DML,Transactions and index updates
Hi,
Its known adding indexes slows down the DML on the table. i.e. every time table data changes, the index has to be recalculated. What i am trying to understand is whether the index is recalculated as soon as oracle sees the change?
To elaborate, lets say i have a table abc with 4 columns, column1, column2, column3 and column4. I have two indexes; one unique on column1 and another non unique index on column2.
So when i am trying to update column4, which is not indexed, will there be any transactional data generated for this operation? Will it be generated if i am updating column2 ( with non-unique index) ?
What i am interested to know is how transactions boundaries impact the calculation of index. Will oracle always generate transactional entries and recalculate affected indexes even before the transaction is committed and the data change is made permanent ?
user9356129 wrote:
Hi,
Its known adding indexes slows down the DML on the table. i.e. every time table data changes, the index has to be recalculated. Yes, but only when involved (i.e. indexed) columns are changed.
And, indexes are not "recalculated". Assuming the index is of type B-tree (by farout the most commonly used type), then the "B-tree is maintained". How that's done can be found in elementary computer science materials which you can probably find using Google.
What i am trying to understand is whether the index is recalculated as soon as oracle sees the change?
To elaborate, lets say i have a table abc with 4 columns, column1, column2, column3 and column4. I have two indexes; one unique on column1 and another non unique index on column2.
So when i am trying to update column4, which is not indexed, will there be any transactional data generated for this operation?You'll need to clarify what you mean by "transactional data". But in this case the block(s) that hold(s) the table row(s) of which you have updated column4, will be changed, in memory, to reflect your update. And as column4 is not involved in any index, no index blocks will be changed.
Will it be generated if i am updating column2 ( with non-unique index) ?In this case not only table-blocks will be changed to reflect your update, but also index-blocks (that hold B-tree information) will be changed (in memory).
>
What i am interested to know is how transactions boundaries impact the calculation of index. Will oracle always generate transactional entries and recalculate affected indexes even before the transaction is committed and the data change is made permanent ?Yes (to the part following 'and' of the latter sentence. I don't know what you mean by "transactional entries").
Toon
Similar Messages
-
Re: Transactions and Locking Rows for Update
Dale,
Sounds like you either need an "optimistic locking" scheme, usually
implemented with timestamps at the database level, or a concurrency manager.
A concurrency manager registers objects that may be of interest to multiple
users in a central location. It takes care of notifying interested parties
(i.e., clients,) of changes made to those objects, using a "notifier" pattern.
The optimistic locking scheme is relatively easy to implement at the
database level, but introduces several problems. One problem is that the
first person to save their changes "wins" - every one else has to discard
their changes. Also, you now have business policy effectively embedded in
the database.
The concurrency manager is much more flexible, and keeps the policy where
it probably belongs. However, it is more complex, and there are some
implications to performance when you get to the multiple-thousand-user
range because of its event-based nature.
Another pattern of lock management that has been implemented is a
"key-based" lock manager that does not use events, and may be more
effective at managing this type of concurrency for large numbers of users.
There are too many details to go into here, but I may be able to give you
more ideas in a separate note, if you want.
Don
At 04:48 PM 6/5/97 PDT, Dale "V." Georg wrote:
I have a problem in the application I am currently working on, which it
seems to me should be easily solvable via appropriate use of transactions
and database locking, but I'm having trouble figuring out exactly how to
do it. The database we are using is Oracle 7.2.
The scenario is as follows: We have a window where the user picks an
object from a dropdown list. Some of the object's attributes are then
displayed in that window, and the user then has the option of editing
those attributes, and at some point hitting the equivalent of a 'save'button
to write the changes back to the database. So far, so good. Now
introduce a second user. If user #1 and user #2 both happen to pull up
the same object and start making changes to it, user #1 could write back
to the database and then 15 seconds later user #2 could write back to the
database, completely overlaying user #1's changes without ever knowing
they had happened. This is not good, particularly for our application
where editing the object causes it to progress from one state to the next,
and multiple users trying to edit it at the same time spells disaster.
The first thing that came to mind was to do a select with intent to update,
i.e. 'select * from table where key = 'somevalue' with update'. This way
the next user to try to select from the table using the same key would not
be able to get it. This would prevent multiple users from being able to
pull the same object up on their screens at the same time. Unfortunately,
I can think of a number of problems with this approach.
For one thing, the lock is only held for the duration of the transaction, so
I would have to open a Forte transaction, do the select with intent to
update, let the user modify the object, then when they saved it back again
end the transaction. Since a window is driven by the event loop I can't
think of any way to start a transaction, let the user interact with the
window, then end the transaction, short of closing and re-opening the
window. This would imply having a separate window specifically for
updating the object, and then wrapping the whole of that window's event
loop in a transaction. This would be a different interface than we wanted
to present to the users, but it might still work if not for the next issue.
The second problem is that we are using a pooled DBSession approach
to connecting to the database. There is a single Oracle login account
which none of the users know the password to, and thus the users
simply share DBSession resources. If one user starts a transaction
and does a select with intent to update on one DBSession, then another
user starts a transaction and tries to do the same thing on the same
DBSession, then the second user will get an error out of Oracle because
there's already an open transaction on that DBSession.
At this point, I am still tossing ideas around in my head, but after
speaking with our Oracle/Forte admin here, we came to the conclusion
that somebody must have had to address these issues before, so I
thought I'd toss it out and see what came back.
Thanks in advance for any ideas!
Dale V. Georg
Indus Consultancy Services [email protected]
Mack Trucks, Inc. [email protected]
>
>
>
>
====================================
Don Nelson
Senior Consultant
Forte Software, Inc.
Denver, CO
Corporate voice mail: 510-986-3810
aka: [email protected]
====================================
"I think nighttime is dark so you can imagine your fears with less
distraction." - CalvinWe have taken an optimistic data locking approach. Retrieved values are
stored as initial values; changes are stored seperately. During update, key
value(s) or the entire retieved set is used in a where criteria to validate
that the data set is still in the initial state. This allows good decoupling
of the data access layer. However, optimistic locking allows multiple users
to access the same data set at the same time, but then only one can save
changes, the rest would get an error message that the data had changed. We
haven't had any need to use a pessimistic lock.
Pessimistic locking usually involves some form of open session or DBMS level
lock, which we haven't implemented for performance reasons. If we do find the
need for a pessimistic lock, we will probably use cached data sets that are
checked first, and returned as read-only if already in the cache.
-DFR
Dale V. Georg <[email protected]> on 06/05/97 03:25:02 PM
To: Forte User Group <[email protected]> @ INTERNET
cc: Richards* Debbie <[email protected]> @ INTERNET, Gardner*
Steve <[email protected]> @ INTERNET
Subject: Transactions and Locking Rows for Update
I have a problem in the application I am currently working on, which it
seems to me should be easily solvable via appropriate use of transactions
and database locking, but I'm having trouble figuring out exactly how to
do it. The database we are using is Oracle 7.2.
The scenario is as follows: We have a window where the user picks an
object from a dropdown list. Some of the object's attributes are then
displayed in that window, and the user then has the option of editing
those attributes, and at some point hitting the equivalent of a 'save' button
to write the changes back to the database. So far, so good. Now
introduce a second user. If user #1 and user #2 both happen to pull up
the same object and start making changes to it, user #1 could write back
to the database and then 15 seconds later user #2 could write back to the
database, completely overlaying user #1's changes without ever knowing
they had happened. This is not good, particularly for our application
where editing the object causes it to progress from one state to the next,
and multiple users trying to edit it at the same time spells disaster.
The first thing that came to mind was to do a select with intent to update,
i.e. 'select * from table where key = 'somevalue' with update'. This way
the next user to try to select from the table using the same key would not
be able to get it. This would prevent multiple users from being able to
pull the same object up on their screens at the same time. Unfortunately,
I can think of a number of problems with this approach.
For one thing, the lock is only held for the duration of the transaction, so
I would have to open a Forte transaction, do the select with intent to
update, let the user modify the object, then when they saved it back again
end the transaction. Since a window is driven by the event loop I can't
think of any way to start a transaction, let the user interact with the
window, then end the transaction, short of closing and re-opening the
window. This would imply having a separate window specifically for
updating the object, and then wrapping the whole of that window's event
loop in a transaction. This would be a different interface than we wanted
to present to the users, but it might still work if not for the next issue.
The second problem is that we are using a pooled DBSession approach
to connecting to the database. There is a single Oracle login account
which none of the users know the password to, and thus the users
simply share DBSession resources. If one user starts a transaction
and does a select with intent to update on one DBSession, then another
user starts a transaction and tries to do the same thing on the same
DBSession, then the second user will get an error out of Oracle because
there's already an open transaction on that DBSession.
At this point, I am still tossing ideas around in my head, but after
speaking with our Oracle/Forte admin here, we came to the conclusion
that somebody must have had to address these issues before, so I
thought I'd toss it out and see what came back.
Thanks in advance for
any
ideas!
Dale V. Georg
Indus Consultancy Services [email protected]
Mack Trucks, Inc. [email protected]
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To: Forte User Group <[email protected]>
Cc: "Richards," Debbie <[email protected]>,
"Gardner," Steve <[email protected]>
MIME-Version: 1.0
From: Dale "V." Georg <[email protected]>
Subject: Transactions and Locking Rows for Update
Date: Thu, 05 Jun 97 16:48:37 PDT
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Reply-To: Dale "V." Georg <[email protected]> -
Transactions and Locking Rows for Update
I have a problem in the application I am currently working on, which it
seems to me should be easily solvable via appropriate use of transactions
and database locking, but I'm having trouble figuring out exactly how to
do it. The database we are using is Oracle 7.2.
