FAQ: AS/400平台有效化DDIC表时,出现OS错误SQL0952
一次客户通过SE11在有效化DDIC表时，总是出现一下的error
Following objects not activated/deleted or activated/deleted w. warning:
Table /SSSSS/XXXXX could not be activated
(E- Table /SSSSS/SCRN_ASG (Error adjusting the database) )
ALTER "REFRESH" set data type GRAPHIC (000030) CCSID 13488
DEFAULT ' ' NOT NULL
Processing of the SQL statement ended. Reason code 10. MSGID= Job=064
326/DEV00/WP01
DDL time(___1): .......653 milliseconds
如果细看一下，会发现message：u201CProcessing of the SQL statement ended. Reason code 10.u201D
是问题产生的原因。这是一条OS的信息。
在AS/400中，这条message的代码是SQL0952 RC=10，原因是系统不能自动回复相应的message询问。
在OS中执行下面的语句就能解决这个问题。
ADDRPYLE SEQNBR(3201) MSGID(CPA32B2) CMPDTA(*NONE) RPY(I)
类似的问题在升级系统时也时常发生。
OS的不同，出现具体错误形式也会不同
Similar Messages
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FAQ: What features use the GPU and how do I troubleshoot GPU issues?
Photoshop CS6 GPU FAQ
Introduction
This document provides a quick reference guide to video card usage in Photoshop. Some features require a compatible video card to work; if the video card or its driver is defective or unsupported, those features will not work at all. Other features use the video card for acceleration and if the card or driver is defective those features will run more slowly.
Mercury Graphics Engine
The Mercury Graphics Engine (MGE) represents features that use video card, or GPU, acceleration. In Photoshop CS6, this new engine delivers near-instant results when editing with key tools such as Liquify, Warp, Lighting Effects and the Oil Paint filter. The new MGE delivers unprecedented responsiveness for a fluid feel as you work.
MGE is new to Photoshop CS6, and uses both the OpenGL and OpenCL frameworks. It does not use the proprietary CUDA framework from nVidia.
In order to use MGE, you must have a supported video card and updated driver. If you do not have a supported card, performance will be degraded. In most cases the acceleration is lost and the feature runs in the normal CPU mode. However, there are some features that will not work without a supported video card.
GPU features added in Photoshop CS6
Adaptive Wide Angle Filter (compatible video card required)
Liquify (accelerated by compatible video card with 512MB VRAM, GPU mode unavailable on Windows XP)
Oil Paint (compatible video card required)
Warp and Puppet Warp (accelerated by compatible video card, GPU mode unavailable on Windows XP)
Field Blur, Iris Blur, and Tilt/Shift (accelerated by compatible video
card supporting OpenCL, GPU mode unavailable on Windows XP)
Lighting Effects Gallery (compatible video card required with 512MB
VRAM, unavailable on Windows XP)
New 3D enhancements (3D features in Photoshop require a compatible video card with 512MB VRAM, unavailable on Windows XP):
Draggable Shadows
Ground plane reflections
Roughness
On-canvas UI controls
Ground plane
Liqht widgets on edge of canvas
IBL (image based light) controller
* Note that all 3D features are unavailable on Windows XP in Photoshop CS6
GPU features added in previous versions of Photoshop
Scrubby Zoom. See Zoom continuously
Heads Up Display (HUD) color picker. See Choose a color while painting
Color sampling ring. Choose colors with the Eyedropper tool
Brush dynamic resize and hardness control. See Resize or change hardness of cursors by dragging
Bristle Brush tip previews. Bristle tip shape options
Rule of thirds crop grid overlay. Crop images
Zoom enhancements. Smooth display at all zoom levels and temporary zoom. See Zoom continuouslyTemporarily zoom an image
Animated transitions for one-stop zoom.
Flick-panning.
Rotate the canvas. Use the Rotate View tool
View nonsquare pixel images. Adjust pixel aspect ratio
Pixel grid. Hide the pixel grid
Adobe Color Engine (ACE).
Draw Brush tip cursors. Resize or change hardness of cursors by dragging
Adobe Bridge GPU features
Preview panel
Full-screen preview
Review mode
See Preview and compare images in Adobe Bridge CS6 Help for information on all of these features.
GPU/OpenGL preferences in Photoshop CS6
The advantages of using a compatible video card (GPU) with Photoshop are that you can experience better performance and more features. Problems can occur if you have an older video card with limited VRAM or if you use other programs at the same time as Photoshop that use the GPU.
Choose Edit > Preferences (Windows) or Photoshop > Preferences (Mac OS).
In the Performance panel, make sure Use Graphics Processor is selected in GPU Settings.
Click Advanced Settings and specify the following options:
Mode > Basic
Mode > Normal
Mode > Advanced Provides the benefits of Normal mode as well as newer OpenGL advances that can result in improved performance.
Use Graphics Processor to Accelerate Computation
Use OpenCL Uses the GPU to accelerate the new blur filters (Field Blur, Iris Blur, and Tilt-Shift) – OpenCL will only be available on newer GPUs that support OpenCL v1.1 or higher
Anti-Alias Guides And Paths Allows the GPU hardware to smooth the edges of drawn guides and paths.
30 Bit Display (Windows only) Allows Photoshop to display 30 bit data directly to screen on video cards that support it
Quick GPU Troubleshooting Steps
You can experience problems such as artifacts, errors, and crashes if there are incompatibilities between Photoshop and the display components that access the GPU.
If you experience crashes, incorrectly rendered windows or objects, redraw issues, or performance issues while running Photoshop, first determine whether OpenGL is causing the problem.
Turn off OpenGL.
Choose Edit > Preferences (Windows) or Photoshop > Preferences (Mac OS).
In the Performance panel, uncheck Use Graphics Processor. Click OK.
Restart Photoshop, and perform the same function.
If the problem recurs while OpenGL Drawing is disabled, OpenGL is not the cause. For additional troubleshooting, see Troubleshoot system errors and freezes | Adobe software on Windows (cpsid_82252) or Troubleshoot system errors and freezes | Adobe software on Mac OS 10.x (cpsid_82414).
If the problem resolves, proceed with the rest of the troubleshooting steps to fix OpenGL.
Make sure that you're using the latest update of Photoshop.Updates fix bugs and issues.
Update the display driver.Updated display drivers can fix many issues, such as crashing, incorrectly rendered objects, and performance problems. Determine what video card you have and go directly to the manufacturer's website (nVidia or ATI/AMD) and download the latest driver. (Note: Simply doing a Windows Update is does not guarantee you are using the latest driver. You must go directly to the nVideo or ATI/AMD websites to get the absolute latest driver.) After you update your driver, turn on Use Graphics Processor in Photoshop preferences.
Reset preferences.
Resetting preferences returns OpenGL settings to their default status. Reset Photoshop preferences by pressing and holding Shift+Ctrl+Alt (Windows) or Shift+Option+Command (Mac OS) immediately after you start Photoshop.
Click Yes when asked if you want to delete the Adobe Photoshop Settings File.
Retry the function that caused the problem.
Change the OpenGL mode to Basic.
Setting the OpenGL mode to Basic uses the least amount of GPU memory and the most basic GPU feature set.
Close all documents.
Choose Edit > Preferences (Windows) or Photoshop > Preferences (Mac OS)
In the Performance panel, click the GPU Settings Advanced Settings button.
Choose Mode > Basic
Restart Photoshop.
If this solution resolves the problem, switch to Normal mode. See if the issue recurs. If the issue recurs, return to Basic mode.
Note: If you’re changing GPU preferences to troubleshoot a problem, re-launch Photoshop after each change.
If you are using more than one video adapter, remove the additional cards.
Multiple video adapters can cause problems with GPU accelerated or enabled features in Photoshop. It's best to connect two (or more) monitors into one video adapter. If you have to use more than one video adapter, make sure that they are the same make and model. Otherwise, crashes and other problems can occur in Photoshop.
Note: Using two video adapters does not enhance Photoshop's performance.
Check your Cache Levels setting.
If you've set your Cache Levels to 1 in Photoshop preferences, you can experience performance issues with GPU features. Reset Cache Levels to the default setting, which is 4.
Choose Edit > Preferences > Performance (Windows) or Photoshop > Preferences (Mac OS)
In the Performance panel, choose Cache Levels > 4.
The GPU Sniffer
To help guard against Photoshop crashes related to bad GPU hardware or drivers, Photoshop employs a small program called the GPU Sniffer. Every time Photoshop is launched, Photoshop launches the sniffer. The sniffer runs rudimentary tests of the GPU and reports the results to Photoshop. If the sniffer crashes or reports a failure status to Photoshop, Photoshop will not use the GPU. The Use Graphics Hardware checkbox in the Performance panel of the Preferences will be unchecked and disabled.
The first time the sniffer fails, Photoshop will display a dialog indicating that it has detected a problem with the GPU. On subsequent launches the dialog will not appear unless the Photoshop preferences are reset.
If the user corrects the problem, either by replacing the video card or by updating the driver, then the sniffer will pass on the next launch and the Use Graphics Hardware checkbox will be enabled and returned to its previous state (enabled or disabled).
Tested video cards for Photoshop CS6
Adobe tested the following video cards before the release of Photoshop CS6. This document lists the video card by series. While the minimum amount of VRAM supported on video cards for Photoshop CS6 is 256MB, some features require 512MB of VRAM to be enabled.
Note: Adobe tested laptop and desktop versions of the following cards. Be sure to download the latest driver for your specific model. (Laptop and desktop versions have slightly different names.)
nVidia GeForce 8000, 9000, 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 series
nVidia Quadro 400, 600, 2000, 4000 (Mac & Win), CX, 5000, 6000
AMD/ATI Radeon 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000, 6000, 7000 series
AMD/ATI FirePro 3800, 4800, 5800, 7800, 8800, 9800, 3900, 4900, 5900, 7900
Intel Intel HD Graphics, Intel HD Graphics P3000, Intel HD Graphics P4000
Note: ATI X1000 series and nVidia 7000 series cards are no longer being tested and are not officially supported in CS6 – some basic GL functionality may be available for both these cards.
Note: 3Dand some Open GL features are disabled on Windows XP, as stated on : http://labs.adobe.com/technologies/photoshopcs6/I've had several timeout since the pings were started. Got a some response times > 1ms (nothing greater than 7 or 8ms), but no timeouts.
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NEO Boards Unofficial FAQ rev 4/05/2004 - two lights on "P" series
Hi all,
I'll start maintaining this Unofficial FAQ for the NEO boards. The contents of this FAQ are compiled from this forum, user's posted problems, usage issues, compatibility issues reported on the net etc. However, MSI does not responsible for the validity of this FAQ. Please take note.
1. BIOS
Q: I flashed the BIOS and caused my motherboard dead. Can I RMA the board?
A: This does not happen easily. Please be sure you follow the BIOS flashing instruction and wait for the BIOS flashing process to be fully completed before you restart the PC.
If this problem is caused by the recent bios 1.3 for the Intel875 ( MS6758 ) chipset, then he could ask for RMA from MSI Branch offices for Free.
If not caused by the 1.3 BIOS, they can still go through the normal RMA process. Please check with MSI branches.
Q: What is the MSI statement for the bad BIOS flash?
YES. This is the statement :Quote
When you update the bios to v1.4 using the latest flash utility, it will show "Erasing Done and then Programming Done". But actually the process has not been finished yet, you will need to wait about 30 seconds and then the message of "Flash Complete..." is showing up, this will complete the flash process.
By doing this, end user will assume when it display "Programming Done" message, it has complete the flash process which is wrong. We need to wait until the "Flash Complete..." message has displayed on the screen in order for completing the flash process.
By any chance we can remove the message of "Programming Done" and only prompt for "Flash Complete..." so customer will not turn off the system or reboot the system when they see "Programming Done" message pop on the screen?
The new version ADSFI708.EXE has fixed this issue. When you finish the BIOS , it will show the "Verifying the ROM data now" message before it showed up the "Flash Complete".
In short, use ADSFI708.EXE to flash the BIOS.
[/color]
Q: Where can I get beta BIOS?
MSI do not support beta BIOS. Use at your own risk. Under special condition such as hardware incompatibility issues and a beta BIOS is a feasible resolution, please post in the forum and let the mods arrange for you.
Latest BIOS:
Released:
875P Neo : 1.9
865PE Neo2 : 1.9
865PE Neo2-PS : 3.3 New![/B]
beta BIOS:
875P Neo : 1.9B6 link1 [Thanks to FlyTSI for hosting]
History: NO INFO PROVIDED FOR 1.9B6
865PE Neo2 : 2.01B link [thanks to FlyTSI]
History:Support Extreme OSB logo. Display L3 cache. Support Prescott cpu & update microcode. Modify Prescott ratio programming.
DO NOT APPROACH THE MODS FOR BETA BIOS! WE DO NOT DISTRIBUTE BETA BIOS!!
Q: What is the best BIOS setting for my board?
A: The optimal BIOS setting is different for each system. It's recommended to read more about the BIOS settings, from the board's manual, and some good guides like this : link.
2. Overclocking
Q:I cannot overclock my system. Can MSI update the BIOS so I can overclock?
A: This board can overclock, but overclocking depends on the peripherals that you are using like memory, CPU, heatsink etc.
Q: Which board has Dynamic Overclocking Technology?
A: Currently only 865PE Neo2-FIS2R
Q: How to disable dynamic overclocking?
A:Yes, you can disable Dynamic clocking directly in the bios setup.
3. CoreCell Technology
Q: which product has CoreCell technology built-in?
A: 875P Neo (MS-6758), 865GE Neo2 (MS-6728) & 865PE Neo2 (MS-6728)
Q: Can I assume that boards with CoreCell chip to have D.O.T ?
NO
Q: Where are the locations of temperature sensors?
CPU - taken directly from CPU pin (same as AMD thermal pin.
System - RT2 (near winbond I/O) same for 875/865 series boards.
4. RAM
Q: I have this RAM xxxx but it does not work with my board. Can MSI update the BIOS to fix this?
A: We would suggest you to use the MSI recommended memory for this part as there are a lot of memory brands out there we can't guarantee that all will work with the MB. Please go to the Product Info page, click "Test Report" and choose "Memory Modules".
For example, 875P : Here and select Memory Modules.
Q: My RAM performance is slow, the benchmark software such as PC Mark, Sisoft etc results are below par compared to other brands. WHY?
A: This issue has been identified. New BIOS update has fixed this problem. Please update to the latest BIOS.
Q: Is there any workaround?
A: There are users here share valueable information of how they tweak their BIOS to achieve good results. Kudos to them! :D Take a look at this link.
Q: What is MAT?
Memory Acceleration Technology. More to read here! Please read all to get the whole idea. You should have the idea what actually it is. :D
Q: Why my Neo2-S/LS doesn't have MAT?!
GOOD NEWS!! After first week of July, the new BIOS release will enable MAT in all Neo2 boards!
Q: What about DOT?
OK. Here is the answer:
Additional Info for MAT support:
MS-6728 BIOS V1.3 (All 865PE will support)
(Note: No MAT option for 865G due to limitation) Though the 865G have no support for MAT but if you insert AGP VGA card, you could still avail of this function!!
DOT support:
MS-6728, for exist boards, only full version supports it
Q: I want to have both MAT and DOT, can I do that?
