Confused about polkit-gnome and lxpolkit [solved]

I recently updated and new version of goffice and gnumeric came down with this warning:
==> The agent is no longer autostarted by default except in GNOME Flashback.
For Xfce, LXDE etc., "lxpolkit" is the suggested lightweight alternative.
See https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Polkit#Authentication_agents for
more details.
I use xfce4 and do not know gnome-polkit installed at all. I removed it and pacman did not complain about dependencies. What exactly do I need lxpolkit for? I am able to use sudo without it.
Last edited by maggie (2013-09-16 15:40:49)

I'am confused too:
Using lxde I was not even aware that there is an alternative to polkit-gnome, as it is always
mentioned as quasi dependend on gvfs:
The gvfs package needs to be installed, along with polkit-gnome for the polkit rules.
This seems to be wrong as neither gvfs nor the polkit rules do depend on polkit-gnome authentication-agent in any way.
Informations through the wiki(s) are very inconsistent!
From LXDE-Page:
polkit-gnome provides an authentication and will need to be started on login:
$ mkdir -p ~/.config/autostart
$ cp /etc/xdg/autostart/polkit-gnome-authentication-agent-1.desktop ~/.config/autostart
What is it good for? Is there any reason to start it twice? The file mentioned is installed at '/usr/share/applications/polkit-gnome-authentication-agent-1.desktop' by default.
Polkit-Page:
To autostart it everywhere except in GNOME and KDE, copy the file /usr/share/applications/polkit-gnome-authentication-agent-1.desktop to /etc/xdg/autostart/
LXDE-Wiki:
gvfs and its dependencies (optional, but highly recommended):
policykit-gnome (required for authentication for volume management)
And last but not least the awareness that the LX alternative exists since March 28th, 2010 where PCMan himself told us polkit-gnome is not needed anymore:
LXPOLKIT – SIMPLE POLICYKIT AUTHENTICATION AGENT:
Generally when one needs to use policykit, he or she needs to install policykit-gnome. Now we have our own.
A new component LXPolkit was added. It’s minimal policykit authentication agent.
As far as I get it, polkit-gnome only provides the 'query of password window' and can be replaced by lxpolkit which is more lightweight.
And as it was never 'auto'started (see above) except in GNOME, the pacman.log message is IMHO highly questionable and confusing.

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Just bought a Nikon d750 and confused about adobe LR4 and PS6 support for the RAW files. I have DNG 8.7 but wondering if LR and PS will import direct soon Thanks for any advice

Just bought a Nikon d750 and confused about adobe LR4 and PS6 support for the RAW files. I have DNG 8.7 but wondering if LR and PS will import direct soon Thanks for any advice

Support for the Nikon D750 was introduced in the latest version of LR 5.7 and ACR 8.7 on Novemder 18th 2014.
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Nada, LR 4 will never support Nikon D750. The Nikon D750 was introduced into the market in September 2014 some 15 months after further development of LR 4 was discontinued.
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I'm horribly confused about student licensing and commercial use

As the title says I'm horribly confused about student licensing and using it for commercial use.
I currently have a Student Licensing version of Adobe Creative Suite 4 that I purchased through my school's journeyEd portal.
Seeing how CS5 is now out I was browsing looking at prices (why not upgrade while I'm still a student, right?) and while browsing I bumped into one source that says that Student Licensing can not be used for commercial purposes, and this is when the confusion started. I remember reading before that we are able to use student licensing for commercial purposes, okay time to google search. I found one Adobe FAQ that says I can. .
http://www.adobe.com/education/students/studentteacheredition/faq.html
" Can I use my Adobe Student and Teacher Edition software for commercial use?
Yes. You may purchase a Student and Teacher Edition for personal as well as commercial use. "
and I found this old thread;
http://forums.adobe.com/thread/314304
Where an poster listed as an employee of Adobe states
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Okay cool, hmm what this? Adobe is asking me if I want to IM with live costumer service agent, sure why not? Then the conversation started and I asked her my question about using my CS4 license for commercial use, she asks for my product code and email to verify my product, then informs me I can purchase the upgrade version of CS5 and use that for commercial, okay great, but not really answering my question. I reword it and give her a link to that FAQ page it goes like this. ..
"[CS Rep] : [My name], I would like to inform you that Adobe Student and Teacher Editions are not allowed for
commercial use.
[CS Rep] : However, you can upgrade your current software to a normal upgrade version, and you can continue
using it for commercial purpose.
[Me] : Then is the FAQ page mistaken? Because it is very misleading if it is. But thank you for the information.
[CS Rep] : You are welcome.
[CS Rep] : I apologize for the misleading information in the FAQ."
. .And after that, I went back to being confused.
SO my questions are. . . Can I or can't I use my Adobe Creative Suite 4 student licensing for commercial purposes? and If I purchase a Student Licensing of CS5 can I use that for commercial purposes as well?
Sorry for the long post, I just want to be perfectly clear on what I can and can not do with my purchase.

