Cloned Time Machine Drive Invalid Node Structure

My Hitachi 2TB HD I use for Time Machine started sending out S.M.A.R.T. errors earlier this month, so I sent it in to Hitachi under warranty.  Before I sent it out, I was able to clone the drive to another 2TB drive using the Restore feature in Disk Utility.  This worked great, I have since been using the clone as a Time Machine drive and doing regular automatic backups - smooth so far! 
When I got the new drive back from Hitachi, I tried to send the data back to the new drive using the same Restore function, and it looked like it was a complete success.  After the restore process finished, both drives suddenly reporting "Invalid Node Structure" in Disk Utility. 
I've since tried Disk Warrior, and it tells me I'm out of RAM (I have 8GB of RAM on a 2 x 2.26 Quad-Core MacPro) and the Disk Utility Repair Disk function is failing.  I've since done a complete wipe of the new drive again (I used the Certify function in SoftRAID 4.0), and voila, no errors on the new drive.  I then tried simply dragging over the Backups folder from the clone, and Finder tells me "Operation Not Supported."  Strangely enough, Time Machine backups still work!?
Any idea how this happened and how I can fix it?  I really can't buy Drive Genius only to find out it's not going to work too...do you think it would work?  I would really hate to completely lose all this valuable backup data, it's been quite valuable to have around in the past. 
Thanks everyone for your help, I'm at a total loss as to what happened.

John Nightingale1 wrote:
I then tried simply dragging over the Backups folder from the clone, and Finder tells me "Operation Not Supported."
Yes, prior to Lion, you can't copy Time Machine backups with the Finder.
Are both drives formatted exactly the same, and with the GUID Partition Map scheme?
I'd be inclined to just let Time Machine start fresh on the new drive.  You can always view and restore from the old one via the Browse ... option, per #17 in Time Machine - Frequently Asked Questions.

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    I run Disk Utility from my Mac OS X install disk DVD and I got the following:
    Verifying volume “Macintosh HD”
    Checking HFS Plus volume.
    Checking Extents Overflow file.
    Checking Catalog file.
    Invalid node structure
    The volume Macintosh HD needs to be repaired.
    Error: The underlying task reported failure on exit
    1 HFS volume checked
    Volume needs repair
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    If you are unable to repair the drive you will need to repartition and reformat the drive.
    I recommend a cloned backup to an external FW drive. You can use this procedure:
    How to Clone Using Restore Option of Disk Utility
    1. Select the destination drive on the Desktop and press COMMAND-I to open the Get Info window. At the bottom in the Ownership and Permissions section be sure the box labeled "Ignore Permissions on this Volume" is unchecked. Set Ownership and Permissions as follows: Owner=system with read/write; Group=admin with read/write; Other with read-only.
    2. Open Disk Utility from the Utilities folder.
    3. Select the backup or destination volume from the left side list.
    4. Click on the Erase tab in the DU main window. Set the format type to Mac OS Extended (journaled, if available) and click on the Erase button.
    5. Click on the Restore tab in the DU main window.
    6. Select the backup or destination volume from the left side list and drag it to the Destination entry field.
    7. Select the startup or source volume from the left side list and drag it to the Source entry field.
    8. Double-check you got it right, then click on the Restore button.
    For added precaution you can boot into safe mode before doing the clone.
    You will only have to reinstall your third-party applications. All standard OS X applications will be reinstalled except for bundled applications such as iMovie, iDVD, Garageband, etc. These can be reinstalled using the Bundled Applications installer on the OS X Installer Disc.
    If you make a cloned backup all your data will be on the backup. You can restore it afterwards by copying the folders to their respective locations on the startup volume.

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    so i got a vertex 2, 120gb ssd drive a couple of weeks ago, but suddenly my computer crashes hard, my cpu turns out 89c (about 180F) in temp and "quickload D" uses up most of the cpu power. i force quit everything and DMG files just get some error i cant remember now. so i try restart right. but i just get the apple logo and some gray bar at the bottom that goes maybe 10% of the way and then it just shuts off. tried to boot a couple of times but nothing.
    so then i boot from the snow leopard disc and run diskutl. and find "Invalid Node Structure" thats not reparable when verifying the disk. so now i have to reinstall. because i haven't come around to getting a system backup yet.
    this goes without a hitch and the macbook is just fine now. no invalid node when running verification.
    after scouring through OCZs forums i find this to be a reoccurring theme, but mostly on the vertex(1), and that not letting the computer go into hibernation will/might solve this.
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    Is your computer still under warranty? If so you might want to bring it to a genius bar. http://www.apple.com/retail/geniusbar/

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    I did something stupid today. First i ran my mac until there was no disk space, resulted in failing booting up. Went into single mode and did a mount command and deleted some big files. And now the disk check is failing and still not able to boot ios. All the files showes up in single mode, but not sure how to proceed. When running fsck it gives invalid node structure error. Marry x-mas :) any ideas?

    You might try using Disk Warrior to fix the error, but Disk Utility cannot. Short of DW you will need to repartition and reformat your hard drive unless the Recovery HD partition is still usable. If it is then you can do the following:
    Install or Reinstall Lion/Mountain Lion from Scratch
    Be sure you backup your files to an external drive or second internal drive because the following procedure will remove everything from the hard drive.
    Boot to the Recovery HD:
    Restart the computer and after the chime press and hold down the COMMAND and R keys until the menu screen appears. Alternatively, restart the computer and after the chime press and hold down the OPTION key until the boot manager screen appears. Select the Recovery HD and click on the downward pointing arrow button.
    Erase the hard drive:
      1. Select Disk Utility from the main menu and click on the Continue button.
      2. After DU loads select your startup volume (usually Macintosh HD) from the
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      4. Quit DU and return to the main menu.
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