The scenario is as follows: We have a window where the user picks an
object from a dropdown list. Some of the object's attributes are then
displayed in that window, and the user then has the option of editing
those attributes, and at some point hitting the equivalent of a 'save' button
to write the changes back to the database. So far, so good. Now
introduce a second user. If user #1 and user #2 both happen to pull up
the same object and start making changes to it, user #1 could write back
to the database and then 15 seconds later user #2 could write back to the
database, completely overlaying user #1's changes without ever knowing
they had happened. This is not good, particularly for our application
where editing the object causes it to progress from one state to the next,
and multiple users trying to edit it at the same time spells disaster.
The first thing that came to mind was to do a select with intent to update,
i.e. 'select * from table where key = 'somevalue' with update'. This way
the next user to try to select from the table using the same key would not
be able to get it. This would prevent multiple users from being able to
pull the same object up on their screens at the same time. Unfortunately,
I can think of a number of problems with this approach.
For one thing, the lock is only held for the duration of the transaction, so
I would have to open a Forte transaction, do the select with intent to
update, let the user modify the object, then when they saved it back again
end the transaction. Since a window is driven by the event loop I can't
think of any way to start a transaction, let the user interact with the
window, then end the transaction, short of closing and re-opening the
window. This would imply having a separate window specifically for
updating the object, and then wrapping the whole of that window's event
loop in a transaction. This would be a different interface than we wanted
to present to the users, but it might still work if not for the next issue.
The second problem is that we are using a pooled DBSession approach
to connecting to the database. There is a single Oracle login account
which none of the users know the password to, and thus the users
simply share DBSession resources. If one user starts a transaction
and does a select with intent to update on one DBSession, then another
user starts a transaction and tries to do the same thing on the same
DBSession, then the second user will get an error out of Oracle because
there's already an open transaction on that DBSession.
At this point, I am still tossing ideas around in my head, but after
speaking with our Oracle/Forte admin here, we came to the conclusion
that somebody must have had to address these issues before, so I
thought I'd toss it out and see what came back.
Thanks in advance for any ideas!
Dale V. Georg
Indus Consultancy Services [email protected]
Mack Trucks, Inc. [email protected]
[email protected]------------------I have a problem in the application I am currently working on, which it
seems to me should be easily solvable via appropriate use of transactions
and database locking, but I'm having trouble figuring out exactly how to
do it. The database we are using is Oracle 7.2.
The scenario is as follows: We have a window where the user picks an
object from a dropdown list. Some of the object's attributes are then
displayed in that window, and the user then has the option of editing
those attributes, and at some point hitting the equivalent of a 'save' button
to write the changes back to the database. So far, so good. Now
introduce a second user. If user #1 and user #2 both happen to pull up
the same object and start making changes to it, user #1 could write back
to the database and then 15 seconds later user #2 could write back to the
database, completely overlaying user #1's changes without ever knowing
they had happened. This is not good, particularly for our application
where editing the object causes it to progress from one state to the next,
and multiple users trying to edit it at the same time spells disaster.
The first thing that came to mind was to do a select with intent to update,
i.e. 'select * from table where key = 'somevalue' with update'. This way
the next user to try to select from the table using the same key would not
be able to get it. This would prevent multiple users from being able to
pull the same object up on their screens at the same time. Unfortunately,
I can think of a number of problems with this approach.
For one thing, the lock is only held for the duration of the transaction, so
I would have to open a Forte transaction, do the select with intent to
update, let the user modify the object, then when they saved it back again
end the transaction. Since a window is driven by the event loop I can't
think of any way to start a transaction, let the user interact with the
window, then end the transaction, short of closing and re-opening the
window. This would imply having a separate window specifically for
updating the object, and then wrapping the whole of that window's event
loop in a transaction. This would be a different interface than we wanted
to present to the users, but it might still work if not for the next issue.
The second problem is that we are using a pooled DBSession approach
to connecting to the database. There is a single Oracle login account
which none of the users know the password to, and thus the users
simply share DBSession resources. If one user starts a transaction
and does a select with intent to update on one DBSession, then another
user starts a transaction and tries to do the same thing on the same
DBSession, then the second user will get an error out of Oracle because
there's already an open transaction on that DBSession.
At this point, I am still tossing ideas around in my head, but after
speaking with our Oracle/Forte admin here, we came to the conclusion
that somebody must have had to address these issues before, so I
thought I'd toss it out and see what came back.
Thanks in advance for any ideas!
Dale V. Georg
Indus Consultancy Services [email protected]
Mack Trucks, Inc. [email protected]
[email protected]------------------ -
Hi All,
I was trying to run an update SQL statement as follows:
update tableA a set a.foo =
(select b.foo
from another_schema.tableB b
where b.bar = a.bar
group by b.bar,b.foo);
I have an index in tableA on the bar column (it is a number(10,0) type column), also in tableB there
are no more then 3 rows per unique bar column value. The update was taking more then 10 minutes (tableA has around 208K rows and tableB around 212K rows). I went into Enterprise Manager and looked at the performance analysis and run the Oracle advisor that recommended to create an index on tableB containing two segments bar,foo. I added this index and the update took 13 seconds. Why did this index help if oracle does the join first it only has to group up to 3 rows at a time also notice the there are only around 1000 joined rows where such case happens. Can someone explain this ?
thanks
TalWhy do you use "group by" when you don't use an aggregate-function ?
-
Transaction DB02 = Missing Tables and Indexes shows under Secondary indexes from package $tmp
Hi SAP Gurus,
I noticed on our SAP business warehouse (BW) system (NetWeaver 7.0 based on AIX/Oracle 11g) in transaction DB02 => Diagnostics => Missing Tables and Indexes under Secondary indexes, 26 indexes, in package $tmp:
The indexes are defined, but they don't have been created on the database.
When I try to create them via the database tool, I am getting the warning:
Does the warning raise up, because they where defined in the $tmp package?
I was looking in SAP notes for a solution for this "warning" concerning the /BIC/F-Indexes but I didn't found yet anything helpful ...
Thanks for your help and ideas ...
Best regards
CarlosHi Carlos,
These are secondary indexes created during process chains in BI to improvise performance.
You may refer below SCN blogs on creation of these indices in BI.
Secondary Index - Improving DSO insert/read performance
How to Create Secondary Index on DSO in SAP BW
Hope this helps.
Regards,
Deepak Kori -
Transactions and database locks
Hi,
We use Weblogic 4.5.1 on Windows NT 4.0 with Oracle 8.0.5. Our database
isolation is set to TRANSACTION_READ_COMMITTED. I have an entity bean with
TX_REQUIRED & TRANSACTION_READ_COMMITTED settings. If my client creates a
transaction, and starts calling methods on this entity bean, is the
corresponding database row locked for the duration of the transaction? We
have concurrent SQl-plus sessions going on and we want make sure there is
no data corruption. If the row is not locked, is it ok for me to explicitly
lock it from inside my entity bean?
Thanks,
Srini.
Hi. This should have been posted to the EJB or JDBC group, but I'll take it.
This is an Oracle question. If you have a transaction as you've described,
then the behavior will be exactly as if you had multiple SQL-PLUS sessions,
and in one of them, you did:
SQL> BEGIN;
-- do what your bean would do;
SQL> COMMIT;
You can test this there. In general, you'll find that Oracle's optimistic locking
will allow any number of simutaneous transactions to access a given row
at one time. Oracle does not lock the real data while a transaction is ongoing,
instead making a copy for the client to work off of. At commit time, depending
on the isolation level semantics, some or all of the transactions may fail when
Oracle tries to update the real data from the per-session private data.
I would council against running with SERIALIZABLE mode because there
is a serious bug in Oracle, where serializable transactions may fail silently.
Details on request.
Joe
Srini wrote:
> Hi,
> We use Weblogic 4.5.1 on Windows NT 4.0 with Oracle 8.0.5. Our database
> isolation is set to TRANSACTION_READ_COMMITTED. I have an entity bean with
> TX_REQUIRED & TRANSACTION_READ_COMMITTED settings. If my client creates a
> transaction, and starts calling methods on this entity bean, is the
> corresponding database row locked for the duration of the transaction? We
> have concurrent SQl-plus sessions going on and we want make sure there is
> no data corruption. If the row is not locked, is it ok for me to explicitly
> lock it from inside my entity bean?
>
> Thanks,
> Srini.
PS: Folks: BEA WebLogic is in S.F., and now has some entry-level positions for
people who want to work with Java and E-Commerce infrastructure products. Send
resumes to [email protected]
The Weblogic Application Server from BEA
JavaWorld Editor's Choice Award: Best Web Application Server
Java Developer's Journal Editor's Choice Award: Best Web Application Server
Crossroads A-List Award: Rapid Application Development Tools for Java
Intelligent Enterprise RealWare: Best Application Using a Component Architecture
http://weblogic.beasys.com/press/awards/index.htm
-
Best practice for PK and indexes?
Dear All,
What is the best practice for making Primary Key and indexes? Should we keep them in the same tablespace as table or should we create a seperate tableapce for all indexes and Primary Key? Please note I am talking about a table that has 21milion rows at the moment and increasing 10k to 20k rows daily. This table is also heavily involved in daily reports and causing slow performance. Currently the complete table with all associated objects such as indexes and PK is stored in one seperate tablespace. If my way is right then please advise me how can I improve the performance of retrival or DML operation on this table?