Of course you can. However, the amount of setting you can used would depend on your current configurations. The suggested stable configuration if MAT as Fast & DOT as Captain
Q: Then what is PAT?
This is what I found in the forum, written by Assaf.
Quote
Here's what I understand about PAT.
As you may or may not know adding pipline stages to any execution unit will allow you to run it at a higher frequency but it will increase the latancy from start to end (measured in clock pulses).
Now, in order to ensure reliable operation at 800MHz FSB intel added 2 pipline stages to the memory controller (as based on the original dual memory controller in the E7205 chipset)
This they called i865PE and it will only put into action these 2 stages when 800MHz FSB is applied (which it needs the bios to tell it is the case)
Intel take the better yealdes of 865PE and validate them for 800MHz with the 2 extra stages disabled.
These they call 875P.
A 875P bios with PAT enabled simply does not "tell" the chipset it it running at 800MHz so the extra stages are inactive thus reducing latancy relative to a situation where these stages were activated.
A hacked 865PE bios will simply follow the 875P bios rule of not notifing the chipset it is running at 800MHz.
PAT is not an optimization, it's a de-un-optimization
[/color]
Q: Can 875P/865PE boards support DDR266 RAM for 800MHz FSB CPU?
Yes, although the product webpage did not highlight DDR266.
Q: My Kingston HyperX RAM always cause errors with 875/865 board!
Known issue. Please read here: http://www.kingston.com/support/faqs/memory/intel_3.asp
Q: My system does not run stably with DDR400
A: Set DDR Voltage to 2.7V and above for DDR400, regardless what the RAM manufacturer advertised.
Q: How to set different FSB:DDR ratio? I can't find in the BIOS
The FSB:DDR ratio can be changed by setting DDR Clock [266,333,400,500,533]. However, your processor's default FSB will affect the ratio. Follow this table:
FSB DDR ratio
133 266 1:1
133 333 4:5
133 400 2:3
133 466 -
133 500 -
133 533 -
200 266 3:2
200 333 5:4
200 400 1:1
200 466 -
200 500 4:5
200 533 3:4
If you have 800FSB (200Mhz) CPU, use FSB200 table. If you have 533FSB (133MHz) CPU, use FSB133 table to get the ratio. Ratio "-" is not available and out of chipset limit.
Examples:
1. DDR400 overclock P4 2.4GHz to 3.0GHz. Ratio 5:4. FSB:250MHz. DDR Clock : 333MHz
2. DDR333 overclock P4 2.4GHz to 3.0GHz. Ratio 3:2. FSB:250MHz. DDR Clock : 266MHz
3. DDR500 Pr default. Ratio 4:5. FSB:200MHz. DDR Clock: 500MHz.
5. HDDs
Q: Can Promise RAID support 2 PATA + 2 SATA = total of 4 HDDs for a single RAID array? RAID-0? RAID-1? RAID-0+1?
Yes, Promise RAID support 2 PATA + 2 SATA (RAID-0 or RAID-1 or RAID-0+1)
Q: Does ICH5R's SATA controller support RAID?
Yes, but only ICH5R, not ICH5. Update: MSI has released beta BIOS 1.81B with ICH5R RAID-1 support. Check the link above in the BIOS section.
Q: My HDD LED doesn't lit!!!
As what I have been told that the HDD LED only lit when there are activities in IDE Primary and Secondary channels. No support for ICH5's SATA and/or Promise SATA activities yet. In other words, the HDD LED will not lit and indicate any activities for your SATA drives.
Q: What is SATA? What is PATA?
SATA = Serial ATA. There was no such "PATA" acronym before. After Serial ATA appeared, people started to find IDE as opposing to Serial ATA, and hence called IDE as "Parallel ATA" or PATA.
Q: I enable SATA in BIOS but I didn't see any SATA Controller listed in the Device Manager!
You will see two sets of IDE ATA/ATAPI Controllers - Intel 82801EB Ultra ATA Controller x2, Primary IDE Channel x2, Secondary IDE Channel x2. That's how Windows installed the drivers.
Q: How should I install my HDD for RAID configuration?
Note that the Promise RAID controller only controls IDE-3, SER-3 and SER-4 ports. Make sure you have your HDDs connected to these ports. Make sure you have enabled "Onboard Promise IDE" in the BIOS. Then after the POST screen, press CTRL-F once prompted and go to the RAID setup screen to setup your RAID configuration.
While the ICH5R controls IDE-1, IDE-2, SER-1 and SER-2. For ICH5R, only SER-1 and SER-2 can be set as RAID. So make sure your SATA HDDs are connected to SER-1 and SER-2. But make sure you have enabled "Configure SATA as RAID" in the BIOS. After the POST screen, press CTRL-I once prompted and go to the ICH5R RAID setup screen to setup your RAID configuration.
For more comprehensive RAID setup guide, please read this guide written by vango44. Great contribution!!
Q: My SATA HDD always gives me errors, data corruptions and can't boot!!
Check the SATA HDD's bridge chip with a "M" logo, the chip build has to be B5P and above, not B2P/B3P which are known to be buggy. B4P is OK but B5P is better. Maxtor and Western Digital SATA HDDs are known to use this bridge chip. Seagate Barracuda V uses different bridge chip and does not make that much problems compared to Maxtor's. RMA the HDDs if possible. MSI is working on the BIOS to fix this incompatible issues. Get BIOS 1.9B3 or 1.6B2 or above. I have seen around October 2003 that Western Digital HDDs come with B5P bridge chip.
Q: I want to use IDE3 for normal HDD, non-RAID
Set this in the BIOS under Integrated Peripherals:
Onboard Promise IDE : As SATA
Q: What is Legacy mode and what is Native mode?
Legacy mode uses 14 and 15 IRQs. Legacy mode can support up to 2 IDE channels, each IRQ for each channel, which means it can support 2 SATA, or 2 SATA + 2 PATA or 4 PATA. Legacy mode also works comfortably with most OSes including Linux.
Native mode means you may use all available IRQs and can support up to 2 SATA and 4 PATA. Native mode may have issues working with some OSes such as Win9x and Linux, especially on IRQ assignments.If you have Win98/ME, use Legacy mode only!
Q: How to enable both SATA and PATA?
You can use both Legacy mode and Native mode, depending on how many devices you use as described above.
For Legacy Mode:
ATA Configuration: PATA+SATA
S-ATA Keep Enabled: Yes
P-ATA Keep Enabled: Yes
PATA Channel Selection: Both
Combined Mode Operation: PATA First/SATA First, depending on which you want to act as 1st Channel.
S-ATA Ports Definition: P0-1st/P1-2nd or P0-3rd/P1-4th, depending on which you want to act as Master.
For Native Mode:
ATA Configuration: SATA Only or PATA only, depending on which you want to be the FIRST BOOT device!
S-ATA Keep Enabled: Yes if you chose PATA only
P-ATA Keep Enabled: Yes if you chose SATA Only
PATA Channel Selection: Both
Combined Mode Operation: PATA First/SATA First, depending on which you want to act as 1st Channel.
S-ATA Ports Definition: - P0-1st/P1-2nd or P0-3rd/P1-4th, depending on which you want to act as Master.
Q: What is S-ATA Ports Definition?
There are two options: P0-1st/P1-2nd and P0-3rd/P1-4th. If you choose P0-1st/P1-2nd, your Port-0 S-ATA (SER-1) will become the 1st IDE Master, ie IDE-1 Master. and Port-1 S-ATA (SER-2) will become 2nd IDE Master. If you plan to boot with SATA HDD, it's recommended to set to P0-1st/P1-2nd. If you plan to boot with PATA HDD, it's recommended to set to P0-3rd/P1-4th.
Q: When I enable SATA+PATA mode, why only IDE-1 or IDE-2 can be used?
If you chose "SATA 1st Channel", IDE-1 will be dropped. If you chose "PATA 1st Channel", IDE-2 will be dropped.
Q: I want my SATA to be the 1st IDE drive in Legacy Mode along with PATA, how?
Set this:
ATA Configuration: PATA+SATA
S-ATA Keep Enabled: don't care
P-ATA Keep Enabled: don't care
PATA Channel Selection: don't care
Combined Mode Operation: SATA 1st Channel
S-ATA Ports Definition: P0-1st/P1-2nd
With this configuration, you can have your SER-1 and SER-2 act as IDE-1 master and slave. But you can only connect your PATA drives on IDE-2 slot.
Q: I am a noob, I want more details.
More info? here
Q: How to support 250GB HDD? Windows only sees up to 134GB.
Follow this instruction: here for Win2000 and WinXP.
Q: I've installed a new SATA HDD, I can find it in Device Manager but it doesn't appear in Windows Explorer at all! HELP!!
You need to format the HDD, not just SATA but also PATA HDD then only Windows Explorer can see it and assign it with a drive letter. To format a HDD, right click on My Computer, select Manage, look for Disk Management. You should see a no-drive-letter unformatted drive there in the list. Get it formatted by right click on it and choose the obvious option there is.
6. Onboard Sound
Q: My onboard sound lost after I overclock the system!
Goto BIOS setup and lock AGP/PCI to 67/33.
7. Universal Serial Bus [Thanks to Danny for contribution]
Q: Why doesn't my board have USB2 ports?
A: The ICH5 and ICH5R chipsets support up to 8 USB2 ports. Under Windows XP when you view your USB settings using Device Manager you will see 4 Intel 82801EB USB Universal Host Controllers and 1 Intel 82801EB USB2 Enhanced Host Controller; Windows 2000 is similar, you are looking for "Enhanced". If you don't see "Enhanced" you need to install SP1 for XP or the latest service pack for W2K. If you have these service packs installed and still don't see enhanced, used the Device Manager to remove the 5 controllers and reboot to allow Windows to correctly install the right drivers.
Q: If I have 8 USB2 ports, why does Sandra tell me they are USB1.1?
A: When lower speed devices are plugged in, or high speed devices are plugged in without USB2 operating system support, they are routed to the low speed host controllers. High speed devices are routed directly to the Enhanced host controller when operating system support exists.
Base on http://www.intel.com/design/chipsets/manuals/29865602.pdf
8. CPU - contributed by Danny! :biggthumbsup:
Q: I have an 800 FSB Pentium 4 CPU, but the bios is set for 200! If I set it to 800 it crashes! What is wrong?
A: The FSB rating of the CPU is 4 times the FSB rating of the motherboard. To quote Intel: "This is accomplished through a physical signaling scheme of quad pumping the data transfers over a 200 MHz clocked system bus and a buffering scheme allowing for sustained 800 MHz data transfers." So valid settings are 100 for a 400FSB CPU, 133 for a 533FSB CPU and 200 for an 800FSB CPU.
Q: The Windows task manager and the Device Manager show I have two CPU's. What's wrong?
A: Your CPU is a model that has Hyperthreading technology and it is enabled in the bios. To quote Intel: "It allows software programs to "see" two processors and work more efficiently. This new technology enables the processor to execute two series, or threads, of instructions at the same time, thereby improving performance and system responsiveness."
Q: Do these boards support Prescott CPU?
Update: Prescott spec is not finalized. There might be more requirements needed other than meeting FMB guideline. It is hard to say if current motherboards can fully support it. [/color]
This is the latest info from MSI. Check this link here
9. Power Management
Q: What are S1/POS and S3/STR modes?
S1/POS = Power On Suspend, nothing turn off just that everything is running in extremely slow.
S3/STR = Suspend to RAM, PSU only powers 5V_STBY to the board for RAM refreshing, the rest all off.
Additionally,
S4 = Suspend to Disk. Win2k/XP calls it "Hibernation" mode. In this mode, the RAM and CPU state images are copied into the HDD. After S4 mode, you can safely remove the power cord.
S5 = Soft Off. PSU still supplies 5V_STBY.
G3 = mechanical off. No power at all to the board.
Q: Where to set the standby modes?
For S1 and S3, you can set the standby mode to either S1 or S3, not both, in the BIOS. Note that Windows cannot choose which standby mode to run. You have to set it in the BIOS.
For S4, you can only set it in Windows 2k/XP (and ME, but not 98).
10. Others
Q: I have MSI FX5900 which has double sided fans, can it fit in the board?
Most boards can fit the FX5900. Including, the NEOs' MS-6728, MS-6758, and others like KT4A ultra, MS6777 Nvidia board.
Q: Why my NB Temp value is always stay the same?
On 875P Neo and 865PE Neo2, there is no NB temp sensor! The value you read from CoreCenter does not mean anything. Please update to the latest CoreCenter.
Q. What are the two lights on my "P" series board for?
A. These are the Overclock Signal Lights:
1. Green, Green: Both AGP and CPU are dynamic overclocking.
2. Green, Red: The memory is overclocking to 533MHz.
3. Red, Green: The external frequency is overclocking to 350MHz, and the frequency between the north bridge and CPU is 1400MHz.
4. Red, Red: CPU is dynamic overclocking now.
There are more to come soon. Please do not reply or request for FAQ contents in this thread. The FAQ will be picked up from the popular threads. Thanks.
Update History:
6/23/2003 : Added onboard sound lost fix
6/25/2003 : Added HDD LED
6/26/2003 : GOOD NEWS!! MAT to be available in all Neo2 boards!
6/27/2003 : SATA, PATA
7/1/2003 : 865G MAT support!!
7/7/2003 : MAT + DOT support
7/7/2003 : Prescott CPU support
7/7/2003 : DDR266 RAM support for 800MHz FSB CPU
7/17/2003 : Prescott CPU support UPDATED
7/18/2003 : SATA & PATA updated
8/15/2003 : latest BIOS updates
8/15/2003 : RAID-1 support for ICH5R
8/16/2003 : RAID configuration
9/02/2003 : beta BIOS updates - 1.81B
9/03/2003 : beta BIOS update for 865 - 1.52B
10/03/2003 : beta BIOS update for 875 - 1.9B3
10/06/2003 : beta BIOS update for 865 - 1.6B2
10/08/2003 : beta BIOS update for 865 - 1.7B1 link provided
10/13/2003 : minor updates on old issues
10/16/2003 : NB temp sensor?
10/19/2003 : Promise IDE3 for non-RAID function
10/20/2003 : Prescott updates
10/21/2003 : FSB:DDR ratio
11/21/2003 : Legacy, Native mode, SATA+PATA Configuration
12/01/2003 : BIOS 1.9B6 for 875P
12/15/2003 : Prescott Support, 250GB HDD support, BIOS 1.9 FINAL
1/11/2004 : BIOS 2.01B for 865PE Neo2, BIOS 3.30 for 865PE Neo2-P
1/12/2004 : USB 2.0 [thanks to Danny for contribution]
1/26/2004 : SATA + PATA Revisited
1/26/2004 : Added 8. CPU [contributed by Danny]
1/27/2004 : Added formatting SATA HDD in WinXP
1/28/2004 : updated on SATA+PATA and links with Danny, Vango44 and Uruk Hai's contributions :biggthumbsup:
1/28/2004 : Added power management
04/05/2004 : Added two lights on "P" series boards [Danny]Dear [Maesus],
I have tried to duplicate the issue, I saw it only once when I reflash the BIOS and then change the CPU clock setting.