The rules differ in various parts of the world. In North America you can use it for commercial work.
There are no student/academic upgrades. The pricing is so low that in many cases you're better off buying another full student license but you are eligible for upgrade pricing for commercial versions once you're out of school.
You may not transfer the student license in any way.
Bob

Confusion about UEFI/BIOS and GPT/MBR compatibility issues

So a user said in another post that they were NOT able to boot in UEFI mode and install Fedora even though it is UEFI compatible. But this person was able to useLegacy mode and install Fedora, and furthermore, was able to "keep the Windows partition." I'm guessing that means that Win 8 that came with it, which would be installed in UEFI/GPT mode, correct? I'm specificly referring to the Y510P but from what I understand *every* laptop that comes preinstalled with Win 8 must be UEFI/GPT.
So the way I understand it is that the installed Fedora is in "BIOS"/GPT mode rather than "BIOS"/MBR mode because you can't have both GPT and MBR on the same disc.
I have just started learning about this UEFI/BIOS and MBR/GPT nonsense, and it's going to drive me crazy until I finally understand it. So I guess what I'm asking is:
1) When I get my y510p I assume it will be in UEFI/GPT mode. Can I install non-UEFI distros alongside it as I take it was done with Fedora?
2) If I install a linux distro alongside Win 8, do I have to worry about compatibility issues with a drive that is in GPT format? Or does the MBR/GPT issue have nothing to do with it, so I don't have to worry about ever changing my drive to MBR?
For example, I read that Win 7 must be installed either as BIOS/MBR or UEFI/GPT. This can not be mixed and matched. This means that if I could not get the Windows 7 installer to boot in UEFI I would have to install as MBR. This also means I would have to format the drive and reinstall Win 8 on the MBR.
So my question is do other OS's like Linux have these restrictions? (For example, if a particular distro will not boot in UEFI and therefor MUST install on MBR)
3) I have a pendrive with YUMI installed with a ton of distros/tools/Win installs/etc. (It is a USB boot tool like unetbootin that allow you to add multiple bootable images.) When I tried it recently on my dad's laptop. I have used it many, many times with my older computers, none of which were UEFI. It works great. Now that I've had a recent encounter with my dad's ASUS Windows 8 computer (not with the y510p yet) I found out that UEFI seems to be complicating the crap out of things (for me, at least.)
So when I used this computer, I noticed that when I boot (with legacy mode enabled) and enter the "boot selection screen" in order to boot with USB, I have two options a) UEFI:"name of usb" and b) "name of USB". The UEFI option would NOT boot, but it would boot without the UEFI: option.
So does this mean that I am booting in non-UEFI mode and once I have booted this way and choose a distro to install that it CANNOT install in UEFI mode? I recently saw a tool called Rufus that I have yet to try that has an option to set the bootable USB to UEFI, so that would possibly work if I wanted to install a UEFI compatible distro (Arch linux is what I'm wanting.)
4) If installing a UEFI compatible distro (such as Arch) requires that the USB device be able to boot in UEFI mode has anyone been able to do this? Has anyone even been able to boot a device in UEFI mode to do *anything* such as run a live linux?
I'm 99% sure I would be able to boot in legacy mode and run a live linux (because I did so on my dad's computer) but the problems arise when I consider how to INSTALL.
I would really like to know the answers to these questions (as scattered as they are.) Any help would be appreciated!
Unnecessary info:
(I started learning about BIOS/UEFI and MBR/GPT the hard way a few days ago by trying for hours to install Windows 7 on my dad's Windows 8 laptop because I could NOT get Win 7 installation to work...it kept asking for drivers before I could install until I finally used the Windows USB install tool, put the stick in a different USB, AND formatted the drive as MBR because Windows 7 would NOT install on the existing GPT drive until I used diskpart.exe -clean. And I have read that Win 7 64 bit will work fine on a UEFI/GPT setup. I used the Windows 7 USB boot tool which did NOT give me a UEFI: and regular option. It showed up simply as "name of usb" without a UEFI in front. Since I read that Windows 7 must either be in BIOS/MBR mode or UEFI/GPT mode that this drive would not boot in UEFI mode, and I don't know why...Although I believe I read that Win 7 cannot be installed from a USB in UEFI/GPT mode, only BIOS/MBR. UEFI/GPT mode requires a DVD install but I did not have a drive to test this.)

