Erratic sound playback using Clip (javax.sound.samled)

Hi,
I have recently delved into writing an application with sound using Scala. Sound does play but seems rather unreliable across systems. For instance, only the long sounds are audible on my Ubuntu 9.04 system (OpenJDK 6b14-1.4.1-0ubuntu11). Interestingly on my windows PC running Vista Home with Sun JRE (build 6.1.0_15-b3) only the short sounds are audible and the longer sounds are cut off.
Before reporting bugs at OpenJDK and Sun respectively I would like to know if there is anything that I need to pay extra attention to. My programs "play" method is as follows:
Tuple2 sound = audioResources(name)
Clip clip = AudioSystem.getLine(sound.getInfo()).asInstanceOf[Clip]
AudioInputStream stream = AudioSystem.getAudioInputStream(new ByteArrayInputStream(sound sound.getByteArray()))
clip.open(stream)
clip.start()Have adapted my code from Scala to Java somewhat. I am assuming that clip.start() works asynchronously. Hope can give me some pointers on how to get this to work correctly.
Best,
Dirk Louwers

Well, that's kind of a weird way of doing that... I would have done...
Clip c = AudioSystem.getClip();
AudioInputStream stream = AudioSystem.getAudioInputStream(new ByteArrayInputStream(sound sound.getByteArray()));
clip.open(stream);
clip.start();Anyway, clip.start() does work asyncronously, so you'll want to make sure your program isn't terminating before the clip has time to play.

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Beeper - loopable sound using Clip.