My procedure as below…
1. Boot system
2. Update BIOS to 1.9 version
3. Restart the system to BIOS setting
4. Change the CPU Bus Clock to 229
5. Save the setting & exit and then the system restart automatically
6. And then I saw the CPU is only running 1.86GHz (my CPU is 3.2GHZ FSB 800MHz)
But I would like to explain that my procedure as above is incorrect.
The correct procedure should be as below….
1. Boot system
2. Update BIOS to 1.9 version
3. Restart the system to BIOS setting
4. Load BIOS setup default first
5. Change the CPU Bus Clock to 229
6. Save the setting & exit and then the system restart automatically
7. And then I saw the CPU is running 3.66GHz (my CPU is 3.2GHZ FSB 800MHz)
Note: To load BIOS setup default setting after reflash BIOS that is because all original default setting will be erase after upgrade BIOS. So we always recommend customers to load BIOS default setting first before change any BIOS setting.
BTW, we have updated the BIOS version to support Prescott CPU. Users can decide to update it or not.
The new release BIOS as attach file.
Best regard!
[MSI Staff] -
Using PreparedStatement.setString() on AS/400 VARGRAPHIC field not working
Hello,
I have a database table on an AS/400 that contains a VARGRAPHIC field of length 254. According to all the docs that I've read, I should be able to use PreparedStatement.setString() to set a parameter for that field. However, I never get any rows back when I execute the query. If I run the same query on the AS/400 using strsql, the query runs fine and returns the expected results. Anyone have any ideas?
ThanksThe Toolbox driver. In that case you might be better off asking this question in a forum that specializes in that. Go here:
http://www-124.ibm.com/developerworks/oss/jt400/
You will find a FAQ section, a mailing list you can subscribe to for discussions such as your question, a bug report page where you may be able to see if your question has already been reported as a bug, and so on.
I haven't used VARGRAPHICS fields so I have no insight into your problem, except that setting graphics data from a String sounds kind of fishy to me. Good luck. -
Faq's in Interview point of view
Hi All,
I have a favour from all of you, I want to know what are the type of questions that would be asked in interview if I put these objects
Reports :
Created Material Master report for existing stock details.
Created Material Master report for various storage locations.
BDC :
Migrated legacy data from Non SAP to SAP using SE11 transaction.
Migrated legacy data using MK01 transaction.
LSMW :
Migrated legacy data using MM01 transaction.
Reports
Generated a report to print the purchase order details of goods received with purchase order number.
Generated a program to create a report which calculates the material cost, it selects all the material issued for the entered service order number from stock.
Sap Scripts
Worked on Modifying the predefined Sap Script for Distributing Customer Billing.
Smart Forms
Worked on creating Job requisition form.
Reports:
Developed a ALV Grid Interactive report to evaluate the Vendor performance for a specified purchase organization in a particular period.
Generated a ALV grid interactive report that displays the Material numbers and
corresponding Maintenance status in the basic list and upon selection of a particular
material no it gives the detailed information of that material no in two different levels.
BDC:
Interface to upload change the sales order for open sales order and partial sales order using the transaction VA02 through batch input method.
SAP Scripts :
Modified the Order layout set with slight changes in the terms and conditions, date
format.
Changes made to the invoice layout set as per the client requirement
i would very much indebted to each and everyone whoever is helping to secure a job in ABAP..
Thanking u in advance...
srinivas
u can also mail me @ [email protected]1. How data is stored in cluster table?
Each field of cluster table behaves as tables which contains the no. of entries.
2. What are client dependant objects in abap/sap?
SAP Script layout, text element, and some DDIC objects.
3. On which even we can validate the input fields in module progams?
In PAI (Write field statement on field you want to validate, if you want to validate group of fields put in chain and End chain statement.)
4. In selection screen I have three fields, plant mat no and material group. If I input plant how do I get the mat no and material group based on plant dynamically?
AT SELECTION-SCREEN ON VALUE-REQUEST FOR MATERIAL.
CALL FUNCTION 'F4IF_INT_TABLE_VALUE_REQUEST' to get material and material group for the plant.
5. How do you get output from IDOC?
Data in IDOc is stored in segments, the output from Idoc is obtained by reading the data stored in its respective segments.
6. When top of the page event is triggered?
After excuteing first write statement in start-of-selection event.
7. Can we create field without data element and how?
In SE11 one option is available above the fields strip. Data element/ direct type.
8. How do we debug sapscript?
Go to SE71 give lay set name , go to utilities select debugger mode on.
9. Which transaction code can I used to analyze the performance of ABAP program.
TCode AL21.
10. How can I copy a standard table to make my own z_table.
Go to transaction SE11. Then there is one option to copy table. Press that button. Enter the name of the standard table and in the Target table enter Z table name and press enter.
Following are some of the answers which I gave upto my knowledge.
1. What is the use of 'outerjoin'
Ans. With the use of outer join you can join the tables even there is no entry in all the tables used in the view.
In case of inner join there should be an entry in al the tables use in the view.
2. When to use logical database?
Ans. Advantage of Logical databases:
less coding s required to retrieve data compared to normal internel tables.
Tables used LDB are in hierarchial structure.
3. What is the use of 'table index'?
Ans .Index is used for faster access of data base tables.
4. What is the use of 'FOR ALL ENTRIES'?
Ans. To avoid nested select statements we use SELECT FOR ALL ENTRIES statement.
If there r more than 10000 records SELECT FOR ALL ENTRIES is used.
Performance wise SELECT FOR ALL ENTRIES is better to use.
5. Can you set up background processing using CALL TRANSACTION?
Yes,Using No Screen Mode.
6. What are table buffers?
Table buffers reside locally on each application server in the system. The data of buffered tables can thus be accessed
directly from the buffer of the application server. This avoids the time-consuming process of accessing the database.
Buffering is useful if table needs to be accessed more no. of times in a program.
ABAP Technical Interview Questions:
1. What is the typical structure of an ABAP program?
2. What are field symbols and field groups.? Have you used "component idx of structure" clause with field groups?
3. What should be the approach for writing a BDC program?
4. What is a batch input session?
5. What is the alternative to batch input session?
6. A situation: An ABAP program creates a batch input session. We need to submit the program and the batch session in background. How to do it?
7. What is the difference between a pool table and a transparent table and how they are stored at the database level?
8. What are the problems in processing batch input sessions? How is batch input process different from processing on line?
9. What do you define in the domain and data element?
10. What are the different types of data dictionary objects?
11. How many types of tables exist and what are they in data dictionary?
12. What is the step-by-step process to create a table in data dictionary?
13. Can a transparent table exist in data dictionary but not in the database physically?
14. What are the domains and data elements?
15. Can you create a table with fields not referring to data elements?
16. What is the advantage of structures? How do you use them in the ABAP programs?
17. What does an extract statement do in the ABAP program?
18. What is a collect statement? How is it different from append?
19. What is open sql vs native sql?
20. What does an EXEC SQL stmt do in ABAP? What is the disadvantage of using it?
21. What is the meaning of ABAP editor integrated with ABAP data dictionary?
22. What are the events in ABAP language?
23. What is an interactive report? What is the obvious diff of such report compared with classical type reports?
24. What is a drill down report?
25. How do you write a function module in SAP? Describe.
26. What are the exceptions in function module?
27. What is a function group?
28. How are the date abd time field values stored in SAP?
29. What are the fields in a BDC_Tab Table?
30. Name a few data dictionary objects?
31. What happens when a table is activated in DD?
32. What is a check table and what is a value table?
33. What are match codes? Describe?
34. What transactions do you use for data analysis?
35. What is table maintenance generator?
36. What are ranges? What are number ranges?
37. What are select options and what is the diff from parameters?
38. How do you validate the selection criteria of a report? And how do you display initial values in a selection screen?
39. What are selection texts?
40. What is CTS and what do you know about it?
41. When a program is created and need to be transported to prodn does selection texts always go with it? if not how do you make sure? Can you change the CTS entries? How do you do it?
42. What is the client concept in SAP? What is the meaning of client independent?
43. Are programs client dependent?
44. Name a few system global variables you can use in ABAP programs?
45. What are internal tables? How do you get the number of lines in an internal table? How to use a specific number occurs statement?
46. How do you take care of performance issues in your ABAP programs?
47. What are datasets?
48. How to find the return code of a stmt in ABAP programs?
49. What are interface/conversion programs in SAP?
50. Have you used SAP supplied programs to load master data?
2. Adapted from response by Maram Roja on Tuesday, June 15, 2004
1. What are the techniques involved in using SAP supplied programs? Do you prefer to write your own programs to load master data? Why?
2. What are logical databases? What are the advantages/disadvantages of logical databases?
3. What specific statements do you using when writing a drill down report?
4. What are different tools to report data in SAP? What all have you used?
5. What are the advantages and disadvantages of ABAP query tool?
6. What are the functional areas? User groups? How does ABAP query work in relation to these?
7. Is a logical database a requirement/must to write an ABAP query?
8. What is the structure of a BDC sessions.
9. What are Change header/detail tables? Have you used them?
10. What do you do when the system crashes in the middle of a BDC batch session?
11. What do you do with errors in BDC batch sessions?
12. How do you set up background jobs in SAP? What are the steps? What are the event driven batch jobs?
13. Is it possible to run host command from SAP environment? How do you run?
14. What kind of financial periods exist in SAP? What is the relevant table for that?
15. Does SAP handle multiple currencies? Multiple languages?
16. What is a currency factoring technique?
17. How do you document ABAP programs? Do you use program documentation menu option?
18. What is SAPscript and layout set?
19. What are the ABAP commands that link to a layout set?
20. What is output determination?
ABAP Interview Questions
1.Without using Tcode SE11, How can we enter the values in to the table???
2.What is the difference between Collect statement and Append Statement???
3.What do you mean by correction and Transportation system???
4.What is the difference between User Exits and BADI????
5.How can we identify User exits in our screen???
6.What do you mean by Inbound and Outbound interface???
7.In realtime do we configure ALE systems or Administator will take care of that??
8.How to release an object???
9.What is the flow of a Sales document???
10.What is the flow of Purchase order???
12.What is the flow of Invoice???
13.What are the standard IDOC's used???
14.What do you mean by table control???Where will we use this???
15.What are field symbols??Where will we use these symbols???
Deepti
1. There are other ways of entering data into a DB table. ex. B D C
2. Collect statement collect/adds the records basing on a key field. allows to create summarised data sets.
Append will append/add a record at the end of existing records
8. to release an object - use se10/se9
9. sales doc flow: S. A. - S. O. - Delivery - Billing
12. Delivery - invoice.
15. field symbols are used for dynamic allocation. at runtime u can assign a concrete field to field-symbol.
Kishore
1. you can go to abap editor (se38) and use insert statement for insertion update for update and modify for modifications.
2. collect will not allow duplicate entries, while append can allow duplicates.
3. if any changes are made to objects they are to be transported to different systems i.e, change and transport.
4. in user exits we go by general method for enhancements while BADIs we use objects (oops concepts)
methods for enhancement.
14. table controls are enhanced version for step loops where we can expand rows .main difference between these two
is step loop can be expanded to two lines table controls can`t.
15. field symbols are just like pointers concept which are used in C language. We use them when we want to refer to
the fields considered,it doesnt allocate any memory for it.
Venu Rapolu
1. Ans: Using BDC., LSMW,,ALE., BAPI
2. Ans: Collect: it adds the numeric fields to the existing non numeric key field records., thereby avoiding duplicate
values., and append will simply adds the record
3 . Ans: The CTS contains work bench organizer and transport system :
The workbench organizer is used to record and contol changes to the ABAP/4 development objects;
The transport system is used to move objects from an SAP dev.system to production system
6. Ans: Outbound interface is used to send IDocs to the ALE server.,
Inbound interface is used to Analyse the received Idoc.
7. Ans: We (ABAPers) don't do.
8. Ans: se09 or se10
13. Ans: MATMAS
CREMAS
DEBMAS
GLMAST etc...
14. Ans: to display records in table format., we use in Screens
15. Ans: we assign the field content at run time with ASSIGN stmt.
Satish D
1. goto se16 u can view the table contents
2. collect will collects all the numeric fields of nonnumeric field values
append will append record at the end of table
3. when we are creatiing new task like dev. a new prg.. after completion of dev. that will be trnsported to testing system or production system to do that we are assigning an
transport request from our dev.class(system) by using se09
4. badis are dev. by class and inheritence methods where as user exitsdev by SAP only and empty shells filled wit user logic
5. go to system then status
6. outbound generating an idoc in ale layer with master_idoc_create_messgetype,
inbound is receivng system with idoc_inbound_process, gives an return variable wether it is sucess or not
7. no we have to configur that
8. go to se09 or se01 there write your task no and use release button it will asks whats the other system name
and number enter them and relase by pressing jeep button
9. inquiry
quotation
sales order
shipping
delivery
invoice
return goods
12. after creation of delivry note invoice is prepared
13. master_idoc_distribute will generate standard idoc
Deepti
I am enclosing some of answers which I know.
1. We can use t.Code SE16 to enter values into table only if table maintainence is allowed for that table.
2. Append will add new entries into the table where as collect add into the numeric type fields if other charatcer fields
matches to your selection criteria.
3. CTS used for creation of ABAP development transport requests.The transaction code for this is SE10.
4. UserExits r used for adding additional functionality to the existing SAP standard transactions.Using UserExits we can add additional functionality standard SAP functionality without making any changes to the original code.BADI is a standardized interface for ABAP sources that enables partners and customers to enhance SAP-delivered programs in their namespace.
5 .We can identify User exits by using transactions CMOD and SMOD.
6. After entering transaction code SE10 select the transport request which u want to transport and click on transport icon(Truck symbol) to release it.
10. Purchase Requistion->RFQ->Vendor Evaluation->Purchase Order(ME21).
14. Table control is the only facility provide thru dialog programming when we come acrosse the use of updating standared,deletion,insertion and all database operations.
15. Field symbols r pointers to the existing data types(like 'C') which does not allocate any memory space. These are used faster access of data.
Answers to some ABAP Interview Questions:
Questions which I have faced in an interview:
1) What is runtime analysis? Have you used this?
2) What is meant by performance analysis? Have done anything to improve the performance?
3) How to transfer the objects? Have to transferred any objects?
4) How did you test the developed objects?
5) What is the difference between SAP Memory and ABAP Memory?
6) In order to upload Purchase order details, how you handle multiple values for a single field?
Eg: Item field may contain no. of values for a record
7) What is the procedure you followed to upload the data?
8) How did you handle errors in Call Transaction?
9) Among the Call Transaction and Session Method, which is faster?
10) What are the difference between Interactive and Drill Down Reports?
11) How to pass the variables to forms?
12) How to create a link between modified form and modified print program?
13) What is the table, which contain the details of all the name of the programs and forms?
14) How did you test the form u developed? How did you taken print?
15) What are Standard Texts?
16) What is the difference between Clustered Tables and Pooled Tables?
17) What is pf-status?
18) Among "Move" and "Move Corresponding", which is efficient one?
19) What are the output type and Tcodes?
20) Where we use Chain and Endchain?
21) Do you use select statement in loop endloop, how will be the performance? To improve the performance?
22) In select-options, how to get the default values as current month first date and last date by default?
