Difference between VARCHAR2(40 BYTE) and VARCHAR2(40 CHAR)

What is the difference between using VARCHAR2(40), VARCHAR2(40 BYTE0, and VARCHAR2(40 CHAR)

With a single byte character set the two definitions are effictively equal, but with a multibyte character set the two definitions will be different. Say you have built Oracle using a fixed 2 byte character set. 40 characters would be 80 bytes so the varchar2(40 BYTES) would hold only 20 characters.
Search on NLS parameters and database character set for more information.
HTH -- Mark D Powell --

Similar Messages

  • Difference between varchar2(4000 byte) & varchar2(4000 char

    Hi,
    My existing database NLS parameters as follows
    CHARACTER SET US7ASCII
    NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16
    created a test database to support globalization, I changed as follows
    CHARACTER SET UTF8
    NATIONAL CHARACTER SET UTF8
    some of the table column datatypes are varchar2(4000)
    I would like to know what is difference between VARCHAR2(4000 BYTE) and VARCHAR2(4000 CHAR).
    Thanks

    Indeed, VARCHAR2(x BYTE) means that the column will hold as much characters as will fit into x bytes. Depending on the character set and particular characters this may be x or less characters.
    For example, a VARCHAR2(20 BYTE) column in an AL32UTF8 database can hold 20 characters from the ASCII range, 10 Latin letters with umlaut, 10 Cyryllic, 10 Hebrew, or 10 Arabic letters (2 bytes per character), or 6 Chinese, Japanese, Korean, or Devanagari (Indic) characters. Or a mixture of these characters of any total length up to 20 bytes.
    VARCHAR2(x CHAR) means that the column will hold x characters but not more than can fit into 4000 bytes. Internally, Oracle will set the byte length of the column (DBA_TAB_COLUMNS.DATA_LENGTH) to MIN(x * mchw, 4000), where mchw is the maximum byte width of a character in the database character set. This is 1 for US7ASCII or WE8MSWIN1252, 2 for JA16SJIS, 3 for UTF8, and 4 for AL32UTF8.
    For example, a VARCHAR2(3000 CHAR) column in an AL32UTF8 database will be internally defined as having the width of 4000 bytes. It will hold up to 3000 characters from the ASCII range (the character limit), but only 1333 Chinese characters (the byte limit, 1333 * 3 bytes = 3999 bytes). A VARCHAR2(100 CHAR) column in an AL32UTF8 database will be internally defined as having the width of 400 bytes. It will hold up to any 100 Unicode characters.
    The above implies that the CHAR limit works optimally if it is lower than 4000/mchw. With such restriction, the CHAR limit guarantees that the defined number of characters will fit into the column. Because the widest character in any Oracle character set has 4 bytes, if x <= 1000, VARCHAR2(x CHAR) is guaranteed to hold up to x characters in any database character set.
    The declaration VARCHAR2(x):
    - for objects defined in SYS schema means VARCHAR2(x BYTE),
    - for objects defined in other schemas it means VARCHAR2(x BYTE) or VARCHAR2(x CHAR), depending on the value of the NLS_LENGTH_SEMANTICS parameter of the session using the declaration (see the NLS_SESSION_PARAMETERS view).
    After an object is defined, its BYTE vs CHAR semantics is stored in the data dictionary and it does not depend on the NLS_LENGTH_SEMANTICS any longer. Even Export/Import will not change this.
    Character length semantics rules are valid for table columns and for PL/SQL variables.
    -- Sergiusz

  • What are differences between the target tablespace and the source tablespac

    The IMPDP command create so manay errors. But the EXAMPLE tablespace is transported to the target database successfully. It seems that the transported tablespace is no difference with the source tablespace.
    Why create so many errors?
    How to avoid these errors?
    What are differences between the target tablespace and the source tablespace?
    Is this datapump action really successfull?
