Discoverer without the concept of DataWarehouse

Hi,
Is it possible to "correctly" use Discoverer without the existence of a DataWarehouse? What I mean is, will I
get good results if my project is plugged on a 3NF (relationnal) DB?
Or, in an other way, could I schematized my data model in a star schema, without the concept of time (cause I won't be using a Datawarehouse) and without the concept of fact table (no summarized field)?
Thanks in advance.

Hi,
Yes, you can use Discoverer against any Oracle database. However, you may no get good performance unless you summarise your data.
Rod West

Similar Messages

Hi All,What is the concept of table control in bdc

Hi All,What is the concept of table control in bdc .Can u please explain in brief.How we have to handle the logic for va01 transaction .
Thanks&regards.
Bharat

Hi Kaushik Datta ,
                          I already know for me51 ,but i am getting the problem for va01 while populating the item details in to the table control. The code which i have generated is :
please see the code and tell me where i should increment the counter for populating the item details
report ZBKVA01Y
       no standard page heading line-size 255.
include bdcrecx1.
parameters: dataset(132) lower case.
   DO NOT CHANGE - the generated data section - DO NOT CHANGE    ***
If it is nessesary to change the data section use the rules:
1.) Each definition of a field exists of two lines
2.) The first line shows exactly the comment
      '* data element: ' followed with the data element
      which describes the field.
      If you don't have a data element use the
      comment without a data element name
3.) The second line shows the fieldname of the
      structure, the fieldname must consist of
      a fieldname and optional the character '_' and
      three numbers and the field length in brackets
4.) Each field must be type C.
DATA: BEGIN OF IT_DUMMY OCCURS 0,
      TEXT(1000),
      END OF IT_DUMMY.
Generated data section with specific formatting - DO NOT CHANGE ***
data: begin of IT_HEADER OCCURS 0,
data element: AUART
        AUART_001(004),
data element: VKORG
        VKORG_002(004),
data element: VTWEG
        VTWEG_003(002),
data element: SPART
        SPART_004(002),
data element: BSTKD
        BSTKD_005(035),
data element: BSTDK
        BSTDK_006(010),
data element: KUNAG
        KUNNR_007(010),
data element: KUNWE
        KUNNR_008(010),
data element: ABHOZ
        ABHOV_009(008),
data element: ABHOZ
        ABHOB_010(008),
data element: PRSDT
        PRSDT_011(010),
END OF IT_HEADER.
DATA: BEGIN OF IT_ITEM OCCURS 0,
data element: MATNR
        MABNR_01_012(018),
data element: KWMENG
        KWMENG_01_013(019),
      end of IT_ITEM.
*DATA: DATE(10) TYPE C.
*DATA: I_DATE TYPE SY-DATUM.
*DATA: I_YEAR(4) TYPE C,
     I_MONTH(2) TYPE C,
     I_DAY(2) TYPE C .
*DATA:
End generated data section ***
start-of-selection.
CALL FUNCTION 'UPLOAD'
EXPORTING
CODEPAGE                      = ' '
FILENAME                      = ' '
FILETYPE                      = ' '
ITEM                          = ' '
FILEMASK_MASK                 = ' '
FILEMASK_TEXT                 = ' '
FILETYPE_NO_CHANGE            = ' '
FILEMASK_ALL                  = ' '
FILETYPE_NO_SHOW              = ' '
LINE_EXIT                     = ' '
USER_FORM                     = ' '
USER_PROG                     = ' '
SILENT                        = 'S'
IMPORTING
FILESIZE                      =
CANCEL                        =
ACT_FILENAME                  =
ACT_FILETYPE                  =
TABLES
    DATA_TAB                      = IT_DUMMY
EXCEPTIONS
CONVERSION_ERROR              = 1
INVALID_TABLE_WIDTH           = 2
INVALID_TYPE                  = 3
NO_BATCH                      = 4
UNKNOWN_ERROR                 = 5
GUI_REFUSE_FILETRANSFER       = 6
OTHERS                        = 7
IF SY-SUBRC <> 0.
MESSAGE ID SY-MSGID TYPE SY-MSGTY NUMBER SY-MSGNO
        WITH SY-MSGV1 SY-MSGV2 SY-MSGV3 SY-MSGV4.
ENDIF.
*perform open_dataset using dataset.
LOOP AT IT_DUMMY.
IF IT_DUMMY-TEXT+0(1) = 'H'.
IT_HEADER-AUART_001(004) = IT_DUMMY-TEXT+1(4).
data element: VKORG
IT_HEADER-VKORG_002(004) = IT_DUMMY-TEXT+5(4).
data element: VTWEG
IT_HEADER-VTWEG_003(002) = IT_DUMMY-TEXT+9(2).
data element: SPART
IT_HEADER-SPART_004(002) = IT_DUMMY-TEXT+11(2).
data element: BSTKD
IT_HEADER-BSTKD_005(035) = IT_DUMMY-TEXT+13(35).
data element: BSTDK
IT_HEADER-BSTDK_006(010) = IT_DUMMY-TEXT+48(8).
data element: KUNAG
IT_HEADER-KUNNR_007(010) = IT_DUMMY-TEXT+56(10).
data element: KUNWE
IT_HEADER-KUNNR_008(010) = IT_DUMMY-TEXT+66(10).
data element: ABHOZ
IT_HEADER-ABHOV_009(008) = IT_DUMMY-TEXT+76(6).
data element: ABHOZ
IT_HEADER-ABHOB_010(008) = IT_DUMMY-TEXT+82(6).
data element: PRSDT
IT_HEADER-PRSDT_011(010) = IT_DUMMY-TEXT+88(8).
APPEND IT_HEADER.
CLEAR IT_HEADER.
ELSEIF IT_DUMMY-TEXT+0(1) = 'I'.
data element: MATNR
IT_ITEM-MABNR_01_012(018) = IT_DUMMY-TEXT+1(18).
data element: KWMENG
IT_ITEM-KWMENG_01_013(019) = IT_DUMMY-TEXT+19(15).
APPEND IT_ITEM.
CLEAR IT_ITEM.
ENDIF.
ENDLOOP.
perform open_group.
LOOP AT IT_HEADER.
perform bdc_dynpro      using 'SAPMV45A' '0101'.
perform bdc_field       using 'BDC_CURSOR'
                              'VBAK-SPART'.
perform bdc_field       using 'BDC_OKCODE'
                              '/00'.
perform bdc_field       using 'VBAK-AUART'
                              IT_HEADER-AUART_001.
perform bdc_field       using 'VBAK-VKORG'
                              IT_HEADER-VKORG_002.
perform bdc_field       using 'VBAK-VTWEG'
                              IT_HEADER-VTWEG_003.
perform bdc_field       using 'VBAK-SPART'
                              IT_HEADER-SPART_004.
perform bdc_dynpro      using 'SAPMV45A' '4001'.
perform bdc_field       using 'BDC_OKCODE'
                              '/00'.
perform bdc_field       using 'VBKD-BSTKD'
                              IT_HEADER-BSTKD_005.
perform bdc_field       using 'VBKD-BSTDK'
                              IT_HEADER-BSTDK_006.
perform bdc_field       using 'KUAGV-KUNNR'
                              IT_HEADER-KUNNR_007.
perform bdc_field       using 'KUWEV-KUNNR'
                              IT_HEADER-KUNNR_008.
perform bdc_dynpro      using 'SAPMSSY0' '0120'.
perform bdc_field       using 'BDC_CURSOR'
                              '04/05'.
perform bdc_field       using 'BDC_OKCODE'
                              '=CHOO'.
perform bdc_dynpro      using 'SAPMV45A' '4001'.
perform bdc_field       using 'VBAK-ABHOV'
                              IT_HEADER-ABHOV_009.
perform bdc_field       using 'VBAK-ABHOB'
                              IT_HEADER-ABHOB_010.
perform bdc_field       using 'VBKD-PRSDT'
                              IT_HEADER-PRSDT_011.
perform bdc_field       using 'BDC_CURSOR'
                              'RV45A-KWMENG(01)'.
perform bdc_field       using 'RV45A-MABNR(01)'
                              IT_ITEM-MABNR_01_012.
perform bdc_field       using 'RV45A-KWMENG(01)'
                              IT_ITEM-KWMENG_01_013.
perform bdc_transaction using 'VA01'.
*enddo.
ENDLOOP.
perform close_group.
*perform close_dataset using dataset.
Thanks&regards.
Bharat .