Thanks in advance..
Zia ShareefWell, thanks for valueable advices... I am using Oracle 8i and let me tell you exact problem...
My billing database has two major tables having almost 21 millions rows each... one has collection data and other one for invoices... many reports are showing the data with the joining of Customer + Collection + Invoices tables.
There are 5 common fields in between invoices(reading) and collection tables
YEAR, MONTH, AREA_CODE, CONS_CODE, BILL_TYPE(adtl)
My one of batch process has following update and it is VERY VERY SLOW:
UPDATE reading r
SET bamount (SELECT sum(camount)
FROM collection cl
WHERE r.ryear = cl.byear
AND r.rmonth = cl.bmonth
AND r.area_code = cl.area_code
AND r.cons_code = cl.cons_code
AND r.adtl = cl.adtl)
WHERE area_code = 1
tentatively area_code(1) is having 20,000 consumers
each consuemr may have 72 invoices and against these invoices it may have 200 rows in collection tables (system have provision to record partial payment against one invoice)
NOTE: Please note presently my process is based on cursors so the above query runs for one consumer at one time but just for giving an idea I have made it for whole area.
Mr. Yingkuan, can you please tell me how can I check that the table' statistics is not current and how can I make it current. Is it really effect performance? -
What is the diffreence between call transaction and session method
hi gurus
can any one suggest me
what is the difference between call transaction and session methods
in which cases we have to use teh call transaction and
in which cases we have to use session method.
thank you
regards
kals.CLASSICAL BATCH INPUT (Session Method)
CALL TRANSACTION
BATCH INPUT METHOD:
This method is also called as ‘CLASSICAL METHOD’.
Features:
Asynchronous processing.
Synchronous Processing in database update.
Transfer data for more than one transaction.
Batch input processing log will be generated.
During processing, no transaction is started until the previous transaction has been written to the database.
CALL TRANSACTION METHOD :
This is another method to transfer data from the legacy system.
Features:
Synchronous processing. The system performs a database commit immediately before and after the CALL TRANSACTION USING statement.
Updating the database can be either synchronous or asynchronous. The program specifies the update type.
Transfer data for a single transaction.
Transfers data for a sequence of dialog screens.
No batch input processing log is generated.
http://www.sap-img.com/abap/difference-between-batch-input-and-call-transaction-in-bdc.htm
Among the two methods call transaction is better compared to session bcoz data transfer is faster in it.
Differences between call transaction and session.
Session Method:
1) Data is not updated in the database table until the session is processed.
2) No sy-subrc is returned.
3) Error log is created for error records.
4) Updation is always synchronous.
Call Transaction Method:
1) Immediate updation in the database table.
2) sy-subrc is returned.
3)Error need to be handled explicitly.
4) updation can be synchronous as well as asynchronous.
2) ya u can use using the N mode no screen.
3)u can't handle multiple transaction in call transaction.
4) u can handle multiple transaction in session using the BDC_INSERT fm.
5)When u go to SM35 u can able to see the error records.
Which is best?
That depends on your requirement. Both of them have there advantages.
According to the situation u can choose any one of these.
difference between batch input and call transaction in BDC Session method.
1) synchronous processing.
2) can tranfer large amount of data.
3) processing is slower.
4) error log is created
5) data is not updated until session is processed.
Call transaction.
1) asynchronous processing
2) can transfer small amount of data
3) processing is faster.
4) errors need to be handled explicitly
5) data is updated automatically
For session method,these are the function modules to b used.
BDC_OPEN_GROUP
BDC_INSERT
BDC_CLOSE_GROUP
For call transaction,this is the syntax.
CALL TRANSACTION TCODE USING BDCDATA
MODE A or E or N
UPDATE A or S
MESSAGES INTO MESSTAB.
Take a scenario where we need to post documents in FB01 and the input file has say 2000 records (2000 documents, not line items in FB01 but 2000 records)
In the BDC call transaction method
We call the transaction FB01 2000 times (once for each record posting) and if the processing fails in record no 3 it can be captured and start with reocord 4.
Eg: Loop at itab.
call transaction FB01
capture errors
endloop.
In the session method.
We do not explicity call the transaction 2000 times, but all the records are appeneded into a session and this session is stored. The processinf of the session is done wwhenever the user wants it to be done. Hence the errors cannot be captured in the program itself
Check these link:
http://www.sap-img.com/abap/difference-between-batch-input-and-call-transaction-in-bdc.htm
http://www.sap-img.com/abap/question-about-bdc-program.htm
http://www.itcserver.com/blog/2006/06/30/batch-input-vs-call-transaction/
http://www.planetsap.com/bdc_main_page.htm
Batch Input Session method is asynchronous as told by others here. But the advantage of this is that you have all the error messages and the data for each transaction held persistantly. You don't have to code anything for processing them or writing the logs.
But at the same time, the same feature can be disadvantageous if you need to react to an error or if there are too many errors to manually correct in a session. Since the session are created in the program and its execution is done seperately, you loose the trackability of such transactions.
With a call transaction, what was a disadvantage above will become an advantage. Call transaction immediately gives you messages back and you can react to it in your program. But the disadvantage is that, if you have several hundreds of transactions to run, running them from within the program can be resource crunching affair. It will hamper the system performance and you cannot really distribute the load. Of course, you have some mechanisms with which you can overcome this, but you will have to code for it. Also, storing the messages and storing the errored transaction data etc will have to be handled by you in the program. Whereas, in batch input session, your program's job is to just create the session, after that everything is standard SAP system's responsibility.
Ideally, you should do a call transaction if the resources are not a problem and if it fails, put the errored transaction into a session.
You can decide based on the data volume that your BDC is processing. If data volume is high go for session else call transaction will do.The call transaction updates will be instantaneous where as session needs to be processed explictly after creation.
Session Method
1) Session method supports both small amount of data aswell as large amount of data
2) data processing is asynchronus and data updation is synchronus.
3) it process multiple apllication while perfomaning validations.
4) in session method data will be updated in data base only after processing session only.
5) system provide by default logfile for handling error records.
6) it supports both foreground aswell as background process
in bdc we use FM ...
bdc_open_group " for creating Session
bdc_insert " adding transaction and bdcdata table for updating database
bdc_close_group " for closing Session
Call Transaction
1) Call transaction exclusively for small amout of data
2) it supports only one apllication while perfoming validations
3) there is no default logfile, We can explicitly provide logic for creating logfile for handling error records.
we can create logfile by using structure....BDCMSGCOLL
4) it doesn't support background processing.
5) data processing is synchronous and Data updation is Synchronous( default), in
this method also supports daya updation in asynchronus process also.
syntax:
Call transaction <transaction-name> using BDCDATA
mode <A/N/E>
update <L/A/S>
messages into BDCMSGCOLL.
BDC:
Batch Data Communication (BDC) is the process of transferring data from one SAP System to another SAP system or from a non-SAP system to SAP System.
Features :
BDC is an automatic procedure.
This method is used to transfer large amount of data that is available in electronic medium.
BDC can be used primarily when installing the SAP system and when transferring data from a legacy system (external system).
BDC uses normal transaction codes to transfer data.
Types of BDC :
CLASSICAL BATCH INPUT (Session Method)
CALL TRANSACTION
BATCH INPUT METHOD:
This method is also called as ‘CLASSICAL METHOD’.
Features:
Asynchronous processing.
Synchronous Processing in database update.
Transfer data for more than one transaction.
Batch input processing log will be generated.
During processing, no transaction is started until the previous transaction has been written to the database.
CALL TRANSACTION METHOD :
This is another method to transfer data from the legacy system.
Features:
Synchronous processing. The system performs a database commit immediately before and after the CALL TRANSACTION USING statement.
Updating the database can be either synchronous or asynchronous. The program specifies the update type.
Transfer data for a single transaction.
Transfers data for a sequence of dialog screens.
No batch input processing log is generated.
For BDC:
http://myweb.dal.ca/hchinni/sap/bdc_home.htm
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/wiki?path=/display/home/bdc&
http://www.sap-img.com/abap/learning-bdc-programming.htm
http://www.sapdevelopment.co.uk/bdc/bdchome.htm
http://www.sap-img.com/abap/difference-between-batch-input-and-call-transaction-in-bdc.htm
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_47x200/helpdata/en/69/c250684ba111d189750000e8322d00/frameset.htm
http://www.sapbrain.com/TUTORIALS/TECHNICAL/BDC_tutorial.html
Check these link:
http://www.sap-img.com/abap/difference-between-batch-input-and-call-transaction-in-bdc.htm
http://www.sap-img.com/abap/question-about-bdc-program.htm
http://www.itcserver.com/blog/2006/06/30/batch-input-vs-call-transaction/
http://www.planetsap.com/bdc_main_page.htm
call Transaction or session method ?
Check the following links:
http://www.sap-img.com/bdc.htm
See below example code :
Call three FM : BDC_OPEN_GROUP,BDC_INSERT and BDC_CLOSE_GROUP.
Once you execute the program and it creates the session at SM35 Transaction.
Report : ZMPPC011
Type : Data upload
Author : Chetan Shah
Date : 05/05/2005
Transport : DV3K919557
Transaction: ??
Description: This ABAP/4 Program creates new Production Versions
(C223). It accepts tab-delimited spreadsheet input and
creates BDC sessions.