    Thw following is the log output:
    [oracle@hostp ~]$ impdp system/oracle dumpfile=user_dir:demo02.dmp tablespaces=example remap_tablespace=example:example
    Import: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Sunday, 28 September, 2008 18:08:31
    Copyright (c) 2003, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
    Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production
    With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
    Master table "SYSTEM"."SYS_IMPORT_TABLESPACE_01" successfully loaded/unloaded
    Starting "SYSTEM"."SYS_IMPORT_TABLESPACE_01": system/******** dumpfile=user_dir:demo02.dmp tablespaces=example remap_tablespace=example:example
    Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE
    ORA-39117: Type needed to create table is not included in this operation. Failing sql is:
    CREATE TABLE "OE"."CUSTOMERS" ("CUSTOMER_ID" NUMBER(6,0), "CUST_FIRST_NAME" VARCHAR2(20) CONSTRAINT "CUST_FNAME_NN" NOT NULL ENABLE, "CUST_LAST_NAME" VARCHAR2(20) CONSTRAINT "CUST_LNAME_NN" NOT NULL ENABLE, "CUST_ADDRESS" "OE"."CUST_ADDRESS_TYP" , "PHONE_NUMBERS" "OE"."PHONE_LIST_TYP" , "NLS_LANGUAGE" VARCHAR2(3), "NLS_TERRITORY" VARCHAR2(30), "CREDIT_LIMIT" NUMBER(9,2), "CUST_EMAIL" VARCHAR2(30), "ACCOUNT_MGR_ID" NU
    ORA-39117: Type needed to create table is not included in this operation. Failing sql is:
    ORA-39117: Type needed to create table is not included in this operation. Failing sql is:
    CREATE TABLE "IX"."ORDERS_QUEUETABLE" ("Q_NAME" VARCHAR2(30), "MSGID" RAW(16), "CORRID" VARCHAR2(128), "PRIORITY" NUMBER, "STATE" NUMBER, "DELAY" TIMESTAMP (6), "EXPIRATION" NUMBER, "TIME_MANAGER_INFO" TIMESTAMP (6), "LOCAL_ORDER_NO" NUMBER, "CHAIN_NO" NUMBER, "CSCN" NUMBER, "DSCN" NUMBER, "ENQ_TIME" TIMESTAMP (6), "ENQ_UID" VARCHAR2(30), "ENQ_TID" VARCHAR2(30), "DEQ_TIME" TIMESTAMP (6), "DEQ_UID" VARCHAR2(30), "DEQ_
    Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA
    . . imported "SH"."CUSTOMERS" 9.850 MB 55500 rows
    . . imported "SH"."SUPPLEMENTARY_DEMOGRAPHICS" 695.9 KB 4500 rows
    . . imported "OE"."PRODUCT_DESCRIPTIONS" 2.379 MB 8640 rows
    . . imported "SH"."SALES":"SALES_Q4_2001" 2.257 MB 69749 rows
    . . imported "SH"."SALES":"SALES_Q1_1999" 2.070 MB 64186 rows
    . . imported "SH"."SALES":"SALES_Q3_2001" 2.129 MB 65769 rows
    . . imported "SH"."SALES":"SALES_Q1_2000" 2.011 MB 62197 rows
    . . imported "SH"."SALES":"SALES_Q1_2001" 1.964 MB 60608 rows
    . . imported "SH"."SALES":"SALES_Q2_2001" 2.050 MB 63292 rows
    . . imported "SH"."SALES":"SALES_Q3_1999" 2.166 MB 67138 rows
    Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/GRANT/OWNER_GRANT/OBJECT_GRANT
    ORA-39083: Object type OBJECT_GRANT failed to create with error:
    ORA-01917: user or role 'USER1' does not exist
    Failing sql is:
    GRANT SELECT ON "HR"."REGIONS" TO "USER1"
    ORA-39083: Object type OBJECT_GRANT failed to create with error:
    ORA-01917: user or role 'EXAM_03' does not exist
    Failing sql is:
    GRANT SELECT ON "HR"."REGIONS" TO "EXAM_03"
    ORA-39083: Object type OBJECT_GRANT failed to create with error:
    ORA-01917: user or role 'USER1' does not exist
    Failing sql is:
    GRANT SELECT ON "HR"."COUNTRIES" TO "USER1"
    ORA-39083: Object type OBJECT_GRANT failed to create with error:
    ORA-01917: user or role 'EXAM_03' does not exist
    Failing sql is:
    GRANT SELECT ON "HR"."COUNTRIES" TO "EXAM_03"
