Cannot install Mountain Lion on empty drive

I'm helping my father try to install the OS onto a newly installed internal drive on his Mac Pro. He's trying to install Mountain Lion, which is the same OS X generation as his usual boot drive (which is remaining in the system—the new drive is getting an OS as a backup boot drive).
The problem is that the Mountain Lion installer, downloaded from the App Store, refuses to install on the new drive. The drive, which is formatted but otherwise empty, does not appear as an available drive to install on.
My father believes that this is related to the note in the System Requirements saying that the Mac being installed on must already have Snow Leopard or Lion installed on it. I'm not so sure, but it's a valid question: can Mountain Lion be installed only as an upgrade, requiring an existing OS install on the actual drive being installed to?
My interpretation of the listed requirement is that you have to boot from Snow Leopard or later to do the install, because the installer has to contact the App Store, but the requirement is worded ambiguously enough that it could mean that the drive itself must have Snow Leopard or later on it. It doesn't make sense to me, though, for this installer to be useable only as an upgrade; there are numerous situations under which a person might need to install an OS on an empty drive.
So there's two questions here: can Mountain Lion be installed on an empty drive, and are there other likely reasons for the installer to not offer the drive in question as an available destination?

Mark McKean wrote:
...So there's two questions here: can Mountain Lion be installed on an empty drive, and are there other likely reasons for the installer to not offer the drive in question as an available destination?
Yes, it can be installed on an empty drive but the drive must be properly partitioned and formatted first. The HD must have a "GUID Partition Table" which you establish when you first partition the drive (use the Options... button), and it must then be formatted Mac OS Extended (Journaled). Boot from his current drive and run the ML installer from there with the new drive as the target. Note that if you haven't actually downloaded the ML installer yet, when you do, it automatically starts running but you get the choice to continue and choose the drive.
Snow Leopard or Lion are mentioned as prerequisites because the days of install DVD's are over; the installer must be downloaded and at least Snow Leopard is necessary to get to the App Store to do that.

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