Modification Log
Date Programmer Request # Description
06/10/2005 Chetan Shah DV3K919557 Initial coding
report zmppc011 no standard page heading line-size 120 line-count 55
message-id zz.
pool of form routines
include zmppn001.
Define BDC Table Structure
data: begin of itab_bdc_tab occurs 0.
include structure bdcdata.
data: end of itab_bdc_tab.
Input record layout of Leagcy File
data: begin of itab_xcel occurs 0,
matnr(18) type c,
werks(4) type c,
alnag(2) type c,
verid(4) type c,
text1(40) type c,
bstmi like mkal-bstmi,
bstma like mkal-bstma,
adatu(10) type c,
bdatu(10) type c,
stlal(2) type c,
stlan(1) type c,
serkz(1) type c,
mdv01(8) type c,
elpro(4) type c,
alort(4) type c,
end of itab_xcel.
data: begin of lt_pp04_cache occurs 0,
matnr like itab_xcel-matnr,
werks like itab_xcel-werks,
alnag like itab_xcel-alnag,
plnnr like mapl-plnnr,
arbpl like crhd-arbpl,
ktext like crtx-ktext,
end of lt_pp04_cache.
data: v_ssnnr(4) type n,
v_lines_in_xcel like sy-tabix,
v_ssnname like apqi-groupid,
v_trans_in_ssn type i,
wa_xcel LIKE itab_xcel,
l_tabix like sy-tabix,
v_matnr like rc27m-matnr,
v_plnnr like mapl-plnnr,
v_plnal like mapl-plnal,
v_tcode like sy-tcode value 'C223',
v_plnty like plas-plnty value 'R',
v_objty like crhd-objty value 'A',
v_plpo_steus like plpo-steus value 'PP04',
v_verwe like crhd-verwe value '0007'.
Parameters
selection-screen: skip 3.
selection-screen: begin of block 1 with frame.
parameters: p_name like rlgrap-filename
default 'C:\My Documents\InputFile.txt'
obligatory,
bdc session name prefix
p_bdcpfx(6) default 'ZPVCRT'
obligatory,
number for transction per BDC session
p_trnssn type i
default 2000 obligatory,
retain the BDC session after successfull execution
p_keep like apqi-qerase
default 'X',
user who will be executing BDC session
p_uname like apqi-userid
default sy-uname
obligatory.
selection-screen: end of block 1.
possible entry list (F4 dropdown) for input file name
at selection-screen on value-request for p_name.
*-SELECT FILE FROM USERS LOCAL PC
call function 'WS_FILENAME_GET'
exporting
DEF_FILENAME = ' '
def_path = 'C:\Temp\'
mask = ',.,..'
mode = 'O'
title = 'Select File '(007)
importing
filename = p_name
RC =
exceptions
inv_winsys = 1
no_batch = 2
selection_cancel = 3
selection_error = 4
others = 5.
if sy-subrc 0.
MESSAGE ID sy-msgid TYPE sy-msgty NUMBER sy-msgno
WITH sy-msgv1 sy-msgv2 sy-msgv3 sy-msgv4.
endif.
begin the show
start-of-selection.
read data from input file
perform transfer_xcel_to_itab.
loop at itab_xcel.
hang on to xcel line num
l_tabix = sy-tabix.
each line in the xcel file marks begining of new prod.version defn
if num-of-trnas-in-session = 0, create new BDC session
if v_trans_in_ssn is initial.
perform bdc_session_open.
endif.
begin new bdc script for rtg create trans
fill in bdc-data for prod.version maintenance screens
perform bdc_build_script.
insert the bdc script as a BDC transaction
perform bdc_submit_transaction.
keep track of how many BDC transactions were inserted in the BDC
session
add 1 to v_trans_in_ssn.
if the user-specified num of trans in BDC session is reached OR
if end of input file is reached, close the BDC session
if v_trans_in_ssn = p_trnssn or
l_tabix = v_lines_in_xcel.
perform bdc_session_close.
clear v_trans_in_ssn.
endif.
endloop.
top-of-page.
call function 'Z_HEADER'
EXPORTING
FLEX_TEXT1 =
FLEX_TEXT2 =
FLEX_TEXT3 =
FORM TRANSFER_XCEL_TO_ITAB *
Transfer Xcel Spreadsheet to SAP Internal Table *
form transfer_xcel_to_itab.
Read the tab-delimited file into itab
call function 'WS_UPLOAD'
exporting
filename = p_name
filetype = 'DAT'
IMPORTING
filelength = flength
tables
data_tab = itab_xcel
exceptions
conversion_error = 1
file_open_error = 2
file_read_error = 3
invalid_table_width = 4
invalid_type = 5
no_batch = 6
unknown_error = 7
others = 8.
if sy-subrc = 0.
sort the data
sort itab_xcel by matnr werks.
clear v_lines_in_xcel.
if no data in the file - error out
describe table itab_xcel lines v_lines_in_xcel.
if v_lines_in_xcel is initial.
write: / 'No data in input file'.
stop.
endif.
else.
if file upload failed - error out
write: / 'Error reading input file'.
stop.
endif.
endform.
FORM BDC_SESSION_OPEN *
Open BDC Session *
form bdc_session_open.
create bdc session name = prefix-from-selectn-screen + nnnn
add 1 to v_ssnnr.
concatenate p_bdcpfx v_ssnnr into v_ssnname.
open new bdc session
call function 'BDC_OPEN_GROUP'
exporting
client = sy-mandt
group = v_ssnname
keep = p_keep
user = p_uname
exceptions
client_invalid = 1
destination_invalid = 2
group_invalid = 3
group_is_locked = 4
holddate_invalid = 5
internal_error = 6
queue_error = 7
running = 8
system_lock_error = 9
user_invalid = 10
others = 11.
endform.
FORM BDC_BUILD_SCRIPT *
Build BDC *
form bdc_build_script.
data: l_arbpl like crhd-arbpl,
l_text1 like mkal-text1,
l_mdv01 like mkal-mdv01,
l_mapl like mapl.
clear bdc-data itab - begin of new bdc transaction
clear itab_bdc_tab.
refresh itab_bdc_tab.
read material cross reference tables to determine sap part#
clear : v_matnr, v_plnnr, v_plnal.
perform read_matnr_cross_ref using itab_xcel-matnr
itab_xcel-werks
changing v_matnr.
determine the version description to use
if itab_xcel-text1 is initial.
l_text1 = itab_xcel-verid.
else.
l_text1 = itab_xcel-text1.
endif.
determine the routing group# and group ctr# to use
perform read_routing .
determine the production line to use
if itab_xcel-mdv01 is initial.
if not provided in the file then:
prod line = work ctr on the last PP04 op of the rtg determined above
perform read_wc_on_last_pp04 using v_plnnr v_plnal
changing l_mdv01.
NOTE: when executing the above form\routine, if v_plnnr is initial
or v_plnal is initial, THEN l_mdv01 will automatically be
returned blank (ie initial)
else.
l_mdv01 = itab_xcel-mdv01.
endif.
build bdc script
perform bdc_build_script_record
fill in initial screen
using: 'X' 'SAPLCMFV' '1000',
' ' 'BDC_OKCODE' '=ENTE',
' ' 'MKAL-WERKS' itab_xcel-werks,
' ' 'MKAL-MATNR' v_matnr,
' ' 'MKAL_ADMIN-DISPO' space,
' ' 'MKAL-PLNNR' space,
' ' 'MKAL_ADMIN-STTAG' space,
' ' 'MKAL-PLNNG' space,
' ' 'MKAL-MDV01' space,
' ' 'MKAL-PLNNM' space,
click create button on initial screen and go to detail screen
'X' 'SAPLCMFV' '1000',
' ' 'BDC_OKCODE' '=CREA',
fill in the detail screen and go back to initial screen
'X' 'SAPLCMFV' '2000',
' ' 'BDC_OKCODE' '=CLOS',
' ' 'MKAL_EXPAND-MATNR' v_matnr,
' ' 'MKAL_EXPAND-VERID' itab_xcel-verid,
' ' 'MKAL_EXPAND-TEXT1' l_text1,
' ' 'MKAL_EXPAND-BSTMI' itab_xcel-bstmi,
' ' 'MKAL_EXPAND-BSTMA' itab_xcel-bstma,
' ' 'MKAL_EXPAND-ADATU' itab_xcel-adatu,
' ' 'MKAL_EXPAND-BDATU' itab_xcel-bdatu,
' ' 'MKAL_EXPAND-PLTYG' v_plnty,
' ' 'MKAL_EXPAND-PLNNG' v_plnnr,
' ' 'MKAL_EXPAND-ALNAG' v_plnal,
' ' 'MKAL_EXPAND-STLAL' itab_xcel-stlal,
' ' 'MKAL_EXPAND-STLAN' itab_xcel-stlan,
' ' 'MKAL_EXPAND-SERKZ' itab_xcel-serkz,
' ' 'MKAL_EXPAND-MDV01' l_mdv01,
' ' 'MKAL_EXPAND-ELPRO' itab_xcel-elpro,
' ' 'MKAL_EXPAND-ALORT' itab_xcel-alort,
save the production version from initial screen
'X' 'SAPLCMFV' '1000',
' ' 'BDC_OKCODE' '=SAVE'.
endform.
FORM BDC_SUBMIT_TRANSACTION *
Submit BDC Session *
form bdc_submit_transaction.