Connect to Discoverer behind the scenes

From my application I want the users to directly connect to the Discoverer without showing them the connection page.
I plan to use webservices api to connect to Discoverer and login.
Now how do I let the client browser connect to discoverer, how do I let Discoverer know that I have been authenticated?
Does Discoverer use any cookies.
Would not want to do a POST operation.
I am using private connections.
Edited by: user8810024 on Apr 13, 2011 11:31 AM

Hi Rod,
So I would create a condition that contains a condition on the left side:
put the entire condition on the left side like this?
CASE WHEN DECODE(Hold desc,'HIPAA',999,NULL,0,500) = MAX(DECODE("Hold desc",'HIPAA',999,NULL,0,500)) OVER (PARTITION BY Student.Id ) THEN 1 ELSE 0 END
= 1
I am a little confused:
a) Does this condition, simply control whether the calculation shows in the query?
b) or Does the condition also do the logic of the condition
to select rows that are = to the max(hold desc) for the student id?
c) If yes to (b) , then I should delete my existing condition of:
DECODE(Hold desc,'HIPAA',999,NULL,0,500) = MAX(DECODE("Hold desc",'HIPAA',999,NULL,0,500)) OVER
(PARTITION BY Student.Id )
d) If yes to (c), then I always want this condition checked off, bec it contains the filtering logic, so how could
I ever uncheck this condition so that calc should not show. If I uncheck it then the filtering would not run?
I am puzzled ... can you pls clarify, tx, s

Hi guys please provide me the concepts on workflow

hi guys,
please provide me the concepts on workflow.
i have no idea on workflow,
if you have any helpfull documentation and also some scenarios where u have faced and solved those,also some real time examples.
please help me, and also i will give points if it is helpfull.
thanks.
prasadnn.