Eg: 1/12/2004 and 31/12/2004
Go thru these answers:
1) What is runtime analysis? Have you used this?
It's checks program execution time in microseconds. When you go to se30.if you give desired program name in performance file. It will take you to below screen. You can get how much past is your program.
2) What is meant by performance analysis? Have done
3) How to transfer the objects? Have you transferred any objects?
4) How did you test the developed objects?
I was testing a developed object. There are two types of testing
- Negative testing
- Positive testing
In negative testing we will give negative data in input and we check any errors occurs.
In positive testing we will give positive data in input for checking errors.
8) How did you handle errors in Call Transaction?
We can create a internal table like 'bsgmcgcoll'. All the messages will go to internal table. We can get errors in this internal table.
Below messages are go to internal table. when you run the call transaction.
- Message type
- Message id
- Message Number
- Variable1
- Variable2
- Variable3
9) Among the Call Transaction and Session Method, which is faster?
Call transaction is faster then session method. But usually we use session method in real time...because we can transfer large amount of data from internal table to database and if any errors in a session. Process will not complete until session get correct.
10) What are the difference between Interactive and Drill Down Reports?
ABAP/4 provides some interactive events on lists such as AT LINE-SELECTION (double click) or AT USER-COMMAND (pressing a button). You can use these events to move through layers of information about individual items in a list.
Drill down report is nothing but interactive report...drilldown means above paragraph only.
11) How to pass the variables to forms?
12) What is the table, which contain the details of all the name of the programs and forms?
Table contains vertical and horizontal lines. We can store the data in table as blocks. We can scroll depends upon your wish. And these all are stored in database (data dictionary).
Which contain the details of all the name of the programs and forms? (I don't know).
13) How did you test the form u developed? How did you taken print?
14) What are Standard Texts?
16) What is the difference between Clustered Tables and Pooled Tables?
A pooled table is used to combine several logical tables in the ABAP/4 dictionary. Pooled tables are logical tables that must be assigned to a table pool when they are defined.
Cluster table are logical tables that must be assigned to a table cluster when they are defined.
Cluster table can be used to store control data they can also used to store temporary data or text such as documentation.
17) What is pf-status?
Pf status is used in interactive report for enhancing the functionality. If we go to se41, we can get menus, items and different function keys, which we are using for secondary list in interactive report.
18) Among "Move" and "Move Corresponding", which is efficient one?
I guess, 'move corresponding' is very efficient then 'move' statement. Because usually we use this stamtent for internal table fields only...so if we give move corresponding. Those fields only moving to other place (what ever you want).
19) What are the output type and Tcodes?
20) Where we use Chain and End chain?
21) Do you use select statement in loop end loop, how will be the performance? To improve the performance?
22) In select-options, how to get the default values as current month first date and last date by default?
Eg: 1/12/2004 and 31/12/2004
SAP ABAP interview questions
Thanks to the reader who sent in this question set:
1. What is an ABAP data dictionary?- ABAP 4 data dictionary describes the logical structures of the objects used in application development and shows how they are mapped to the underlying relational database in tables/views.
2. What are domains and data element?- Domains:Domain is the central object for describing the technical characteristics of an attribute of an business objects. It describes the value range of the field. Data Element: It is used to describe the semantic definition of the table fields like description the field. Data element describes how a field can be displayed to end-user.
3. What is foreign key relationship?- A relationship which can be defined between tables and must be explicitly defined at field level. Foreign keys are used to ensure the consistency of data. Data entered should be checked against existing data to ensure that there are now contradiction. While defining foreign key relationship cardinality has to be specified. Cardinality mentions how many dependent records or how referenced records are possible.
4. Describe data classes.- Master data: It is the data which is seldomly changed. Transaction data: It is the data which is often changed. Organization data: It is a customizing data which is entered in the system when the system is configured and is then rarely changed. System data:It is the data which R/3 system needs for itself.
5. What are indexes?- Indexes are described as a copy of a database table reduced to specific fields. This data exists in sorted form. This sorting form ease fast access to the field of the tables. In order that other fields are also read, a pointer to the associated record of the actual table are included in the index. Yhe indexes are activated along with the table and are created automatically with it in the database.
6. Difference between transparent tables and pooled tables.- Transparent tables: Transparent tables in the dictionary has a one-to-one relation with the table in database. Its structure corresponds to single database field. Table in the database has the same name as in the dictionary. Transparent table holds application data. Pooled tables. Pooled tables in the dictionary has a many-to-one relation with the table in database. Table in the database has the different name as in the dictionary. Pooled table are stored in table pool at the database level.
7. What is an ABAP/4 Query?- ABAP/4 Query is a powerful tool to generate simple reports without any coding. ABAP/4 Query can generate the following 3 simple reports: Basic List: It is the simple reports. Statistics: Reports with statistical functions like Average, Percentages. Ranked Lists: For analytical reports. - For creating a ABAP/4 Query, programmer has to create user group and a functional group. Functional group can be created using with or without logical database table. Finally, assign user group to functional group. Finally, create a query on the functional group generated.
8. What is BDC programming?- Transferring of large/external/legacy data into SAP system using Batch Input programming. Batch input is a automatic procedure referred to as BDC(Batch Data Communications).The central component of the transfer is a queue file which receives the data vie a batch input programs and groups associated data into sessions.
9. What are the functional modules used in sequence in BDC?- These are the 3 functional modules which are used in a sequence to perform a data transfer successfully using BDC programming: BDC_OPEN_GROUP - Parameters like Name of the client, sessions and user name are specified in this functional modules. BDC_INSERT - It is used to insert the data for one transaction into a session. BDC_CLOSE_GROUP - This is used to close the batch input session.
10. What are internal tables?- Internal tables are a standard data type object which exists only during the runtime of the program. They are used to perform table calculations on subsets of database tables and for re-organising the contents of database tables according to users need.
11. What is ITS? What are the merits of ITS?- ITS is a Internet Transaction Server. ITS forms an interface between HTTP server and R/3 system, which converts screen provided data by the R/3 system into HTML documents and vice-versa. Merits of ITS: A complete web transaction can be developed and tested in R/3 system. All transaction components, including those used by the ITS outside the R/3 system at runtime, can be stored in the R/3 system. The advantage of automatic language processing in the R/3 system can be utilized to language-dependent HTML documents at runtime.
12. What is DynPro?- DynPro is a Dynamic Programming which is a combination of screen and the associated flow logic Screen is also called as DynPro.
13. What are screen painter and menu painter?- Screen painter: Screen painter is a tool to design and maintain screen and its elements. It allows user to create GUI screens for the transactions. Attributes, layout, filed attributes and flow logic are the elements of Screen painter. Menu painter: Menu painter is a tool to design the interface components. Status, menu bars, menu lists, F-key settings, functions and titles are the components of Menu painters. Screen painter and menu painter both are the graphical interface of an ABAP/4 applications.
14. What are the components of SAP scripts?- SAP scripts is a word processing tool of SAP which has the following components: Standard text. It is like a standard normal documents. Layout sets. - Layout set consists of the following components: Windows and pages, Paragraph formats, Character formats. Creating forms in the R/3 system. Every layout set consists of Header, paragraph, and character string. ABAP/4 program.
15. What is ALV programming in ABAP? When is this grid used in ABAP?- ALV is Application List viewer. Sap provides a set of ALV (ABAP LIST VIEWER) function modules which can be put into use to embellish the output of a report. This set of ALV functions is used to enhance the readability and functionality of any report output. Cases arise in sap when the output of a report contains columns extending more than 255 characters in length. In such cases, this set of ALV functions can help choose selected columns and arrange the different columns from a report output and also save different variants for report display. This is a very efficient tool for dynamically sorting and arranging the columns from a report output. The report output can contain up to 90 columns in the display with the wide array of display options.
16. What are the events in ABAP/4 language?- Initialization, At selection-screen, Start-of-selection, end-of-selection, top-of-page, end-of-page, At line-selection, At user-command, At PF, Get, At New, At LAST, AT END, AT FIRST.
17. What is CTS and what do you know about it?- The Change and Transport System (CTS) is a tool that helps you to organize development projects in the ABAP Workbench and in Customizing, and then transport the changes between the SAP Systems and clients in your system landscape. This documentation provides you with an overview of how to manage changes with the CTS and essential information on setting up your system and client landscape and deciding on a transport strategy. Read and follow this documentation when planning your development project.
18. What are logical databases? What are the advantages/ dis-advantages of logical databases?- To read data from a database tables we use logical database. A logical database provides read-only access to a group of related tables to an ABAP/4 program. Advantages: i)check functions which check that user input is complete, correct,and plausible. ii)Meaningful data selection. iii)central authorization checks for database accesses. iv)good read access performance while retaining the hierarchical data view determined by the application logic. dis advantages: i)If you donot specify a logical database in the program attributes,the GET events never occur. ii)There is no ENDGET command,so the code block associated with an event ends with the next event statement (such as another GET or an END-OF-SELECTION).
19. What is a batch input session?- BATCH INPUT SESSION is an intermediate step between internal table and database table. Data along with the action is stored in session ie data for screen fields, to which screen it is passed, program name behind it, and how next screen is processed.
20. How to upload data using CATT ?- These are the steps to be followed to Upload data through CATT: Creation of the CATT test case & recording the sample data input. Download of the source file template. Modification of the source file. Upload of the data from the source file.
21. What is Smart Forms?- Smart Forms allows you to create forms using a graphical design tool with robust functionality, color, and more. Additionally, all new forms developed at SAP will be created with the new Smart Form solution.
22. How can I make a differentiation between dependent and independent data?- Client dependent or independent transfer requirements include client specific or cross client objects in the change requests. Workbench objects like SAPscripts are client specific, some entries in customizing are client independent. If you display the object list for one change request, and then for each object the object attributes, you will find the flag client specific. If one object in the task list has this flag on, then that transport will be client dependent.
23. What is the difference between macro and subroutine? - Macros can only be used in the program the are defined in and only after the definition are expanded at compilation / generation. Subroutines (FORM) can be called from both the program the are defined in and other programs . A MACRO is more or less an abbreviation for some lines of code that are used more than once or twice. A FORM is a local subroutine (which can be called external). A FUNCTION is (more or less) a subroutine that is called external. Since debugging a MACRO is not really possible, prevent the use of them (Ive never used them, but seen them in action). If the subroutine is used only local (called internal) use a FORM. If the subroutine is called external (used by more than one program) use a FUNCTION.
Please check these links.
http://www.sap-img.com/abap/abap-interview-question.htm
http://www.sap-img.com/abap/answers-to-some-abap-interview-questions.htm
http://sap.ittoolbox.com/documents/document.asp?i=3240
http://www.techinterviews.com/?p=198
http://www.sapbrain.com/FAQs/TECHNICAL/SAP_ABAP_DATADICTIONARY_FAQ.html
http://www.****************/InterviewQ/interviewQ.htm
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_46c/helpdata/en/35/2cd77bd7705394e10000009b387c12/frameset.htm
http://www.techinterviews.com/?p=198
http://www.techinterviews.com/?p=326
http://www.sap-img.com/abap/answers-to-some-abap-interview-questions.htm
http://www.sap-img.com/abap/more-than-100-abap-interview-faqs.htm
http://www.geekinterview.com/Interview-Questions/SAP-R-3/ABAP
http://sap.ittoolbox.com/documents/popular-q-and-a/abap-sample-interview-questions-3240
http://www.sap-img.com/abap/abap-interview-question.htm
http://www.allinterview.com/Interview-Questions/ABAP.html
regards,
srinivas -
FAQ's, intros and memorable discussions in the ABAP Data Dictionary Forum
Welcome to the SDN ABAP Data Dictionary Forum!
In addition to release dependent information avalaible by:
- pressing the F1 key on an ABAP statement,
- or searching for them in transaction ABAPDOCU,
- using the [SDN ABAP Development Forum Search|https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/directforumsearch?threadid=&q=&objid=c42&daterange=all&numresults=15&rankby=10001],
- the information accessible via the [SDN ABAP Main Wiki|https://wiki.sdn.sap.com/wiki/display/ABAP],
- the [SAP Service Marketplace|http://service.sap.com] and see [SAP Note 192194|https://service.sap.com/sap/support/notes/192194] for search tips,
- the 3 part [How to write guru ABAP code series|https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/go/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/f2dac69e-0e01-0010-e2b6-81c1e8e5ce50] ... (use the search to easily find the other 2 documents...)
... this "sticky post" lists some threads from the ABAP forums as:
- An introduction for new members / visitors on topics discussed in threads,
- An introduction to how the forums are used and the quality expected,
- A collection of some threads which provided usefull answers to questions which are frequently asked, and,
- A collection of some memorable threads if you feel like reading some ABAP related material.
The listed threads will be enhanced from time to time. Please feel welcome to post to [this thread|Suggestions thread for ABAP FAQ sticky; to suggest any additional inclusions.
Note: When asking a question in the forum, please also provide sufficient information such that the question can be answered usefully, do not repeat interview-type questions, and once closed please indicate which solution was usefull - to help others who search for it.
ABAP Dictionary
Modifying SAP Tables directly => Direct SAP table changes, internal only warnings, and other DDIC risks....
RTTS dynamic DB table reference, how? => Dynamically assigning a DB table reference.
retreive data from table pool and table cluster => What works and what not to access table clusters and pools.
Must i_structure_name for LVC_FIELDCATALOG_MERGE be pre-defined in dict? => Convert SLIS to LVC, or convert DDIC standards.Welcome to the SDN ABAP Data Dictionary Forum!
In addition to release dependent information avalaible by:
- pressing the F1 key on an ABAP statement,
- or searching for them in transaction ABAPDOCU,
- using the [SDN ABAP Development Forum Search|https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/directforumsearch?threadid=&q=&objid=c42&daterange=all&numresults=15&rankby=10001],
- the information accessible via the [SDN ABAP Main Wiki|https://wiki.sdn.sap.com/wiki/display/ABAP],
- the [SAP Service Marketplace|http://service.sap.com] and see [SAP Note 192194|https://service.sap.com/sap/support/notes/192194] for search tips,
- the 3 part [How to write guru ABAP code series|https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/go/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/f2dac69e-0e01-0010-e2b6-81c1e8e5ce50] ... (use the search to easily find the other 2 documents...)
... this "sticky post" lists some threads from the ABAP forums as:
- An introduction for new members / visitors on topics discussed in threads,
- An introduction to how the forums are used and the quality expected,
- A collection of some threads which provided usefull answers to questions which are frequently asked, and,
- A collection of some memorable threads if you feel like reading some ABAP related material.
The listed threads will be enhanced from time to time. Please feel welcome to post to [this thread|Suggestions thread for ABAP FAQ sticky; to suggest any additional inclusions.
Note: When asking a question in the forum, please also provide sufficient information such that the question can be answered usefully, do not repeat interview-type questions, and once closed please indicate which solution was usefull - to help others who search for it.
ABAP Dictionary
Modifying SAP Tables directly => Direct SAP table changes, internal only warnings, and other DDIC risks....
RTTS dynamic DB table reference, how? => Dynamically assigning a DB table reference.
retreive data from table pool and table cluster => What works and what not to access table clusters and pools.