Load BDC script as a trqansction in BDC session
call function 'BDC_INSERT'
exporting
tcode = v_tcode
tables
dynprotab = itab_bdc_tab
exceptions
internal_error = 01
not_open = 02
queue_error = 03
tcode_invalid = 04.
endform.
FORM BDC_BUILD_SCRIPT_RECORD *
form bdc_build_script_record using dynbegin name value.
clear itab_bdc_tab.
if dynbegin = 'X'.
move: name to itab_bdc_tab-program,
value to itab_bdc_tab-dynpro,
'X' to itab_bdc_tab-dynbegin.
else.
move: name to itab_bdc_tab-fnam,
value to itab_bdc_tab-fval.
shift itab_bdc_tab-fval left deleting leading space.
endif.
append itab_bdc_tab.
endform.
FORM BDC_SESSION_CLOSE *
Close BDC Session *
form bdc_session_close.
close the session
call function 'BDC_CLOSE_GROUP'
exceptions
not_open = 1
queue_error = 2
others = 3.
skip 2.
if sy-subrc ne 0.
write: / 'Error Closing BDC Session ' , 'RETURN CODE: ', sy-subrc.
else.
write : / 'Session created:', v_ssnname,
50 '# of transactions:', v_trans_in_ssn.
endif.
endform.
*& Form read_routing_cache
*FORM read_routing_cache USING pi_matnr
pi_werks
pi_alnag
pi_verid
pi_mdv01.
DATA: BEGIN OF lt_plpo OCCURS 0,
vornr LIKE plpo-vornr,
objty LIKE crhd-objty,
objid LIKE crhd-objid,
arbpl LIKE crhd-arbpl,
END OF lt_plpo,
l_mapl_plnnr LIKE mapl-plnnr.
determine the routing group#
CLEAR lt_pp04_cache.
chk if its in the cache first, if not then get it from MAPL table
and put it in the cache
READ TABLE lt_pp04_cache WITH KEY matnr = pi_matnr
werks = pi_werks
alnag = pi_alnag.
IF sy-subrc = 0.
do nothing - lt_pp04_cache header line has rtg#
ELSE.
get the routing group # from MAPL
SELECT plnnr INTO l_mapl_plnnr
FROM mapl UP TO 1 ROWS
WHERE matnr = pi_matnr AND
werks = pi_werks AND
plnty = 'R' AND
plnal = pi_alnag AND
loekz = space.
ENDSELECT.
put it in the cache internal table
IF NOT l_mapl_plnnr IS INITIAL.
lt_pp04_cache-matnr = pi_matnr.
lt_pp04_cache-werks = pi_werks.
lt_pp04_cache-alnag = pi_alnag.
lt_pp04_cache-plnnr = l_mapl_plnnr.
APPEND lt_pp04_cache.
ENDIF.
ENDIF.
if the rtg# was determined AND
the work center was not determined yet AND
work center was really needed for this line in the input file
then
read the work center from last PP04 operation on the routing
update the cache accordingly
IF NOT lt_pp04_cache-plnnr IS INITIAL AND
lt_pp04_cache-arbpl IS INITIAL AND
( pi_verid IS INITIAL OR
pi_mdv01 IS INITIAL ).
read the last PP04 operation
CLEAR lt_plpo.
REFRESH lt_plpo.
SELECT vornr eobjty eobjid e~arbpl
INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE lt_plpo
FROM plas AS b
INNER JOIN plpo AS c
ON bplnty = cplnty AND
bplnnr = cplnnr AND
bzaehl = czaehl
INNER JOIN crhd AS e
ON carbid = eobjid
WHERE b~plnty = v_plnty AND
b~plnnr = lt_pp04_cache-plnnr AND
b~plnal = lt_pp04_cache-alnag AND
c~loekz = space AND
c~steus = v_plpo_steus AND
e~objty = v_objty AND
e~werks = lt_pp04_cache-werks AND
e~verwe = v_verwe.
SORT lt_plpo BY vornr DESCENDING.
READ TABLE lt_plpo INDEX 1.
IF NOT lt_plpo-arbpl IS INITIAL.
lt_pp04_cache-arbpl = lt_plpo-arbpl.
read work center description
SELECT SINGLE ktext INTO lt_pp04_cache-ktext
FROM crtx WHERE objty = lt_plpo-objty AND
objid = lt_plpo-objid AND
spras = sy-langu.
the following read will get the index of the correct record to be
updated in the cache
READ TABLE lt_pp04_cache
WITH KEY matnr = pi_matnr
werks = pi_werks
alnag = pi_alnag.
MODIFY lt_pp04_cache
INDEX sy-tabix
TRANSPORTING arbpl ktext.
ENDIF.
ENDIF.
*ENDFORM. " read_last_pp04_operation_cache
*& Form read_routing
form read_routing.
data: begin of lt_mapl occurs 0,
plnnr like mapl-plnnr,
plnal like mapl-plnal,
end of lt_mapl,
l_arbpl like crhd-arbpl.
get all the rtg# and grp ctr# from MAPL
select plnnr plnal
into corresponding fields of table lt_mapl
from mapl
where matnr = v_matnr and
werks = itab_xcel-werks and
plnty = v_plnty and "Rate Routing
loekz = space. "with del flag = OFF
sort lt_mapl by plnal.
if not itab_xcel-verid is initial.
if the verid=0001 then use the 1st good rtg-grp# and grp-ctr#
if itab_xcel-verid = '0001'.
read table lt_mapl index 1.
v_plnnr = lt_mapl-plnnr.
v_plnal = lt_mapl-plnal.
else.
if the verid0001 then use the rtg-grp# and grp-ctr# of the routing
whose work center on the last PP04 operation matches the given verid
loop at lt_mapl.
clear l_arbpl.
get the work center from the last PP04 operation
perform read_wc_on_last_pp04 using lt_mapl-plnnr
lt_mapl-plnal
changing l_arbpl.
if itab_xcel-verid = l_arbpl.
v_plnnr = lt_mapl-plnnr.
v_plnal = lt_mapl-plnal.
exit.
endif.
endloop.
endif.
else.
do nothing
endif.
For version IDs that are other then '0000' or 'ZWIP' :--
if itab_xcel-verid NE '0000' and
itab_xcel-verid NE 'ZWIP'.
if routing group# or group counter was not determined, make the
valid-to date 99/99/9999 so that the BDC, on execution, errors out.
if v_plnnr is initial or
v_plnal is initial.
itab_xcel-bdatu = '99/99/9999'.
endif.
endif.
determine the routing group#
CLEAR lt_pp04_cache.
chk if its in the cache first, if not then get it from MAPL table
and put it in the cache
READ TABLE lt_pp04_cache WITH KEY matnr = pi_matnr
werks = pi_werks
alnag = pi_alnag.
IF sy-subrc = 0.
do nothing - lt_pp04_cache header line has rtg#
ELSE.
get the routing group # from MAPL
put it in the cache internal table
IF NOT l_mapl_plnnr IS INITIAL.
lt_pp04_cache-matnr = pi_matnr.
lt_pp04_cache-werks = pi_werks.
lt_pp04_cache-alnag = pi_alnag.
lt_pp04_cache-plnnr = l_mapl_plnnr.
APPEND lt_pp04_cache.
ENDIF.
ENDIF.
if the rtg# was determined AND
the work center was not determined yet AND
work center was really needed for this line in the input file
then
read the work center from last PP04 operation on the routing
update the cache accordingly
IF NOT lt_pp04_cache-plnnr IS INITIAL AND
lt_pp04_cache-arbpl IS INITIAL AND
( pi_verid IS INITIAL OR
pi_mdv01 IS INITIAL ).
read the last PP04 operation
CLEAR lt_plpo.
REFRESH lt_plpo.
SELECT vornr eobjty eobjid e~arbpl
INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE lt_plpo
FROM plas AS b
INNER JOIN plpo AS c
ON bplnty = cplnty AND
bplnnr = cplnnr AND
bzaehl = czaehl
INNER JOIN crhd AS e
ON carbid = eobjid
WHERE b~plnty = v_plnty AND
b~plnnr = lt_pp04_cache-plnnr AND
b~plnal = lt_pp04_cache-alnag AND
c~loekz = space AND
c~steus = v_plpo_steus AND
e~objty = v_objty AND
e~werks = lt_pp04_cache-werks AND
e~verwe = v_verwe.
SORT lt_plpo BY vornr DESCENDING.
READ TABLE lt_plpo INDEX 1.
IF NOT lt_plpo-arbpl IS INITIAL.
lt_pp04_cache-arbpl = lt_plpo-arbpl.
read work center description
SELECT SINGLE ktext INTO lt_pp04_cache-ktext
FROM crtx WHERE objty = lt_plpo-objty AND
objid = lt_plpo-objid AND
spras = sy-langu.
the following read will get the index of the correct record to be
updated in the cache
READ TABLE lt_pp04_cache
WITH KEY matnr = pi_matnr
werks = pi_werks
alnag = pi_alnag.
MODIFY lt_pp04_cache
INDEX sy-tabix
TRANSPORTING arbpl ktext.
ENDIF.