Hi Prasad
Please find some questions related to WorkFlow
1. Is there a good book about this subject?
Yes, "Practical Workflow for SAP" by Rickayzen, Dart, Brennecke and Schneider. Available from SAP press at the end of July. A german translation of this workflow book is also available directly from Galileo-Press, the publisher.
2. How do I convince my company to use workflow?
Feedback from user groups emphasizes that although the competitive advantage gained by using workflow eclipses the financial savings, it is the financial savings that are the deciding factor when obtaining support from senior management. Projects getting the blessing at the CEO level are much easier to manage, and far more likely to reach their goal within the project time frame. So plan well, and don't neglect the business case.
Because the following questions deal with the financial case in more detail, this section will finish by listing the competitive advantages.
The quality of the process is assured by pushing the relevant information together with links to related transactions directly to the user. Managers don't have the time to search for information so give them what they need to reach the correct decision.
Cycle time is reduced by pushing the process directly to the users. The users receive notification of a task immediately and can even be prioritized by the system.
The tasks are performed consistently and diligently by the users. The workflow system pushes all the necessary information needed to perform a task, including a clear description of what has to be done, how to do it and the impact this task has on the business process for your company. At any time, the user can check the list of tasks pending and determine at a glance which are the important tasks, and which tasks can be completed the next day without any negative impact.
The process instance is transparent. Any user can check at any time how far the process has progressed and which stage the process has reached. For example the call center can immediately see the status of a purchase order, an employee requisitioning a purchase would see at a glance if a colleague has been sitting on it for too long, the ad hoc notes made when approving an engineering change request are visible long after the request has gone into production.
The process is flexible, allowing it to be changed on the fly without retraining everyone involved. The description accompanying the change takes care of on-the-fly process improvements.
Deadline handing ensures that users perform the tasks within the time planned. Escalation measures ensure that the failure to meet a deadline can be corrected by other means.
Intelligent reporting highlights the weaknesses of a process. Often there is a simple cure to such weaknesses such as reeducating the users involved in the bottleneck or providing additional information (automatically). The difficulty of a non-automated process is identifying such bottlenecks.
The process definition is transparent. You can see at a glance how the process works and who will be selected to perform the different tasks. Think of the workflow as the process book. If you can spot the pattern and define the process without headaches, you can create a workflow definition effortlessly. However, don't forget that if a company has business processes that are erratic and lack a consistent pattern, the company is very likely to be losing a lot of money in terms of lost contracts, labor intensive administration and low customer confidence. It is my personal opinion that automating exactly this type of processes will yield the best returns, but only if you limit yourself to automating the basic skeleton of the process first. Don't get bogged down in the detailed exception handling. That can be done in the next phase once you've checked the process statistics and determined which exceptions are worth tackling.
As with most software the reasons for automating business processes are primarily to increase the competitive edge of your company and to cut costs. Although the increase in competitively gained by radically reducing process times is by far the most insignificant gain from workflow, you should not ignore the cost savings. The cost saving calculations are needed by upper management in order to approve workflow projects. This upper management signature will be very useful in different phases of the project and cannot be underestimated.
3. How do I calculate the cost saved by workflow?
Calculate the cost of the manual process in terms of man hours. Don't neglect the time spent gathering information. Ask the following questions:
Is the user forced to log into different systems, or scan through printed documentation....?
Does a skilled user spend time on parts of a task, where less skilled (less expensive) user could do the groundwork? I.e. Can a single task be split into skilled and unskilled tasks to free the skilled worker for work where his/her skills are really needed?
Is time spent researching the progress of a process (usually done by someone not involved in the process directly)?
Is time spent determining who to give the task to next?
Probably the most significant cost will the be the cost of failure?
How often does the process fail?
What is the real cost of failure? Loss of a contract? Loss of a customer? Law suit?
If the failure can be rectified, how labor intensive is it?
4. What are typical costs saved by workflow?
A manually processed accounts payable invoice will cost about 25 USD. After workflow enabling about 15 USD (one example based on customer feedback from a user group meeting).
5. What are typical reductions in processing time caused by workflow?
A traditional paper based approval process involving three people will typically take seven days to complete. The automated process will take one day (results based on customer feedback).
6. What do customers say are the strengths of SAP WebFlow?
WebFlow is the internet functionality of SAP Business Workflow. Based on customer feedback from the various regional users groups, the main strengths of SAP Business Workflow are:
Robust production workflow system, (upgrade continuity with the rest of the SAP system, versioning, scalability, no gluing....)
Standard workflow templates delivered by SAP can be used out-of-the-box or tweaked to deliver the optimum business process for your company. Workflows can be up and running including training in under a day (thanks to the knowledgeware delivered as part of the template packet).
Seamlessly integrated into the SAP environment, be it R/3, Business to Business Procurement, CRM, APO, mySAP.com.... Examples of integration are:
Business Reporting (WIS),
Context sensitive availability at any time through the system menu (available anytime, anywhere)
More and more standard SAP functionality is being provided by using SAP Business Workflow so your homegrown workflows fit the landscape exactly,
More and more workflow functionality is available directly within the SAP transaction or Web MiniApp.
WebFlow is becoming more and more important because companies are no longer being judged by their own performance but by the combined performance of the company AND its partners. In other words it is not enough that the business processes within your company run smoothly and faster than your competitors. You have to ensure that the processes between you and your partners are also as fast, efficient and flexible as possible. WebFlow delivers this.
7. How are users notified about their work pending?
The users are informed by a work item which you may think of as being very like an e-mail. The difference is the work item contains intelligence and by executing the work item you will be taken to the form or SAP transaction that makes up the step in the workflow. This form or transaction could be a decision, a request for information or a request for confirmation that a particular task has been performed.
The work item is usually accompanied by a description of what has to be done, where to refer to when assistance is needed (help desk, intranet...) and a summary of information about the business object or process which enables the operator to attack the task immediately.
This work item can be received and executed in MS OutlookÒ, Lotus NotesÒ, mySAP Workflow MiniApp or the SAP integrated inbox. If this is not enough, the workflow system can transmit e-mail notifications directly to any mail system, informing the user of the need to log in to the SAP system to execute the task. The e-mail notification is done on a subscription basis so that users can de-subscribe from this service if they already check their work item inbox regularly.
8. What workflow reporting is available and is it useful?