I have a Y510p which is running dual boot Windows 8.1 and Arch Linux. I think that it is strongly advised to do plenty of reading ahead of any install if you will be using UEFI and Linux so that you understand all the issued before making critical changes to the existing system.
Yes, if the machine comes with Windows 8 (as mine did) then the disk will be formatted with a GPT partition table (instead of the old MBR partitioning scheme), and will boot using UEFI. If you are going to try to keep the existing Windows 8 system and add Linux then you will need to keep the disk with its GPT partition table and partition structure, but you can shrink the Windows 8 C: drive to make space for the Linux partitions that are needed ( a root partition and at least a /home and/or /opt partition and possibly a linux swap partition also ). If you want to boot the Linux install via UEFI then you can simply add the required boot directory to the EFI System Partition (ESP).
However it is very important that before trying to do any linux install that you switch off Fastboot from within WIndows 8 (or 8.1). Also most Linux distributions are in some difficulty booting using Secure Boot, though a few such a Ubuntu and Fedora are supposed to be able to do so. Hence it is much easier to work with Linux if Secure Boot is first switched off from the BIOS settings menu.
The order of operations that I used was;
1) Switch off Secure Boot from the BIOS - and boot back into the Windows 8 system to check that it boots OK.
2) With Windows 8 running go into the settings and switch off Fastboot (which does a hybrid suspend when it shuts down instead of a full normal shutdown - if you don't do this then the memory gets overwritten when booting Linux in the future which means booting back into Windows will fail).
3) Reboot back into WIndows and check all is well, and if so then use the disk management facility within Windows 8 to shrink the C: drive to make room for the Linux partitions.
4) Reboot to check Windows 8 still boots OK.
5) If you are going to update to Windows 8.1 then do so, and then update everything once it is booted (it is a huge update and takes ages!). Once done then you will likely have to update drivers for the graphics cards, the clickpad and possibly the wireless chip and ethernet chip. I found that I needed to get drivers that were newer than were available on the Lenovo website, by going to the relevant hardware manufacturer website (eg for synaptics for the clickpad). Then spent a week or so in the evenings getting Windows 8.1 configured the way I like it.
6) Then I did a lot of reading about the various options for the boot manager that would suit a UEFI boot for a dual boot system for Windows 8.1 and Arch Linux and there was a choice of Grub, Gummiboot, rEFInd, and others - and after reading the details I decided on rEFInd as my boot manager which can boot not only any new Arch Linux install but automatically finds the Windows UEFI boot files and presents the options in a nice graphical window once the system gets past POST at bootup.
7) It was important to check which partition was the ESP and to know what partitions I needed to create for the Arch Linux system. Then I went ahead and booted from a usbkey to a uefi install system, and very carefully proceeded with a standard Arch Linux install, being particularly careful to know where to put the rEFInd boot manager files and the kernel and initrd files. Also I used efibootmgr to write the appropriate NVRAM boot entry in the motherboard memory so that the uefi boot system knows where to find the rEFInd uefi boot files in the ESP.
8) Once complete the system boots to Arch Linux as the default, with a nice Windows icon which you can select with the arrow keys within the boot timeout period (default 20 seconds).
I noted also that it is possible to create boot stanzas in the rEFInd boot manager config files which allow rEFInd to chain load other Linux systems or even other bootloaders if you wish - so it is very flexible. So if you want to you could install a grub standalone set of diretories/files so that if the normal linux boot fails then you can select the grub icon from rEFInd and chainload grub to boot either the same Archlinux install, or point to a third linux distribution if you have more partitions containing that third install which might be Ubuntu or Mint or ....
Either way although getting to understand how uefi boot works is a learning curve it is actually generally simpler than the old legacy BIOS boot. With uefi you no longer need an MBR on the drive, and only a suitable EFI System Partition which has to be VFAT formatted. However if you want to have one of the linux distributions booting from legacy MBR then you need to create an MBR at the start of the drive - so you would need to move the start of the first partition and create a suitable sized Master Boot Record otherwise MBR boot can't work. If you do that then of course you have to be careful if the Windows partition is the one being re-sized that it doesn't mess up the Windows boot! However since using uefi to boot rEFInd allows a chainload to grub/gummiboot or other bootloaders then there should be no need to mess with MBR booting if you go down that route.
If you are interested in rEFInd then the author Rod Smith has a good set of documentation that describe the details at http://www.rodsbooks.com/refind/
He is also the author of a really excellent disk partitioner for GPT disks - http://www.rodsbooks.com/gdisk/
Clearly it is necessary to read up on the boot facilities available for any linux distribution that you plan to put on the system.
One nice thing is that uefi boot with an efistub supported kernel build is really fast on the Y510p. My system boots Arch linux in about 7 seconds to the KDE login prompt once the POST is complete and that only takes a couple of seconds. Of course Windows is much slower once it is selected at the rEFInd screen and takes somewherearound 40 seconds or so to boot, but at least Linux is super fast!
Anyway I hope that this helps.

