Convert MP3 to a larger file size?

Hello,
I recently imported a CD into iTunes in MP3 format. I then changed my import settings to a higher quality. When I did "create MP3 version" of the song I just imported it created a LARGER file! How is this possible and what kind of "fluff" is iTunes putting into the MP3 when you try to convert a MP3 to a higher quality setting?

Actually "fluff" is a pretty good description! It takes the compressed file that you started with and re-encodes the same audio information into more bits. Needless to say, that does not improve the quality.
Once the MP3 (or AAC) compression has happened, padding it out to a higher bit rate does not add quality. The reference to "quality" in the bitrate means that if you rip from the source CD using a higher bitrate, less audio compression is needed and you get a higher quality result.
If you want better quality audio files, re-import from the source CD using the higher bitrate.

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