Standard workflow reports exist which allow the administrator to check statistics such as the frequency and average duration of the workflow processes. However the real strength of the workflow reporting is that it allows reports to be configured which analyze the process statistics in combination with the data involved within the workflow process and the organizational units associated with the process. For example you can determine the average time invested in a failed contract renewal request, the time taken to create material masters in different plants or the frequency of rejected purchase requisitions on a department to department basis. Often, big reducations in cost or cycle time can be obtained without touching the workflow definitions. Reeducating a particular group of users or incorporating supplementary information in a work item description can often cause dramatic improvements on the cycle times of particularly critical subsets of the process. It is not unusual that this may have a big impact on specific products, plants or organizational units. This will show up in the WebFlow reporting in LIS or the Business Warehouse but it might not show up in traditional statistical workflow reporting. Even though the average time does not change significantly, the impact on costs and profit can be dramatic.
9. How do I choose who to distribute the tasks to?
A work item is assigned to one or more users. Whoever reserves or executes the task first wins and the work item vanishes from the other users' inboxes. This eliminates the need to assign the user to one single user. I.e. No need for complicated algorithms to determine which single user will receive the work item and no need to worry about what will happen when one user is ill for the week (also taken care of by sophisticated substitution mechanisms which can be linked to the SAP organizational model).
Tasks can be assigned to an organizational unit but the strength of the workflow system is to enable business rules which select users according to the data being processed. For example, you might have one group of users associated with one quality notification type. The workflow can be configured to query the QM module directly to determine the users. You can define fallbacks using the default role associated with a task and allow agents to be specified on the fly by a supervisor.
Tasks can be assigned to office distribution lists which is useful when you want your users to subscribe or unsubscribe to a particular task. A typical use of this would be where you have a work rote or want to reduce user maintenance to an absolute minimum. The users subscribe or unsubscribe by joining or leaving an office distribution list (one mouse click).
10. What happens when a deadline is missed?
This depends on your workflow definition. In the simplest case an e-mail is sent to another user by the system (typically your supervisor so watch out!). However in more sophisticated scenarios a missed deadline can redirect that path that the workflow takes. One customer uses deadlines to automatically make an approval if the deadline is missed (at about the eighth approval level!!!). This gives the user the chance to make rejections but does not force him/her to go into the system to approve the other 99.9% of the requests. In safety critical environments the workflow might trigger off preventative action when a deadline is missed or might put other processes on hold. There is no limit as to how you can use this functionality.
11. What deadlines can be monitored?
Many different types of deadlines can monitored. At the single workflow step level you can define deadlines which trigger when the work item has not completed within a certain time and other deadlines when no one starts working on the work item within a given time. You can specify the task deadline statically (e.g. 1 week) or dynamically (e.g. 1 week for material type A and 2 weeks for all the other materials). The offset can be related to the step (e.g. you have 1 week to complete this step) or related to the process (e.g. complete within 2 weeks of the complete process starting, irrespective of how long your colleagues have hogged the previous steps).
Last but not least, deadlines can be set for sub-processes, which is often more important than the deadline of a single step in a workflow.
12. How can I check the status of a workflow?
This is one of the very cool features of SAP Business Workflow. You can usually navigate directly from the business object to check the workflow progress. For example, while viewing a purchase order you can select "workflow" from the system menu or toolbar and you will see a list of workflows related to the purchase order. Usually just one, but if you have created a few of your own and these have been triggered you will see the status of these too. And that is not all. You also see a simplified summary of all the steps that have taken place so far including who performed them, when they were executed and which ad hoc notes were attached.
13. How are workflows triggered?
Workflows can be triggered automatically by changes in the system or manually by an operator. Manually triggered workflows are good for processes that remedy a problem the operator has noticed or for dealing with a forms-based requests (E.g. my PC won't boot). Automatically triggered workflows are useful because the operator does not even have to be aware of the workflow's existence to trigger it. In addition to triggers embedded in transactions there are also generic triggering mechanisms such as a change in the status of a business object or a change in the HR data. Irrespective of how the workflow is triggered, it is linked to the business object as described in the previous answer and can be tracked easily. Because WebFlow is part of the basis system, this triggering is reliable and easy to implement.
Workflows may be triggered by events but this is not essential. The event-handling makes it easy to trigger workflows from transactions and system changes without you having to make modifications. If you are creating your own report or transaction which triggers a workflow, avoid events and trigger the workflow directly with the WAPI function call. This is particularly important when triggering a workflow from outside the SAP system. This method reduces flexibility (the workflow ID is hard-coded) but increases performance if this is an issue (we're talking about 50 000 work items a day here!).
Any exception handling workflows that are intended to be triggered manually can be triggered from the system menu when viewing the relevant transaction. The SAP system has the intelligence to suggest workflows that can be triggered manually based on the authorization of the operator and the context that the operator is working in. No additional customizing is needed here.
14. What open interfaces are supported?
The most significant interface supported is the Wf-XML standard from the Workflow Management Coalition. This is an independent organization of which SAP is a funding member, along with most other major workflow vendors. The Wf-XML interface is based on XML and allows workflows from different vendors to communicate with each other. A detailed description of the interface is available on the WfMCs web site at www.wfmc.org.
15. What is Wf-XML used for?
Although a company is far better off workflow enabling their system with SAP WebFlow when SAP software is used anywhere within the process, a collaborative process can take place between partners using different software platforms employing different workflow systems. To support SAP customers in this situation, WebFlow offers the open interface Wf-XML. This allows Business Processes enabled using different tools to communicate and control each other. Any workflow tool offering this interface can connect up with other tools that also offer this interface.
Wf-XML is the only open interface for supporting interoperability of business processes, independent of what the business process being integrated.
16. Where does Wf-XML come from?
Wf-XML comes from the Workflow Management Coalition, an independent body of workflow vendors, customers and higher education establishments.
17. How does the workflow call procedures from non-SAP systems?
The Actional control broker integrates directly into SAP WebFlow enabling proxy objects to be called directly from the workflow step. When called, the proxy method will make a call to the outside system either as a background task or as a dialogue step. These proxy objects are generated in the SAP system using a converter which converts the objects interface (DCOM, CORBA...) to the SAP syntax. A syntax converter also lets developers view any object in any of the participating systems in the developer's preferred language.
18. How can I get the workflow initiator information in my task?
1) From your triggering event to the workflow, bind the event creator element to the workflow initiator element.
2) Create a workflow container element based on USR01.
3) Add a step based on USR01.FINDUSERFROMAGENTSTRUCTURE to convert your initiator to a USR01 object.
4) Pass the USR01 object to each task you want to display the details.
Mailing
19. What differences are there between a work item and a notification mail?
a) The work item cannot be used to notify several users.
Mails can be routed to several users, just like work items. When a mail is sent, and one recipient reads and deletes the mail, all other recipients will still have access to their own copy in their own inbox. However, when a work item is processed by one of the recipients it will automatically disappear from all the other inboxes. So you can see that a work item is unsuitable for notifying several users.
It is also worth noting that a mail can be forwarded in many different ways (fax, internet...) whereas the work item cannot.