Confusion about BPM suite and BPA suite

Hi,
I'm very very new to Oracle BPM.
I just checked the website and found Oracle provides two suites - BPM and BPA for business process management. I'm quite confused what's the difference of their usage? It looks to me that they are very similar to each other in functional.
Is there any article that has already explained their difference?
btw: if i want to choose a suite just for modeling, implementation and monitoring purpose, does that mean a BPM suite is more suitable?
Thank you
Lesley

Hi Lesley,
BPA is an robust process modeling tool used by business analysts to model both their processes and the entire enterprise. BPA has many different types of diagrams that let you see the different levels of decomposition and abstraction. As you'd exect, BPA has a robust process simulation capability. If you hit the BPA forum (Business Process Analysis Suite you'll get more information about it from experts in BPA.
Oracle BPM was built and architected from the beginning as full life cycle Business Process Management (BPM) tool. It is similar to BPA in that it supports process modeling, documentation and simulation. I use the same diagram to explain the process to executives, managers, IT, SME and business analysts. As a business analyst, the tool is not complicated and can be learned in just a couple hours.
Here's where the two differ. Oracle BPM was architected from the beginning as a full featured Business Process Management tool that implements and monitors business processes. Its capabilities include:
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<li> Runtime / Execute the Business Processes - End users interact with the processes at runtime using an OOTB Workspace. End users are given various roles. When they log into the Workspace, the end users only see the work item instances that are in the roles that they have been assigned. There is an Engine that stores the work item instance information as it flows through the processes at runtime. The Engine is like a traffic cop, ensuring that the right work item instance goes to the right person in the right activity at the right time.
<li> UI - The End user interface screens and complex end user interaction with a variety of screens can be built inside the Oracle BPM toolset's editor. The forms you build are automatically presented to end users in the Workspace.
<li> Integration to Existing IT Assets - Oracle BPM can expose and consume IT components directly or through a service bus. Once consumed, the components can be used by any process needing to invoke them at runtime.
Hope this helps,
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Confused about nonGUI beans and events

The crux of this is the question "When will a NON GUI bean use events to communicate?"
Articles I have read advocate that Beans are not just GUI components, and I agree. However I've only ever seen examples of GUI Beans!
I am writing a non GUI Bean to represent a credit card.
Before I got concerned with beans I would have just written the class with some accessor methods and some functional methods to do what I want, something like;
void setCardNumber(String n)
boolean isNumberValid() //check the card number using MOD10
and then used that class in my application.
But now I want to make it conform closer to JavaBeans. I know that beans have methods, but I am confused somewhat about how events figure into this. Do nonGUI beans fire events/listen for events? Very often?
What I am asking is, what events should a Bean like CreditCard fire? The main function of this Bean is to determine if the number conforms to MOD10 checks using isNumberValid() method.
Consider that I want to write another Bean, a GUI component that takes card details and updates the nonGUI CreditCard Bean. Of course I want loose coupling, not every user will use my CreditCard Bean (especially if I dont get these events straight!). If I use property change events to fill in the card number etc in the CreditCard Bean, should I make it (the CreditCard bean) listen for focusLost events from the interface to determine when all the details have been filled in and fire an event about the validity of the card number?? Doesn't this break the rules a bit, by providing prior knowledge to the CreditCard nonGUI Bean??
Should the CreditCard nonGUI bean fire an event to say that the number is valid/invalid?
You will probably say, "WHY use events, when you only need methods?" and that is my question! When would a non GUI bean fire or listen to events? I want my non GUI bean to be completely ignorant of GUI stuff, so no focusLost listener.
Should the credit card interface fire a custom event (CardDetailsEnteredEvent) and the non GUI bean listen for these? But that's tighter coupling than just implementing the methods isn't it?
I think that the nonGUI bean will have property change listeners for the card number etc, but this begs the question, what is the point of setter methods if I am bound the properties anyway??
I've read everything pertinent at http://java.sun.com/products/javabeans/training.html
Thanks to anyone who can stop my head hurting.
Jim

