EAM ID based or Role based? Why settle for just one?

G'Day All,
I've raised a question in the following blog, however I would like to open it up to other people as well so they might get something out of it and in the process might share their own thoughts on the matter at hand.
ID-Based Firefighting vs. Role-Based Firefighting
So this is where I am at this point:
From what I can gather so far, my understanding of EAM ID/ROLE based is as follows:
- Id Based: Logs in using own U.ID and through GRAC_SPM accesess FFID from the GRC Server and logs into the system assigned to them (ECC, SRM, CRM etc)
Only one user at a time can use a FFID.
Firefighter need not exist in every system assigned to them due to central logon however they need to exist in the GRC system
Knows exactly when FFID is being used as he/she has to login so has a psychological effect (good thing)
Better tracking of FF tasks - Specific log reports with Reason Codes. Bonus point from Auditors!
Two Log ins so potential to commit fraud. (1 action using own UserID and 1 action using FFID)
Could be hard to track and find out when a fraud has been committed so can be a problem with auditors.
      ID Based -> GRAC_SPM : TCode for Centralised FFighting -> You will see FFIDs assigned to you
      ID Based -> /n/GRCPI/GRIA_EAM : TCode for DCentralised FFighting -> You can see the FFIDs assigned to you
- Role Based: Logs into the remote system only using U.ID, so everything gets logged against that one ID.
Multiple users can use the FFROLE at once.
Firefighter has to exist in every system assigned to them - so multiple logons.
Hard to differentiate between FF tasks and normal tasks as no login required So easy to slip up
Time consuming to track FF tasks - No Specific log reports. No Reason Codes
     R.Based -> GRAC_SPM : TCode for Centralised FFighting -> You will see FFROLEs
     R.Based -> /n/GRCPI/GRIA_EAM : TCode for DCentralised FFighting -> Not applicable so wont work
So based on this there are pros and cons in both however according to SAP only one can be used. To me personally, it makes more sense to get the best of both the worlds right? So here is my question why can’t we just use both?
    . Really critical tasks -> FFID
    . Normal EAM tasks -> FFRole
Alessandaro from the original post pointed this out:
"Per design it isn't possible to achieve both types of firefighting at the same time. It's a system limitation and hence to configurable."
Well this is what I can't seem to get my head around. For a FFID, there is a logon session so it has to be enabled and as far as I can tell there is no way around it.
However for FFRole, there isn't such limitations/restrictions like starting a separate session. FFRole is just assigned to an end user for him/her to perform those tasks using their own user ID.
So in what way is it different from any of their other tasks/roles, other than the fact that they've got an Owner/Controller assigned to the FFRole? and
What is stopping us from using it when ID based is the default?
If I were to do the following does it mean I can use both ?
    . Config Parameter: 4000 = 1 (GRC System) -> ID Based
    . Config Parameter: 4000 = 2 (Plug-In) - > Role Based
Please excuse me if my logic is a bit silly, Role Based firefighting is only done on Plug-in systems so the following should work just fine:
   . Config Parameter: 4000 = 2 (Plug-In) - > Role Based
However for ID based, it is a Central Logon, so the following is a must:
    . Config Parameter: 4000 = 1 (GRC System) -> ID Based
Which means both ID/Role based can be used at the same time, which seems to be working just fine on my system. Either way I leave it you experts and I hope you will shed some light on it.
Cheers
Leo..

Gretchen,
Thank you for thoughts on this.
Looks like I'm failing to articulate my thoughts properly as the conversation seems to be going in a different direction from what I am after. I'll try once more!
My query/issue is not in regards to if/what SAP needs to do about this or why there isn't more support from Companies/Organizations and not even, which one is a better option.
My query is what is stopping us(as in the end users ) from using both ID/Role based at the same time?
Now before people start referencing SAP documentation and about parameter 4000, humour me with the following scenario please. Again I would like to reiterate that I am still in the learning phase so my logic might be all wrong/misguided, so please do point out to me where I am going wrong in my thought process as I sincerely would like to know why I am the odd one out in regards to this.
Scenario
I've created the following:
FFID
FFROLE
Assigned them to, two end users
John Doe
Jane Doe
I set the Configuration Parameters as follows:
IMG-> GRC-> AC-> Maintain Configuration Settings -> 4000:1 - ID Based
IMG-> GRC (Plug-in)-> AC-> Maintain Plug-In Configuration Settings-> 4000:2 - Role Based
User1
John Doe logs into his regular backend system (ECCPROD001)-> executes GRAC_SPM-> Enters the GRC system (GRCPROD001)-> Because the parameter is set to ID based in the GRC Box, so he will be able to see the FFID assigned to him-> and will be presented with the logon screen-> Logs in -> Enters the assigned system (lets say CRMPROD001) At this point the firefighting session is under progress
User2
Jane Doe logs into her regular backend system (ECCPROD001) -> (can execute GRAC_SPM to check which FF Role has been assigned to her but she can see that in her regular menu, so there is no point) -> Executes the transactions assigned in FFROLEThis is done at the same time while FFID session is in progress
So all I want to know is if this scenario is possible? if the answer is No, then why not?
I physically carried out this scenario in my system and I had no problems(unless I am really missing the plot here), which brings me back to my original question: Why settle for just one?
Again to reiterate I am not getting into the efficacy or merits of this or even if one should use this. Just want to know if it is possible/feasible or not.
So there you have it. That's the whole enchilada(as they say there in Texas). I tried to word my thoughts as concisely as I can, if there are still any clarifications, more information you or anyone else reading this would like, please do let me know.
Regards,
Leo..