b) The work item holds up the workflow
When the workflow sends a mail (usually as a background step) it continues with the process immediately after transmitting the mail. When a work item is generated, the workflow will not continue until the work item has been processed. This slows down the process. Occasionally this is what is intended (using the work item as an approval step without the ability to reject) but usually you will better off using mails for notifications.
Note: You can send business objects as references with the mail either as a business object reference attached to the mail or as an URL (ABAP required).
What is the difference between sending a mail to a recipient list compared to sending individual mails via a dynamic loop?
Performance. Sending 1 mail to 20 recipients will cost considerably less performance than sending 20 individual mails. If the mail is sent as a SAP Office mail (as opposed to e-mail, fax...) disk space will also be a factor because the SAP office mail will only exist once in the database, with references being created for each of the recipients.
The only time you need to consider individual mails with a dynamic loop is when the text of the mail varies from one recipient to another.
20. How do I send a standard text as an e-mail from workflow?
It is very easy sending standard text , which may include data from the workflow. You simply create a background step which sends the work item description. This may include variables which will be substituted when mail is sent.
In early releases you have to create your own task based on the method SELFITEM SendTaskDescription. In later releases a wizard is available for creating the step and in release 4.6 there is even a step type which does this all for you automatically.
Whichever path you take, there is very good online documentation describing exactly what has to be done.
21. How do I send a complex text from the workflow?
You may create mails using SAPscript. These mails can include conditions which are evaluated in order to determine which text blocks which are used in the mail. Workflow variables can be used in these conditions and workflow variables can be substituted into the body of the e-mail text.
22. How do I send really complex mails from the workflow?
If you this is not enough for you will probably want to write your own ABAP routines for generating the text and generating the attachments to go with the text.
Use the function group SO01 which contains functions of the form SO_*_API1 which are ideal for creating your own sophisticated messages. There are plenty of advantages of how these are used within the SAP system.
23. How do I send reports?
There are wizards (Release 3.1) which will create workflows for you to send reports to a distribution list. You can specify whether the results should be transmitted or evaluated at the time the recipient wishes to view the report. It is usually better to send the evaluation because this allows the recipient to see the results instantaneously, without having to wait for the report to execute first.
Deadlines
24. How can I configure the workflow so that different types of messages are sent out to different people depending on how late the processing is?
Follow these steps:
1. Specify a deadline period for the step.
2. Specify a name for the event. This adds new branch from the step.
3. Add a new step to the branch which sends a mail message.
4. Add another step to the branch which sends out the second deadline warning (see mail steps above). Use deadlines in this step to configure an earliest start so that the second message is not sent until a further time has elapsed.
5. Repeat step 5 as often as you like.
25. How can I configure the workflow so that when the deadline is missed the workflow step is simply skipped?
This is tricky to explain but easy to implement once you know how.
Follow these steps (in later releases there is a wizard which takes you through the steps):
1. In the terminating events view of the workflow step activate the "obsolete" event and give it a name.
2. Specify a deadline period for the step.
3. Specify a name for the event. This adds new branch from the step.
4. Add a new step to the deadline path. This step must be of type "process control".
5. Select the control "Make step obsolete" and use the search help to specify the workflow step that has the deadline. Only steps with obsolete paths defined will be displayed (see step 1).
26. How do I trigger a workflow with an e-mail?
You can customize the system to call a BOR method when an external mail (fax, e-mail...) arrives in the system. You BOR method should either trigger the e-mail directly or trigger an event. To customize this user exit use the transaction SCOT.
27. How can I make sure that user's access their tasks via the workflow and not via the menu or launch pad?
The routing mechanism for work items uses roles and organizational assignments to determine who receives which work item. However the routing does not provide extra authorization checks based on the routing configuration. If you want to ensure that the tasks are executed within the workflow, and not via the standard transaction, service or MiniApp, then you will have to apply your own protection.
The simplest way of doing this is to remove the standard transaction from the user's menu or Workplace role (but include it in the supervisor's role, just in case).
If you want to allow the user to execute the task from the menu if and only if they have received the work item then you should replace the standard transaction with your own custom built transaction. Your own transaction simply calls the standard transaction but performs it's own authorization check first, based on the routing mechanism used in the workflow. Tip: Add a second (ored) authorization check to make sure that a supervisor can execute the transaction in an emergency.
28. What is a workflow? What is a single-step task?
A single-step task is based on an object type from the object business repository (BOR) (for example, a purchase order) and a method for the object (for example, change). A workflow can contain several single-step tasks and activities such as loops and forks. Through a workflow, you create a logical sequence for the single-step tasks. The tool for creating or changing these types of workflows (workflow template) is the Workflow Builder (transaction SWDD).
29. What is a work item (important terms)?
A work item is the runtime object of a workflow or of a single-step task.You can execute dialog work items with the inbox (transaction SBWP). Each workflow and single-step task started is assigned a unique number known as the work item ID.
30. How is an event triggered from the application and a workflow then started?
An event can be triggered from the application in three different ways:
Directly:
Within the application, the SWE_EVENT_CREATE function module or the SWE_EVENT_CREAT_IN_UPD_TASK function module, for example, generates an event in the update.
With a change document:
Change documents are written within the application when you change application objects in the update. You can link events that have the same key with these types of change documents via transaction SWEC.
With status management:
The SWE_EVENT_CREATE_STATUS function module triggers an event in the same way as the direct method when a status is changed. This event contains the object type (for example, purchase order), the object key (for example, purchase order 4711) and other information. Using transaction PFTC, you can assign the event to a specific workflow or single-step task. More settings are available in transaction SWE2.
31. How are the responsible agents determined?
You can assign agents to a single-step task in transaction PFTC. For example, you can do this using organizational units, work center roles or positions. Within a workflow pattern, you can assign specific agents for this workflow to a single-step task. The overlap between both numbers of 'possible agents' represents the number of agents ('selected agents') who have the work item in the inbox later.
32. What is the difference of between an e-mail and a work item?
E-mails and work items are two completely separate things. They just happen to be displayed in the same inbox. An e-mail is a message sent to one or several people. However, a work item is a runtime object of a single-step task or workflow. Consequently, a work item cannot be deleted from the inbox of a user. In this case in fact, you have to adjust the agent assignment or delete the work item as described in note 49545.
33. PFAC no longer works for my role responsibility setup...
Use tx: OOCU_RESP
34. How do I transport workflow definitions and agent assignments?
When transporting workflows, you have to differentiate between the workflow definition and the agent assignment.
A workflow definition is a workbench request. When you save the workflow, a workflow version is created and a request written. Further information about the transport or about the status management is provided in note 378487 and in the notes mentioned there under related notes.
However, where the agent assignment is concerned, this is a Customizing request. To allow transport of agent assignments, the value of the semantic abbreviation CORR for the TRSP group name must be empty in table T77S0.