ENDIF.
endform. " read_last_pp04_operation_cache
*& Form read_wc_on_last_pp04
form read_wc_on_last_pp04 using pi_plnnr
pi_plnal
changing pe_arbpl.
data: begin of lt_plpo occurs 0,
vornr like plpo-vornr,
objty like crhd-objty,
objid like crhd-objid,
arbpl like crhd-arbpl,
end of lt_plpo.
get all the PP04 operations for the given rtg# & grp-ctr#
select vornr eobjty eobjid e~arbpl
into corresponding fields of table lt_plpo
from plas as b
inner join plpo as c
on bplnty = cplnty and
bplnnr = cplnnr and
bzaehl = czaehl
inner join crhd as e
on carbid = eobjid
where b~plnty = v_plnty and "Rate Routing
b~plnnr = pi_plnnr and
b~plnal = pi_plnal and
c~loekz = space and "Oper Del Flag = OFF
c~steus = v_plpo_steus and "PP04
e~objty = v_objty. "WC Obj Type = 'A'
read the last operation
sort lt_plpo by vornr descending.
read table lt_plpo index 1.
pe_arbpl = lt_plpo-arbpl.
endform. " read_wc_on_last_pp04
Goto LSMW-> Select Direct Input method in 1st step. These are the standard programs for data transfer.
Otherwise goto SPRO->SAP Reference IMG-> Under this you'll find standard data transfer programs module wise.
Regards,
Sunil Kumar Mutyala -
Regarding call transaction and session method???
HI All,
Cud u pls let me know
1. differences between call transaction and session???
2. Is it possible to schedule call transaction in background?? ( all are saying MODE N = background scheduling in call transaction.......but i dont think so)
3. Is it posible to handle multiple transactions in call transaction ? if so,how?
4. Is it posible to handle multiple transactions in session ? if so,how?
5. How can we see the log in session method????Hi ,
Check this documentation.
About Session method
In this method you transfer data from internal table to database table through sessions.
In this method, an ABAP/4 program reads the external data that is to be entered in the SAP System and stores the data in session. A session stores the actions that are required to enter your data using normal SAP transaction i.e., Data is transferred to session which in turn transfers data to database table.
Session is intermediate step between internal table and database table. Data along with its action is stored in session i.e., data for screen fields, to which screen it is passed, the program name behind it, and how the next screen is processed.
When the program has finished generating the session, you can run the session to execute the SAP transactions in it. You can either explicitly start and monitor a session or have the session run in the background processing system.
Unless session is processed, the data is not transferred to database table.
BDC_OPEN_GROUP
You create the session through program by BDC_OPEN_GROUP function.
Parameters to this function are:
User Name: User name
Group: Name of the session
Lock Date: The date on which you want to process the session.
Keep: This parameter is passed as X when you want to retain session after
processing it or to delete it after processing.
BDC_INSERT
This function creates the session & data is transferred to Session.
Parameters to this function are:
Tcode: Transaction Name
Dynprotab: BDC Data
BDC_CLOSE_GROUP
This function closes the BDC Group. No Parameters.
Some additional information for session processing
When the session is generated using the KEEP option within the BDC_OPEN_GROUP, the system always keeps the sessions in the queue, whether it has been processed successfully or not.
However, if the session is processed, you have to delete it manually. When session processing is completed successfully while KEEP option was not set, it will be removed automatically from the session queue. Log is not removed for that session.
If the batch-input session is terminated with errors, then it appears in the list of INCORRECT session and it can be processed again. To correct incorrect session, you can analyze the session. The Analysis function allows to determine which screen and value has produced the error. If you find small errors in data, you can correct them interactively, otherwise you need to modify batch input program, which has generated the session or many times even the data file.
CALL TRANSACTION
About CALL TRANSACTION
A technique similar to SESSION method, while batch input is a two-step procedure, Call Transaction does both steps online, one after the other. In this method, you call a transaction from your program by
Call transaction <tcode> using <BDCTAB>
Mode <A/N/E>
Update <S/A>
Messages into <MSGTAB>.
Parameter 1 is transaction code.
Parameter 2 is name of BDCTAB table.
Parameter 3 here you are specifying mode in which you execute transaction
A is all screen mode. All the screen of transaction are displayed.
N is no screen mode. No screen is displayed when you execute the transaction.
E is error screen. Only those screens are displayed wherein you have error record.
Parameter 4 here you are specifying update type by which database table is updated.
S is for Synchronous update in which if you change data of one table then all the related Tables gets updated. And sy-subrc is returned i.e., sy-subrc is returned for once and all.
A is for Asynchronous update. When you change data of one table, the sy-subrc is returned. And then updating of other affected tables takes place. So if system fails to update other tables, still sy-subrc returned is 0 (i.e., when first table gets updated).
Parameter 5 when you update database table, operation is either successful or unsuccessful or operation is successful with some warning. These messages are stored in internal table, which you specify along with MESSAGE statement. This internal table should be declared like BDCMSGCOLL, a structure available in ABAP/4. It contains the following fields:
1. Tcode: Transaction code
2. Dyname: Batch point module name
3. Dynumb: Batch input Dyn number
4. Msgtyp: Batch input message type (A/E/W/I/S)
5. Msgspra: Batch input Lang, id of message
6. Msgid: Message id
7. MsgvN: Message variables (N = 1 - 4)
For each entry, which is updated in database, table message is available in BDCMSGCOLL. As BDCMSGCOLL is structure, you need to declare a internal table which can contain multiple records (unlike structure).
Steps for CALL TRANSACTION method
1. Internal table for the data (structure similar to your local file)
2. BDCTAB like BDCDATA
3. UPLOAD or WS_UPLOAD function to upload the data from local file to itab. (Considering file is local file)
4. Loop at itab.
Populate BDCTAB table.
Call transaction <tcode> using <BDCTAB>
Mode <A/N/E>
Update <S/A>.
Refresh BDCTAB.
Endloop.
(To populate BDCTAB, You need to transfer each and every field)
The major differences between Session method and Call transaction are as follows:
SESSION METHOD CALL TRANSACTION
1. Data is not updated in database table unless Session is processed. Immediate updation in database table.
2. No sy-subrc is returned. Sy-subrc is returned.
3. Error log is created for error records. Errors need to be handled explicitly
4. Updation in database table is always synchronous Updation in database table can be synchronous Or Asynchronous.
Error Handling in CALL TRANSACTION
When Session Method updates the records in database table, error records are stored in the log file. In Call transaction there is no such log file available and error record is lost unless handled. Usually you need to give report of all the error records i.e., records which are not inserted or updated in the database table. This can be done by the following method:
Steps for the error handling in CALL TRANSACTION
1. Internal table for the data (structure similar to your local file)
2. BDCTAB like BDCDATA
3. Internal table BDCMSG like BDCMSGCOLL
4. Internal table similar to Ist internal table
(Third and fourth steps are for error handling)
5. UPLOAD or WS_UPLOAD function to upload the data from the local file to itab. (Considering file is local file)
6. Loop at itab.
Populate BDCTAB table.
Call transaction <tr.code> using <Bdctab>
Mode <A/N/E>
Update <S/A>
Messages <BDCMSG>.
Perform check.
Refresh BDCTAB.
Endloop.
7 Form check.
IF sy-subrc <> 0. (Call transaction returns the sy-subrc if updating is not successful).
Call function Format_message.
(This function is called to store the message given by system and to display it along with record)
Append itab2.
Display the record and message.
Check this program for session method using multiple transactions.
Have one BDC_OPEN_GROUP, multiple BDC_INSERT s and one BDC_CLOSE_GROUP.
You should have multiple BDC_INSERT s for multiple transactions.
call function BDC_OPENGROUP.
Build BDC data and cal lBDC_INSERT for transaction 1
Build BDC data and cal lBDC_INSERT for transaction 2
Build BDC data and cal lBDC_INSERT for transaction 3
call function BDC_CLOSE_GROUP.
Check out this sample program
REPORT ztest_report
NO STANDARD PAGE HEADING
LINE-SIZE 255
MESSAGE-ID ZRASH.
Internal Table Declarations *
*--Internal Table for Data Uploading.
DATA : BEGIN OF IT_FFCUST OCCURS 0,
KUNNR(10),
BUKRS(4),
KTOKD(4),
ANRED(15),
NAME1(35),
SORTL(10),
STRAS(35),
ORT01(35),
PSTLZ(10),
LAND1(3),
SPRAS(2),
AKONT(10),
END OF IT_FFCUST.
*--Internal Table to Store Error Records.
DATA : BEGIN OF IT_ERRCUST OCCURS 0,
KUNNR(10),
EMSG(255),
END OF IT_ERRCUST.
*--Internal Table to Store Successful Records.
DATA : BEGIN OF IT_SUCCUST OCCURS 0,
KUNNR(10),
SMSG(255),
END OF IT_SUCCUST.
*--Internal Table for Storing the BDC data.
DATA : IT_CUSTBDC LIKE BDCDATA OCCURS 0 WITH HEADER LINE.
*--Internal Table for storing the messages.
DATA : IT_CUSTMSG LIKE BDCMSGCOLL OCCURS 0 WITH HEADER LINE.
DATA : V_FLAG1(1) VALUE ' ',
"Flag used for opening session.
V_TLINES LIKE SY-TABIX,
"For storing total records processed.
V_ELINES LIKE SY-TABIX,
"For storing the no of error records.
V_SLINES LIKE SY-TABIX.
"For storing the no of success records.
Selection screen *
SELECTION-SCREEN BEGIN OF BLOCK B1.
PARAMETERS : V_FNAME LIKE RLGRAP-FILENAME,
V_SESNAM LIKE RLGRAP-FILENAME.
SELECTION-SCREEN END OF BLOCK B1.
Start-of-selection *
START-OF-SELECTION.
*-- Form to upload flatfile data into the internal table.
PERFORM FORM_UPLOADFF.
