ERROR while devevloping a struts application

Question

I am new to struts and trying to develop a simplem applicationusing struts,during which i am gettin an expextion of this sort.I have already placed both struts-core 2.2.1 and xcore 2.2.1 in WEB-INF/lib folder.please help
SEVERE: Exception starting filter struts2
java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/apache/struts/action/Action
     at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
     at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(Unknown Source)
     at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(Unknown Source)
     at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.findClassInternal(WebappClassLoader.java:1960)
     at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.findClass(WebappClassLoader.java:933)
     at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1405)
     at org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader.loadClass(WebappClassLoader.java:1284)
     at com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.ClassLoaderUtil.loadClass(ClassLoaderUtil.java:149)
     at com.opensymphony.xwork2.ObjectFactory.getClassInstance(ObjectFactory.java:107)
     at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.verifyAction(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:410)
     at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.addAction(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:365)
     at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.addPackage(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:479)
     at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.providers.XmlConfigurationProvider.loadPackages(XmlConfigurationProvider.java:275)
     at org.apache.struts2.config.StrutsXmlConfigurationProvider.loadPackages(StrutsXmlConfigurationProvider.java:111)
     at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.impl.DefaultConfiguration.reloadContainer(DefaultConfiguration.java:204)
     at com.opensymphony.xwork2.config.ConfigurationManager.getConfiguration(ConfigurationManager.java:66)
     at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init_PreloadConfiguration(Dispatcher.java:371)
     at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.init(Dispatcher.java:415)
     at org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher.init(FilterDispatcher.java:190)
     at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.getFilter(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:221)
     at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.setFilterDef(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:302)
     at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterConfig.<init>(ApplicationFilterConfig.java:78)
     at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.filterStart(StandardContext.java:3666)
     at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.start(StandardContext.java:4258)
     at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:760)
     at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:740)
     at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:544)
     at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectory(HostConfig.java:980)
     at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployDirectories(HostConfig.java:943)
     at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.deployApps(HostConfig.java:500)
     at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.start(HostConfig.java:1203)
     at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.lifecycleEvent(HostConfig.java:319)
     at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleSupport.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleSupport.java:120)
     at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1022)
     at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.start(StandardHost.java:736)
     at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.start(ContainerBase.java:1014)
     at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.start(StandardEngine.java:443)
     at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.start(StandardService.java:448)
     at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.start(StandardServer.java:700)
     at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start(Catalina.java:552)
     at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
     at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
     at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(Unknown Source)
     at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Unknown Source)
     at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.start(Bootstrap.java:295)
     at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:433)

Answer 1

I was able to rectify that error by placing the struts-core-1.3.10.jarinto the WEB-INf/lib folder.
But now i am gettin an exception durin the run time
java.lang.NoSuchMethodException: manipulation.AdditionAction.execute()
     java.lang.Class.getMethod(Unknown Source)
     org.apache.struts2.interceptor.validation.AnnotationValidationInterceptor.getActionMethod(AnnotationValidationInterceptor.java:75)
     org.apache.struts2.interceptor.validation.AnnotationValidationInterceptor.doIntercept(AnnotationValidationInterceptor.java:47)
     com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:98)
     com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
     com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ConversionErrorInterceptor.intercept(ConversionErrorInterceptor.java:133)
     com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
     com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ParametersInterceptor.doIntercept(ParametersInterceptor.java:207)
     com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:98)
     com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
     com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ParametersInterceptor.doIntercept(ParametersInterceptor.java:207)
     com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:98)
     com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
     com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.StaticParametersInterceptor.intercept(StaticParametersInterceptor.java:190)
     com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
     org.apache.struts2.interceptor.MultiselectInterceptor.intercept(MultiselectInterceptor.java:75)
     com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
     org.apache.struts2.interceptor.CheckboxInterceptor.intercept(CheckboxInterceptor.java:94)
     com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
     org.apache.struts2.interceptor.FileUploadInterceptor.intercept(FileUploadInterceptor.java:243)
     com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
     com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ModelDrivenInterceptor.intercept(ModelDrivenInterceptor.java:100)
     com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
     com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ScopedModelDrivenInterceptor.intercept(ScopedModelDrivenInterceptor.java:141)
     com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
     org.apache.struts2.interceptor.debugging.DebuggingInterceptor.intercept(DebuggingInterceptor.java:267)
     com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
     com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ChainingInterceptor.intercept(ChainingInterceptor.java:142)
     com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
     com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.PrepareInterceptor.doIntercept(PrepareInterceptor.java:166)
     com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.MethodFilterInterceptor.intercept(MethodFilterInterceptor.java:98)
     com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
     com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.I18nInterceptor.intercept(I18nInterceptor.java:176)
     com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
     org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletConfigInterceptor.intercept(ServletConfigInterceptor.java:164)
     com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
     com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.AliasInterceptor.intercept(AliasInterceptor.java:190)
     com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
     com.opensymphony.xwork2.interceptor.ExceptionMappingInterceptor.intercept(ExceptionMappingInterceptor.java:187)
     com.opensymphony.xwork2.DefaultActionInvocation.invoke(DefaultActionInvocation.java:248)
     org.apache.struts2.impl.StrutsActionProxy.execute(StrutsActionProxy.java:52)
     org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.Dispatcher.serviceAction(Dispatcher.java:485)
     org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.FilterDispatcher.doFilter(FilterDispatcher.java:395)
my jsp pages are:
addition.jsp:
<%@taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="html" %>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Sample Application</title>
</head>
<body>
<html:form action="Add">
<html:textfield name="number1" label="Number1" />
<html:textfield name="number2" label="Number2" />
<html:submit value="Add" />
</html:form>
</body>
</html>
success.jsp:
<html>
<head>
<title>Sample Struts Display Name</title>
</head>
<body>
<table width="80%" border="0">
<tr>
<td>Addition: <%= request.getAttribute("sum") %> !!</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
struts-config.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.2//EN"
"http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/dtds/struts-config_1_2.dtd">
<struts-config>
<form-beans>
<form-bean name="Addform" type="manipulation.Addform"/>
</form-beans>
<global-exceptions>
</global-exceptions>
<global-forwards>
<forward name="welcome" path="/Welcome.do"/>
</global-forwards>
<action-mappings>
<action name="Add" class="manipulation.AdditionAction">
<forward name="success" path="/success.jsp" />
<forward name="failure" path="/failure.jsp" />
</action>
<action path="/Welcome" forward="/welcomeStruts.jsp"/>
</action-mappings>
</struts-config>
Addform.java:
package manipulation;
public class Addform extends org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm
     private int number1;
     private int number2;
     private int sum;
     public Addform()
}public String getSum()
     return("Result:"+sum);
          }public void setSum(int no1,int no2)
     this.number1=no1;
     this.number2=no2;
     sum=no1+no2;
} public int getnumber1() {
return number1;
} public void setNumber1(int number) {
this.number1 = number;
} public int getnumber2 (){
return number2;
} public void setNumber2(int number) {
this.number2= number;
AdditionAction.java:
package manipulation;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.apache.struts.action.Action;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;
public class AdditionAction extends org.apache.struts.action.Action
     private static final String SUCCESS = "success";
public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping,ActionForm form,
HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)throws Exception {
     int no1=0;
     int no2=0;
if ( form != null )
// Use the NameForm to get the request parameters
Addform formadd = (Addform) form;
no1 =formadd.getnumber1() ;
no2=formadd.getnumber2();
// if no mane supplied Set the target to failure
request.setAttribute("number1", no1);
request.setAttribute("number2", no2);
          return (mapping.findForward(SUCCESS));
please help...
}