Cursor and Menus jump

Hello
My cursor Stumbles, staggers and jumps. Menus don't stay open long enough to make a selection.
Here's what I've done: cleaned the mouse
ran Disk Utility and Tech Tool
shut down the computer, then unplugged it.
All of this resulted in SOME improvement, On a scale of 1-10, it used to be 10- now it's 8.
My hard drive still has 60 GB. Where did I go wrong
Thanks Joanne

Hi Joanne
If you had said that it was only the cursor acting up, I would have recommended checking for a dust bunny, a hair, dirt or something blocking the Optical sensor and then using a plain colored matte mouse pad instead of a glossy or wildly printed one.
However, because you are also having problems with the menu's closing I think that the mouse may also have an internal problem.
First I would try another mouse, almost any inexpensive USB mouse will work fine for the purpose of testing and troubleshooting the iMac.
Second I'm not sure exactly which mouse you have, but if it is the one that came with your iMac and you have Apple Care, then it would also be covered under you iMac's extended hardware warranty for 3 full years. > https://selfsolve.apple.com/GetWarranty.do
Dennis

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Bizarre cursor and trackpad on MacBook Pro Retina

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As I'm typing, the text cursor jumndps arou -- jumps around. (See?).

Hep me...
I've got a TiBook PB, v10.4.11 combo update. Maxed-out RAM.
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'llllllllo, ya'll
Kevin here, the guy who originated this thread.
I installed & ran AppleJack. Love it. Does base-level fixin', the best kind.
I just hope I don't have to use it someday 'cause nothin' shows up...... <knockknock on wood>.
I am now, BTW, typing along happily WITHOUT the golldarned cursor jumpin' all over the place as it did before (I mean, anywhere on the screen! I cussed...).
I figgered it out.
It WAS a software issue. Fortunately. NOT a keyboard, ribbon cable, blabla whathaveyou hardware prob.
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Yaaaa!!!
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And thanks to all those members who offered their suggestions of helping ideas!
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G585 cursor will suddenly jump

I bought the G585 laptop yesterday and I'm ready to throw it through the window!!!!
A couple of things if you could help........
1. When I am typing, the cursor will suddenly jump up a line/up the page etc. It is most frustrating!! How can I stop this?
2. Now and again when I type, the work suddenly highlights itself?
I am going to scream in a minute, because I have typed this message three times already because the flippin cursor keeps moving up...................and it has just deleted a whole line I typed!!!!
Please can you help..............oh and by the way, I am not very technical, so please keep your replies "simple"!ha ha
Thanks
Moderator Note; subject edited to reflect content, moved to correct forum.

Kerry03, welcome to the forum,
you probably need to reduce the sensitivity of the touchpad tapping function or turn it off in the touchpad properties. (Control Panel > Mouse).
You'll find a few more cases of this having happened if you search the boards .
Hope this helps
Andy ______________________________________
Please remember to come back and mark the post that you feel solved your question as the solution, it earns the member + points
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Help with if statement in cursor and for loop to get output