TOP-OF-PAGE *
TOP-OF-PAGE.
WRITE:/ 'Details of the error and success records for the transaction'
ULINE.
SKIP.
End of Selection *
END-OF-SELECTION.
*-- Form to Generate a BDC from the Uploaded Internal table
PERFORM FORM_BDCGENERATE.
*--To write the totals and the session name.
PERFORM FORM_WRITEOP.
*& Form form_uploadff
Form to upload flatfile data into the internal table.
FORM FORM_UPLOADFF .
*--Variable to change the type of the parameter file name.
DATA : LV_FILE TYPE STRING.
LV_FILE = V_FNAME.
*--Function to upload the flat file to the internal table.
CALL FUNCTION 'GUI_UPLOAD'
EXPORTING
FILENAME = LV_FILE
FILETYPE = 'ASC'
HAS_FIELD_SEPARATOR = 'X'
HEADER_LENGTH = 0
READ_BY_LINE = 'X'
DAT_MODE = ' '
IMPORTING
FILELENGTH =
HEADER =
TABLES
DATA_TAB = IT_FFCUST
EXCEPTIONS
FILE_OPEN_ERROR = 1
FILE_READ_ERROR = 2
NO_BATCH = 3
GUI_REFUSE_FILETRANSFER = 4
INVALID_TYPE = 5
NO_AUTHORITY = 6
UNKNOWN_ERROR = 7
BAD_DATA_FORMAT = 8
HEADER_NOT_ALLOWED = 9
SEPARATOR_NOT_ALLOWED = 10
HEADER_TOO_LONG = 11
UNKNOWN_DP_ERROR = 12
ACCESS_DENIED = 13
DP_OUT_OF_MEMORY = 14
DISK_FULL = 15
DP_TIMEOUT = 16
OTHERS = 17
IF SY-SUBRC = 0.
*--Deleting the headings from the internal table.
DELETE IT_FFCUST INDEX 1.
*--Getting the total number of records uploaded.
DESCRIBE TABLE IT_FFCUST LINES V_TLINES.
ENDIF.
ENDFORM. " form_uploadff
*& Form Form_bdcgenerate
Form to Generate a BDC from the Uploaded Internal table
FORM FORM_BDCGENERATE .
*--Generating the BDC table for the fields of the internal table.
LOOP AT IT_FFCUST.
PERFORM POPULATEBDC USING :
'X' 'SAPMF02D' '0105',
' ' 'BDC_OKCODE' '/00' ,
' ' 'RF02D-KUNNR' IT_FFCUST-KUNNR,
' ' 'RF02D-BUKRS' IT_FFCUST-BUKRS,
' ' 'RF02D-KTOKD' IT_FFCUST-KTOKD,
'X' 'SAPMF02D' '0110' ,
' ' 'BDC_OKCODE' '/00',
' ' 'KNA1-ANRED' IT_FFCUST-ANRED,
' ' 'KNA1-NAME1' IT_FFCUST-NAME1,
' ' 'KNA1-SORTL' IT_FFCUST-SORTL,
' ' 'KNA1-STRAS' IT_FFCUST-STRAS,
' ' 'KNA1-ORT01' IT_FFCUST-ORT01,
' ' 'KNA1-PSTLZ' IT_FFCUST-PSTLZ,
' ' 'KNA1-LAND1' IT_FFCUST-LAND1,
' ' 'KNA1-SPRAS' IT_FFCUST-SPRAS,
'X' 'SAPMFO2D' '0120',
' ' 'BDC_OKCODE' '/00',
'X' 'SAPMF02D' '0125',
' ' 'BDC_OKCODE' '/00',
'X' 'SAPMF02D' '0130',
' ' 'BDC_OKCODE' '=ENTR',
'X' 'SAPMF02D' '0340',
' ' 'BDC_OKCODE' '=ENTR',
'X' 'SAPMF02D' '0360',
' ' 'BDC_OKCODE' '=ENTR',
'X' 'SAPMF02D' '0210',
' ' 'KNB1-AKONT' IT_FFCUST-AKONT,
' ' 'BDC_OKCODE' '/00',
'X' 'SAPMF02D' '0215',
' ' 'BDC_OKCODE' '/00',
'X' 'SAPMF02D' '0220',
' ' 'BDC_OKCODE' '/00',
'X' 'SAPMF02D' '0230',
' ' 'BDC_OKCODE' '=UPDA'.
*--Calling the transaction 'fd01'.
CALL TRANSACTION 'FD01' USING IT_CUSTBDC MODE 'N' UPDATE 'S'
MESSAGES INTO IT_CUSTMSG.
IF SY-SUBRC <> 0.
*--Populating the error records internal table.
IT_ERRCUST-KUNNR = IT_FFCUST-KUNNR.
APPEND IT_ERRCUST.
CLEAR IT_ERRCUST.
*--Opening a session if there is an error record.
IF V_FLAG1 = ' '.
PERFORM FORM_OPENSESSION.
V_FLAG1 = 'X'.
ENDIF.
*--Inserting the error records into already open session.
IF V_FLAG1 = 'X'.
PERFORM FORM_INSERT.
ENDIF.
*--Populating the Success records internal table.
ELSE.
IT_SUCCUST-KUNNR = IT_FFCUST-KUNNR.
APPEND IT_SUCCUST.
CLEAR IT_SUCCUST.
ENDIF.
*--Displaying the messages.
IF NOT IT_CUSTMSG[] IS INITIAL.
PERFORM FORM_FORMATMSG.
ENDIF.
*--Clearing the message and bdc tables.
CLEAR : IT_CUSTBDC[],IT_CUSTMSG[].
ENDLOOP.
*--Getting the total no of error records.
DESCRIBE TABLE IT_ERRCUST LINES V_ELINES.
*--Getting the total no of successful records.
DESCRIBE TABLE IT_SUCCUST LINES V_SLINES.
*--Closing the session only if it is open.
IF V_FLAG1 = 'X'.
PERFORM FORM_CLOSESESS.
ENDIF.
ENDFORM. " Form_bdcgenerate
*& Form populatebdc
FOrm to Populate the BDC table.
FORM POPULATEBDC USING VALUE(P_0178)
VALUE(P_0179)
VALUE(P_0180).
IF P_0178 = 'X'.
IT_CUSTBDC-PROGRAM = P_0179.
IT_CUSTBDC-DYNPRO = P_0180.
IT_CUSTBDC-DYNBEGIN = 'X'.
ELSE.
IT_CUSTBDC-FNAM = P_0179.
IT_CUSTBDC-FVAL = P_0180.
ENDIF.
APPEND IT_CUSTBDC.
CLEAR IT_CUSTBDC.
ENDFORM. " populatebdc
*& Form FORM_OPENSESSION
Form to Open a session.
FORM FORM_OPENSESSION .
*--Variable to convert the given session name into reqd type.
DATA : LV_SESNAM(12).
LV_SESNAM = V_SESNAM.
*--Opening a session.
CALL FUNCTION 'BDC_OPEN_GROUP'
EXPORTING
CLIENT = SY-MANDT
GROUP = LV_SESNAM
HOLDDATE = '20040805'
KEEP = 'X'
USER = SY-UNAME
PROG = SY-CPROG
IMPORTING
QID =
EXCEPTIONS
CLIENT_INVALID = 1
DESTINATION_INVALID = 2
GROUP_INVALID = 3
GROUP_IS_LOCKED = 4
HOLDDATE_INVALID = 5
INTERNAL_ERROR = 6
QUEUE_ERROR = 7
RUNNING = 8
SYSTEM_LOCK_ERROR = 9
USER_INVALID = 10
OTHERS = 11
IF SY-SUBRC <> 0.
WRITE :/ 'Session not open'.
ENDIF.
ENDFORM. " FORM_OPENSESSION
*& Form FORM_INSERT
fORM TO INSERT ERROR RECOED INTO A SESSION.
FORM FORM_INSERT .
*--Inserting the record into session.
CALL FUNCTION 'BDC_INSERT'
EXPORTING
TCODE = 'FD01'
POST_LOCAL = NOVBLOCAL
PRINTING = NOPRINT
SIMUBATCH = ' '
CTUPARAMS = ' '
TABLES
DYNPROTAB = IT_CUSTBDC
EXCEPTIONS
INTERNAL_ERROR = 1
NOT_OPEN = 2
QUEUE_ERROR = 3
TCODE_INVALID = 4
PRINTING_INVALID = 5
POSTING_INVALID = 6
OTHERS = 7
IF SY-SUBRC <> 0.
WRITE :/ 'Unable to insert the record'.
ENDIF.
ENDFORM. " FORM_INSERT
*& Form FORM_CLOSESESS
Form to Close the Open Session.
FORM FORM_CLOSESESS .
CALL FUNCTION 'BDC_CLOSE_GROUP'
EXCEPTIONS
NOT_OPEN = 1
QUEUE_ERROR = 2
OTHERS = 3.
IF SY-SUBRC <> 0.
ENDIF.
ENDFORM. " FORM_CLOSESESS
*& Form FORM_FORMATMSG
Form to format messages.
FORM FORM_FORMATMSG .
*--Var to store the formatted msg.
DATA : LV_MSG(255).
CALL FUNCTION 'FORMAT_MESSAGE'
EXPORTING
ID = SY-MSGID
LANG = SY-LANGU
NO = SY-MSGNO
V1 = SY-MSGV1
V2 = SY-MSGV2
V3 = SY-MSGV3
V4 = SY-MSGV4
IMPORTING
MSG = LV_MSG
EXCEPTIONS
NOT_FOUND = 1
OTHERS = 2.