    ORA-39083: Object type OBJECT_GRANT failed to create with error:
    ORA-01917: user or role 'USER1' does not exist
    Failing sql is:
    GRANT SELECT ON "HR"."LOCATIONS" TO "USER1"
    ORA-39083: Object type OBJECT_GRANT failed to create with error:
    ORA-01917: user or role 'EXAM_03' does not exist
    Failing sql is:
    GRANT SELECT ON "HR"."LOCATIONS" TO "EXAM_03"
    ORA-39083: Object type OBJECT_GRANT failed to create with error:
    ORA-01917: user or role 'USER1' does not exist
    Failing sql is:
    GRANT SELECT ON "HR"."DEPARTMENTS" TO "USER1"
    ORA-39083: Object type OBJECT_GRANT failed to create with error:
    ORA-01917: user or role 'EXAM_03' does not exist
    Failing sql is:
    GRANT SELECT ON "HR"."DEPARTMENTS" TO "EXAM_03"
    ORA-39083: Object type OBJECT_GRANT failed to create with error:
    ORA-01917: user or role 'USER1' does not exist
    Failing sql is:
    GRANT SELECT ON "HR"."JOBS" TO "USER1"
    ORA-39083: Object type OBJECT_GRANT failed to create with error:
    ORA-01917: user or role 'EXAM_03' does not exist
    Failing sql is:
    GRANT SELECT ON "HR"."JOBS" TO "EXAM_03"
    ORA-39083: Object type OBJECT_GRANT failed to create with error:
    ORA-01917: user or role 'USER1' does not exist
    Failing sql is:
    GRANT SELECT ON "HR"."EMPLOYEES" TO "USER1"
    ORA-39083: Object type OBJECT_GRANT failed to create with error:
    ORA-01917: user or role 'EXAM_03' does not exist
    Failing sql is:
    GRANT SELECT ON "HR"."EMPLOYEES" TO "EXAM_03"
    ORA-39083: Object type OBJECT_GRANT failed to create with error:
    ORA-01917: user or role 'USER1' does not exist
    Failing sql is:
    GRANT SELECT ON "HR"."JOB_HISTORY" TO "USER1"
    ORA-39083: Object type OBJECT_GRANT failed to create with error:
    ORA-01917: user or role 'EXAM_03' does not exist
    Failing sql is:
    GRANT SELECT ON "HR"."JOB_HISTORY" TO "EXAM_03"
    ORA-39112: Dependent object type OBJECT_GRANT:"OE" skipped, base object type TABLE:"OE"."CUSTOMERS" creation failed
    ORA-39112: Dependent object type OBJECT_GRANT:"OE" skipped, base object type TABLE:"OE"."CUSTOMERS" creation failed
    Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/INDEX
    ORA-39112: Dependent object type INDEX:"OE"."CUSTOMERS_PK" skipped, base object type TABLE:"OE"."CUSTOMERS" creation failed
    ORA-39112: Dependent object type INDEX:"OE"."CUST_ACCOUNT_MANAGER_IX" skipped, base object type TABLE:"OE"."CUSTOMERS" creation failed
    ORA-39112: Dependent object type INDEX:"OE"."CUST_LNAME_IX" skipped, base object type TABLE:"OE"."CUSTOMERS" creation failed
    ORA-39112: Dependent object type INDEX:"OE"."CUST_EMAIL_IX" skipped, base object type TABLE:"OE"."CUSTOMERS" creation failed
    ORA-39112: Dependent object type INDEX:"PM"."PRINTMEDIA_PK" skipped, base object type TABLE:"PM"."PRINT_MEDIA" creation failed
    Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/CONSTRAINT
    ORA-39112: Dependent object type CONSTRAINT:"OE"."CUSTOMER_CREDIT_LIMIT_MAX" skipped, base object type TABLE:"OE"."CUSTOMERS" creation failed
    ORA-39112: Dependent object type CONSTRAINT:"OE"."CUSTOMER_ID_MIN" skipped, base object type TABLE:"OE"."CUSTOMERS" creation failed
    ORA-39112: Dependent object type CONSTRAINT:"OE"."CUSTOMERS_PK" skipped, base object type TABLE:"OE"."CUSTOMERS" creation failed
