does below checks after decapsulation:
1. Are there any shared tree for the specific multicast group. If yes then send a SPT join towards first hop router so that the multicast traffic from source will be delivered to RP via native multicast rather than encapsualted packets. Also RP sends Register Stop message to inform first hop router to stop sending encapsulated multicast packets.
2. When there are no active groups in RP (i.e RP has not received any PIM join for the multicast group from any last hop router), RP sends a Register Stop message.
By this the traffic from source flows via SPT till RP. From RP it flows via shared tree till receiver. Everything is fine till now. But the drawback in SM is placement of RP and the load on it. Since RP is located in a central location chances are there that the multicast traffic from source takes a longer path to reach the receiver. This will result in increase in latency along with increase in RP load.
So in those cases, it is desirable for the multicast traffic from source flows to receiver on optimal path. This is done by SPT switchover and this is done when the multicast group traffic crosses the SPT threshold configured. In Cisco the default SPT threshold is Zero kbps. So when the last hop router receives first multicast packet via shared tree, it does SPT switchover. This is done by sending a SPT Join towards the source thus bypassing the RP. Now the traffic from source prefers the most optimal path to reach the receiver.
The same time, last hop router sends a PIM prune towards RP to inform it that it does not want multicast traffic over shared tree. This is done to avoid duplication of the multicast packets over SPT and shared tree.
Few facts:
1. Last hop router needs information about the source to send SPT Join and this can only happen when it receives few initial multicast packets via RP shared tree.
2. If you do not want the last hop router to fall back to SPT switchover, then configure SPT threshold to infinity in last hop router.
Sorry for the long post.
HTH.
thanks
Arun
Pls rate if it is helpful

Can someone explain how to set up an administrator account so that I can have my phone and my daughters have separate apple ids?

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Thanks!

I'm still not clear on what you are trying to accomplish. If you have an iPhone and she does as well you should have your own Apple IDs.
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Please can someone explain how to delete email addresses? I have people who when I type in their name it comes up with the correct email address but then when you hit return to confirm it promptly changes the name to someone else (always the same someone

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EG If I type xyz and the name of the person comes up, when I press return to confirm that's the one I want then it jumps to [email protected], always the same def address.
I can't fathom it out.
Thanks
Terri

Try this:
Start a new email. In the To address bar, type in xyz like you normally do, press return to confim, and when the address you want to remove shows up in the address bar, move your cursor over the address you want to delete.
A small triangle next to the name will show up. click on it, a drop down menu will open, click Remove from Previous Recipients List. Then do the drop down menu again and Remove Address.
Good luck.

Can someone explain me this?

Can someone explain me why LabVIEW embeds the graphic in sheet 1 if i specify location as "prueba"? The vi is for LV 5.0.1f1 and Excel 2000, it just creates a workbook, adds some data and creates a chart. I've tried to ask a NI engineer but i receive no answer.
Thanks,
Gorka
Attachments:
Untitled.llb ‏430 KB

Hi Gorka,
I am not sure if this helps but the help file for the add Sheets method says
"Add Method (Sheets Collection)
Creates a new worksheet, chart, or macro sheet.
Syntax
expression.Add(Before, After, Count, Type)
expression Required. An expression that returns a Sheets object.
Before Optional Variant. An object that specifies the sheet before which the new sheet is added.
After Optional Variant. An object that specifies the sheet after which the new sheet is added.
Count Optional Variant. The number of sheets to be added. The default value is one.
Type Optional Variant. Specifies the sheet type. Can be one of the following XlSheetType constants: xlWorksheet, xlChart, xlExcel4MacroSheet, or xlExcel4IntlMacroS
heet. The default value is xlWorksheet.
Remarks
If Before and After are both omitted, the new sheet is inserted before the active sheet.
*******" (I added asterisks for emphesis).
the help for the "location method" says,
"Add Method (Sheets Collection)
Creates a new worksheet, chart, or macro sheet.
Syntax
expression.Add(Before, After, Count, Type)
expression Required. An expression that returns a Sheets object.
Before Optional Variant. An object that specifies the sheet before which the new sheet is added.
After Optional Variant. An object that specifies the sheet after which the new sheet is added.
Count Optional Variant. The number of sheets to be added. The default value is one.
Type Optional Variant. Specifies the sheet type. Can be one of the following XlSheetType constants: xlWorksheet, xlChart, xlExcel4MacroSheet, or xlExcel4IntlMacroSheet. The default value is xlWorksheet.
Remarks
If Before and After
are both omitted, the new sheet is inserted before the active sheet.
Just trying to help,
Ben
Ben Rayner
I am currently active on.. MainStream Preppers
Rayner's Ridge is under construction

CAN SOMEONE EXPLAIN ME THE DISPLAY QUALITY

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HT = Hyper Transport
Q: What is HyperTransport™ technology?
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Can someone explain Scan mode to me?

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