IF SY-SUBRC = 0.
WRITE :/ LV_MSG.
ENDIF.
ULINE.
ENDFORM. " FORM_FORMATMSG
*& Form form_writeop
To write the totals and the session name.
FORM FORM_WRITEOP .
WRITE :/ 'Total Records Uploaded :',V_TLINES,
/ 'No of Error Records :',V_ELINES,
/ 'No of Success Records :',V_SLINES,
/ 'Name of the Session :',V_SESNAM.
ULINE.
ENDFORM. " form_writeop
Hope this resolves your query.
Reward all the helpful answers.
Regards -
Should DML transaction be so slow?
we are running Oracle 10.2.0.1.0 on powerful enough Xeon machines (1-4 Xeons, 8-16GB RAM) and 64-bit Windows 2003. Applications is strictly data warehousing, which means no primary/foreign keys on fact tables, and no small transactions. Facts tables contain 10-20 million rows.
Now the problem. If I delete 1-2 million rows from 20 million rows table, it takes about an hour. Should it take so long? Updates and inserts are no so long - inserting 100K rows takes 1 minute. Is not it too slow? Maybe there are some settings we can adjust to optimize DB for data warehousing rather than for OLTP?<Should DML transaction be so slow? >
Probably not, but its hard to say. Deleting 2M rows in an hour sounds slow. You need to get execution plans on your deletes to see what is happening.
It sounds like you're deleting across partitions in the same statement. You could try deleting rows for each partition with individual statements to see if that's faster. -
Goldengate Extracts reads slow during Table Data Archiving and Index Rebuilding Operations.
We have configured OGG on a near-DR server. The extracts are configured to work in ALO Mode.
During the day, extracts work as expected and are in sync. But during any dialy maintenance task, the extracts starts lagging, and read the same archives very slow.
This usually happens during Table Data Archiving (DELETE from prod tables, INSERT into history tables) and during Index Rebuilding on those tables.
Points to be noted:
1) The Tables on which Archiving is done and whose Indexes are rebuilt are not captured by GoldenGate Extract.
2) The extracts are configured to capture DML opeartions. Only INSERT and UPDATE operations are captured, DELETES are ignored by the extracts. Also DDL extraction is not configured.
3) There is no connection to PROD or DR Database
4) System functions normally all the time, but just during table data archiving and index rebuild it starts lagging.
Q 1. As mentioned above, even though the tables are not a part of capture, the extracts lags ? What are the possible reasons for the lag ?
Q 2. I understand that Index Rebuild is a DDL operation, then too it induces a lag into the system. how ?
Q 3. We have been trying to find a way to overcome the lag, which ideally shouldn't have arised. Is there any extract parameter or some work around for this situation ?Hi Nick.W,
The amount of redo logs generated is huge. Approximately 200-250 GB in 45-60 minutes.
I agree that the extract has to parse the extra object-id's. During the day, there is a redo switch every 2-3 minutes. The source is a 3-Node RAC. So approximately, 80-90 archives generated in an hour.
The reason to mention this was, that while reading these archives also, the extract would be parsing extra Object ID's, as we are capturing data only for 3 tables. The effect of parsing extract object id's should have been seen during the day also. The reason being archive size is same, amount of data is same, the number of records to be scanned is same.
The extract slows down and read at half the speed. If normally it would take 45-50 secs to read an archive log of normal day functioning, then it would take approx 90-100 secs to read the archives of the mentioned activities.
Regarding the 3rd point,
a. The extract is a classic extract, the archived logs are on local file system. No ASM, NO SAN/NAS.
b. We have added "TRANLOGOPTIONS BUFSIZE" parameter in our extract. We'll update as soon as we see any kind of improvements. -
Conflict between Client object model and Item Updated Event Receiver in sharepoint 2010
Hello All,
As per my requirement I have a two custom list.
Agent Details
Port Name
Agent Details contains Agent code, Port Name, email, address and phone of Agent. Its possible that one Agent Code is connected with multiple Port Name.
Basically what I am doing is I am getting port name connected with Agent code, using jquery and bind those values with check box(using javascript created dynamically) and bind all with Div tag.
Now when my custom edit form of Agent list open up it shows me different port name binding with checkbox group.
when user select the check box and click confirm button my clicent object model script will run and add this selected value into Port Name list.
After confirm one more button named Save will enable asking user to edit the email, phone or address value and when I click on save my Item updated event fires which update the values of the selected port name(These port name I am getting from port
name list) to Agent Details custom list.
Now when I am trying to update the values my event receiver fires or some times it got stuck(not firing). So could you please help me the possible alternative for this requirements.
Can we user the Ecma Script(Client object model to preserve the value of selectec port) and Item updated event receiver on the same time?
Is anything am doing wrong then please guide me.Hi,
As I understand, when you updated values in the agent details list the Item updated event receiver got stuck sometimes.
The item update event receiver will fire after the item has been saved, and the client object model script or the Ecma Script runs before the item is saved, so there is no conflict between the client object model script and item update event receiver.
You could find out the reason about the item update event receiver gets stuck by debugging the event receiver.
When you want to debug your event receivers, you have to attach to OWSTIMER.EXE and wait till they are executed. You can control this behavior using the Synchronization attribute. Also, if you’re looking for an easy way to debug an event receiver without
having to manually attach a debugger to your code, you can use the System.Diagnostics.Debugger.Launch() method.
The articles below are about how to debug in the event receiver in SharePoint 2010.
http://sharepoint-kings.blogspot.jp/2013/02/debugging-event-receivers-in-sharepoint.html
http://chakkaradeep.com/index.php/event-receivers-in-sharepoint-2010/
http://sharesaint.com/?p=77
Best regards,
Sara Fan
TechNet Community Support
Please remember to mark the replies as answers if they help, and unmark the answers if they provide no help. If you have feedback for TechNet Support, contact
[email protected] -
Unable to run bapis for project status update and date update together
Hi Experts,
I have a requirement to update the dates and status of a project WBS at level 4. I am trying to do update the CJ02 Transaction using standard BAPI available. I need to do both Date update and status update in the same LOOP PASS i am using the below mention bapi. when i am doing so i am getting an error Project 'A._____' has been currently processed by ID i.e. my id.
I have tried putting a wait for 2 seconds in the code but its still not working. please find the order below in which i am calling the bapi.
Loop at itab.
if date_changed = 'X'.
CALL FUNCTION 'BAPI_PROJECT_MAINTAIN'
READ TABLE it_error WITH KEY message_type = c_e.
IF sy-subrc <> 0.
Commit
CALL FUNCTION 'BAPI_TRANSACTION_COMMIT'
EXPORTING
wait = c_x
IMPORTING
return = s_ret.
endif.
endif.
if Status_change = 'X'.
CALL FUNCTION 'BAPI_PS_INITIALIZATION' .
CALL FUNCTION 'BAPI_BUS2054_SET_STATUS'
READ TABLE t_result WITH KEY message_type = c_e.
IF sy-subrc NE 0.
CALL FUNCTION 'BAPI_PS_PRECOMMIT'
TABLES
et_return = t_ret.
CALL FUNCTION 'BAPI_TRANSACTION_COMMIT'
EXPORTING
wait = c_x
IMPORTING
return = s_ret.
ENDIF.
endif.
WAIT UP TO 4 SECONDS.
endloop.Try to use
SET UPDATE TASK LOCAL.
before each BAPI call.
Did you try to debug through your code, leaving sufficient time between BAPI calls? If it does work like that, then the above statement might help. -
DB02 view is empty on Table and Index analyses DB2 9.7 after system copy
Dear All,
I did the Quality refresh by System copy export/import method. ECC6 on HP-UX DB29.7.
After Import Runstats status n Db02 for Table and Index analysis was empty and all value showing '-1'. Eventhough
a) all standard backgrnd job scheduled in sm36
b) Automatic runstats are enabled in db2 parameters
c) Reorgchk all scheduled periodically from db13 and already ran twice.
4) 'reorgchk update statistics on table all' was also ran on db2 level.
but Run stats staus in db02 was not getting updated. Its empty.
Please suggest.
Regards
VinayHi Deepak,
Yes, that is possible (but only offline backup). But for the new features like reclaimable tablespace (to lower the high watermark)
it's better to export/import with systemcopy.
Also with systemcopy you can use index compression.
After backup and restore you can have also reclaimable tablespace, but you have to create new tablespaces
and then work with db6conv and online table move to move one tablespace online to the new one.
Best regards,
Joachim -
MDB Container Managed Transaction and Log4J
Hi,
I'm programming and MDB that reads and updates a database then sends out an HTTP Post and logs using log4j. I've read that when an MDB is configured as CMT or container managed transaction and the OnMessage method executes without errors, the transaction is implicitly commited. You can rollback the transaction by explicitly calling setRollbackOnly() or when a RuntimeException has been thrown. My worry is that after I have sent out an HTTP POST (a transaction has been completed) I would have to log a transaction completion using log4j. My problems is if log4j throws a RuntimeException thereby rolling back my transaction which shouldn't be the case. What I have done is to catch all Exceptions (and swallow them) whenever I log using log4j after I have sent out an HTTP POST succesfully (since my transaction should be complete by then). Is this a correct workaround?
Thanks :)Your approach is correct. If you think, Log4J might throw errors, swallow the exceptions and try not to roll back.
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