I have the following cursor and and want to use if else statement to get the output. The cursor is working fine. What i need help with is how to use and if else statement to only get the folderrsn that have not been updated in the last 30 days. If you look at the talbe below my select statement is showing folderrs 291631 was updated only 4 days ago and folderrsn 322160 was also updated 4 days ago.
I do not want these two to appear in my result set. So i need to use if else so that my result only shows all folderrsn that havenot been updated in the last 30 days.
Here is my cursor:
/*Cursor for Email procedure. It is working Shows userid and the string
You need to update these folders*/
DECLARE
a_user varchar2(200) := null;
v_assigneduser varchar2(20);
v_folderrsn varchar2(200);
v_emailaddress varchar2(60);
v_subject varchar2(200);
Cursor c IS
SELECT assigneduser, vu.emailaddress, f.folderrsn, trunc(f.indate) AS "IN DATE",
MAX (trunc(fpa.attemptdate)) AS "LAST UPDATE",
trunc(sysdate) - MAX (trunc(fpa.attemptdate)) AS "DAYS PAST"
--MAX (TRUNC (fpa.attemptdate)) - TRUNC (f.indate) AS "NUMBER OF DAYS"
FROM folder f, folderprocess fp, validuser vu, folderprocessattempt fpa
WHERE f.foldertype = 'HJ'
AND f.statuscode NOT IN (20, 40)
AND f.folderrsn = fp.folderrsn
AND fp.processrsn = fpa.processrsn
AND vu.userid = fp.assigneduser
AND vu.statuscode = 1
GROUP BY assigneduser, vu.emailaddress, f.folderrsn, f.indate
ORDER BY fp.assigneduser;
BEGIN
FOR c1 IN c LOOP
IF (c1.assigneduser = v_assigneduser) THEN
dbms_output.put_line(' ' || c1.folderrsn);
else
dbms_output.put(c1.assigneduser ||': ' || 'Overdue Folders:You need to update these folders: Folderrsn: '||c1.folderrsn);
END IF;
a_user := c1.assigneduser;
v_assigneduser := c1.assigneduser;
v_folderrsn := c1.folderrsn;
v_emailaddress := c1.emailaddress;
v_subject := 'Subject: Project for';
END LOOP;
END;
The reason I have included the folowing table is that I want you to see the output from the select statement. that way you can help me do the if statement in the above cursor so that the result will look like this:
emailaddress
Subject: 'Project for ' || V_email || 'not updated in the last 30 days'
v_folderrsn
v_folderrsn
etc
[email protected]......
Subject: 'Project for: ' Jim...'not updated in the last 30 days'
284087
292709
[email protected].....
Subject: 'Project for: ' Kim...'not updated in the last 30 days'
185083
190121
190132
190133
190159
190237
284109
286647
294631
322922
[email protected]....
Subject: 'Project for: Joe...'not updated in the last 30 days'
183332
183336
[email protected]......
Subject: 'Project for: Sam...'not updated in the last 30 days'
183876
183877
183879
183880
183881
183882
183883
183884
183886
183887
183888
This table is to shwo you the select statement output. I want to eliminnate the two days that that are less than 30 days since the last update in the last column.
Assigneduser....Email.........Folderrsn...........indate.............maxattemptdate...days past since last update
JIM.........      jim@ aol.com.... 284087.............     9/28/2006.......10/5/2006...........690
JIM.........      jim@ aol.com.... 292709.............     3/20/2007.......3/28/2007............516
KIM.........      kim@ aol.com.... 185083.............     8/31/2004.......2/9/2006.............     928
KIM...........kim@ aol.com.... 190121.............     2/9/2006.........2/9/2006.............928
KIM...........kim@ aol.com.... 190132.............     2/9/2006.........2/9/2006.............928
KIM...........kim@ aol.com.... 190133.............     2/9/2006.........2/9/2006.............928
KIM...........kim@ aol.com.... 190159.............     2/13/2006.......2/14/2006............923
KIM...........kim@ aol.com.... 190237.............     2/23/2006.......2/23/2006............914
KIM...........kim@ aol.com.... 284109.............     9/28/2006.......9/28/2006............697
KIM...........kim@ aol.com.... 286647.............     11/7/2006.......12/5/2006............629
KIM...........kim@ aol.com.... 294631.............     4/2/2007.........3/4/2008.............174
KIM...........kim@ aol.com.... 322922.............     7/29/2008.......7/29/2008............27
JOE...........joe@ aol.com.... 183332.............     1/28/2004.......4/23/2004............1585
JOE...........joe@ aol.com.... 183336.............     1/28/2004.......3/9/2004.............1630
SAM...........sam@ aol.com....183876.............3/5/2004.........3/8/2004.............1631
SAM...........sam@ aol.com....183877.............3/5/2004.........3/8/2004.............1631
SAM...........sam@ aol.com....183879.............3/5/2004.........3/8/2004.............1631
SAM...........sam@ aol.com....183880.............3/5/2004.........3/8/2004.............1631
SAM...........sam@ aol.com....183881.............3/5/2004.........3/8/2004.............1631
SAM...........sam@ aol.com....183882.............3/5/2004.........3/8/2004.............1631
SAM...........sam@ aol.com....183883.............3/5/2004.........3/8/2004.............1631
SAM...........sam@ aol.com....183884.............3/5/2004.........3/8/2004............     1631
SAM...........sam@ aol.com....183886.............3/5/2004.........3/8/2004............     1631
SAM...........sam@ aol.com....183887.............3/5/2004.........3/8/2004............     1631
SAM...........sam@ aol.com....183888.............3/5/2004.........3/8/2004............     1631
PAT...........pat@ aol.com.....291630.............2/23/2007.......7/8/2008............     48
PAT...........pat@ aol.com.....313990.............2/27/2008.......7/28/2008............28
NED...........ned@ aol.com.....190681.............4/4/2006........8/10/2006............746
NED...........ned@ aol.com......95467.............6/14/2006.......11/6/2006............658
NED...........ned@ aol.com......286688.............11/8/2006.......10/3/2007............327
NED...........ned@ aol.com.....291631.............2/23/2007.......8/21/2008............4
NED...........ned@ aol.com.....292111.............3/7/2007.........2/26/2008............181
NED...........ned@ aol.com.....292410.............3/15/2007.......7/22/2008............34
NED...........ned@ aol.com.....299410.............6/27/2007.......2/27/2008............180
NED...........ned@ aol.com.....303790.............9/19/2007.......9/19/2007............341
NED...........ned@ aol.com.....304268.............9/24/2007.......3/3/2008............     175
NED...........ned@ aol.com.....308228.............12/6/2007.......12/6/2007............263
NED...........ned@ aol.com.....316689.............3/19/2008.......3/19/2008............159
NED...........ned@ aol.com.....316789.............3/20/2008.......3/20/2008............158
NED...........ned@ aol.com.....317528.............3/25/2008.......3/25/2008............153
NED...........ned@ aol.com.....321476.............6/4/2008.........6/17/2008............69
NED...........ned@ aol.com.....322160.............7/3/2008.........8/21/2008............4
MOE...........moe@ aol.com.....184169.............4/5/2004.......12/5/2006............629
[email protected]/27/2004.......3/8/2004............1631
How do I incorporate a if else statement in the above cursor so the two days less than 30 days since last update are not returned. I do not want to send email if the project have been updated within the last 30 days.
Edited by: user4653174 on Aug 25, 2008 2:40 PM

analytical functions: http://download-west.oracle.com/docs/cd/B10501_01/server.920/a96540/functions2a.htm#81409
CASE
http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B10501_01/appdev.920/a96624/02_funds.htm#36899
http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B10501_01/appdev.920/a96624/04_struc.htm#5997
Incorporating either of these into your query should assist you in returning the desired results.

Why use cursor and for loop?