    ORA-39112: Dependent object type CONSTRAINT:"PM"."PRINTMEDIA__PK" skipped, base object type TABLE:"PM"."PRINT_MEDIA" creation failed
    ORA-39112: Dependent object type CONSTRAINT:"IX"."SYS_C005192" skipped, base object type TABLE:"IX"."ORDERS_QUEUETABLE" creation failed
    Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/INDEX_STATISTICS
    ORA-39112: Dependent object type INDEX_STATISTICS skipped, base object type INDEX:"OE"."CUSTOMERS_PK" creation failed
    ORA-39112: Dependent object type INDEX_STATISTICS skipped, base object type INDEX:"OE"."CUST_ACCOUNT_MANAGER_IX" creation failed
    ORA-39112: Dependent object type INDEX_STATISTICS skipped, base object type INDEX:"OE"."CUST_LNAME_IX" creation failed
    ORA-39112: Dependent object type INDEX_STATISTICS skipped, base object type INDEX:"OE"."CUST_EMAIL_IX" creation failed
    ORA-39112: Dependent object type INDEX_STATISTICS skipped, base object type INDEX:"PM"."PRINTMEDIA_PK" creation failed
    Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/COMMENT
    ORA-39112: Dependent object type COMMENT skipped, base object type TABLE:"OE"."CUSTOMERS" creation failed
    ORA-39112: Dependent object type COMMENT skipped, base object type TABLE:"OE"."CUSTOMERS" creation failed
    ORA-39112: Dependent object type COMMENT skipped, base object type TABLE:"OE"."CUSTOMERS" creation failed
    ORA-39112: Dependent object type COMMENT skipped, base object type TABLE:"OE"."CUSTOMERS" creation failed
    ORA-39112: Dependent object type COMMENT skipped, base object type TABLE:"OE"."CUSTOMERS" creation failed
    ORA-39112: Dependent object type COMMENT skipped, base object type TABLE:"OE"."CUSTOMERS" creation failed
    ORA-39112: Dependent object type COMMENT skipped, base object type TABLE:"OE"."CUSTOMERS" creation failed
    ORA-39112: Dependent object type COMMENT skipped, base object type TABLE:"OE"."CUSTOMERS" creation failed
    ORA-39112: Dependent object type COMMENT skipped, base object type TABLE:"OE"."CUSTOMERS" creation failed
    Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/CONSTRAINT/REF_CONSTRAINT
    ORA-39112: Dependent object type REF_CONSTRAINT:"OE"."CUSTOMERS_ACCOUNT_MANAGER_FK" skipped, base object type TABLE:"OE"."CUSTOMERS" creation failed
    ORA-39083: Object type REF_CONSTRAINT failed to create with error:
    ORA-00942: table or view does not exist
    Failing sql is:
    ALTER TABLE "OE"."ORDERS" ADD CONSTRAINT "ORDERS_CUSTOMER_ID_FK" FOREIGN KEY ("CUSTOMER_ID") REFERENCES "OE"."CUSTOMERS" ("CUSTOMER_ID") ON DELETE SET NULL ENABLE
    ORA-39112: Dependent object type REF_CONSTRAINT:"PM"."PRINTMEDIA_FK" skipped, base object type TABLE:"PM"."PRINT_MEDIA" creation failed
    Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/TRIGGER
    ORA-39082: Object type TRIGGER:"HR"."SECURE_EMPLOYEES" created with compilation warnings
    ORA-39082: Object type TRIGGER:"HR"."SECURE_EMPLOYEES" created with compilation warnings
    ORA-39082: Object type TRIGGER:"HR"."UPDATE_JOB_HISTORY" created with compilation warnings
    ORA-39082: Object type TRIGGER:"HR"."UPDATE_JOB_HISTORY" created with compilation warnings
    Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/FUNCTIONAL_AND_BITMAP/INDEX
    ORA-39112: Dependent object type INDEX:"OE"."CUST_UPPER_NAME_IX" skipped, base object type TABLE:"OE"."CUSTOMERS" creation failed
    Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/STATISTICS/FUNCTIONAL_AND_BITMAP/INDEX_STATISTICS