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Hello Folks,
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The general practice is to go with Firefighter ID but I want to know a situation when Firefighter Role based strategy can be an advantage over the other.
In the user guide it is not mentioned when and why Role based Firefighter should be used.
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Why does the 'enable view' try to pick a method list when you have to supply the enable secret to access the root view?
Can you change this behaviour to always use the enable secret?
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If you're logged on to the router via telnet or SSH, the solution or workaround to this issue is:
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line vty 0 4
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hi,
You have the following configured:
aaa authentication login mgmt group my_radius local
aaa authorization exec mgmt group my_radius local
line con 0
authorization exec mgmt
logging synchronous
login authentication mgmt
line vty 0 4
authorization exec mgmt
logging synchronous
login authentication mgmt
transport input ssh
Hence every time you try to login to the console or try the ssh the authentication will head to the radius server because of the following command "login authentication mgmt".
You cannot make it locally. Whatever defined on the method list mgmt first will be taking the precedence.
enable seceret will be locally defined. but you have the following configured:
aaa authorization exec mgmt group my_radius local
line con 0
authorization exec mgmt
line vty 0 4
authorization exec mgmt
Hence exec mode will also be done via radius server.
when you configure:
aaa authentication login VIEW_CONFG local
line vty 0 4
login authentication VIEW_CONFG
You are making the authentication local, hence it is working the way you want.
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Regards,
Anisha
P.S.: please mark this thread as answered if you feel your query is resolved. Do rate helpful posts.

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I am in the process of implementing "role based" FF (ID based approach not implemented as users are not comfortable to login to GRC system to execute the tcodes). I have a query about it.
If we maintain the role based FF logins, and we run risk report, still all the conflicts are found associated with that FF ids as they have the conflicting role assigned to them in SU01. So is it ok, to live with these conflict found related to FF ids. what will be the case during audit, will they accept these risks occuring for the FF can be ignored.

Hello,
I think the best approach is to mitigate the risk as Alexander describes here:
Why Role based Firefighter
Cheers,
Diego.

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I have tried deleting the iMKS file and importing the certificate manually as detailed here:
https://www.novell.com/documentation...a/bx8g5g8.html
There are plenty of other pages showing the same method of resolving this issue but none have worked.
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Thanks.

Hi,
A while back we had to re-create our Organisational CA and server certificates. (Don't ask why...) Everything seemed to go well except for one issue I've been having since.
We have OES2 SP3 (eDir 8.8 SP6) running on SLES 10 SP3.
iManager version is 2.7.4
Identity Manager Version is 3.6.1
When I try to edit a role based entitlement I get the error:
"Unable to obtain an LDAP context. Possible causes: the LDAP server is not running, or the LDAP server is for a tree other than the one iManager was originally set up for, and SSL has not been set up between the iManager server and the LDAP server. Either start the LDAP server, or set up SSL by importing a trusted certificate. "
I have tried deleting the iMKS file and importing the certificate manually as detailed here:
https://www.novell.com/documentation...a/bx8g5g8.html
There are plenty of other pages showing the same method of resolving this issue but none have worked.
Any ideas?
Thanks.

IManager & Role Based Entitlements

I'm re-posting this here as I didn't get any response from the original post linked below:
https://forums.novell.com/showthread...-Entitilements
Hi,
A while back we had to re-create our Organisational CA and server certificates. (Don't ask why...) Everything seemed to go well except for one issue I've been having since.
We have OES2 SP3 (eDir 8.8 SP6) running on SLES 10 SP3.
iManager version is 2.7.4
Identity Manager Version is 3.6.1
When I try to edit a role based entitlement I get the error:
"Unable to obtain an LDAP context. Possible causes: the LDAP server is not running, or the LDAP server is for a tree other than the one iManager was originally set up for, and SSL has not been set up between the iManager server and the LDAP server. Either start the LDAP server, or set up SSL by importing a trusted certificate. "
I have tried deleting the iMKS file and importing the certificate manually as detailed here:
https://www.novell.com/documentation...a/bx8g5g8.html
There are plenty of other pages showing the same method of resolving this issue but none have worked.
Any ideas?
Thanks.