Hi All
So in general why would we use a cursor and a for loop to do update in a stored procedure?
Why wouldnt we just use a single update statement ?
is there compelling reason for using a cursor and a for loop: I am reading some code from a co-worker that the business logic for the select (set need to be updated) is complex but the update logic is simple (just set a flag to (0 or 1 or 2 or 3 or 4).
But eventually the select come down to a key (row_id) so I re-write it using just a single sql statement.
The size of the main table is about 2.6 to 3million rows
Any thoughts on that??
The code below I just do a google for cursor for update example in case for something to play with
-Thanks for all your input
create table f (a number, b varchar2(10));
insert into f values (5,'five');
insert into f values (6,'six');
insert into f values (7,'seven');
insert into f values (8,'eight');
insert into f values (9,'nine');
commit;
create or replace procedure wco as
cursor c_f is
    select a,b from f where length(b) = 5 for update;
    v_a f.a%type;
    v_b f.b%type;
begin
open c_f;
loop
    fetch c_f into v_a, v_b;
    exit when c_f%notfound;
    update f set a=v_a*v_a where current of c_f;
end loop;
close c_f;
end;
exec wco;
select * from f;
drop table f;
drop procedure wco;
Joining multiple tables
create table numbers_en (
id_num number        primary key,
txt_num varchar2(10)
insert into numbers_en values (1, 'one' );
insert into numbers_en values (2, 'two' );
insert into numbers_en values (3, 'three');
insert into numbers_en values (4, 'four' );
insert into numbers_en values (5, 'five' );
insert into numbers_en values (6, 'six' );
create table lang (
   id_lang   char(2) primary key,
   txt_lang varchar2(10)
insert into lang values ('de', 'german');
insert into lang values ('fr', 'french');
insert into lang values ('it', 'italian');
create table translations (
id_num    references numbers_en,
id_lang   references lang,
txt_trans varchar2(10) not null
insert into translations values (1, 'de', 'eins'   );
insert into translations values (1, 'fr', 'un'     );
insert into translations values (2, 'it', 'duo'    );
insert into translations values (3, 'de', 'drei'   );
insert into translations values (3, 'it', 'tre'    );
insert into translations values (4, 'it', 'quattro');
insert into translations values (6, 'de', 'sechs' );
insert into translations values (6, 'fr', 'six'    );
declare
cursor cur is
      select id_num,
             txt_num,
             id_lang,
             txt_lang,
             txt_trans
        from numbers_en join translations using(id_num)
                   left join lang         using(id_lang)
    for update of translations.txt_trans;
rec cur%rowtype;
begin
for rec in cur loop
    dbms_output.put (
      to_char (rec.id_num         , '999') || ' - ' ||
      rpad    (rec.txt_num        ,   10 ) || ' - ' ||
      rpad(nvl(rec.txt_trans, ' '),   10 ) || ' - ' ||
               rec.id_lang                 || ' - ' ||
      rpad    (rec.txt_lang       ,   10 )
    if mod(rec.id_num,2) = 0 then
      update translations set txt_trans = upper(txt_trans)
       where current of cur;
       dbms_output.put_line(' updated');
    else
      dbms_output.new_line;
    end if;
end loop;
end;
/Edited by: xwo0owx on Apr 25, 2011 11:23 AM

Adding my sixpence...
PL/SQL is not that different from a SQL perspective than any other SQL client language like Java or C# or C/C++. PL/SQL simply integrates the 2 languages a heck of a lot better and far more transparent than the others. But make no mistake in that PL/SQL is also a "client" language from a SQL perspective. The (internal) calls PL/SQL make to the SQL engine, are the same (driver) calls made to the SQL engine when using Java and C and the others.
So why a cursor and loops in PL/SQL? For the same reason you have cursors and loops in all these other SQL client languages. There are the occasion that you need to pull data from the SQL engine into the local language to perform some very funky and complex processing that is not possible using the SQL language.
The danger is using client cursor loop processing as the norm - always pulling rows into the client language and crunching it there. This is not very performant. And pretty much impossible to scale. Developers in this case views the SQL language as a mere I/O interface for reading and writing rows. As they would use the standard file I/O read() and write() interface calls.
Nothing could be further from the truth. SQL is a very advance and sophisticated data processing language. And it will always be faster than having to pull rows to a client language and process them there. However, SQL is not Turing complete. It is not the procedural type language that most other languages we use, are. For that reason there are things that we cannot do in SQL. And that should be the only reason for using the client language, like PL/SQL or the others, to perform row crunching using a client cursor loop.

Ref Cursor and For Loop

The query below will return values in the form of
bu     seq     eligible
22     2345     Y
22     2345     N
22     1288     N
22     1458     Y
22     1458     N
22     1234     Y
22     1333     N
What I am trying to accomplish is to loop through the records returned.
for each seq if there is a 'N' in the eligible column return no record for that seq
eg seq 2345 has 'Y' and 'N' thus no record should be returned.
seq 1234 has only a 'Y' then return the record
seq 1333 has 'N' so return no record.
How would I accomplish this with a ref Cursor and pass the values to the front end application.
Procedure InvalidNOs(io_CURSOR OUT T_CURSOR)
     IS
          v_CURSOR T_CURSOR;
     BEGIN
OPEN v_CURSOR FOR
'     select bu, seq, eligible ' ||
'     from (select bu, seq, po, tunit, tdollar,eligible,max(eligible) over () re ' ||
'          from (select bu, seq, po, tunit, tdollar,eligible ' ||
'          from ( ' ||
'          select bu, seq, po, tunit, tdollar, eligible, sum(qty) qty, sum(price*qty) dollars ' ||
'               from ' ||
'               ( select /*+ use_nl(t,h,d,s) */ ' ||
'               h.business_unit_id bu, h.edi_sequence_id seq, d.edi_det_sequ_id dseq, ' ||
'                    s.edi_size_sequ_id sseq, h.po_number po, h.total_unit tUnit, h.total_amount tDollar, ' ||
'                    s.quantity qty, s.unit_price price,' ||
'               (select (case when count(*) = 0 then ''Y'' else ''N'' end) ' ||
'          from sewn.NT_edii_po_det_error ' ||
'          where edi_det_sequ_id = d.edi_det_sequ_id ' ||
'               ) eligible ' ||
'     from sewn.nt_edii_purchase_size s, sewn.nt_edii_purchase_det d, ' ||
'     sewn.nt_edii_purchase_hdr h, sewn.nt_edii_param_temp t ' ||
'     where h.business_unit_id = t.business_unit_id ' ||
'     and h.edi_sequence_id = t.edi_sequence_id ' ||
'     and h.business_unit_id = d.business_unit_id ' ||
'     and h.edi_sequence_id = d.edi_sequence_id ' ||
'     and d.business_unit_id = s.business_unit_id ' ||
'     and d.edi_sequence_id = s.edi_sequence_id ' ||
'     and d.edi_det_sequ_id = s.edi_det_sequ_id ' ||
'     ) group by bu, seq, po, tunit, tdollar, eligible ' ||
'     ) ' ||
'     group by bu, seq, po, tunit, tdollar, eligible)) ';
          io_CURSOR := v_CURSOR;
END     InvalidNOs;