Must i_structure_name for LVC_FIELDCATALOG_MERGE be pre-defined in dict? => Convert SLIS to LVC, or convert DDIC standards. -
Migration from OS/400 (iseries) case in-sensitive OS to UNIX (AIX) case sensitive
Apparently as400 is not case sensitive OS, AIX is so this is causing issues after the migration to UNIX (AIX). What do you recommend for analysis of what will need correction in SAP system - config / tables entries / variants / code? Is there a way to make UNIX files case insensitive?
Hi Vinoth,
Source System:
SAP Application: Solution Manager 7.1
Database : DB2 UDB for iseries 7.1
OS : OS/400
Target System:
SAP Application: Solution Manager 7.1
Database : DB2 LUW 9.7
OS : Rethat Linux 6
Above migration path is possible and support in SAP. For more details on compatibility please refer PAM www.service.sap.com/PAM
To perform this migration refer to Heterogenous system copy guide available at SAP service marketplace.
Useful documents on SCN
Heterogeneous ABAP System Copy - Technical Overview
FAQ - System Copy and Migration
Hope this helps.
Regards,
Deepak Kori -
PO LONG TEXT of Length 400+ char
Hello ABAPers,
I have a case where i want to update the PO_Long_Text field in MM02. The Text Editor in the Po Long Text screen can take only 72 char per line and an internal tables variable to which I will import my actual long text of approx 400 char.Since a CHAR variable can take max of 256 chars only,I will have to break the Long text into 2 parts. How can I achieve this? Any idea/hint?
Regards,
Bhavin P ShahHello,
Unfortunately, there is no possibility to change the length to more than 60. This is because all interfaces are based on 60 characters and the storage on the database is 60. Please refer to the attached SAP notes :
545923 FAQ: Technical limits/customer namespace/p
540868 Technical limits for characteristics
Best Regards,
Des -
G4/400 Tiger freeze when resizing a window.
Hello all,
I'm helping a friend move from System 8 to Tiger on his G4/400 "Sawtooth" model. The machine is somewhat usable but it is awfully touchy and the keyboard and mouse freeze seemingly at random. However if I open a Finder window, and resize it, it will happen pretty much every time.
I suspected the video card or driver, and he's willing to upgrade the card, but I haven't yet seen anything on these forums or elsewhere to suggest that a Rage 128 should be a problem. I don't think he had such issues with System 8, but I'm not sure.
I've tried most of the standard checks: hardware test, disk utility, etc. though I need to repeat them with the added RAM out.
Any suggestions?
thanks
-M
Powermac G4/400 "Sawtooth" Mac OS X (10.4.6) original mouse, keyboard, and VGA monitorDid you update the firmware (to Boot ROM version 4.2.8) before installing Tiger? See Mac OS X: Available firmware updates
http://docs.info.apple.com/article.html?artnum=86117
Did you use a universal install CD or a CD from another Mac model?
OS X is really "picky" about the "quality" of RAM. Many RAM modules that operate OK in classic OS do not operate OK in OS X. How much RAM is installed & does it all show up in the About This Mac/Apple System Profiler when you boot in Tiger? Check with the added RAM out.
Are you getting the Kernal Panic messages. Here's some links to look at:
What's a "kernel panic"? (Mac OS X)
http://docs.info.apple.com/article.html?artnum=106227
Mac OS X Kernel Panic FAQ
http://www.macmaps.com/kernelpanic.html
Mac OS X Kernel Panic FAQ
http://www.index-site.com/kernelpanic.html
Resolving Kernel Panics
http://www.thexlab.com/faqs/kernelpanics.html
Troubleshooting
The X Lab (Troubleshooting & Maintenance of OS X)
http://www.thexlab.com/faqs/faqs.html
Apple's Mac OS X Troubleshooting 101
http://www.apple.com/support/mac101/help/
OS X Routine Maintenance & Generic Troubleshooting
http://www.macattorney.com/ts.html
Prevent Mac Disasters
http://www.macworld.com/2005/01/features/preventmacdisasters/index.php
Cheers, Tom -
AS/400 connectivity using java by jt400 api
I am making a project on Java Swing. I am having an AS/400 machine i am saving the spool files on AS/400 Machine as .txt and accessing it from a remote Windows Machine. I have made an UI to connect it to the AS/400 machine using JT400 API's. I am having 300 spool files(.txt) in the library on AS/400 machine. I m accessing this library to get the list of spool files basically .txt files. Now I am using JT400 OpenAsynchronously method but the program gets hanged over there and displays on 25 files. I don't know what to do please help
Akhil
Code:--------------------------------------------------
public Vector listSpooledFiles()
Vector rowData = new Vector();
// this.printQue = printQue;
try
String strSpooledFileName;
boolean fCompleted = false;
int listed = 0, size;
System.out.println(" inside method....1");
//System.out.println("Now receiving all spool files synchrously");
SpooledFileList splfList = new SpooledFileList(as400);
splfList.setUserFilter(userId);
//if((printQue.equalsIgnoreCase("*ALL"))||(printQue.equals("")))
//if((printQue.equalsIgnoreCase("*ALL")))
splfList.setQueueFilter("/QSYS.LIB/%ALL%.LIB/%ALL%.OUTQ");
// else
//splfList.setQueueFilter("/QSYS.LIB/%LIBL%.LIB/"+printQue+".OUTQ");
//splfList.setQueueFilter("/QSYS.LIB/%LIBL%.LIB");
// wait for the list to complete
//splfList.waitForListToComplete();
// add the listener.
System.out.println(" inside method....2");
splfList.addPrintObjectListListener(this);
System.out.println(" inside method....3");
// open the list, openAsynchronously returns immediately
splfList.openAsynchronously();
System.out.println(" inside method....4");
do
System.out.println(" inside do....1");
// wait for the list to have at least 25 objects or to be done
waitForWakeUp();
System.out.println(" inside method....1.2");
fCompleted = splfList.isCompleted();
System.out.println(" inside method....1.3");
size = splfList.size();
System.out.println(" inside method....1.4");
System.out.println(size+"::size of files");
//System.out.println("sizeOfList......"+size);
// output the names of all objects added to the list
// since we last woke up
while (listed < size)
System.out.println(" inside method....1.5");
if (fListError)
System.out.println(" ..Exception on list - " + listException);
break;
System.out.println(" inside method....1.6");
SpooledFile splf = (SpooledFile)splfList.getObject(listed++);
} while (!fCompleted);
System.out.println(size+"::Size");
//splfList.removePrintObjectListListener(this);
System.out.println(" inside method....1.7");
Enumeration enum = splfList.getObjects();
System.out.println(" inside method....1.8");
while(enum.hasMoreElements())
SpooledFile splf = (SpooledFile) enum.nextElement();
if(splf != null)
Vector tmp = new Vector();
String fileName = splf.getStringAttribute(SpooledFile.ATTR_SPOOLFILE);
int fileNo = splf.getNumber();
String jobName = splf.getJobName();
String jobUser = splf.getJobUser();
String jobNo = splf.getJobNumber();
Integer page =splf.getIntegerAttribute(SpooledFile.ATTR_PAGES);
String date=splf.getStringAttribute(SpooledFile.ATTR_DATE);
String time=splf.getStringAttribute(SpooledFile.ATTR_TIME);
date=date.substring(1);
StringBuffer sbdate= new StringBuffer(date);
sbdate=sbdate.insert(2,"/");
sbdate=sbdate.insert(5, "/");
StringBuffer sbtime=new StringBuffer(time);
sbtime=sbtime.insert(2,":");
sbtime=sbtime.insert(5,":");
date=sbdate.toString();
time=sbtime.toString();
if((!fileName.equals("QPJOBLOG")) && (!fileName.equals("QPDSPJOB")) && (!fileName.equals("QPSRVDMP")))
// For the JCheckBox
tmp.addElement(new Boolean(false));
tmp.addElement(fileName);
tmp.addElement(new Integer(fileNo));
tmp.addElement(jobName);
tmp.addElement(jobUser);
tmp.addElement(jobNo);
tmp.addElement(page);
tmp.addElement(date);
tmp.addElement(time);
rowData.addElement(tmp);
splfList.close();
catch( ExtendedIllegalStateException ex )
System.out.println(" The list was closed before it completed!");
catch( Exception e )
// ...handle any other exceptions...
e.printStackTrace();
return rowData;
//return arrRowData;
// This is where the foreground thread waits to be awaken by the
// the background thread when the list is updated or it ends.
private synchronized void waitForWakeUp()
throws InterruptedException
// don''t go back to sleep if the listener says the list is done
if (!fListCompleted)
wait();
// The following methods implement the PrintObjectListListener interface
// This method is invoked when the list is closed.
public void listClosed(PrintObjectListEvent event)
System.out.println("*****The list was closed*****");
fListClosed = true;
synchronized(this)
// Set flag to indicate that the list has
// completed and wake up foreground thread.
fListCompleted = true;
notifyAll();
// This method is invoked when the list is completed.
public void listCompleted(PrintObjectListEvent event)
System.out.println("*****The list has completed*****");
synchronized (this)
// Set flag to indicate that the list has
// completed and wake up foreground thread.
fListCompleted = true;
notifyAll();
// This method is invoked if an error occurs while retrieving
// the list.
public void listErrorOccurred(PrintObjectListEvent event)
System.out.println("*****The list had an error*****");
fListError = true;
listException = event.getException();
synchronized(this)
// Set flag to indicate that the list has
// completed and wake up foreground thread.
fListCompleted = true;
notifyAll();
// This method is invoked when the list is opened.
public void listOpened(PrintObjectListEvent event)
System.out.println("*****The list was opened*****");
listObjectCount = 0;
// This method is invoked when an object is added to the list.
public void listObjectAdded(PrintObjectListEvent event)
// every 25 objects we'll wake up the foreground
// thread to get the latest objects...
if( (++listObjectCount % 1) == 0 )
//System.out.println("*****1 more objects added to the list*****");
synchronized (this)
// wake up foreground thread
notifyAll();
}Hi,
You could try posting with the code tags (http://forum.java.sun.com/faq.jsp#format). Few people are prepared to read that much code without pretty formatting.
Check out this forum aswell, it is dedicated to JT400: http://www-912.ibm.com/j_dir/JTOpen.nsf/By+Date?OpenView -
I purchased, the 400 minute per month plan. I can'...
I purchased, the 400 minute per month plan. I can't make a phone call, and talk for two minutes, Without running out of skype credit. There's a problem with your system. I'm not receiving the benefits of what I paid for.
My regards,
goodshepherd9I think you may need to contact customer service regarding that matter. Just open the link pasted below to see the instructions on how to get in touch with customer service -
https://support.skype.com/en/faq/FA1170/how-can-i-contact-skype-customer-service
IF YOU FOUND OUR POST USEFUL THEN PLEASE GIVE "KUDOS". IF IT HELPED TO FIX YOUR ISSUE PLEASE MARK IT AS A "SOLUTION" TO HELP OTHERS. THANKS!
ALTERNATIVE SKYPE DOWNLOAD LINKS | HOW TO RECORD SKYPE VIDEO CALLS | HOW TO HANDLE SUSPICIOS CALLS AND MESSAGES -
send fa's in sd module
Hello Srikanth,
<b>The following are few important FAQ's that i came across -</b>
<b>In R/3 you can represent a company's structure by defining and assigning corporate structure elements. What is the purpose of doing that?</b>
Enterprise organization diagram. Chart showing the organizational structure of an enterprise, its organization units and how they are related. A combined structure can be created from the point of view of accounting, MM, SD. This structure forms a framework in which all business transactions can be processed.
<b>Which three organizational elements make up a sales area and briefly explain their function?</b>
Sales organization: An organizational unit that sells and distributes products, negotiates terms of sale, and is responsible for these transactions.
Distribution channel: Channel through which salable materials or services reach customers. Typical distribution channels include wholesale, retail and direct sales. You can assign a distribution channel to one or more sales organizations.
Division: Product groups can be defined for a wide-ranging spectrum of products. For every division you can make customer-specific agreements on, for example, partial deliveries, pricing and terms of payment. Within a division you can carry out statistical analyses or set up separate marketing.
<b>Name the three internal organizational elements within a sales organization and briefly explain their function.</b>
Sales Office. Geographical aspects of the organization in business development and sales are defined using the term sales office. A sales office can be considered as a subsidiary.
Sales offices are assigned to sales areas. If you enter a sales order for a sales office within a certain sales area, the sales office must be assigned to that area.
Sales Group. The staff of a sales office may be subdivided into sales groups. For example, sales groups can be defined for individual divisions.
Salespersons. Individual personnel master records are used to manage data about salespersons. You can assign a sales person to a sales group in the personnel master record.
<b>What does the term "business area" refer to and how can it be used?</b>
Business Area. The system posts costs and revenue according to the business area. The business area can be equivalent to the:
- sales area (if the accounts are to be posted according to sales)
- plant/division (if the accounts are to be posted according to products)
The business area is defined in Customizing for Sales.
o Business area. A unit in an enterprise, grouping product and market combinations as homogeneously as possible for the purpose of developing unified business policy.
o Financial Accounting (FI). A business area is an organizational unit within financial accounting which represents a separate area of operations or responsibilities within an organization. Financial accounting transactions can be allocated to a specific business area.
<b>Briefly explain the relationship between sales organizations and company codes.</b>
Many to One.
<b>What is the central organizational element in purchasing?</b>
Purchasing Organization.
<b>Explain the relationship between sales organizations and plants.</b> Many to Many.
<b>Explain the relationship between sales organizations, plants and company codes.</b>
Many to Many to One.
Can one business area be assigned to several company codes? Which (sub) module of SAP could make business areas obsolete?
Yes in CO .
What is a credit control area? What relationship exists between credit control areas and company codes?
Credit control area. Organizational unit in an organization that specifies and checks credit limits for customers. A credit control area can include one or more company codes. It is not possible to assign a company code to more than one credit control areas.
Which organizational element is central in shipping? Give a definition of it.
Shipping Point: Organizational unit at a fixed location that carries out shipping activities. A shipping point could, for example, be a company's mail department or a plant's rail depot. Each delivery is processed by only one shipping point.
Give a definition of plant (in SAP).
Organizational unit within Logistics, serving to subdivide an enterprise according to production, procurement, maintenance, and materials planning aspects.
A plant is a place where either materials are produced or goods and services provided.
Classification: Business object
Structure: A plant can assume a variety of roles:
As a maintenance plant, it includes the maintenance objects that are spatially located within this plant. The maintenance tasks that are to be performed are specified within a maintenance planning plant.
As a retail or wholesale site, it makes merchandise available for distribution and sale.
As a rule, the plant is the organizational unit for material valuation.
The preferred shipping point for a plant is defined as the default shipping point, which depends on the shipping condition and the loading condition.
For the placement of materials in storage (stock put-away), a storage location is assigned to a plant. The storage location depends on the storage condition and the stock placement situation.
The business area that is responsible for a valuation area is determined as a function of the division. As a rule, a valuation area corresponds to a plant.
Can you assign two different sales organization to the same company code?
Yes.
To what do you assign distribution channels and divisions?
Sales Organizations.
What are the highest organizational units in SD, MM.PP,FI,CO?
SD: Sales Organizations.
M: Plant
PP: Plant
FI: Company Code
CO: Controlling Area
Can you further subdivide a plant? If yes into what?