For some reason I cannot find your old post via NNTP, though I see it on
the web interface. Perhaps the gateway had a problem, which would have
limited your responses. Either way, for future reference, you may want to
post questions on the RBE features in the iManager or IDM forums, both
located on https://forums.netiq.com/ (same looking page, same account,
just focused on the NetIQ products, including those moved over from
Novell). Also, for iManager problems, same thing: try the iManager forum
specifically on the NetIQ site. Considering you've been with Novell for a
while, it's definitely understandable that you'd look here for those
forums, though, as they used to be on this site.
The vast majority of iManager functions use NCP exclusively; adding users,
modifying them, associating with groups, setting up file services
(CIFS/SMB/AFP/NSS), managing most of IDM, configuring LDAP services
provided by eDirectory, etc.. eDirectory, after all, is NCP-based and
LDAP is an interface added to it to do things that work better via LDAP.
Thus, most things work just fine no matter what you do via LDAP.
In your case you are describing one of the few services where iManager
actually needs to work with eDirectory via LDAP. Other examples including
working with Universal Password (UP) under the Passwords role. In these
cases iManager uses eDirectory to find appropriate LDAP services and then
connects to those as well for specific operations. As a result, we look
at LDAP as it sounds like you have already done. TID# 7008836 seems to
have very similar instructions to the documentation link you posted, but
you may find it useful in some way.
You mentioned recreating your CA and server certificates (Key Material
Objects, or KMOs). Doing this SHOULD have made it so all certificates you
created (presumably after the CA change) would be minted by the new CA, so
if you browse to those certificates you should see them with a Trusted
Root of the new CA, which should have (by default) an expiration ten years
from its creation (individual KMOs expire by default two years after
creation). With this verified, your LDAP Server object (for which there
is usually one per NCP/eDirectory server) will also have a link to one
KMO. If you did not delete old certificates, it is very possible that the
LDAP Server is still pointed to an old KMO and using it happily even
though the rest of the tree is using new data, and the old KMO may be
expired causing issues with clients (like iManager). Be sure to check
that. If pointed to an old KMO, point it to a new one and then restart
eDirectory (or maybe just the LDAP module).
Other things you may try include setting up iManager Workstation 2.7 SP7;
it runs on your workstation and then otherwise acts like the server in
most areas. Getting old IDM 3.6.1 plugins on there may be the hardest
part, but really should not be that hard if you have the IDM media
somewhere. With this you can test pointing to your enviornment to see if
anything works there, ruling in/out a weird iManager problem.
Also, is it safe to assume that eDirectory 8.8 SP6 is the latest version
in your tree? If 8.8 SP8 exists there is a change in LDAP configuration
data, specifically the ldapInterfaces attribute on the LDAP Server object,
which can cause LDAP-using plugins to have a hard time finding 8.8 SP8
servers specifically.
Lastly, especially if you have iManager Workstation or if you have
iManager on a non-eDirectory box, getting a LAN trace could help us see
exactly what iManager is doing on the wire, and then isolate better why it
is failing.
Good luck.
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RBAC (Roles Based Access Control) "Broken" in WCS

In my opinion, RBAC in WCS is broken. They have taken a good concept and implemented it wrong. The way it is currently working is as follows. Roles are defined in WCS. In ACS (or whatever Radius server you want to use), you have to first set up a new "Service" in the TACACS "Interface" configuration called "Wireless-WCS". All this is good. In WCS you then have to go to the "role" or Group that you want, click on task list and it will give you both a TACACs and Radius output that you have to take and then paste into the "Wireless-WCS" custom attribute box in ACS. An example for "SuperUser" role would be a list like below, note the real list is 48 different "tasks", I shortened it here.
role0=SuperUsers
task0=Users and Groups
task46=Auto Provisioning
task47=Voice Audit Report
Here is the problem. Why, if you have the role defined in WCS, do you have to repeat its definition in ACS? Why can't you simply pass the first line ("role0=SuperUsers") and have it use the defined role in WCS? This just seems silly. They changed the role of the "SuperUser" in the new 5.0 code too, which means if you assigned these at the user level, you would have to potentially go update a ton of User accounts in ACS so people would have access to their appropriate roles.
The last time I complained I was told that the reason for it was "The reason it had to be done that way is b/c WCS is not IOS based and the code dictates that it must be done that way.". Seems like a silly reason for not doing things in a good way...
Just letting everyone know so they can complain when they come across it. Maybe with enough complaints they'll fix it.. 8-)

Hi,
I believe all your questions are answered in "System Administrator's Guide - Security" manual.
Applications Releases 11i and 12
http://www.oracle.com/technology/documentation/applications.html
You may also review this document.
Note: 753979.1 - E-Business Suite Diagnostics RBAC Basics
https://metalink2.oracle.com/metalink/plsql/ml2_documents.showDocument?p_database_id=NOT&p_id=753979.1
Regards,
Hussein

EAM ID based or Role based? Why settle for just one?

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