One remark why you should not use the assignment between ref cursor
variables.
(I remembered I saw already such thing in your code).
Technically you can do it but it does not make sense and it can confuse your results.
In the opposite to usual variables, when your assignment copies value
from one variable to another, cursor variables are pointers to the memory.
Because of this when you assign one cursor variable to another you just
duplicate memory pointers. You don't copy result sets. What you do for
one pointer is that you do for another and vice versa. They are the same.
I think the below example is self-explained:
SQL> /* usual variables */
SQL> declare
2   a number;
3   b number;
4 begin
5   a := 1;
6   b := a;
7   a := a + 1;
8   dbms_output.put_line('a = ' || a);
9   dbms_output.put_line('b = ' || b);
10 end;
11 /
a = 2
b = 1
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL> /* cursor variables */
SQL> declare
2   a sys_refcursor;
3   b sys_refcursor;
4 begin
5   open a for select empno from emp;
6   b := a;
7   close b;
8
9   /* next action is impossible - cursor already closed */
10   /* a and b are the same ! */
11   close a;
12 end;
13 /
declare
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01001: invalid cursor
ORA-06512: at line 11
SQL> declare
2   a sys_refcursor;
3   b sys_refcursor;
4   vempno emp.empno%type;
5
6 begin
7   open a for select empno from emp;
8   b := a;
9
10   /* Fetch first row from a */
11   fetch a into vempno;
12   dbms_output.put_line(vempno);
13
14   /* Fetch from b gives us SECOND row, not first -
15      a and b are the SAME */
16
17   fetch b into vempno;
18   dbms_output.put_line(vempno);
19
20
21 end;
22 /
7369
7499
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.Rgds.
Message was edited by:
dnikiforov

How to add cursor and for loop

PROCEDURE "TEST" is
bala number;
ins1 number;
ins2 number;
BEGIN
select sum(bal) into bala from (select sum(acp.acp_totbal) bal,acp_instruid from cs_strmap_t map,cs_instru_strips strip,cs_acpos_bkp acp
where c_int_instruid=c_srm_prncplinsid
and c_srm_prncplinsid=acp_instruid
and acp_acntnum!='SG030001'
group by acp_instruid
union
select sum(acp.acp_totbal) bal,acp_instruid from cs_strmap_t map,cs_instru_strips strip,cs_acpos_bkp acp
where c_int_instruid=c_srm_prncplinsid
and acp_acntnum!='SG030001'
and acp_instruid=c_srm_prntinsid
group by acp_instruid)view1;
dbms_output.put_line(bala);
select acp_instruid into ins1 from cs_strmap_t map,cs_instru_strips strip,cs_acpos_bkp acp
where c_int_instruid=c_srm_prncplinsid
and c_srm_prncplinsid=acp_instruid
and acp_acntnum='SG030001';
dbms_output.put_line('principal'||ins1);
select acp_instruid into ins2 from cs_strmap_t map,cs_instru_strips strip,cs_acpos_bkp acp
where c_int_instruid=c_srm_prncplinsid
and acp_acntnum='SG030001'
and acp_instruid=c_srm_prntinsid;
dbms_output.put_line('parent'||ins2);
update cs_acpos_bkp
set acp_totbal=-bala
where acp_instruid=ins2
and acp_acntnum='SG030001';
END;
i have written this code,i need to use cursor and for loops to get more than one rows and update also.
if there are more than 1 rows in cs_strmap_t,then the procedure throws an error stating that it cannot take 2 rows.
Edited by: 850836 on Apr 7, 2011 11:43 PM

PROCEDURE "TEST" is
bala number;
ins1 number;
ins2 number;
CURSOR cur_1 IS
select sum(bal) bala from (select sum(acp.acp_totbal) bal,acp_instruid from cs_strmap_t map,cs_instru_strips strip,cs_acpos_bkp acp
where c_int_instruid=c_srm_prncplinsid
and c_srm_prncplinsid=acp_instruid
and acp_acntnum='SG030001'
group by acp_instruid
union
select sum(acp.acp_totbal) bal,acp_instruid from cs_strmap_t map,cs_instru_strips strip,cs_acpos_bkp acp
where c_int_instruid=c_srm_prncplinsid
and acp_acntnum='SG030001'
and acp_instruid=c_srm_prntinsid
group by acp_instruid)view1;
BEGIN
select acp_instruid into ins1 from cs_strmap_t map,cs_instru_strips strip,cs_acpos_bkp acp
where c_int_instruid=c_srm_prncplinsid
and c_srm_prncplinsid=acp_instruid
and acp_acntnum='SG030001';
dbms_output.put_line('principal'||ins1);
select acp_instruid into ins2 from cs_strmap_t map,cs_instru_strips strip,cs_acpos_bkp acp
where c_int_instruid=c_srm_prncplinsid
and acp_acntnum='SG030001'
and acp_instruid=c_srm_prntinsid;
dbms_output.put_line('parent'||ins2);
for var_for in cur_1
loop
update cs_acpos_bkp
set acp_totbal=var_for.bala
where acp_instruid=ins2
and acp_acntnum='SG030001'
and abs(acp_totbal)>abs(bala);
dbms_output.put_line(bala);
end loop;
END;
i wrote the following procedure,but the balance is not getting updated.
Getting this errors when there are more than 1 row in cs_strmap_t table
ORA-01422: exact fetch returns more than requested number of rows
ORA-06512: line 22
ORA-06512: at line 2