A plant can be subdivided into storage locations, allowing stocks of materials to be broken down according to predefined criteria (e.g., location and materials planning aspects).
A plant can be subdivided into locations and operational areas. Subdivision into locations takes geographical criteria into account, whereas subdivision into operational areas reflects responsibilities for production.
Can a sales organization sell from a plant belonging to a different company code?
Yes.
How many shipping points can you assign to a plant?
Many.
How many shipping points can you assign to a sales organization?
None.
If you have a warehouse management system active, to what would you assign the warehouse number?
Plant & Storage Location.
<b>Rebate Agreement</b>
1. Which agreement type I should consider, is this custmer rebate(0003), material rebate(0002) or Rebate on the basis of sales volume(0005), because here client is not offering rebate on Sales volume in rupees or dollar. He is only concerned with totat sales in kiloleter(Quantity). As per rebate agreement concern rebate is offered in percentage. Please guide me for my scenario.
If your distributors are fewer (far less than 900 materials) then you should go for only customer rebate.
2. Guide me for conditions types and scale basis for maintaining condition records.
When creating customer rebates (T:VB01) select customer rebate, there you will see a header tab: Conditions , click it add how many customers you want. For each customer you can create scale based conditions (under the heading tab :Scales).
3. Is it necesary to maintain condition record for every material and every customer defining the scale? Because in this scennario client is going for incentives scheme for each material and each customer (distrbutor).
No need to create condition record for every material if you create customer rebate.
<b>Customer Master</b>
How to create the customer master?
The following are the T-codes for central creation of customer master.
XD01 Create Customer (Centrally)
XD02 Change Customer (Centrally)
XD03 Display Customer (Centrally)
XD04 Customer Changes (Centrally)
XD05 Block customer (centrally)
XD06 Mark customer for deletion (centr.)
XD07 Change Customer Account Group
XD99 Customer master mass maintenance
XDN1 Maintain Number Ranges (Customer)
You need to identify various parameters within each Account group based on which the reco account is identified within the customer master.
Customer master is basically divided into 3 tabs.
- General - General master details, Juristiction codes, Region, Transportation zone, export data, etc.
- Company data - payment terms, account management, reco account, insurance etc.
- Sales data - Sales product attributes, sales office, sales group, customer pricing procedure, Cust. Statistical grp,
- Shipping data
- Billing data
- Partner functions.
You can create a customer based on 3 views:
1. For Account purpose
FD01/FD02/FD03 etc
2. Sales purpose
XD01/XD02/XD03 etc.
3. Centrally
VD01/VD02/VD03 etc.
What is the Function of item category and item category group?
Item Category determines the processing of any Item/material that we enter in a sales order and in this way it also effects the procesing of any sales doc in which it is used.
Item Category Group is one of the component which along with the Sales Doc Type, The Item Usage and Higher Level Item Category decide about the Item Category in a sales doc.
1. How can we know whether the customer is one-time or regular?
One can maintain Account Group for One-time customers. By which we can identify one-time customers.
2. What happens when you do not enter a value for a manual and mandatory condition type?
The pricing procedure will reject the conditions in the sales order
3. Do header condition type have an access sequence?
No
4. Org structure:
Relation between Company - Sales org
One-to-Many
Sales Org - Plants & company vs. Plants
Company - sales org - credit control area
What are sales area and its components?
Sales area consists of Sales Organisation, Distribution Channel and Division.
5. What are legacy systems?
The Existing system on which current system is working, from which the current system will be migrated to SAP system
6. What is cut over strategy?
Cutover strategy depends upon how the organizations design their data load strategies. Normally, you decide the sequence of Data loads for Configuration settings, Master data, Transaction data which follows whom and then you make a copy of the system as a Production system a day before and after checking the successful data loads, you go-live 100% or partial again depending upon organizational setup and policies.
Cutover planning is highly site specific. There's no thumb rule. The stock data as on the date of going live should be correctly entered. But stock being a highly dynamic quantity, the strategy for loading should be crystal clear. Then you have to load all the back dated transaction on the stock. Some stock comes into your plant/storage location as return and some stock is actually delivered to your customer through sales orders of various kinds.
7. What are Cumulative Condition Records?
There is a field:- "condition update" during configuration for a condition type (at v/06)... has it anything to do with cumulative condn. Records?
8. IF you have 3 different access sequences for one condition record then in a pricing procedure in what hierarchy will you maintain the three accesses?
In Condition Records (T Code VK11), you would be putting values to corresponding Condition Types. Now one Condition Type can be assigned to one access sequence. In Access Sequence, you can assign whichever tables and fields are required.
So in my opinion, you cannot have one condition record for 3 access sequences.
9. What happens in the access sequence when you put all the ticks in the exclusive field?
When you put tick in exclusive field of all access sequences, in my opinion, it will try to get available data from the first. Only in case, data is not available, will it move on to the next one.
10. What is meant by delivery group?
Delivery Group is basically grouping all individual deliveries for Billing. It should have the same Ship to Party, Shipping Point, etc.
SAP SD Tips by : Moyin
11. What triggers the automatic creation of PR or PO in case of third party sales?
In item category we can set "automatic PO" so that PO and PR will automatically generate after saving the order.
You never change the item category configuration to "automatic PO". It is the schedule line category type which triggers the automatic PR creation. - Evilboy
12. What are the steps that are required to include sales person as a partner function in the partner determination?
Partner function sales represenative or person responsible these two we can add through partner funtion in partner procedure.
13. What is z transaction?
We copied standard TC or object and rename it by Z its basically stnd name which will start from Z (User defined)
14. Can you create sales order for 40 items if the quotation is sent for 30 items?
Yes.
15. What is the importance of requirment field in access sequence?
System will not go to asscess condition type system will reply through formula.
16. What makes the immediate delivery in cash sales?
Order type immediate delivery switch on.
What exactly is automatic posting can you explain?
Automatic posting could be, posting of accounting documents to FICO once invoice is created which can also be controlled manually. Automatiaclly detremine the freight while pricing in ship doc. and post to the relevant account to fico. usually automatic posting is posting of documents to FICO based on variuos account keys and account groups.
2. How many clients we will create in land scape (like in development server, quality server, production server )
if we are creating more than one in each server what is exact use of that client.
2. Client landscape : Basic layout : dev -testing- production also
- Sandbox env. for trial and error
- Development env. for actaully creating transports(CTS)
- Global env. If you have global implementations at different client locations (eg; canada, US, UK) (for testing purposes with actual master dataas well)
- Testing env.(for regression testing purposes before moving to prodcution, integration etc..)
- Prod. env. the actual production system
The clients could be variable and could be created to a specific env. usually a dev. where abap, functional would mess around. say :
client 100-functinal consultants
client 300- abapers
client 400- other users(like super etc)
3. How we will configure export sales in sd (respect to plants assign and sales process)?
4. How we can do invoice split depending on item category in which scenario we will use?
You first need to go for copying controls either from sales to billing (invoice) or delivery to billing or billing to billing
use transactions (vtaa,vtaf,vtla,vtfa,vtfl,vtff) all possibilities for copy controls. this basicly is flow of doc to doc. (may it be sales to billing, del to bil, or bil to bil etc..)
-> this is where you see the Item category and you control whether split is possible or not with the indicator"B". eg: representing split in invoice based on item category. The field here "data VBRK/VBRP" (headre/item)whcih actually is used for splits or combining different deliveries. create a splitting rule using VOFM (you need access key to get here). Here you define comparisions for the fields at header table and item tables and the comparision fields say SPART"division". "purchase order "BSTKD Instance: 5 sales orders combined into 2 deliveries and the split at the invoice would be 5 individual billing with respect to fields PO and DIv. of each sales order would let you create 5 billings. You need to define the exact "field" in the comparisions both at header and item level that could lead to invoice split. the key here is the field that is different
from header to item will cause split at the item level.
5. Can any one explain how we will configure milestone billing , periodic billing and which scenario we will use?
Menu path:
IMG->sales &distr->Billing->billing plans->define billing plan types.
You set the start date and end dates if applicable to the type of billing you are using. What time to be billed (end of month, start of month etc..)
Milestone is a billing plan type where a customer is billed for the amount distributed between the dates until total value is reached eg: if the total billing amountis 1000 USD for a year. You will bill the customer in different amounts say 200, 500, 300 at different intervals as per customer agreement.
On the other hand Periodic billling is billing the customer for the total amount(here 1000 USD) at regular intervals peridically until the customer agreement is reached. eg: 1000/12 for a 1 year agreement and say billed at the 1st day of every month.
6. What are some pricing routines and sd functional specs?
Form routines for prcing and variuos other functions can be maintained form routines are something todo with ABAP code.
Go to (VOFM) where all requrements whcih are represented by form routines can be maintained. Requrements are available to be assigned where access sequenses are used (for determination procedures, here pricing).
Once the tcode VOFM is accessed you will see requrements and go select "pricing" again you need access key to create your own or copy a routine.
Say you want header price not to have effect the item pricing, you need to go to the program to change abap code to meet the requirement. this specific requirement you created will be assigned in the pricing proc. determination "requirements field"
usaully with a number beyond 600. Note: make sure you activate your routine for its effect to take place.
What is the movement type you used in consignment process?
632, 633, 634, 631
Can team size be 40 in a project? Is there any generalized team size no. for any project? If we tell my team size is 40 in that what no. we can say sd people are?
Team size cant be forty, Theres no genralized size of team. Never
40 sd consultants work together on same project.
What is ALE?
Application Linking and Enabling - Generally ABAPers work on it.
What is meant by condition technique: can we say it is the combination of condition types, access sequence and condition tables?
yes
Where do we can find pricing procedure indicator in sd ?
Pricing procedure is where we maintain all Conditions (like PR00, K004, mwst, kp00, etc)
Where do we assign calender in the master records?
In IMG screen Global Settings.
What is the importance of customer account groups?
We maintain the customer account to maintain payment terms and incoterms. Lets say, if SP is only booking order but the goods should deliver in foreign country and for which SP is not going to bare the excise and other taxes then the SH party or payer will tke teh responsibity then the tax is calculated based on account groups.
What are incoterms? Where do we fix them? Where do you find in regular process?
Incoterms or international comm. terms and u find in CMR - Sales area Data - billing Tab.
How can you make some of the fields as key field in generic tables?
Some fields in all tables have a indicator on it.To see, then go to SE11, display VBAK, u will find MANDT on top, if you see after description 2 tick marks, those are key fields. Gernerally, these key fields are used in writing any Program or Interface. The key fields will extract data of non key fields .
What is the standard group condition routine in condition type, what is its importance?
Its better u read Group Conditions in PR00.
How do you control entry possibility of condition values at order through condition type settings?
You can maintain the maximum and minimum value for all conditions.
What are the customizing settings in pricing procedure for tax condition type?
Check out the standard pricing procedure RVAA01 - MWST.
A bunch of data need to be imported. A huge no.of creations are required, how it is possible in SAP?
thru LSMW, BAPI.
What is the difference between PGI cancellation and returns order?
PGI cancellation is done before the transportation of goods. But return order means its already transported reached customer during transit if materil is spoiled or broke or the goods r not delivered as per customer requested date.then customer send the goods baack to company.
What is the integrated areas in SD AND FI, SD AND MM, SD AND PP in both implementation and support projects?
SD & FI - Possible in Account Determination, for posting the conditions to revelant G/l account like all prices goes to one particular g/l account. Also in Credit Management, Taxes.
SD & MM - Possible in Batches, Material Requirement Planning.
SD & PP - Possible in Material Requirement planning.
<b>Reward if helps</b>
Regards
Sai -
hi,
i want abap faq's which is used to face an interview, please help me, the different types of questions asked in the interview. please send an attachment to my mail my mail id is [email protected]
thanks and regards
chandra sekhar.1. How data is stored in cluster table?
Each field of cluster table behaves as tables which contains the no. of entries.
2. What are client dependant objects in abap/sap?
SAP Script layout, text element, and some DDIC objects.
3. On which even we can validate the input fields in module progams?
In PAI (Write field statement on field you want to validate, if you want to validate group of fields put in chain and End chain statement.)
4. In selection screen I have three fields, plant mat no and material group. If I input plant how do I get the mat no and material group based on plant dynamically?
AT SELECTION-SCREEN ON VALUE-REQUEST FOR MATERIAL.
CALL FUNCTION 'F4IF_INT_TABLE_VALUE_REQUEST' to get material and material group for the plant.
5. How do you get output from IDOC?
Data in IDOc is stored in segments, the output from Idoc is obtained by reading the data stored in its respective segments.
6. When top of the page event is triggered?
After excuteing first write statement in start-of-selection event.
7. Can we create field without data element and how?
In SE11 one option is available above the fields strip. Data element/ direct type.
8. How do we debug sapscript?
Go to SE71 give lay set name , go to utilities select debugger mode on.
9. Which transaction code can I used to analyze the performance of ABAP program.
TCode AL21.
10. How can I copy a standard table to make my own z_table.
Go to transaction SE11. Then there is one option to copy table. Press that button. Enter the name of the standard table and in the Target table enter Z table name and press enter.
Following are some of the answers which I gave upto my knowledge.
1. What is the use of 'outerjoin'
Ans. With the use of outer join you can join the tables even there is no entry in all the tables used in the view.
In case of inner join there should be an entry in al the tables use in the view.
2. When to use logical database?
Ans. Advantage of Logical databases:
less coding s required to retrieve data compared to normal internel tables.
Tables used LDB are in hierarchial structure.
3. What is the use of 'table index'?
Ans .Index is used for faster access of data base tables.
4. What is the use of 'FOR ALL ENTRIES'?
Ans. To avoid nested select statements we use SELECT FOR ALL ENTRIES statement.
If there r more than 10000 records SELECT FOR ALL ENTRIES is used.
Performance wise SELECT FOR ALL ENTRIES is better to use.
5. Can you set up background processing using CALL TRANSACTION?
Yes,Using No Screen Mode.
6. What are table buffers?
Table buffers reside locally on each application server in the system. The data of buffered tables can thus be accessed
directly from the buffer of the application server. This avoids the time-consuming process of accessing the database.
Buffering is useful if table needs to be accessed more no. of times in a program.
ABAP Technical Interview Questions:
1. What is the typical structure of an ABAP program?
2. What are field symbols and field groups.? Have you used "component idx of structure" clause with field groups?
3. What should be the approach for writing a BDC program?
4. What is a batch input session?
5. What is the alternative to batch input session?
6. A situation: An ABAP program creates a batch input session. We need to submit the program and the batch session in background. How to do it?
7. What is the difference between a pool table and a transparent table and how they are stored at the database level?
8. What are the problems in processing batch input sessions? How is batch input process different from processing on line?
