Confusion with mail.app and Gmail using imap

I've had a yahoo.com email address for years, and pay for Mail Plus and POP3, which I frankly don't even use. Now that I've confirmed, however, that I can successfully forward emails from my yahoo box to my new gmail box, I'd like to look into setting up mail.app for the gmail account using imap. Like most people, I access my mail from several places (home & work computers, Touch, and others), and imap makes sense as the right way to go.
Last night I tried to set things up on mail.app on the Mac, and boy was it confusing in terms of the folders, etc. Is there someplace someone can point me for a sort of "beginner's guide to setting up Gmail/imap with mail.app"? Hopefully this "guide" would give me some hints on setting up various rules, etc. that would allow me to have a setup that makes sense: only one copy of emails, sent items in the sent items folder, etc.
One more thing: can I set up Gmail/imap with more than one email client? For example, can I use mail.app at home and Thunderbird on the Windows computer in my office? And how is the creation of new folders (or labels, I guess, as Gmail calls them) on the web handled by mail.app (or Thunderbird)? I'm guessing that a new label created on Gmail on the web doesn't automatically result in a folder being created in mail.app (or Thunderbird), or does it? If this is correct (no folder created in mail.app until I create it on the Mac), is the message that was moved to a folder on the web found in mail.app in the All Messages folder (or whatever it's called)?
Sorry for the basic nature of these questions...this all seems pretty complicated, and I'd like to get it right the first time. Thanks.

BTW Thanks for the "head's up" that GMail now supports IMAP (I've been waiting for it!)
I'm not sure what your confusion is, other than maybe the confusion between how folders and messages work in Outlook versus Apple Mail and IMAP. I've used both, and several other mail programs over the years.
IMAP permits you to have directories which contain message folders. I make the distinction, because Outlook allows you to message folders which contain messages AND other message folders. I believe most implementations of IMAP do not allow messages inside of directories. Thus, a directory looks like a message folder, but it may only contain message folders, and not individual messages.
Now, GMail appears to create message folders for each label you define in GMail, and messages which have several labels appear in each folder. If you copy the folders to your computer, you WILL have multiple copies of those messages, however if you leave them on the server, GMAIL does all the work and you only have one copy of each message.
Special folders in GMail are all located in the directory [Gmail] and include the message folders "All Mail", "Drafts", "Sent Mail", "Spam", "Starred" and "Trash". Notice I say "directory" and not "message folder" for "[Gmail]". That is important.
I cannot attest as to what GMail does when you create a folder from your mail.app client, as I have not done that yet. I would venture a guess that it will define a GMail label and mark any messages you "move" to that folder with that label. The GMail special folder "All Mail" contains all of your mail messages, and is equivalent to selecting "All Mail" when using the web interface.
Your inbox messages will appear in the section with all of your inboxes at the top of your mailbox list. Make sure that you set your preferences to match the recommended preferences for Apple Mail when setting up your GMail account. Otherwise you will end up with duplicates and/or a lot of unnecessary data transfers to your Mac.
Hope this helps. If not, please give a more explicit example of something that doesn't work the way you expect.

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