Ref cursor and dynamic sql

Hi..
I'm using a ref cursor query to fetch data for a report and works just fine. However i need to use dynamic sql in the query because the columns used in the where condition and for some calculations may change dynamically according to user input from the form that launches the report..
Ideally the query should look like this:
select
a,b,c
from table
where :x = something
and :y = something
and (abs(:x/:y........)
The user should be able to switch between :x and :y
Is there a way to embed dynamic sql in a ref cursor query in Reports 6i?
Reports 6i
Forms 6i
Windows 2000 PRO

Hello Nicola,
You can parameterize your ref cursor by putting the query's select statement in a procedure/function (defined in your report, or in the database), and populating it based on arguments accepted by the procedure.
For example, the following procedure accepts a strongly typed ref cursor and populates it with emp table data based on the value of the 'mydept' input parameter:
Procedure emp_refcursor(emp_data IN OUT emp_rc, mydept number) as
Begin
-- Open emp_data for select all columns from emp where deptno = mydept;
Open emp_data for select * from emp where deptno = mydept;
End;
This procedure/function can then be called from the ref cursor query program unit defined in your report's data model, to return the filled ref cursor to Reports.
Thanks,
The Oracle Reports Team.

How to pick max value from a column of a table using cursor and iteration

Hello Everybody
I have a table loan_detail
and a column in it loan_amount
now i want to pick values from this table using cursor and then by using iteration i want to pick max value from it using that cursor
here is my table
LOAN_AMOUNT
100
200
300
400
500
5600
700i was able to do it using simple loop concepts but when i was trying to do this by using cursor i was not able to do it .
Regards
Peeyush

SQL> SELECT MAX(sal) Highest_Sal,MIN(sal) Lowest_Sal FROM emp;
HIGHEST_SAL LOWEST_SAL
       5000        800
SQL> set serverout on
SQL> DECLARE
2    TYPE tmp_tbl IS TABLE OF NUMBER INDEX BY BINARY_INTEGER;
3    sal_tbl tmp_tbl;
4    CURSOR emp_sal IS
5      SELECT sal FROM emp;
6    counter INTEGER := 1;
7 BEGIN
8    FOR i IN emp_sal LOOP
9      sal_tbl(i.sal) := counter;
10      counter := counter + 1;
11    END LOOP;
12    DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('Lowest SAL:' || sal_tbl.FIRST);
13    DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('Highest SAL:' || sal_tbl.LAST);
14 END;
15 /
Lowest SAL:800
Highest SAL:5000
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL> Even smaller
SQL> DECLARE
2    TYPE tmp_tbl IS TABLE OF NUMBER INDEX BY BINARY_INTEGER;
3    sal_tbl tmp_tbl;
4    CURSOR emp_sal IS
5      SELECT sal FROM emp;
6    counter INTEGER := 1;
7 BEGIN
8    FOR i IN emp_sal LOOP
9      sal_tbl(i.sal) := 1;
10    END LOOP;
11    DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('Lowest SAL:' || sal_tbl.FIRST);
12    DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('Highest SAL:' || sal_tbl.LAST);
13 END;
14 /
Lowest SAL:800
Highest SAL:5000
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL> Edited by: Saubhik on Jan 5, 2011 4:41 PM

Having a problem with Firefox using Hotmail email. Inbox - as checking messages it freezes up or a 1 item window follows cursor and does not allow you to enter

I am having a problem accessing Hotmail email messages via Fireflox server. When I am in the Inbox, reviewing messages, it either freezes up or a "1 item" small icon window follows cursor and does not allow me to enter messages or do anything. Have to log off and start over. Suggestions>?

Can you detect any pattern to it, whether related to messages with attachments, or particular advertising on the page, etc.?
When you have a problem with one particular site, a good "first thing to try" is clearing your Firefox cache and deleting your saved cookies for the site.
1. Clear Firefox's Cache
orange Firefox button ''or'' Tools menu > Options > Advanced
On the Network mini-tab > Offline Storage : "Clear Now"
2. If needed, delete the site's cookies here
While viewing a page on the site, right-click and choose View Page Info > Security > "View Cookies"
(Usually the dialog will refer to live.com rather than hotmail.com, that's normal.)
Then try reloading the page and logging in again. Does that help?

Multi coloured spinning cursor and mac air keeps freezing?

multi coloured spinning cursor and mac air keeps freezing?

Force Quit .
Press command + option + esc keys together at the same time for 3 seconds. Wait.
When Force Quit window appears, select the application if not already.
Press Force Quit button at the bottom of the window. Wait.
Application will quit.
http://support.apple.com/kb/HT3411
Start up in Safe Mode.
http://support.apple.com/kb/PH11212?viewlocale=en_US