Ah, I think I may have figured it out from the spec.
"Conceptually, events are a mechanism for propagating state change notifications between a
source object and one or more target listener objects."
key phrase being "state change" - my non GUI bean CreditCard only really has two states; 1. incomplete card details and 2. complete card details. So I guess I could/should only fire an event (DetailsEntered) when the details are completely 'filled in'.
Which leaves me with the GU interface bean, it has two states also, 1. details being edited (focus gained) and 2. details finished being edited (focus lost) - should then this bean fire its own event (DetailsEdited) or should it just rely on other beans listening for the focus lost event? It's my functional interpretation that a focus lost event signifies that the details have been edited, perhaps I should therefore implement my own event that has this contextual meaning (DetailsEdited).
I'm aware that the names of these events are quite poor, I always find good naming to be another very important head scratcher!!
Jim

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For example, let's assume that I have a form with a simple backing bean to collect initial query params. The user
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I'd appreciate any thoughts, ideas and suggestions here! Is there a better way to design the above in order to
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Thanks much in advance!

This is what I have done in the pass
<h:commandLink action="#{AppAction.getRecord}" >
<h:outputText value="#{bbr.id}"/>
<f:param name = "recordid" value ="#{bbr.id}" />
</h:commandLink>
within the getRecord method
String key = "";
FacesContext facesContext = FacesContext.getCurrentInstance();
     ServletContext servletContext = ServletContext)facesContext.getExternalContext().getContext();
key = (String)facesContext.getExternalContext().getRequestParameterMap().get("recordid");
then call you dbmethod passing in the key of the record the user wants to edit
and then simply return a string to what page you want the user to go to
I think this is what your looking for

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we set up wiki services on our newly upgraded 10.5 server, but there is something that i can't seem to understand.
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this will get very messy for our company because we want to set up wikis for the multiple projects we have going. this means that the amount of groups will escalate rapidly and surely will cause problems and confusion.
we currently have 7 groups created on the WGM and my company is about 50 employees.
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if we create a new wiki, that creates a new group, and we don't want that.
i could totally be missing something here as i mentioned i am new to the wiki services and 10.5 server in general.
if you need more information from me, let me know.
thanks in advance.

anyone?? bueller...? bueller...?
i can't seem to find any information about this. i even looked here http://www.apple.com/server/macosx/resources/ in the wiki documentation and didn't find anything.
perhaps i wasn't entirely clear in my initial post.
say i want people in the accounting and marketing group to share a wiki page. the only way i know how to do this, is to create a new group (let's call it wiki_group) and to have members of both accounting and marketing be members of wiki_group.
as i mentioned in my initial post, this is going to be a huge problem.
the only work-around that i can think of is to have the accounting group and marketing group be members of both. this is not acceptable due to security and resource sharing.
how can i create wikis without having to create a new group, and to have members of other groups view and edit other wikis?

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Hi All,
I am new in BI EE. I create a report in BI publisher and after that I want to publish that report in BI Dashboards...Here my confusion is start, I create repository to the required schema,Now I need to build report again in BI answer?? and then publish that report in Dashboard ????
Please rectify my confusion I am very grateful to you...
Regards

Hello,
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Hi...
I recently upgraded from CS4 (Design Premium) to CS5. No problem. However, I am not sure what to do about the separate Acrobat 9 installation disk. In the CS5 instructions, it says that old versions of Acrobat have to be removed before installing Acrobat 9. However, I notice that Acrobat 9 is listed as part of CS4 (but not CS5). Do I have to remove Acrobat 9/CS4 and install Acrobat 9 from the separate disk in CS5 or it the program already updated.
Thank you...