    ORA-39112: Dependent object type INDEX_STATISTICS skipped, base object type INDEX:"OE"."CUST_UPPER_NAME_IX" creation failed
    Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS
    ORA-39112: Dependent object type TABLE_STATISTICS skipped, base object type TABLE:"OE"."CUSTOMERS" creation failed
    ORA-39112: Dependent object type TABLE_STATISTICS skipped, base object type TABLE:"PM"."PRINT_MEDIA" creation failed
    ORA-39112: Dependent object type TABLE_STATISTICS skipped, base object type TABLE:"PM"."PRINT_MEDIA" creation failed
    ORA-39112: Dependent object type TABLE_STATISTICS skipped, base object type TABLE:"IX"."ORDERS_QUEUETABLE" creation failed
    Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/INDEX/DOMAIN_INDEX/INDEX
    Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/POST_INSTANCE/PROCACT_INSTANCE
    ORA-39112: Dependent object type PROCACT_INSTANCE skipped, base object type TABLE:"IX"."ORDERS_QUEUETABLE" creation failed
    ORA-39083: Object type PROCACT_INSTANCE failed to create with error:
    ORA-01403: no data found
    ORA-01403: no data found
    Failing sql is:
    BEGIN
    SYS.DBMS_AQ_IMP_INTERNAL.IMPORT_SIGNATURE_TABLE('AQ$_ORDERS_QUEUETABLE_G');COMMIT; END;
    Processing object type TABLE_EXPORT/TABLE/POST_INSTANCE/PROCDEPOBJ
    ORA-39112: Dependent object type PROCDEPOBJ:"IX"."AQ$_ORDERS_QUEUETABLE_V" skipped, base object type TABLE:"IX"."ORDERS_QUEUETABLE" creation failed
    ORA-39112: Dependent object type PROCDEPOBJ:"IX"."ORDERS_QUEUE_N" skipped, base object type TABLE:"IX"."ORDERS_QUEUETABLE" creation failed
    ORA-39112: Dependent object type PROCDEPOBJ:"IX"."ORDERS_QUEUE_R" skipped, base object type TABLE:"IX"."ORDERS_QUEUETABLE" creation failed
    ORA-39112: Dependent object type PROCDEPOBJ:"IX"."AQ$_ORDERS_QUEUETABLE_E" skipped, base object type TABLE:"IX"."ORDERS_QUEUETABLE" creation failed
    ORA-39112: Dependent object type PROCDEPOBJ:"IX"."ORDERS_QUEUE" skipped, base object type TABLE:"IX"."ORDERS_QUEUETABLE" creation failed
    Job "SYSTEM"."SYS_IMPORT_TABLESPACE_01" completed with 63 error(s) at 18:09:14

    Short of trying to then reverse-engineer the objects that are in the dump file (I believe Data Pump export files contain some XML representations of DDL in addition to various binary bits, making it potentially possible to try to scan the dump file for the object definitions), I would tend to assume that the export didn't include those type definitions.
    Since it looks like you're trying to set up the sample schemas, is there a reason that you wouldn't just run the sample schema setup scripts on the destination database? Why are you using Data Pump in the first place?
    Justin

  • Difference between ECC 6.0 and earlier versions

    Hi,
    one of the difference between ECC 6.0 and earlier versions is that instead 'WS_UPLOAD'  and 'WS_DOWNLOAD' in ECC we should use 'GUI_UPLOAD' and 'GUI_DOWNLOAD'  respectively.
    (of course SPDD and SPRO tcodes is known by everone i suppose)
    Similarly can u all put down some differences here, atleast one entry by each, I think we can make a good docu. I have searched the net for the differences but could not get much, so by each of us contributing one each, it would become good docu..for all of us.
    Thanx in advance

    Unicode Errors Encountered and their Solutions
    E1. In u201CTEXT MODEu201D the u201CENCODINGu201D addition must be specified.