PL/SQL 101 : Cursors and SQL Projection

PL/SQL 101 : Cursors and SQL Projection
This is not a question, it's a forum article, in reponse to the number of questions we get regarding a "dynamic number of columns" or "rows to columns"
There are two integral parts to an SQL Select statement that relate to what data is selected. One is Projection and the other is Selection:-
Selection is the one that we always recognise and use as it forms the WHERE clause of the select statement, and hence selects which rows of data are queried.
The other, SQL Projection is the one that is less understood, and the one that this article will help to explain.
In short, SQL Projection is the collective name for the columns that are Selected and returned from a query.
So what? Big deal eh? Why do we need to know this?
The reason for knowing this is that many people are not aware of when SQL projection comes into play when you issue a select statement. So let's take a basic query...
First create some test data...
create table proj_test as
select 1 as id, 1 as rn, 'Fred' as nm from dual union all
select 1,2,'Bloggs' from dual union all
select 2,1,'Scott' from dual union all
select 2,2,'Smith' from dual union all
select 3,1,'Jim' from dual union all
select 3,2,'Jones' from dual
... and now query that data...
SQL> select * from proj_test;
         ID         RN NM
         1          1 Fred
         1          2 Bloggs
         2          1 Scott
         2          2 Smith
         3          1 Jim
         3          2 Jones
6 rows selected.
OK, so what is that query actually doing?
To know that we need to consider that all queries are cursors and all cursors are processed in a set manner, roughly speaking...
1. The cursor is opened
2. The query is parsed
3. The query is described to know the projection (what columns are going to be returned, names, datatypes etc.)
4. Bind variables are bound in
5. The query is executed to apply the selection and identify the data to be retrieved
6. A row of data is fetched
7. The data values from the columns within that row are extracted into the known projection
8. Step 6 and 7 are repeated until there is no more data or another condition ceases the fetching
9. The cursor is closed
The purpose of the projection being determined is so that the internal processing of the cursor can allocate memory etc. ready to fetch the data into. We won't get to see that memory allocation happening easily, but we can see the same query being executed in these steps if we do it programatically using the dbms_sql package...
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE process_cursor (p_query in varchar2) IS
v_sql       varchar2(32767) := p_query;
v_cursor    number;            -- A cursor is a handle (numeric identifier) to the query
col_cnt     integer;
v_n_val     number;            -- numeric type to fetch data into
v_v_val     varchar2(20);      -- varchar type to fetch data into
v_d_val     date;              -- date type to fetch data into
rec_tab     dbms_sql.desc_tab; -- table structure to hold sql projection info
dummy       number;
v_ret       number;            -- number of rows returned
v_finaltxt varchar2(100);
col_num     number;
BEGIN
-- 1. Open the cursor
dbms_output.put_line('1 - Opening Cursor');
v_cursor := dbms_sql.open_cursor;
-- 2. Parse the cursor
dbms_output.put_line('2 - Parsing the query');
dbms_sql.parse(v_cursor, v_sql, dbms_sql.NATIVE);
-- 3. Describe the query
-- Note: The query has been described internally when it was parsed, but we can look at
--       that description...
-- Fetch the description into a structure we can read, returning the count of columns that has been projected
dbms_output.put_line('3 - Describing the query');
dbms_sql.describe_columns(v_cursor, col_cnt, rec_tab);
-- Use that description to define local datatypes into which we want to fetch our values
-- Note: This only defines the types, it doesn't fetch any data and whilst we can also
--       determine the size of the columns we'll just use some fixed sizes for this example
dbms_output.put_line(chr(10)||'3a - SQL Projection:-');
for j in 1..col_cnt
loop
    v_finaltxt := 'Column Name: '||rpad(upper(rec_tab(j).col_name),30,' ');
    case rec_tab(j).col_type
      -- if the type of column is varchar2, bind that to our varchar2 variable
      when 1 then
        dbms_sql.define_column(v_cursor,j,v_v_val,20);
        v_finaltxt := v_finaltxt||' Datatype: Varchar2';
      -- if the type of the column is number, bind that to our number variable
      when 2 then
        dbms_sql.define_column(v_cursor,j,v_n_val);
        v_finaltxt := v_finaltxt||' Datatype: Number';
      -- if the type of the column is date, bind that to our date variable
      when 12 then
        dbms_sql.define_column(v_cursor,j,v_d_val);
        v_finaltxt := v_finaltxt||' Datatype: Date';
      -- ...Other types can be added as necessary...
    else
      -- All other types we'll assume are varchar2 compatible (implicitly converted)
      dbms_sql.DEFINE_COLUMN(v_cursor,j,v_v_val,2000);
      v_finaltxt := v_finaltxt||' Datatype: Varchar2 (implicit)';
    end case;
    dbms_output.put_line(v_finaltxt);
end loop;
-- 4. Bind variables
dbms_output.put_line(chr(10)||'4 - Binding in values');
null; -- we have no values to bind in for our test
-- 5. Execute the query to make it identify the data on the database (Selection)
-- Note: This doesn't fetch any data, it just identifies what data is required.
dbms_output.put_line('5 - Executing the query');
dummy := dbms_sql.execute(v_cursor);
-- 6.,7.,8. Fetch the rows of data...
dbms_output.put_line(chr(10)||'6,7 and 8 Fetching Data:-');
loop
    -- 6. Fetch next row of data
    v_ret := dbms_sql.fetch_rows(v_cursor);
    -- If the fetch returned no row then exit the loop
    exit when v_ret = 0;
    -- 7. Extract the values from the row
    v_finaltxt := null;
    -- loop through each of the Projected columns
    for j in 1..col_cnt
    loop
      case rec_tab(j).col_type
        -- if it's a varchar2 column
        when 1 then
          -- read the value into our varchar2 variable
          dbms_sql.column_value(v_cursor,j,v_v_val);
          v_finaltxt := ltrim(v_finaltxt||','||rpad(v_v_val,20,' '),',');
        -- if it's a number column
        when 2 then
          -- read the value into our number variable
          dbms_sql.column_value(v_cursor,j,v_n_val);
          v_finaltxt := ltrim(v_finaltxt||','||to_char(v_n_val,'fm999999'),',');
        -- if it's a date column
        when 12 then
          -- read the value into our date variable
          dbms_sql.column_value(v_cursor,j,v_d_val);
          v_finaltxt := ltrim(v_finaltxt||','||to_char(v_d_val,'DD/MM/YYYY HH24:MI:SS'),',');
      else
        -- read the value into our varchar2 variable (assumes it can be implicitly converted)
        dbms_sql.column_value(v_cursor,j,v_v_val);
        v_finaltxt := ltrim(v_finaltxt||',"'||rpad(v_v_val,20,' ')||'"',',');
      end case;
    end loop;
    dbms_output.put_line(v_finaltxt);
    -- 8. Loop to fetch next row
end loop;
-- 9. Close the cursor
dbms_output.put_line(chr(10)||'9 - Closing the cursor');
dbms_sql.close_cursor(v_cursor);
END;
SQL> exec process_cursor('select * from proj_test');
1 - Opening Cursor
2 - Parsing the query
3 - Describing the query
3a - SQL Projection:-
Column Name: ID                             Datatype: Number
Column Name: RN                             Datatype: Number
Column Name: NM                             Datatype: Varchar2
4 - Binding in values
5 - Executing the query
6,7 and 8 Fetching Data:-
1     ,1     ,Fred
1     ,2     ,Bloggs
2     ,1     ,Scott
2     ,2     ,Smith
3     ,1     ,Jim
3     ,2     ,Jones
1     ,3     ,Freddy
1     ,4     ,Fud
9 - Closing the cursor