// <applet code='Beeper' width='300' height='300'></applet>
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.*;
import javax.swing.*;
import javax.swing.event.*;
import javax.swing.border.*;
import java.text.DecimalFormat;
import javax.sound.sampled.*;
import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
/** Beeper presents a small, loopable tone that can be heard
by clicking on the Code Key. It uses a Clip to loop the sound,
as well as for access to the Clip's gain control.
@author Andrew Thompson
@version 2009-12-19
@license LGPL */
public class Beeper extends JApplet {
public void init() {
getContentPane().add(new BeeperPanel());
validate();
public static void main(String[] args) {
SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
   public void run() {
    JFrame f = new JFrame("Beeper");
    f.setDefaultCloseOperation( JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE );
    BeeperPanel BeeperPanel = new BeeperPanel();
    f.setContentPane(BeeperPanel);
    f.pack();
    f.setMinimumSize( new Dimension(300,300) );
    f.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
    f.setVisible(true);
/** The main UI of Beeper. */
class BeeperPanel extends JPanel {
JComboBox sampleRate;
JSlider framesPerWavelength;
JLabel frequency;
JCheckBox harmonic;
Clip clip;
DecimalFormat decimalFormat = new DecimalFormat("###00.00");
BeeperPanel() {
super(new BorderLayout());
JPanel options = new JPanel();
BoxLayout bl = new BoxLayout(options,BoxLayout.Y_AXIS);
options.setLayout(bl);
Integer[] rates = {
   new Integer(8000),
   new Integer(11025),
   new Integer(16000),
   new Integer(22050)
sampleRate = new JComboBox(rates);
sampleRate.setToolTipText("Samples per second");
sampleRate.setSelectedIndex(1);
JPanel pSampleRate = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
pSampleRate.setBorder(new TitledBorder("Sample Rate"));
pSampleRate.add( sampleRate );
sampleRate.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
   public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent ae) {
    setUpSound();
options.add( pSampleRate );
framesPerWavelength = new JSlider(JSlider.HORIZONTAL,10,200,25);
framesPerWavelength.setPaintTicks(true);
framesPerWavelength.setMajorTickSpacing(10);
framesPerWavelength.setMinorTickSpacing(5);
framesPerWavelength.setToolTipText("Frames per Wavelength");
framesPerWavelength.addChangeListener( new ChangeListener(){
   public void stateChanged(ChangeEvent ce) {
    setUpSound();
JPanel pFPW = new JPanel( new BorderLayout() );
pFPW.setBorder(new TitledBorder("Frames per Wavelength"));
pFPW.add( framesPerWavelength );
options.add( pFPW );
JPanel bottomOption = new JPanel( new BorderLayout(4,4) );
harmonic = new JCheckBox("Add Harmonic", false);
harmonic.setToolTipText(
   "Add harmonic to second channel, one octave up");
harmonic.addActionListener( new ActionListener(){
   public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent ae) {
    setUpSound();
bottomOption.add( harmonic, BorderLayout.WEST );
frequency = new JLabel();
bottomOption.add( frequency, BorderLayout.CENTER );
options.add(bottomOption);
add( options, BorderLayout.NORTH );
JPanel play = new JPanel(new BorderLayout(3,3));
play.setBorder( new EmptyBorder(4,4,4,4) );
JButton bPlay = new JButton("Code Key");
bPlay.setToolTipText("Click to make tone!");
Dimension preferredSize = bPlay.getPreferredSize();
bPlay.setPreferredSize( new Dimension(
   (int)preferredSize.getWidth(),
   (int)preferredSize.getHeight()*3) );
// TODO comment out to try KeyListener!
bPlay.setFocusable(false);
bPlay.addMouseListener( new MouseAdapter() {
    @Override
    public void mousePressed(MouseEvent me) {
     loopSound(true);
    @Override
    public void mouseReleased(MouseEvent me) {
     loopSound(false);
play.add( bPlay );
try {
   clip = AudioSystem.getClip();
   final FloatControl control = (FloatControl)
    clip.getControl( FloatControl.Type.MASTER_GAIN );
   final JSlider volume = new JSlider(
    JSlider.VERTICAL,
    (int)control.getMinimum(),
    (int)control.getMaximum(),
    (int)control.getValue()
   volume.setToolTipText("Volume of beep");
   volume.addChangeListener( new ChangeListener(){
    public void stateChanged(ChangeEvent ce) {
     control.setValue( volume.getValue() );
   play.add( volume, BorderLayout.EAST );
} catch(Exception e) {
   e.printStackTrace();
add(play, BorderLayout.CENTER);
setUpSound();
/** Sets label to current frequency settings. */
public void setFrequencyLabel() {
float freq = getFrequency();
if (harmonic.isSelected()) {
   frequency.setText(
    decimalFormat.format(freq) +
    "(/" +
    decimalFormat.format(freq*2f) +
    ") Hz" );
} else {
   frequency.setText( decimalFormat.format(freq) + " Hz" );
/** Generate the tone and inform the user of settings. */
public void setUpSound() {
try {
   generateTone();
   setFrequencyLabel();
} catch(Exception e) {
   e.printStackTrace();
/** Provides the frequency at current settings for
sample rate & frames per wavelength. */
public float getFrequency() {
Integer sR = (Integer)sampleRate.getSelectedItem();
int intST = sR.intValue();
int intFPW = framesPerWavelength.getValue();
return (float)intST/(float)intFPW;
/** Loops the current Clip until a commence false is passed. */
public void loopSound(boolean commence) {
if ( commence ) {
   clip.setFramePosition(0);
   clip.loop( Clip.LOOP_CONTINUOUSLY );
} else {
   clip.stop();
/** Generates a tone, and assigns it to the Clip. */
public void generateTone()
throws LineUnavailableException {
if ( clip!=null ) {
   clip.stop();
   clip.close();
} else {
   clip = AudioSystem.getClip();
boolean addHarmonic = harmonic.isSelected();
int intSR = ((Integer)sampleRate.getSelectedItem()).intValue();
int intFPW = framesPerWavelength.getValue();
float sampleRate = (float)intSR;
// oddly, the sound does not loop well for less than
// around 5 or so, wavelengths
int wavelengths = 20;
byte[] buf = new byte[2*intFPW*wavelengths];
AudioFormat af = new AudioFormat(
   sampleRate,
   8, // sample size in bits
   2, // channels
   true, // signed
   false // bigendian
int maxVol = 127;
for(int i=0; i<intFPW*wavelengths; i++){
   double angle = ((float)(i*2)/((float)intFPW))*(Math.PI);
   buf[i*2]=getByteValue(angle);
   if(addHarmonic) {
    buf[(i*2)+1]=getByteValue(2*angle);
   } else {
    buf[(i*2)+1] = buf[i*2];
try {
   byte[] b = buf;
   AudioInputStream ais = new AudioInputStream(
    new ByteArrayInputStream(b),
    af,
    buf.length/2 );
   clip.open( ais );
} catch(Exception e) {
   e.printStackTrace();
/** Provides the byte value for this point in the sinusoidal wave. */
private static byte getByteValue(double angle) {
int maxVol = 127;
return (new Integer(
   (int)Math.round(
   Math.sin(angle)*maxVol))).
   byteValue();
}