This makes sense for an Upgrade from CS4. But if I am doing a new install of CS5, I have to install Acrobat separately and it asks for a serial number (this was included in the CS4 install).
The new CS5 install using the Application Manager works great, but it would be nice to have Acrobat included.

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John,
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header("X-IronPort-Quarantine") != "^Policy$"
header("X-Spam-flag") != "^(?i)YES$"
Action:
duplicate-quarantine ("good")
deliver()
I think these two rules could not occur both, because the filter badbody had sent the spam to quarantine 'Policy',
there's no possible to dumplicate to qurantine 'good'.
But it happens:
Tue Jun 17 18:52:55 2008 Info: New SMTP ICID 26146919 interface InNet (10.68.2.161) address 61.135.132.136 reverse dns host websmtp.sohu.com verified no
Tue Jun 17 18:52:55 2008 Info: ICID 26146919 ACCEPT SG ICP match .sohu.com SBRS 5.5
Tue Jun 17 18:52:55 2008 Info: Start MID 10698519 ICID 26146919
Tue Jun 17 18:52:55 2008 Info: MID 10698519 ICID 26146919 From: <mia_kma3998>
Tue Jun 17 18:52:55 2008 Info: MID 10698519 ICID 26146919 RID 0 To: <swordhuihui>
Tue Jun 17 18:52:55 2008 Info: MID 10698519 Message-ID '<10849536>'
Tue Jun 17 18:52:55 2008 Info: MID 10698519 Subject '=?GB2312?B?1Pa807z7zsU=?='
Tue Jun 17 18:52:55 2008 Info: MID 10698519 ready 1452582 bytes from <mia_kma3998>
Tue Jun 17 18:52:56 2008 Info: MID 10698519 matched all recipients for per-recipient policy DEFAULT in the inbound table
Tue Jun 17 18:52:56 2008 Info: MID 10698519 was too big (1452582/102400) for scanning by CASE
Tue Jun 17 18:52:56 2008 Info: Start MID 10698528 ICID 0
Tue Jun 17 18:52:56 2008 Info: MID 10698528 was generated based on MID 10698519 by duplicate-quarantine filter 'good'
Tue Jun 17 18:52:56 2008 Info: MID 10698528 ICID 0 From: <mia_kma3998>
Tue Jun 17 18:52:56 2008 Info: MID 10698528 ICID 0 RID 0 To: <swordhuihui>
Tue Jun 17 18:52:56 2008 Info: MID 10698528 ready 1452584 bytes from <mia_kma3998>
Tue Jun 17 18:52:56 2008 Info: MID 10698528 quarantined to "good" (duplicated by content filter:good)
Tue Jun 17 18:52:56 2008 Info: MID 10698519 quarantined to "Policy" (message filter:flg1)
Tue Jun 17 18:52:59 2008 Info: ICID 26146919 close
The log shows the quarantine action of message filter take effect after the content filter action. I'm quite confused.
Any suggestion?

The original message was marked to go to the "Policy" system quarantine via the message filter. However, that message continues through the email pipeline. If no other action affects that message(i.e. dropped by Sophos anti-virus), then the system will move the message to the "Policy" quarantine as originally marked.
However, in your case, the message was marked to be sent to the "Policy" system quarantine, and then it matched your content filter and did two things:
1. spawned a copy of the original message and sent this new one to the "good" system quarantine. (see MID 10698528)
2. the original copy was left alone and this one was sent to the "Policy" quarantine. If you had a drop() action, then it would have gotten dropped and you would have been left with the single copy from #1 (see MID 10698519)
What was the intended behavior you were trying to achieve?
Here are some references that may help:
1. Where can I see a diagram of the IronPort email pipeline?
You can find a diagram of the queue sequence if you click on the Help
link in the top right of the web interface - it takes a while for it to
load. Find the section "Understanding the Email Pipeline" and then
under that "Overview: Email Pipeline".

