Can't seem to repair disk or reinstall OS X - help!

Original problem - grey screen on startup.  Went through the following to fix:
- remove peripherals etc. and reboot; did not rectify
- safe boot - did not rectify
- reset nvram / pram - did not rectify
- start from install disk, in disk utilities tried to verify disk - said needs repair
- tried to repair -  THE VOLUME MACINTOSH HD COULD NOT BE REPAIRED.  BACK UP AS MANY OF YOUR FILES AS POSSIBLE, REFORMAT THE DISK AND RESTORE YOUR BACKED UP FILES
- as I have no backup (silly me) wanted to attempt an archive and install ... however install screen showed only the 'install' option.
WHEN THE INSTALL SCREEN COMES UP, IT HAS A BOX ‘SELECT THE DISK WHERE YOU WANT TO INSTALL MAC OS X – OFFERS MACINTOSH HD AS THE ONLY OPTION
CLICK ON MACINTOSH HD, CLICK INSTALL … SAYS THAT THE CONTENTS OF THIS DISK CANNOT BE CHANGED – MAC OS X CANNOT BE INSTALLED ON THIS DISK
ICON SHOWS MAC HD WITH ‘AT LEAST 985.58 GB FREE 999.86 TOTAL
Was hoping I could rescue third party installed software, settings etc. but had all but given up and decided to do a system reinstall ... but it seems I can't even do that.  Does this seem to suggest a hardware problem???
i-mac is 6 months old and still under warranty, though wanted to try to sort out without taking to the shop.

Unfortunate that you don't have another Mac available. Reason - if Disk Utility can 'see' the drive sufficiently well to attempt repair, then the data on it might be recoverable via Firewire Target Disk Mode. This is a setup between two Macs connected via firewire; your hard drive, if mountable, would be seen by the other machine as an external hard drive.
If you don't mind losing all your files, then you can erase/reformat the drive. Best way would be to erase the drive rather than just the volume. Use the Mac OS Extended (Journaled) format.
However, since the machine is still under warranty, I would recommend you take it in to an AASP - an authorized Apple service provider. Reason - they may be able to recover your data in the process of erasing and reformatting the drive. And, if your hard drive proves non-repairable, they could replace it right then.

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