This code was written (rather belatedly) in response to a question in [Example: Code to generate audio tone|http://forums.sun.com/thread.jspa?threadID=5243872]. Due to it's age, it has been locked.
The replier wanted to know how to use JavaSound for a Morse code key. Actually now I think about it, the sound loops nicely, but it still demonstrates a slight click at start and stop. I tried using Clip.loop(0) to stop the sound, but that did not avoid the 'click'! I suppose you would need to do as the person was musing, and adjust the GAIN of the Clip up and down.
In any case - questions.
- Can anyone make this work for key presses? The first thing you'd need to do is a find on "TODO" and comment out the line that ensures the Code Key is not focusable (and then add a KeyListener(1)). The problem I encountered was that the KeyEvents were getting fired continuously, which caused the sound to 'stutter'. A Timer to ignore quickly repeated keys might work (though I could not make it work for me), but then that would introduce a lag between when whe key was released, and when the sound stopped. It would need to be a very short delay, to use it much in the way the mouse click currently works.
- Any ideas on improvements to the basic code? (1) (I will be adding the ability to configure the parameters of the applet - more code lines. Possibly also converting the GAIN control from the mostly useless logarithmic ..whatever scale it uses, to linear.)
1) Note that I had to use single spaces to indent - everything else blew the posting limit(2).
2) Hence also, questions on 2nd post. ;)
To compile and run as an applet/application (in a recent SDK).
javac Beeper.java
appletviewer Beeper.java
java BeeperEdit 1:
Latest source can be found at [http://pscode.org/test/eg/Beeper.java]. See also the [formatted version|http://pscode.org/fmt/sbx.html?url=%2Ftest%2Feg%2FBeeper.java&col=2&fnt=2&tab=2&ln=0].
Edited by: AndrewThompson64 on Dec 19, 2009 1:50 PM

Audio playback is clipped and has low volume

Hi, I'm hoping that someone can help me debug my audio problems.
The problem is that audio playback is clipped and has low volume.
The details of my setup are as follows:
- An onboard soundcard (ASUS M4A78LT-M-LE motherboard), identified as Intel HDA in dmesg:
description: Audio device
product: SBx00 Azalia (Intel HDA)
vendor: ATI Technologies Inc
physical id: 14.2
bus info: pci@0000:00:14.2
version: 00
width: 64 bits
clock: 33MHz
capabilities: pm bus_master cap_list
configuration: driver=snd_hda_intel latency=64
resources: irq:16 memory:f9ff4000-f9ff7fff
- ALSA (snd_hda_intel driver) and Pulseaudio
My ALSA mixer settings (which were used in the recording shown in this post) are at pastebin.
The mixer settings were chosen so that all "dB gain" is 0.00 for all columns in alsamixer.
Recording an MP3 (played at full volume) from the Stereo Mixer source in audacity I gives output which looks clipped and has low volume (link).
This occurs with any MP3 and any other sound source (Youtube in Chromium, etc.)
The problem does not occur when I boot into Windows XP, so it doesn't seem to be a hardware problem.
I'm also attaching a screenshot of my alsamixer playback screen for the soundcard (link)
Thanks for any assistance!

Hi,
I have the same problem since December 2011 with a similar Mainboard (Asus M4A78T-E).
Did you resolve your problem?
Thanks

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Change volume and Balance of speaker using Clip interface

Hello,
I am playing more than one Clip simulteniously. I want to change the volume and balance of individual Clip so that they have individual effect on speaker. I mean, if there are two clip then one should have high sound and other have low like that.
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Hello,
I play a sound using Clip interface in Java Sound. i am able to get FloatControl.Type.MASTER_GAIN) control but not FloatControl.Type.PAN)
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oh~~~ so i still need to use pen tool to draw the shape out. I thought there's something i could use to make the shape easily. Stupid me XD
I was wondering if you could help me more...can you give me a rule of thumb like when is best to use illustrator to edit image or photoshop?
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=D
Sometimes the only way to stay sane is to go a little crazy. -
"Girl, Interrupted"
It is the journey itself which makes up your life. -
Tiresias, the blind prophet, "The Odyssey"
Date: Thu, 18 Feb 2010 02:00:41 -0700
From: [email protected]
To: [email protected]
Subject: How do I use clipping mask to cover unwanted background?
Draw the mask using the pen tool over the image. Select both the drawn mask AND image and choose Object > Clipping Mask > Make
>

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photoshop 6:
Photoshop cs6:
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When you say " I also changed the default start to 7:30 and end 4:30", are you talking about the
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Maybe share a screenshot so it'll be easier to help you.
Hope this helps,
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Erratic sound playback using Clip (javax.sound.samled)

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