35. How do you debug a background workflow process?
In your method write the following code:
data exit.
Do.
if exit = 'X'.
exit.
endif.
enddo.
Run the workflow, causing an infinite loop on that step, and then go to SM50.
Here you can debug the process.
36.What is the Workflow basic Customizing?
Before you can use the Workflow module, you must first execute the basic Customizing in transaction SWU3. All of the listed points should be green (the number range for customer tasks is no longer required). A detailed description of the activities is provided in the relevant information buttons. You can also execute some (but not all) of the points using the Automatic Customizing button. See the online documentation for an exact description of what happens there. The RFC destination must work correctly and the user (usually WF BATCH) should have the SAP_ALL profile.
37.: What options do I have as a user to configure the inbox individually?
You have the following options:
You can create separate user-dependent or user-independent layouts so that you can adapt the displayed columns individually. You can access the function in the Workplace via an application function key.
You can set filters to set certain criteria for individual columns or several columns simultaneously, according to which specific work items are then filtered.
You can add dynamic columns in the layout that then display dynamic elements for certain tasks and users from the work item container. However, this is only possible if all tasks in the inbox belong to just one task. If they have several tasks in the inbox, filtering serves no useful purpose because all tasks are first completely read once. You can define these dynamic columns using transaction SWL1.
38. What does the substitute rule system look like in the workflow?
You have a choice of two different substitute rulings:
Active substitute ruling (for example, for absence due to vacations): In this case, the items belonging to the absent person are automatically assigned to the substitutes inbox (in addition to his own work items).
Passive substitution (for example, for absence due to illness): the substitute must explicitly assume the substitution and can only view the items of the absent person in this mode.
For other questions, you must also refer to note 74000.
39. How can users be automatically notified that new work items are available for processing?
Unfortunately, the dialog box that informs users of new work items which appears in SAPoffice is not available within SAP Systems.
However, the following two options are provided:
In the Workflow Builder, you can designate the item as an express item via additional data. The user then receives a corresponding express dialog box.
The RSWUWFML report (note 131795) is a more flexible option. This report sends an e-mail to an external Internet address to notify the user of new work items.
40. Can I set deadlines for the latest processing of work items?
this is where you can use deadline monitoring for work items. In the Workflow Builder, you can set dates for a requested/latest start/end date for each individual step. You must schedule the SWWDHEX job via transaction SWU3 for this. Schedule the job permanently in the production system otherwise it is difficult for the job to schedule individual deadline monitoring scenarios when workflow is heavy.
41. Can I also execute work items with external programs such as Outlook?
You can use the Web GUI for HTML instead of the Windows GUI. However, note that some functions do no work in the WEB GUI, due to technical restrictions in the browser. You must refer to note 487649 on this subject.
SAP also provides interfaces which allow you to process work items with external programs such as Lotus Notes or Microsoft Outlook. Refer to notes 77099, 98408 and 454845 for details.
Hi ,
More stuff on WORKFLOW
Transactions
AWUV Wizard for event creation Definition tools -> Event creation -> Set up with wizard
MCA1 Workflow Information System Reporting -> Workflow Information System (WIS)
OOAW Evaluation paths
PFAC Maintain standard roles
PFAC_CHG Change roles Definition tools -> Standard roles -> Change
PFAC_DEL Delete roles Definition tools -> Standard roles -> Delete
PFAC_DIS Display roles Definition tools -> Standard roles -> Display
PFAC_INS Create roles Definition tools -> Standard roles -> Create
PFOM Maintain assignment to SAP organizational objects Definition tools -> SAP org. objects -> Create assignments
PFOS Display assignment to SAP organizational objects Definition tools -> SAP org. objects -> Display assignments
PFSO Organizational environment of a user
PFT Maintain customer task
PFTC General task maintenance
PFTC_CHG Change tasks Definition tools -> Task/Task groups -> Change
PFTC_COP Copy tasks Definition tools -> Task/Task groups -> Copy
PFTC_DEL Delete tasks Definition tools -> Task/Task groups -> Delete
PFTC_DIS Display tasks Definition tools -> Task/Task groups -> Display
PFTC_INS Create tasks Definition tools -> Task/Task groups -> Create
PFTR Standard task for transaction
PFTS Standard task
PFWF Maintain workflow task (customer)
PFWS Maintain workflow template
PPOC Create organizational plan Definition tools -> Organizational plan -> Create
PPOM Maintain organizational plan Definition tools -> Organizational plan -> Change
PPOS Display organizational plan Definition tools -> Organizational plan -> Display
SWDA Ongoing Settings Administration -> Settings
SWDC Workflow editor administration data
SWDM Business Workflow Explorer Definition tools -> Business Workflow Explorer
SWE2 Display and maintain event type linkage Utilities -> Events -> Type linkages
SWE3 Display instance linkages Utilities -> Events -> Instance linkages
SWE4 Switch event log on/off Utilities -> Events -> Event/log -> On/Off
SWEC Link change documents to events Definition tools -> Event creation -> Change documents -> Linkage
SWED Assignment of change document objects to object types Definition tools -> Event creation -> Change documents -> Define workflow properties
SWEL Display event log Utilities -> Events -> Event log -> Display
SWF3 Workflow Wizard Explorer Definition tools -> Wizards -> Workflow Wizard Explorer
SWF4 Workflow Wizard Repository Definition tools -> Wizards -> Workflow Wizard Repository
SWI1 Selection report for workflows Utilities -> Work item selection
SWI2 Work item analysis Reporting -> Work item analysis
SWI3 Workflow outbox Runtime tools -> Workflow outbox
SWI4 Task analysis Reporting -> Task analysis
SWI5 Workload analysis Reporting -> Workload analysis
SWI6 Object links Runtime tools -> Object links
SWI7 Workflow resubmission folder From Integrated Inbox or Workflow Outbox
SWI8 Error overview Part of administration of workflow runtime system (transaction SWUF)
SWL1 Settings for dynamic columns Customizing, part of ongoing settings
SWLC Check tasks for agents Utilities -> Consistency check -> Organizational assignment
SWLD Workbench for Workflow 4.0
SWLP Copy plan version
SWLV Maintain work item views Customizing, part of ongoing settingS
SWLW Workbench for Workflow 3.0
SW01 Business Object Builder Definition tools -> Business Object Builder
SW06 Customizing object types From Business Object Builder, choose Settings -> Delegate -> System-wide
SWU0 Event simulation Utilities -> Events -> Simulate event
SWU2 RFC monitor Utilities -> Workflow RFC monitor
SWU3 Customizing consistency check Utilities -> Customizing
SWU4 Consistency check for standard tasks Utilities -> Consistency check -> Task -> Standard task
SWU5 Consistency check for customer tasks Utilities -> Consistency check -> Task -> Customer task
SWU6 Consistency check for workflow tasks Utilities -> Consistency check -> Task -> Workflow task
SWU7 Consistency check for workflow templates Utilities -> Consistency check -> Task -> Workflow template
SWU8 Switch technical trace on/off Utilities -> Technical trace -> On/off
SWU9 Display technical trace Utilities -> Technical trace -> Display
SWUD Diagnostic tools Utilities -> Diagnosis
SWUE Trigger event Utilities -> Events -> Generate event
SWUF Runtime system administration Administration -> Runtime system
SWUG Workflow start transactions Definition tools -> Workflow start transactions
SWUI Start workflows From the R/3 initial screen, choose Office -> Start Workflow
SWUS Start tasks Runtime tools -> Start workflow
SWUY Wizard for message linkage to workflow Definition tools -> Wizards -> Create "Call workflow from message"
SWX1 Create notification of absence
SWX2 Change notification of absence
SWX3 Display notification of absence
SWX4 Approve notification of absence
SWXF Form applications: Access point Environment -> Demo examples -> Fill out form
Reports
RSWWWIDE Delete work items
RHSOBJCH to fix PD Control Tables
Tables
SWW_OUTBOX - Lists Workflows in outbox together with status
SWW_CONT - Container Contents for Work Item Data Container
SWW_CONTOB- Container Cont. for Work Item Data Container (Only Objects)
SWWLOGHIST- History of a work item
SWWORGTASK- Assignment of WIs to Org.Units and Tasks
SWWUSERWI - Current Work Items Assigned to a User
SWWWIHEAD - Header Table for all Work Item Types
Reward poits if helpful.
Regards,
Amber S