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
So, what's really the point in knowing when SQL Projection occurs in a query?
Well, we get many questions asking "How do I convert rows to columns?" (otherwise known as a pivot) or questions like "How can I get the data back from a dynamic query with different columns?"
Let's look at a regular pivot. We would normally do something like...
SQL> select id
2        ,max(decode(rn,1,nm)) as nm_1
3        ,max(decode(rn,2,nm)) as nm_2
4 from proj_test
5 group by id
6 /
        ID NM_1   NM_2
         1 Fred   Bloggs
         2 Scott Smith
         3 Jim    Jones
(or, in 11g, use the new PIVOT statement)
but many of these questioners don't understand it when they say their issue is that, they have an unknown number of rows and don't know how many columns it will have, and they are told that you can't do that in a single SQL statement. e.g.
SQL> insert into proj_test (id, rn, nm) values (1,3,'Freddy');
1 row created.
SQL> select id
2        ,max(decode(rn,1,nm)) as nm_1
3        ,max(decode(rn,2,nm)) as nm_2
4 from proj_test
5 group by id
6 /
        ID NM_1   NM_2
         1 Fred   Bloggs
         2 Scott Smith
         3 Jim    Jones
... it's not giving us this 3rd entry as a new column and we can only get that by writing the expected columns into the query, but then what if more columns are added after that etc.
If we look back at the steps of a cursor we see again that the description and projection of what columns are returned by a query happens before any data is fetched back.
Because of this, it's not possible to have the query return back a number of columns that are based on the data itself, as no data has been fetched at the point the projection is required.
So, what is the answer to getting an unknown number of columns in the output?
1) The most obvious answer is, don't use SQL to try and pivot your data. Pivoting of data is more of a reporting requirement and most reporting tools include the ability to pivot data either as part of the initial report generation or on-the-fly at the users request. The main point about using the reporting tools is that they query the data first and then the pivoting is simply a case of manipulating the display of those results, which can be dynamically determined by the reporting tool based on what data there is.
2) The other answer is to write dynamic SQL. Because you're not going to know the number of columns, this isn't just a simple case of building up a SQL query as a string and passing it to the EXECUTE IMMEDIATE command within PL/SQL, because you won't have a suitable structure to read the results back into as those structures must have a known number of variables for each of the columns at design time, before the data is know. As such, inside PL/SQL code, you would have to use the DBMS_SQL package, just like in the code above that showed the workings of a cursor, as the columns there are referenced by position rather than name, and you have to deal with each column seperately. What you do with each column is up to you... store them in an array/collection, process them as you get them, or whatever. They key thing though with doing this is that, just like the reporting tools, you would need to process the data first to determine what your SQL projection is, before you execute the query to fetch the data in the format you want e.g.
create or replace procedure dyn_pivot is
v_sql varchar2(32767);
-- cursor to find out the maximum number of projected columns required
-- by looking at the data
cursor cur_proj_test is
    select distinct rn
    from   proj_test
    order by rn;
begin
v_sql := 'select id';
for i in cur_proj_test
loop
    -- dynamically add to the projection for the query
    v_sql := v_sql||',max(decode(rn,'||i.rn||',nm)) as nm_'||i.rn;
end loop;
v_sql := v_sql||' from proj_test group by id order by id';
dbms_output.put_line('Dynamic SQL Statement:-'||chr(10)||v_sql||chr(10)||chr(10));
-- call our DBMS_SQL procedure to process the query with it's dynamic projection
process_cursor(v_sql);
end;
SQL> exec dyn_pivot;
Dynamic SQL Statement:-
select id,max(decode(rn,1,nm)) as nm_1,max(decode(rn,2,nm)) as nm_2,max(decode(rn,3,nm)) as nm_3 from proj_test group by id order by id
1 - Opening Cursor
2 - Parsing the query
3 - Describing the query
3a - SQL Projection:-
Column Name: ID                             Datatype: Number
Column Name: NM_1                           Datatype: Varchar2
Column Name: NM_2                           Datatype: Varchar2
Column Name: NM_3                           Datatype: Varchar2
4 - Binding in values
5 - Executing the query
6,7 and 8 Fetching Data:-
1     ,Fred                ,Bloggs              ,Freddy
2     ,Scott               ,Smith               ,
3     ,Jim                 ,Jones               ,
9 - Closing the cursor
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
... and if more data is added ...
SQL> insert into proj_test (id, rn, nm) values (1,4,'Fud');
1 row created.
SQL> exec dyn_pivot;
Dynamic SQL Statement:-
select id,max(decode(rn,1,nm)) as nm_1,max(decode(rn,2,nm)) as nm_2,max(decode(rn,3,nm)) as nm_3,max(decode(rn,4,nm)) as nm_4 from proj_test group by id order by id
1 - Opening Cursor
2 - Parsing the query
3 - Describing the query
3a - SQL Projection:-
Column Name: ID                             Datatype: Number
Column Name: NM_1                           Datatype: Varchar2
Column Name: NM_2                           Datatype: Varchar2
Column Name: NM_3                           Datatype: Varchar2
Column Name: NM_4                           Datatype: Varchar2
4 - Binding in values
5 - Executing the query
6,7 and 8 Fetching Data:-
1     ,Fred                ,Bloggs              ,Freddy              ,Fud
2     ,Scott               ,Smith               ,                    ,
3     ,Jim                 ,Jones               ,                    ,
9 - Closing the cursor
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
Of course there are other methods, using dynamically generated scripts etc. (see Re: 4. How do I convert rows to columns?), but the above simply demonstrates that:-
a) having a dynamic projection requires two passes of the data; one to dynamically generate the query and another to actually query the data,
b) it is not a good idea in most cases as it requires code to handle the results dynamically rather than being able to simply query directly into a known structure or variables, and
c) a simple SQL statement cannot have a dynamic projection.
Most importantly, dynamic queries prevent validation of your queries at the time your code is compiled, so the compiler can't check that the column names are correct or the tables names, or that the actual syntax of the generated query is correct. This only happens at run-time, and depending upon the complexity of your dynamic query, some problems may only be experienced under certain conditions. In effect you are writing queries that are harder to validate and could potentially have bugs in them that would are not apparent until they get to a run time environment. Dynamic queries can also introduce the possibility of SQL injection (a potential security risk), especially if a user is supplying a string value into the query from an interface.
To summarise:-
The projection of an SQL statement must be known by the SQL engine before any data is fetched, so don't expect SQL to magically create columns on-the-fly based on the data it's retrieving back; and, if you find yourself thinking of using dynamic SQL to get around it, just take a step back and see if what you are trying to achieve may be better done elsewhere, such as in a reporting tool or the user interface.
Other articles in the PL/SQL 101 series:-
PL/SQL 101 : Understanding Ref Cursors
PL/SQL 101 : Exception Handling

