Cannot Even Safe Boot Up

Question

This happened after watching a movie using an external LCD TV (Samsung LN-S40920) first time ever. Than unhooked in sleep mode and from that point on hooked or stand alone I can never have my Macbook Air boot up. It is less than a year old and I am not aware of any hardware issue. I tried safe boot (verbose mode) and see the following:
cannot mount root, errno = 19 as the last line and it keeps repeating....
When I read the text anything else with errors are:
BSD root: disk0s2, major 14, minor 2
jnl: unknown-dev: replay_journal: from .... (some numbers)
jnl: unknown-dev: replay_journal" bad block list header @ 0xa11600 (checksum 0x0 != 0xaf8b3428)
jnl: unknown-dev: journal_open: Error displaying the journal!
hfs: early jnlinit: failed to open/create the journal (retval 0).
hfs_mountfsplus: BTOpenpath returned (5) getting catalog BT
hfs_mountfsplus: encountered errorr (5) <---------My note: YES not "error", it is written as "errorr" (two 'r's in the end)
hfs_mountfs: encountered failure 5
hfs_mountroot: hfs_mountfsplus returned 5, rvp (0xffffff800ab74f00) name (unknown device)
hfs_mountroot failed: 5
cannot mount root, errno = 19
Nothing attached at the moment... Many trials but no boot...
I am not sure about the OS but very likely Max OS X (10.7.x)...

Answer 1

Repair the Hard Drive and Permissions - Lion
Boot to the Recovery HD:
Restart the computer and after the chime press and hold down the COMMAND and R keys until the menu screen appears. Alternatively, restart the computer and after the chime press and hold down the OPTION key until the boot manager screen appears. Select the Recovery HD and click on the downward pointing arrow button.
Repair
When the recovery menu appears select Disk Utility. After DU loads select your hard drive entry (mfgr.'s ID and drive size) from the the left side list.  In the DU status area you will see an entry for the S.M.A.R.T. status of the hard drive.  If it does not say "Verified" then the hard drive is failing or failed. (SMART status is not reported on external Firewire or USB drives.) If the drive is "Verified" then select your OS X volume from the list on the left (sub-entry below the drive entry,) click on the First Aid tab, then click on the Repair Disk button. If DU reports any errors that have been fixed, then re-run Repair Disk until no errors are reported. If no errors are reported then click on the Repair Permissions button. When the process is completed, then quit DU and return to the main menu. Select Restart from the Apple menu.
If this doesn't help then reinstall Lion:
Reinstalling Lion/Mountain Lion Without Erasing the Drive
Boot to the Recovery HD: Restart the computer and after the chime press and hold down the COMMAND and R keys until the menu screen appears. Alternatively, restart the computer and after the chime press and hold down the OPTION key until the boot manager screen appears. Select the Recovery HD and click on the downward pointing arrow button.
Repair the Hard Drive and Permissions: Upon startup select Disk Utility from the main menu. Repair the Hard Drive and Permissions as follows.
When the recovery menu appears select Disk Utility. After DU loads select your hard drive entry (mfgr.'s ID and drive size) from the the left side list.  In the DU status area you will see an entry for the S.M.A.R.T. status of the hard drive.  If it does not say "Verified" then the hard drive is failing or failed. (SMART status is not reported on external Firewire or USB drives.) If the drive is "Verified" then select your OS X volume from the list on the left (sub-entry below the drive entry,) click on the First Aid tab, then click on the Repair Disk button. If DU reports any errors that have been fixed, then re-run Repair Disk until no errors are reported. If no errors are reported click on the Repair Permissions button. Wait until the operation completes, then quit DU and return to the main menu.
Reinstall Lion/Mountain Lion: Select Reinstall Lion/Mountain Lion and click on the Continue button.
Note: You will need an active Internet connection. I suggest using Ethernet if possible because it is three times faster than wireless.