         Error:
         OPEN DATASET FILE FOR OUTPUT IN TEXT MODE.
         Solution:
         OPEN DATASET FILE FOR OUTPUT IN LEGACY TEXT MODE.
    E2. In Unicode, DESCRIBE DISTANCE can only be used with the IN BYTE MODE  or  IN
          CHARACTER MODE  addition.
         Error:
         DESCRIBE DISTANCE  BETWEEN T_KOMK AND T_KOMK-HIEBO01 INTO BPOS.
         Solution:
    DESCRIBE DISTANCE  BETWEEN T_KOMK AND T_KOMK-HIENR01 INTO BPOS
    IN CHARACTER MODE.
    E3. u201CUSR02-UFLAGu201D must be a byte-type field (Typ X or XSTRING )
         Error:
         IF USR02-UFLAG O YULOCK.
         Solution:  Since the data type of USR02-UFLAG is type INT and is compared with data type
                    X u2013 Hence the error. So we  define a new variable ZULOCK and assign the
                    value of USR02-UFLAG to ZULOCK.
                  New variable             
                  DATA: ZULOCK(1) TYPE X.   "APBRP00
                  Assign value               
                                ZULOCK = USR02-UFLAG.
            Compare -
                   IF ZULOCK = YULOCK.   u201Creplace IF USR02-UFLAG O YULOCK.
    E4.  HT cannot be converted to a Character type field
    Error :
    WRITE ht TO t_data+10(2).
    Solution : Since the data type of ht is a type u2018Xu2019 and the data is been transfer to
             t_data which has a data type u2018Cu2019. value of one data type cannot be copy to
             another data type where one of them is type string .Hence the error occur,
             so the data type of ht is been change to Type u2018Cu2019
         OR
               A Tab ( value 09 ) is introduced as part of the row. The value 09 is not converted in Unicode environment. Instead we need to use class
         Error:
              DATA: BEGIN OF ht,
                   x(1) TYPE x VALUE '09',
              END OF ht.
         Solution:
                  Define Class after the Tables definition.
                       CLASS cl_abap_char_utilities DEFINITION LOAD.
                  Data Defination :  Comment internal table HT and define a variable HT type C.
           *   Insert + APRIA00 05/02/2007 Unicode project
           *   DATA: BEGIN OF ht,
         *         x(1) TYPE x VALUE '09'
           *   END OF ht.
         *   Insert - APRIA00 05/02/2007 Unicode project
           DATA HT type C.
           Before using HT assign Horizontal tab.
                     Ht = CL_ABAP_CHAR_UTILITIES=>HORIZONTAL_TAB.  
    E5.  In Unicode programs the u201C#u201D cannot appear in names, as it is does here in the name    u201C#LINESu201D
         Error :
         #LINES                 TYPE I,
         Solution : Since the # is used in the start of name, it is not allowed. We need to
                  remove it. 
         Solution for the above
         V_LINES                 TYPE I,
    E6. In u201CTEXT MODEu201D the u201CENCODINGu201D addition must be specified as well as the addition was required FOR OUTPUT,FOR INPUT, FOR APPENDING OR FOR UPDATE was expected.
         Error:
         OPEN DATASET PATH_NAME IN TEXT MODE.
         Solution:
         Download =     OPEN DATASET PATH_NAME FOR OUTPUT IN LEGACY TEXT MODE.
         Upload        =  OPEN DATASET AUSZUG-FILE IN TEXT MODE FOR INPUT ENCODING DEFAULT.
    E7. u201CTABu201D must be a character-type data object( data type C,N, D, T or String). Field string)    
         Error:
                data: begin of tab,                   "Excel Parameter Split at TAB
            t type x value '09',          "Tabulator
           end of tab.
                concatenate 'Material' 'Package Status'
                    into z_download-line separated by tab.
                ( In the above command  the two field are to be separated with a horizontal Tab. The earlier      way of assigning the tab value u201809u2019 will not work in Unicode environment.
         Solution:
         Define a  class just after the Table defination.
              CLASS cl_abap_char_utilities DEFINITION LOAD.