Really confused about libraries, events, and projects

Hello,
I'm brand new to editing and I'm having a hard time understanding the difference between libraries, events and projects. If anyone can explain them for me, that'd be great. Thanks

Here some reading material:
http://www.apple.com/final-cut-pro/docs/Media_Management.pdf
Final Cut Pro X 10.1.2: Updating and working with libraries FAQ - Apple Support
http://www.larryjordan.biz/fcp-x-10-1-manage-projects/
http://www.fcpxbook.com/updates/101/
http://www.kenstone.net/fcp_homepage/fcp_x_first_look_10_1_martin.html
And viewing:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wGogEwnX9yE
Hopefully, the above info will clarify everything about the library/event/project hierarchy. The important thing to keep in mind is you can't work without a library; and that library has to hold at least one event. Your event is a folder that organizes your media according to a wide variety of criteria that you can specify. Your project contains the timeline where you assemble your selects, apply your effects to tell your story and it is stored within the event folder.
You will be happy to hear that those who come to FCP X without much traditional NLE experience (sorry, David) usually pick it up very fast. A guy that I work with didn't even have any iMovie experience and after less than 2 hours of DIY learning, cut a very credible show that aired on a local station.
Good luck.
Russ

Very confused about ppi, resolution, and image size...

I have read so much on these things and even posted along these lines here and there, but remain totally confused.
Say the size of my pictures is around 2000 x 3000. Once I download them to PSE, the resolution is 72ppi. Is this default and could I/should I change this?
I generally do four things with my pictures.
First I edit them.
Next I email to family members.
Then I order prints (99% are 5x7 or smaller)
Finally I store them (on computer with CD backup).
Now, space is a bigger concern than quality since I print small prints generally. So what would be my best options for saving my files, but getting very nice prints?
Right now, once I edit, I save my files in .jpg, baseline "optimized" at 72ppi. Only following the computer defaults though, not because I think this is best. Would I be better off saving in TIFF or is this not necessary?
Any links with further info would be appreciated also.
Thank you,
Amy

Amy,
1. I just took a picture today, and when I look in Image>resize>image size the dimensions are as follows:
W=2288px H=1712px W=31.778" H=23.778" @72px/in. resolution
When I change resolution to 325 px/in., W=7.04" H=5.268"
As the resolution is increased, the dimensions decrease. This is what is called an inverse relation.
Why did I change to 325px/in? Because for printing it is desirable to have a resolution of 240-300 px/in, or so. Also, note that this resolution gives me almost a perfect 5x7 size format, and one can crop off the excess readily. If one desires 4x6 size, one can crop to that dimension.
2. I enhance the pictures next, leaving sharpening for the last step
3. I save primarily in PSD and/or JPEG. Both PSD and TIFF allow one to retain layers, are lossless, and thus one avoids degradation with sequential editing. JPEG is is a compression format which conserves disk space (in comparison to PSD and TIFF), and is most likely required for your e-mail and your photo finisher. I save some of the JPEG files. I usually elect baseline optimized, and the JPEG allows me to elect quality 8, which is good for my purpose and results in a manageable file size.
4. Right after I download my picture files from the camera, I burn them to a CD (i.e. before I do anything else), and right after I finish the final edits I burn them to CD as well. This is my "film", if you will. If the computer fails or if I should accidentally delete a file from disk, I still have it available.
I am sure that others will post, but that is my current work flow.
Ken

Confused about C99 _Bool and stdbool.h

C99 defines the _Bool type, which seems like a good language feature, but it does not seem to be designed very well.
The main point of confusion I have is that boolean expressions apparently do not give a _Bool type. These expressions both give a size of 4: sizeof(1==1), sizeof(true). What is the point of having a boolean type if the languages doesn't even use it for boolean values? C++ is consistent is boolean sizes, so maybe the C99 boolean types are meant more for C++ function compatibility.
Also, why do the true and false values in stdbool.h not include casts to actually be defined as Bool types? Even if boolean expressions are not the Bool type, shouldn't sizeof(true) match sizeof(_Bool)?
My guess is that Bool is not implemented very well because it would break a lot of C code that assumes 'int' for boolean values. Maybe the next standard should also define types like bool8t and bool32_t, so that the established int-booleans can work along with a 1-byte _Bool type.

I can answer some of your questions. Sizeof(1==1) is 4 because, per the C standard, 6.5.9(2), the result of an equality operator is type int. Sizeof(true) is 4 because "true" is defined (in stdbool.h) to be an integer constant (the value 1), which of course has a size of 4. One could make a case that these may not be expected, or logical, but they are following the current standard.
C++ is "consistent" (versus C) with these cases because C++ defines the result type of relational operators as boolean. Thus, sizeof(1==1) and sizeof(bool) are equal.
As for the inequality of sizeof(true) and sizeof(_Bool), it's not any different than something like sizeof('a') versus sizeof(char). Sizeof applied to a character constant returns 4 and sizeof(char) returns 1.

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