Learning the concepts to make image adjustments?

Can anyone make some recommendations for learning how to make changes to an image's color using settings in PS or ACR such as Temperature, Tine, Exposure, Recovery, etc.
I can learn how to adjust the sliders, though how do you know what to even look for? How does someone without a photography background learn how to make an image look good?
Thanks.

here's a Russell Brown video on ACR, it's a much older version of ACR (PS7) so "recovery" is missing and the layout of ACR is also a bit different from the current version, but the concepts and workflow might be a good base.
http://www.adobe.com/digitalimag/tips/phs7rbrawbasics/movie_qt1.html
and here's a pdf on recovery which is missing from above
http://www.adobe.com/digitalimag/pdfs/phscs2ip_hilight.pdf

How can i use my account without the billing info, as i do not have a credit card. and my shipping and billing info is under US. i'm in singapore. how do i change this?

how can i use my account without the billing info, as i do not have a credit card. and my shipping and billing info is under US. i'm in singapore. how do i change this?

If you are just visiting Singapore, then leave the account as it is. If you have moved there, then view your account using the iTunes app on a Mac or PC and change the country/region to your current location and address. If you do not have a bank card, you can fund your account using iTunes gift cards if available in Singapore.

How can I print out the graph I need only, without the controls and indicators?

I'm doing some programming in LABVIEW. I need to print out only the graph, without the buttons, controls, indicators. I tried to look for such a function in LABVIEW, but in vain. How can I achieve the result I expect in my programming?