                Define  variable Tab as shown below :
              Data : TAB           TYPE C.
         Before the concatenate statement assign the value of Tab using pre-defined attributes.
              TAB = CL_ABAP_CHAR_UTILITIES=>HORIZONTAL_TAB.
    E8. Upload/Ws_Upload and Download/Ws_Download are obsolete, since they are not Unicode-
          enabled; use the class cl_gui_frontend_services     
         Error-1:  Function WS_DOWNLOAD is obsolete in Unicode environment.
                call function 'WS_DOWNLOAD'
                     exporting
                          filename = zfilename
                     tables
                          data_tab = z_download.
         Solutions-1: Instead of WS_DOWNLOAD use  GUI_DOWNLOAD.
    CALL FUNCTION 'GUI_DOWNLOAD'
      EXPORTING
    *   BIN_FILESIZE                  =
        FILENAME                      = zfilename
      TABLES
        DATA_TAB                      = z_download.
    E9.  The "/" character is reserved for identification of namespaces. It must be entered twice.
            The name  of a namespace must be at least 3 characters long.
         Error :      
                     U/N(3)        TYPE C,  "U/N    --> ERSETZT DURCH SPACE
         Solution :
         * Special character can not be used to define a data variable
         *      U/N(3)        TYPE C,  "U/N    --> ERSETZT DURCH SPACE
                  U_N(3)        TYPE C,  "U/N    --> ERSETZT DURCH SPACE
         * Insert - APSUS02 07/02/2007 Unicode Project
    E10.  "LP_TAB" and "CS_TAB" are not mutually convertible. In Unicode programs,
             "LP_TAB" must have the same structure layout as "CS_TAB", independent of the length
             of a Unicode character.
         Error : This error is encountered when data from one internal table is copied to another
                             internal table which different structure. In this case its LP_TAB & CS_TAB.
                     LP_TAB[] = CS_TAB[].
         Solution :
              * Replace + APSUS02 07/02/2007  Unicode Project
    *   LP_TAB[] = CS_TAB[].
                  move-corresponding CS_TAB to LP_TAB.
              * Replace + APSUS02 07/02/2007  Unicode Project
    E11.  Could not specify the access range automatically. This means that you need a RANGE
              addition.          
         Error :  Range need to be specified as an addition to the command.
                DO 4 TIMES VARYING HELP_CHAR FROM ABCD(1) NEXT ABCD+1(1).
               Solution : 
                DO 4 TIMES VARYING HELP_CHAR FROM ABCD(1) NEXT ABCD+1(1)
              * Insert + APSUS02 07/02/2007  Unicode Project.
                                                          RANGE ABCD+0(4).
    * Insert - APSUS02 07/02/2007  Unicode Project.
    E12 .  Processing Terminated Error code: Error in opening /
                                              Path not found when downloading to Unix directory.
         Error : PARAMETER: outfile(92) DEFAULT
                  '/CP/interface/NPP/data/MX/cbslaprcpts'
                        LOWER CASE,
                   kmxmstrd AS CHECKBOX.
                This error is encountered when the path is missing. The above path is related to CCP.
         Solution:  For testing purpose comment the original path and replace it with
                                     /CP/interface/CCD/Unicode_test/ 
    E13.    Upload/Ws_Upload and Download/Ws_Download are obsolete, since they are not                                                                       Unicode- enabled; use the class cl_gui_frontend_services
         Error: Function WS_UPLOAD is obsolete in Unicode environment. (During UCCHECK)
                   Call function 'WS_UPLOAD'
           Exporting
                Filename                = zfilename
                Filetype                = u2018DATu2019
           Tables
                data_tab                = z_upload
           Exceptions
                Conversion_error        = 1
                file_open_error         = 2
                file_read_error         = 3
                invalid_table_width     = 4
                invalid_type            = 5
                no_batch                = 6
                unknown_error           = 7
                gui_refuse_filetransfer = 8
                others                  = 9.
         Solution: Instead of WS_UPLOAD use TEXT_CONVERT_XLS_TO_SAP. Do not use temporary file put the file name as it is.
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