9. What do you define in the domain and data element?
10. What are the different types of data dictionary objects?
11. How many types of tables exist and what are they in data dictionary?
12. What is the step-by-step process to create a table in data dictionary?
13. Can a transparent table exist in data dictionary but not in the database physically?
14. What are the domains and data elements?
15. Can you create a table with fields not referring to data elements?
16. What is the advantage of structures? How do you use them in the ABAP programs?
17. What does an extract statement do in the ABAP program?
18. What is a collect statement? How is it different from append?
19. What is open sql vs native sql?
20. What does an EXEC SQL stmt do in ABAP? What is the disadvantage of using it?
21. What is the meaning of ABAP editor integrated with ABAP data dictionary?
22. What are the events in ABAP language?
23. What is an interactive report? What is the obvious diff of such report compared with classical type reports?
24. What is a drill down report?
25. How do you write a function module in SAP? Describe.
26. What are the exceptions in function module?
27. What is a function group?
28. How are the date abd time field values stored in SAP?
29. What are the fields in a BDC_Tab Table?
30. Name a few data dictionary objects?
31. What happens when a table is activated in DD?
32. What is a check table and what is a value table?
33. What are match codes? Describe?
34. What transactions do you use for data analysis?
35. What is table maintenance generator?
36. What are ranges? What are number ranges?
37. What are select options and what is the diff from parameters?
38. How do you validate the selection criteria of a report? And how do you display initial values in a selection screen?
39. What are selection texts?
40. What is CTS and what do you know about it?
41. When a program is created and need to be transported to prodn does selection texts always go with it? if not how do you make sure? Can you change the CTS entries? How do you do it?
42. What is the client concept in SAP? What is the meaning of client independent?
43. Are programs client dependent?
44. Name a few system global variables you can use in ABAP programs?
45. What are internal tables? How do you get the number of lines in an internal table? How to use a specific number occurs statement?
46. How do you take care of performance issues in your ABAP programs?
47. What are datasets?
48. How to find the return code of a stmt in ABAP programs?
49. What are interface/conversion programs in SAP?
50. Have you used SAP supplied programs to load master data?
2. Adapted from response by Maram Roja on Tuesday, June 15, 2004
1. What are the techniques involved in using SAP supplied programs? Do you prefer to write your own programs to load master data? Why?
2. What are logical databases? What are the advantages/disadvantages of logical databases?
3. What specific statements do you using when writing a drill down report?
4. What are different tools to report data in SAP? What all have you used?
5. What are the advantages and disadvantages of ABAP query tool?
6. What are the functional areas? User groups? How does ABAP query work in relation to these?
7. Is a logical database a requirement/must to write an ABAP query?
8. What is the structure of a BDC sessions.
9. What are Change header/detail tables? Have you used them?
10. What do you do when the system crashes in the middle of a BDC batch session?
11. What do you do with errors in BDC batch sessions?
12. How do you set up background jobs in SAP? What are the steps? What are the event driven batch jobs?
13. Is it possible to run host command from SAP environment? How do you run?
14. What kind of financial periods exist in SAP? What is the relevant table for that?
15. Does SAP handle multiple currencies? Multiple languages?
16. What is a currency factoring technique?
17. How do you document ABAP programs? Do you use program documentation menu option?
18. What is SAPscript and layout set?
19. What are the ABAP commands that link to a layout set?
20. What is output determination?
ABAP Interview Questions
1.Without using Tcode SE11, How can we enter the values in to the table???
2.What is the difference between Collect statement and Append Statement???
3.What do you mean by correction and Transportation system???
4.What is the difference between User Exits and BADI????
5.How can we identify User exits in our screen???
6.What do you mean by Inbound and Outbound interface???
7.In realtime do we configure ALE systems or Administator will take care of that??
8.How to release an object???
9.What is the flow of a Sales document???
10.What is the flow of Purchase order???
12.What is the flow of Invoice???
13.What are the standard IDOC's used???
14.What do you mean by table control???Where will we use this???
15.What are field symbols??Where will we use these symbols???
Deepti
1. There are other ways of entering data into a DB table. ex. B D C
2. Collect statement collect/adds the records basing on a key field. allows to create summarised data sets.
Append will append/add a record at the end of existing records
8. to release an object - use se10/se9
9. sales doc flow: S. A. - S. O. - Delivery - Billing
12. Delivery - invoice.
15. field symbols are used for dynamic allocation. at runtime u can assign a concrete field to field-symbol.
Kishore
1. you can go to abap editor (se38) and use insert statement for insertion update for update and modify for modifications.
2. collect will not allow duplicate entries, while append can allow duplicates.
3. if any changes are made to objects they are to be transported to different systems i.e, change and transport.
4. in user exits we go by general method for enhancements while BADIs we use objects (oops concepts)
methods for enhancement.
14. table controls are enhanced version for step loops where we can expand rows .main difference between these two
is step loop can be expanded to two lines table controls can`t.
15. field symbols are just like pointers concept which are used in C language. We use them when we want to refer to
the fields considered,it doesnt allocate any memory for it.
Venu Rapolu
1. Ans: Using BDC., LSMW,,ALE., BAPI
2. Ans: Collect: it adds the numeric fields to the existing non numeric key field records., thereby avoiding duplicate
values., and append will simply adds the record
3 . Ans: The CTS contains work bench organizer and transport system :
The workbench organizer is used to record and contol changes to the ABAP/4 development objects;
The transport system is used to move objects from an SAP dev.system to production system
6. Ans: Outbound interface is used to send IDocs to the ALE server.,
Inbound interface is used to Analyse the received Idoc.
7. Ans: We (ABAPers) don't do.
8. Ans: se09 or se10
13. Ans: MATMAS
CREMAS
DEBMAS
GLMAST etc...
14. Ans: to display records in table format., we use in Screens
15. Ans: we assign the field content at run time with ASSIGN stmt.
Satish D
1. goto se16 u can view the table contents
2. collect will collects all the numeric fields of nonnumeric field values
append will append record at the end of table
3. when we are creatiing new task like dev. a new prg.. after completion of dev. that will be trnsported to testing system or production system to do that we are assigning an
transport request from our dev.class(system) by using se09
4. badis are dev. by class and inheritence methods where as user exitsdev by SAP only and empty shells filled wit user logic
5. go to system then status
6. outbound generating an idoc in ale layer with master_idoc_create_messgetype,
inbound is receivng system with idoc_inbound_process, gives an return variable wether it is sucess or not
7. no we have to configur that
8. go to se09 or se01 there write your task no and use release button it will asks whats the other system name
and number enter them and relase by pressing jeep button
9. inquiry
quotation
sales order
shipping
delivery
invoice
return goods
12. after creation of delivry note invoice is prepared
13. master_idoc_distribute will generate standard idoc
Deepti
I am enclosing some of answers which I know.
1. We can use t.Code SE16 to enter values into table only if table maintainence is allowed for that table.
2. Append will add new entries into the table where as collect add into the numeric type fields if other charatcer fields
matches to your selection criteria.
3. CTS used for creation of ABAP development transport requests.The transaction code for this is SE10.
4. UserExits r used for adding additional functionality to the existing SAP standard transactions.Using UserExits we can add additional functionality standard SAP functionality without making any changes to the original code.BADI is a standardized interface for ABAP sources that enables partners and customers to enhance SAP-delivered programs in their namespace.
5 .We can identify User exits by using transactions CMOD and SMOD.
6. After entering transaction code SE10 select the transport request which u want to transport and click on transport icon(Truck symbol) to release it.
10. Purchase Requistion->RFQ->Vendor Evaluation->Purchase Order(ME21).
14. Table control is the only facility provide thru dialog programming when we come acrosse the use of updating standared,deletion,insertion and all database operations.
15. Field symbols r pointers to the existing data types(like 'C') which does not allocate any memory space. These are used faster access of data.
Answers to some ABAP Interview Questions:
Questions which I have faced in an interview:
1) What is runtime analysis? Have you used this?
2) What is meant by performance analysis? Have done anything to improve the performance?
3) How to transfer the objects? Have to transferred any objects?
4) How did you test the developed objects?
5) What is the difference between SAP Memory and ABAP Memory?
6) In order to upload Purchase order details, how you handle multiple values for a single field?
Eg: Item field may contain no. of values for a record
7) What is the procedure you followed to upload the data?
8) How did you handle errors in Call Transaction?
9) Among the Call Transaction and Session Method, which is faster?
10) What are the difference between Interactive and Drill Down Reports?
11) How to pass the variables to forms?
12) How to create a link between modified form and modified print program?
13) What is the table, which contain the details of all the name of the programs and forms?
14) How did you test the form u developed? How did you taken print?
15) What are Standard Texts?
16) What is the difference between Clustered Tables and Pooled Tables?
17) What is pf-status?
18) Among "Move" and "Move Corresponding", which is efficient one?
19) What are the output type and Tcodes?
20) Where we use Chain and Endchain?
21) Do you use select statement in loop endloop, how will be the performance? To improve the performance?
22) In select-options, how to get the default values as current month first date and last date by default?
Eg: 1/12/2004 and 31/12/2004
Go thru these answers:
1) What is runtime analysis? Have you used this?
It's checks program execution time in microseconds. When you go to se30.if you give desired program name in performance file. It will take you to below screen. You can get how much past is your program.
2) What is meant by performance analysis? Have done
3) How to transfer the objects? Have you transferred any objects?
4) How did you test the developed objects?
I was testing a developed object. There are two types of testing
- Negative testing
- Positive testing
In negative testing we will give negative data in input and we check any errors occurs.
In positive testing we will give positive data in input for checking errors.
8) How did you handle errors in Call Transaction?
We can create a internal table like 'bsgmcgcoll'. All the messages will go to internal table. We can get errors in this internal table.
Below messages are go to internal table. when you run the call transaction.
- Message type
- Message id
- Message Number
- Variable1
- Variable2
- Variable3
9) Among the Call Transaction and Session Method, which is faster?
Call transaction is faster then session method. But usually we use session method in real time...because we can transfer large amount of data from internal table to database and if any errors in a session. Process will not complete until session get correct.
10) What are the difference between Interactive and Drill Down Reports?
ABAP/4 provides some interactive events on lists such as AT LINE-SELECTION (double click) or AT USER-COMMAND (pressing a button). You can use these events to move through layers of information about individual items in a list.
Drill down report is nothing but interactive report...drilldown means above paragraph only.
11) How to pass the variables to forms?
12) What is the table, which contain the details of all the name of the programs and forms?
Table contains vertical and horizontal lines. We can store the data in table as blocks. We can scroll depends upon your wish. And these all are stored in database (data dictionary).
Which contain the details of all the name of the programs and forms? (I don't know).
13) How did you test the form u developed? How did you taken print?
14) What are Standard Texts?
16) What is the difference between Clustered Tables and Pooled Tables?
A pooled table is used to combine several logical tables in the ABAP/4 dictionary. Pooled tables are logical tables that must be assigned to a table pool when they are defined.
Cluster table are logical tables that must be assigned to a table cluster when they are defined.
Cluster table can be used to store control data they can also used to store temporary data or text such as documentation.
17) What is pf-status?
Pf status is used in interactive report for enhancing the functionality. If we go to se41, we can get menus, items and different function keys, which we are using for secondary list in interactive report.
18) Among "Move" and "Move Corresponding", which is efficient one?
I guess, 'move corresponding' is very efficient then 'move' statement. Because usually we use this stamtent for internal table fields only...so if we give move corresponding. Those fields only moving to other place (what ever you want).
19) What are the output type and Tcodes?
20) Where we use Chain and End chain?
21) Do you use select statement in loop end loop, how will be the performance? To improve the performance?
22) In select-options, how to get the default values as current month first date and last date by default?
Eg: 1/12/2004 and 31/12/2004
SAP ABAP interview questions
Thanks to the reader who sent in this question set:
1. What is an ABAP data dictionary?- ABAP 4 data dictionary describes the logical structures of the objects used in application development and shows how they are mapped to the underlying relational database in tables/views.
2. What are domains and data element?- Domains:Domain is the central object for describing the technical characteristics of an attribute of an business objects. It describes the value range of the field. Data Element: It is used to describe the semantic definition of the table fields like description the field. Data element describes how a field can be displayed to end-user.
3. What is foreign key relationship?- A relationship which can be defined between tables and must be explicitly defined at field level. Foreign keys are used to ensure the consistency of data. Data entered should be checked against existing data to ensure that there are now contradiction. While defining foreign key relationship cardinality has to be specified. Cardinality mentions how many dependent records or how referenced records are possible.
4. Describe data classes.- Master data: It is the data which is seldomly changed. Transaction data: It is the data which is often changed. Organization data: It is a customizing data which is entered in the system when the system is configured and is then rarely changed. System data:It is the data which R/3 system needs for itself.
5. What are indexes?- Indexes are described as a copy of a database table reduced to specific fields. This data exists in sorted form. This sorting form ease fast access to the field of the tables. In order that other fields are also read, a pointer to the associated record of the actual table are included in the index. Yhe indexes are activated along with the table and are created automatically with it in the database.
6. Difference between transparent tables and pooled tables.- Transparent tables: Transparent tables in the dictionary has a one-to-one relation with the table in database. Its structure corresponds to single database field. Table in the database has the same name as in the dictionary. Transparent table holds application data. Pooled tables. Pooled tables in the dictionary has a many-to-one relation with the table in database. Table in the database has the different name as in the dictionary. Pooled table are stored in table pool at the database level.
7. What is an ABAP/4 Query?- ABAP/4 Query is a powerful tool to generate simple reports without any coding. ABAP/4 Query can generate the following 3 simple reports: Basic List: It is the simple reports. Statistics: Reports with statistical functions like Average, Percentages. Ranked Lists: For analytical reports. - For creating a ABAP/4 Query, programmer has to create user group and a functional group. Functional group can be created using with or without logical database table. Finally, assign user group to functional group. Finally, create a query on the functional group generated.
8. What is BDC programming?- Transferring of large/external/legacy data into SAP system using Batch Input programming. Batch input is a automatic procedure referred to as BDC(Batch Data Communications).The central component of the transfer is a queue file which receives the data vie a batch input programs and groups associated data into sessions.
9. What are the functional modules used in sequence in BDC?- These are the 3 functional modules which are used in a sequence to perform a data transfer successfully using BDC programming: BDC_OPEN_GROUP - Parameters like Name of the client, sessions and user name are specified in this functional modules. BDC_INSERT - It is used to insert the data for one transaction into a session. BDC_CLOSE_GROUP - This is used to close the batch input session.
10. What are internal tables?- Internal tables are a standard data type object which exists only during the runtime of the program. They are used to perform table calculations on subsets of database tables and for re-organising the contents of database tables according to users need.
11. What is ITS? What are the merits of ITS?- ITS is a Internet Transaction Server. ITS forms an interface between HTTP server and R/3 system, which converts screen provided data by the R/3 system into HTML documents and vice-versa. Merits of ITS: A complete web transaction can be developed and tested in R/3 system. All transaction components, including those used by the ITS outside the R/3 system at runtime, can be stored in the R/3 system. The advantage of automatic language processing in the R/3 system can be utilized to language-dependent HTML documents at runtime.
12. What is DynPro?- DynPro is a Dynamic Programming which is a combination of screen and the associated flow logic Screen is also called as DynPro.
13. What are screen painter and menu painter?- Screen painter: Screen painter is a tool to design and maintain screen and its elements. It allows user to create GUI screens for the transactions. Attributes, layout, filed attributes and flow logic are the elements of Screen painter. Menu painter: Menu painter is a tool to design the interface components. Status, menu bars, menu lists, F-key settings, functions and titles are the components of Menu painters. Screen painter and menu painter both are the graphical interface of an ABAP/4 applications.