excellent article. However there is one thing which is slightly erroneous. You don't need a type to be declared in the database to fetch the data, but you do need to declare a type;
here is one of my unit test scripts that does just that.
DECLARE
PN_CARDAPPL_ID NUMBER;
v_Return Cci_Standard.ref_cursor;
type getcardapplattrval_recordtype
Is record
(cardappl_id ci_cardapplattrvalue.cardappl_ID%TYPE,
tag ci_cardapplattrvalue.tag%TYPE,
value ci_cardapplattrvalue.value%TYPE
getcardapplattrvalue_record getcardapplattrval_recordtype;
BEGIN
PN_CARDAPPL_ID := 1; --value must be supplied
v_Return := CCI_GETCUSTCARD.GETCARDAPPLATTRVALUE(
PN_CARDAPPL_ID => PN_CARDAPPL_ID
loop
fetch v_return
into getcardapplattrvalue_record;
dbms_output.put_line('Cardappl_id=>'||getcardapplattrvalue_record.cardappl_id);
dbms_output.put_line('Tag =>'||getcardapplattrvalue_record.tag);
dbms_output.put_line('Value =>'||getcardapplattrvalue_record.value);
exit when v_Return%NOTFOUND;
end loop;
END;

Use of FOR Cursor and BULK COLLECT INTO

Dear all,
in which case we prefer to use FOR cursor and cursor with BULK COLLECT INTO? The following contains two block that query identically where one is using FOR cursor, the other is using BULK COLLECT INTO . Which one that performs better given in the existing task? How do we measure performance between these two?
I'm using sample HR schema:
declare
l_start number;
BEGIN
l_start:= DBMS_UTILITY.get_time;
dbms_lock.sleep(1);
FOR employee IN (SELECT e.last_name, j.job_title FROM employees e,jobs j
where e.job_id=j.job_id and e.job_id LIKE '%CLERK%' AND e.manager_id > 120 ORDER BY e.last_name)
LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE ('Name = ' || employee.last_name || ', Job = ' || employee.job_title);
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('total time: ' || to_char(DBMS_UTILITY.get_time - l_start) || ' hsecs');
END;
declare
l_start number;
type rec_type is table of varchar2(20);
name_rec rec_type;
job_rec rec_type;
begin
l_start:= DBMS_UTILITY.get_time;
dbms_lock.sleep(1);
SELECT e.last_name, j.job_title bulk collect into name_rec,job_rec FROM employees e,jobs j
where e.job_id=j.job_id and e.job_id LIKE '%CLERK%' AND e.manager_id > 120 ORDER BY e.last_name;
for j in name_rec.first..name_rec.last loop
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE ('Name = ' || name_rec(j) || ', Job = ' || job_rec(j));
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('total time: ' || to_char(DBMS_UTILITY.get_time - l_start) || ' hsecs');
end;
/In this code, I put timestamp in each block, but they are useless since they both run virtually instantaneous...
Best regards,
Val

If you want to get 100% benifit of bulk collect then it must be implemented as below
declare
     Cursor cur_emp
     is
     SELECT     e.last_name, j.job_title
     FROM     employees e,jobs j
     where     e.job_id=j.job_id
               and e.job_id LIKE '%CLERK%'
               AND e.manager_id > 120
     ORDER BY e.last_name;
     l_start number;
     type rec_type is table of varchar2(20);
     name_rec rec_type;
     job_rec rec_type;
begin
     l_start:= DBMS_UTILITY.get_time;
     dbms_lock.sleep(1);
     /*SELECT e.last_name, j.job_title bulk collect into name_rec,job_rec FROM employees e,jobs j
     where e.job_id=j.job_id and e.job_id LIKE '%CLERK%' AND e.manager_id > 120 ORDER BY e.last_name;
     OPEN cur_emp;
     LOOP
          FETCH cur_emp BULK COLLECT INTO name_rec LIMIT 100;
          EXIT WHEN name_rec.COUNT=0;
          FOR j in 1..name_rec.COUNT
          LOOP
               DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE ('Name = ' || name_rec(j) || ', Job = ' || job_rec(j));
          END LOOP;
          EXIT WHEN cur_emp%NOTFOUND;
     END LOOP;
        CLOSE cur_emp;
     DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('total time: ' || to_char(DBMS_UTILITY.get_time - l_start) || ' hsecs');
end;
/

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