Hi Fenny,
you should use the report generation functions to create a report containing your graph image and print it.
Take a look at the Sample Test Report.vi you find in the report examples of LV.
Just look at the part of the diagram where it is used Append Control Image to report.vi (in the center of the report functions chain); a graph reference is wired to the Ctrl reference input ( to create a reference of your graph right click on it and select create reference).
Let me know if you need more help,
Alberto

When I share a pages document as a PDF (via e-mail) all the pictures change from the original document, most are missing with just a few of them repeated in the spots where others had been. How do I do this without the document changing?

When I share a pages document as a PDF (via e-mail) all the pictures change from the original document, most are missing with just a few of them repeated in the spots where others had been. How do I do this without the document changing?
I need to be able to send it to a PC in order to print it.

Hard to say what is happening without examining the file.
If you like click on my blue name and email me both the .pages file and the the .pdf you have made from it.
Peter
ps It would help to say what version of Pages you are using and on what you are running it. iOS or Mac and what version.

Hi, my MacBook Air is not working anymore if it's not connected with the power cable. It's pretty new so I can't imagine that the battery is dead already. Why can't I use my MacBook Air without the power cable even though I charged it for hours?

Hi, my MacBook Air is not working anymore if it's not connected with the power cable. It's pretty new so I can't imagine that the battery is dead already. Why can't I use my MacBook Air without the power cable even though I charged it for hours?

Please take the Mac to Apple store to have it checked out.
Genius Bar reservation
http://www.apple.com/retail/geniusbar/
Best.

Will a mid 2010 15" macbook pro not boot without the battery in it?

I have a 15" mid 2010 mabook pro with a swelled battery. I tried booting it without the battery in it and it would not power on. Is this by design or has my macbook been damaged?

Here are the Apple costs for a replacement battery:
iFixit sells Apple batteries, but the last time I looked, they were out of stock.
Recently on another post, it showed Apple batteries available through Amazon at favorable prices that appeared to be OEM quality. I suspect that these are gray market batteries but they may very well be satisfactory. I still say 'Caveat Emptor'.
If you do choose to go the third party route, you will need a #0 Triwing driver to install the battery.
Ciao.

Adding form pagination without the wizard

Hello,
I'm trying to add a form pagination feature into an existing page. When I'm trying to use the Create Form Pagination Wizard I'm getting the following error: "The Create Form Pagination Wizard uses the onChange JavaScript event to alert users when they are about to exit a page without saving their changes. Remove the onChange event from any item with a source of Database Column and restart the wizard."
I have many items on this page with onchange event, and I really don't want to erase all of then, using the wizard, and retyping them again. Is there a way to bypass this problem? I'm actually looking to use the " Get Next or Previous Primary Key Value" process. Can I manually create this process without the "help" of the wizard?
Thanks,
Arie.

Arie - Perhaps you could create a temporary form page with a "clean" form and then create the form pagination process there. Then copy that process to your existing form page. After the copy, edit the process and change all the item names, column names, etc., in the process definition page and create any items required to support it. Finally, delete the temporary form page.
Scott

HT201250 Can I restore photo files from Time Machine without the use of an external drive? I'm trying to restore lost photo files and I see them listed in Time Machine (without use of an external drive), but when I try to restore I get a error code 36.

Can I restore photo files from Time Machine without the use of an external drive? While I was transferring photos back and forth from a thumb drive something went haywire and my IPhoto was wiped clean! When I click on Time Machine I see all the dated pages (without an external storage drive connected), go back to a date where all my photo files are there, click "restore", and I get the message: "The Finder can't complete the operation because some data in file cant be read or written (error code - 36)"

Thanks so much Terence. I tried some of the fixes from that page, but then discovered the suggestion to compress the Time Machine Back up of the original library and transfer it as a zip back to my computer as detailed here:
http://pondini.org/TM/E9.html
That worked like a charm. I really appreciate it.

How to format my mac book pro without the installation disk ?

However, I do not have the installation disk. So the question remains as is the title: How do I format my Mac without the installation disk? i bought this mac book pro last year and im not sure if the warrantly is expired yet. If there is noway to format it without the disk, am i able to purchase the disk in apple store? Many thanks.

You don't. You need the installation disk. You can't buy the disk in an Apple store. You need to call AppleCare and order one. Have you serial number handy. To check your warranty status:
https://selfsolve.apple.com/agreementWarrantyDynamic.do

Is there a way to save a fillable form (in Reader) as a static (uneditiable) image and send it for signature without the recipient being able to revise the fields at all?

Is there a way to save a fillable form (in Reader) as a static (uneditiable) image and send it for signature without the recipient being able to revise the fields at all? I have designed a number of fillable forms and sent them to our clients as Reader extended pdfs to be filled out and sent back. Now, certain clients want to be able to fill in the fields and save the doc as a pdf that can't be tampered with so that they can send it to their own people for signature to be returned to them hand-signed and scanned via email.
Since the forms have been secured, and my cleints are only using the free Acrobat Reader, how can they save the filled in form as a static pdf to send on for signature? They do not want to have to print, scan and email. Is there an app, plug-in, simple solution to this?
Thank you,
Rumor

The signature WILL work! I've just looked into it more, thank you so much for pointing me in that direction.
I get it now, it locks the form fields in place after my coworker fills them in and signs it (as the very last step).
I wish I would have asked on here a full day ago. Would have saved a lot of headache and Googling.
Thanks again.

Print ALV report Directly - without the Print Parameter POPUP

Hai All,
I want to print a ALV directly to the printer without the Print Paramter POPUP.
I passed on IS_PRINT parameters in the FM 'REUSE_ALV_LIST_DISPLAY'.
But still i am getting the popup.
How to do this.
It is urgent .
Kindly help me solving this.
Vikki.

Hi,
i have passed IS_Print-Print = 'X'.
But even after that i am getting the print parameter popup.
IS there any other way to handle this. TO SUPPRESS THE PRINT PARAMETER POPUP.
Please guide me.
Waiting for ur replies.
Vikki.

Discoverer without the concept of DataWarehouse

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