14. What are the components of SAP scripts?- SAP scripts is a word processing tool of SAP which has the following components: Standard text. It is like a standard normal documents. Layout sets. - Layout set consists of the following components: Windows and pages, Paragraph formats, Character formats. Creating forms in the R/3 system. Every layout set consists of Header, paragraph, and character string. ABAP/4 program.
15. What is ALV programming in ABAP? When is this grid used in ABAP?- ALV is Application List viewer. Sap provides a set of ALV (ABAP LIST VIEWER) function modules which can be put into use to embellish the output of a report. This set of ALV functions is used to enhance the readability and functionality of any report output. Cases arise in sap when the output of a report contains columns extending more than 255 characters in length. In such cases, this set of ALV functions can help choose selected columns and arrange the different columns from a report output and also save different variants for report display. This is a very efficient tool for dynamically sorting and arranging the columns from a report output. The report output can contain up to 90 columns in the display with the wide array of display options.
16. What are the events in ABAP/4 language?- Initialization, At selection-screen, Start-of-selection, end-of-selection, top-of-page, end-of-page, At line-selection, At user-command, At PF, Get, At New, At LAST, AT END, AT FIRST.
17. What is CTS and what do you know about it?- The Change and Transport System (CTS) is a tool that helps you to organize development projects in the ABAP Workbench and in Customizing, and then transport the changes between the SAP Systems and clients in your system landscape. This documentation provides you with an overview of how to manage changes with the CTS and essential information on setting up your system and client landscape and deciding on a transport strategy. Read and follow this documentation when planning your development project.
18. What are logical databases? What are the advantages/ dis-advantages of logical databases?- To read data from a database tables we use logical database. A logical database provides read-only access to a group of related tables to an ABAP/4 program. Advantages: i)check functions which check that user input is complete, correct,and plausible. ii)Meaningful data selection. iii)central authorization checks for database accesses. iv)good read access performance while retaining the hierarchical data view determined by the application logic. dis advantages: i)If you donot specify a logical database in the program attributes,the GET events never occur. ii)There is no ENDGET command,so the code block associated with an event ends with the next event statement (such as another GET or an END-OF-SELECTION).
19. What is a batch input session?- BATCH INPUT SESSION is an intermediate step between internal table and database table. Data along with the action is stored in session ie data for screen fields, to which screen it is passed, program name behind it, and how next screen is processed.
20. How to upload data using CATT ?- These are the steps to be followed to Upload data through CATT: Creation of the CATT test case & recording the sample data input. Download of the source file template. Modification of the source file. Upload of the data from the source file.
21. What is Smart Forms?- Smart Forms allows you to create forms using a graphical design tool with robust functionality, color, and more. Additionally, all new forms developed at SAP will be created with the new Smart Form solution.
22. How can I make a differentiation between dependent and independent data?- Client dependent or independent transfer requirements include client specific or cross client objects in the change requests. Workbench objects like SAPscripts are client specific, some entries in customizing are client independent. If you display the object list for one change request, and then for each object the object attributes, you will find the flag client specific. If one object in the task list has this flag on, then that transport will be client dependent.
23. What is the difference between macro and subroutine? - Macros can only be used in the program the are defined in and only after the definition are expanded at compilation / generation. Subroutines (FORM) can be called from both the program the are defined in and other programs . A MACRO is more or less an abbreviation for some lines of code that are used more than once or twice. A FORM is a local subroutine (which can be called external). A FUNCTION is (more or less) a subroutine that is called external. Since debugging a MACRO is not really possible, prevent the use of them (Ive never used them, but seen them in action). If the subroutine is used only local (called internal) use a FORM. If the subroutine is called external (used by more than one program) use a FUNCTION.
Please check these links.
http://www.sap-img.com/abap/abap-interview-question.htm
http://www.sap-img.com/abap/answers-to-some-abap-interview-questions.htm
http://sap.ittoolbox.com/documents/document.asp?i=3240
http://www.techinterviews.com/?p=198 -
Hi.SAP gurus,
I m new to SAP-BW , can anybody send BW material and FAQS.Especially on reports..
cheers
Lohit.Hi
BI platform:
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw2004s/helpdata/en/42/594e3c6bf4233fe10000000a114084/frameset.htm
performance optimization
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw2004s/helpdata/en/80/1a62dee07211d2acb80000e829fbfe/frameset.htm
analysis & repair environment
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw2004s/helpdata/en/92/1d733b73a8f706e10000000a11402f/frameset.htm
scheduler
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw2004s/helpdata/en/e1/b7463c32a3fe13e10000000a114084/frameset.htm
FI extraction
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_bw32/helpdata/en/af/16533bbb15b762e10000000a114084/frameset.htm
whats new in BI 7.0
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw04s/helpdata/en/57/a21f407b402402e10000000a1550b0/frameset.htm
System administration tasks
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_bw30b/helpdata/en/d1/e81c3b85e6e939e10000000a11402f/frameset.htm
process chains
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw70/helpdata/en/8f/c08b3baaa59649e10000000a11402f/frameset.htm
WAD screen cam
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/6dd54713-0c01-0010-8691-a3576b9a95d9
BI content installation
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw2004s/helpdata/en/c1/ea683cc5e8ca68e10000000a114084/frameset.htm
BI suite :Business Explorer
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw2004s/helpdata/en/5b/30d43b0527a17be10000000a114084/frameset.htm
BI 7.0 & EP 7.0 integration
/message/3945089#3945089 [original link is broken]
DTP's
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw2004s/helpdata/en/42/fb8ed8481e1a61e10000000a422035/frameset.htm
Extractions in BI
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/wiki
transport
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw2004s/helpdata/en/b5/1d733b73a8f706e10000000a11402f/frameset.htm
The links below will give u a complete understanding of BI from the basic stuff to detailed information.
Architectural Overview
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/go/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/800a7bd4-7897-2910-c6b2-9ee791e9913c
BI Data Modeling
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/6ce7b0a4-0b01-0010-52ac-a6e813c35a84
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/3668618d-0c01-0010-1ab5-aa75c3a4dfc2
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/2f5aa43f-0c01-0010-a990-9641d3d4eef7
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/dc43c445-0d01-0010-23a1-ca348ff5f975
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/go/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/6090a621-c170-2910-c1ab-d9203321ee19
Front-end Design
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/58fd9183-0e01-0010-f183-fdc9019f77ab
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/bda556e9-0c01-0010-83b0-d519d6deb9e9
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/ad214fe9-0c01-0010-4291-a629e5ba5f90
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/07c361e9-0c01-0010-90b5-a7e315ea4875
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/ce496e17-0301-0010-e0b4-b8ca8b4588ac
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/efdbd593-0e01-0010-4eb1-a09ffedd550a
Go through these PDF's.
Enterprise Dataware Housing.
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/go/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/67efb9bb-0601-0010-f7a2-b582e94bcf8a
Enterprise Reporting.
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/go/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/0901c9bb-0601-0010-49ab-c1770c527673
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw04s/helpdata/en/a4/1be541f321c717e10000000a155106/content.htm
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw04s/helpdata/en/e3/e60138fede083de10000009b38f8cf/frameset.htm
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/bi
Check these presentations:
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/5c46376d-0601-0010-83bf-c4f5f140e3d6
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/5ee3725b-0401-0010-e381-ac323362ce91
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/5c46376d-0601-0010-83bf-c4f5f140e3d6
http://csc-studentweb.lrc.edu/swp/Berg/BB_index_main.htm
http://csc-studentweb.lrc.edu/swp/Berg/articles/NW2004s_what_is_new.ppt
BI 7.0 reporting features
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/910aa7a7-0b01-0010-97a5-f28be23697d3
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw2004s/helpdata/en/b2/e50138fede083de10000009b38f8cf/frameset.htm
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/4487dd91-0b01-0010-eba1-bcd6419
What's new in SAP NetWeaver 7.0(2004s)? - An introduction to the functionality deltas and major changes
http://searchsap.techtarget.com/cgi-bin/rd.pl/ftID-1121728-ctID-1064004?//expert/KnowledgebaseAnswer/0,289625,sid21_gci1064004,00.html
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw04s/helpdata/en/9d/24ff4009b8f223e10000000a155106/content.htm
check if this helps
Multi-Dimensional Modeling with SAP Net Weaver BI
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/6ce7b0a4-0b01-0010-52ac-a6e813c35a84
Modeling the Data Warehouse Layer with BI
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/3668618d-0c01-0010-1ab5-aa75c3a4dfc2
Front-end Design Guidelines - SAP BI in SAP Net Weaver 2004s
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/58fd9183-0e01-0010-f183-fdc9019f77ab
Enterprise Reporting, Query, and Analysis - Developers Guide
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/0901c9bb-0601-0010-49ab-c1770c527673
check
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/developerareas/bi
John Wiley & Sons - SAP Net Weaver For Dummies:
0201703661 SAP BW: A Step by Step Guide for BW 2.0
SAP Business Information Warehouse on the AS/400 System
Code:http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/redbooks/pdfs/sg245200.pdf
Code:http://www.best.tuke.sk/~ejo/books/SAP%20Enterprise%20Modelling%20-%20Consultants%20Handbook.pdf
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/bi
http://aiokeh.wdf.sap.corp:50000/SAPIKS2/contentShow.sap?TMP_IWB_TASK=DISPLAY&_CLASS=IWB_EXTHLP&_LOIO=42CA6A69992F6BB1E10000000A1553F6&_SLOIO=E3E60138FEDE083DE10000009B38F8CF&LANGUAGE=EN&RELEASE=700&_SCLASS=IWB_STRUCT
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw2004s/helpdata/en/52/a21f407b402402e10000000a1550b0/frameset.htm
https://websmp201.sap-ag.de/instguidesNW2004s
A beginner's guide to your first BI model in NW2004S
How to Papers
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/docs?rid=/webcontent/uuid/93eaff2d-0a01-0010-d7b4-84ac0438dacc
Check links..
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw04s/helpdata/en/a4/1be541f321c717e10000000a155106/content.htm
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw04s/helpdata/en/e3/e60138fede083de10000009b38f8cf/frameset.htm
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/bi
Check these presentations:
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/5c46376d-0601-0010-83bf-c4f5f140e3d6
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/5ee3725b-0401-0010-e381-ac323362ce91
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/5c46376d-0601-0010-83bf-c4f5f140e3d6
http://csc-studentweb.lrc.edu/swp/Berg/BB_index_main.htm
http://csc-studentweb.lrc.edu/swp/Berg/articles/NW2004s_what_is_new.ppt
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/developerareas/bi
Frequently Asked Questions in SAP NW 7.0 - Enterprise Data Warehousing, Reporting, Query & Analysis and Business Planning
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/docs?rid=/webcontent/uuid/93eaff2d-0a01-0010-d7b4-84ac0438dacc
You could get some SAP Documents here.
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/5ee3725b-0401-0010-e381-ac323362ce91
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/5c46376d-0601-0010-83bf-c4f5f140e3d6
These two PDF files has all almost all info about BI2004s.
Go through this Link for BI 7.0 Documents.
https://websmp101.sap-ag.de/bi
and Click on BI Standard Presentations link.
New Features in BI:
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/910aa7a7-0b01-0010-97a5-f28be23697d3
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/4487dd91-0b01-0010-eba1-bcd6419
What's new in SAP NetWeaver 7.0(2004s)? - An introduction to the functionality deltas and major changes
BI 7.0 reporting features
http://searchsap.techtarget.com/cgi-bin/rd.pl/ftID-1121728-ctID-1064004?//expert/KnowledgebaseAnswer/0,289625,sid21_gci1064004,00.html
Information Broadcasting:
Check the followings.
Summary of New Features for Information Broadcasting in SAP NetWeaver 2004s
Exception Broadcasting in SAP NetWeaver 2004s
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/go/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/296edc90-0201-0010-7982-c6dc0b288296
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/go/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/00d91245-1f5d-2a10-c795-8394960f56cc
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/go/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/b485d390-0201-0010-8189-91444c74c69f
Thnx
Anil.V -
Pls send me Importent Basis R/3 FAQ's
Hi,
interview purpuse pls send me important Basis Faq's and also pls send me realtime scenarios .If you help I will give more reward points.and also if possible give answers also.
regards,
janaHi,
Search SAP.com FAQ.
1. What is SAP MMC good for?
a) Starting SAP instances
b) Viewing developer traces
c) Stopping SAP instances
d) Deploying SAPGUI
ANSWERS: A, B and C
The SAP MMC has multiple uses. Among them: starting/stopping instances and viewing/analyzing the developer traces (dev_disp, dev_ms, dev_w*).
Ignore the myths -- the reality is that SAP MMC can be installed on remote computers to manage SAP instances the same way as if you were using the actual SAP server. Find the SAP MMC installation components on the SAPGUI CD.
2. The following is true about Kerberos single sign-on (Kerberos 5 SSO):
a) It's only supported in UNIX environments
b) It provides encrypted authentication
c) It works in all Windows platforms
d) It's an SAP add-on available as of Web AS 6.10
ANSWERS: B
Kerberos is available in UNIX and Windows platforms. However, it only works with Windows 2000 and Windows Server 2003 Active Domain Controllers. Windows NT is not suitable for Kerberos 5. It provides encryption, which makes it a better option than regular Secure Single Sign-On. Kerberos SSO has been available since R/3 3.1x.
3. True or False? Since the release of SQL Server 2000, database integrity checks -- and DBCC CHECKDB in particular-- are a thing of the past in SAP.
a) True
b) False
ANSWERS: B
False! DBCCs (checkcatalog and checkdb) are definitely required and they should be performed on a regular basis.
4. What does report RSUSR003 do?
a) Lists logon system settings
b) Reports if passwords for SAP* accounts have not changed
c) Reports if passwords for DDIC are trivial
d) All of the above
ANSWERS: D
Report RSUSR003 lists all logon system settings and it reports if passwords for accounts SAP*, DDIC, SAPCPIC and EARLYWATCH are trivial. That is, the system will report the passwords for those accounts that have not been changed from the delivered ones. This is a handy report SAP auditors frequently ask for it immediately when doing an SAP audit
5. To prevent the use of common password combinations, a system can be set up to include:
a) A list of forbidden passwords in table USR40
b) Instance profile parameter "login/min_password_digits"
c) A list of forbidden passwords in table USR04.
d) No additional configuration, as SAP only allows complex passwords.
ANSWERS: A, B
To avoid this problem, populate Table USR40 with forbidden or illegal passwords combinations. Also, as of Web AS 6.10, instance profile parameter "login/min_password_digits" can be set to a value >= 1 to force users enter at least one digit in their password.
6. After a new installation of R/3 Enterprise, the system has a temporary license. How long does this license last?
a) Four months
b) Four weeks
c) Four days
d) Fourteen days
ANSWERS: B
This temporary license lasts up to four weeks. After that, nobody can log into the system except SAP. Therefore, users must request a permanent license at the early stages of an installation.
7. What is CUA?
a) It's the Control Upgrade Administration program, used during an SAP upgrade.
b) It stands for Central User Administration, where a central client manages all user accounts.
ANSWER: B
Central User Administration (CUA) was introduced in R/3 4.6 to provide a mechanism that allows central user management. Once configured, all user accounts are managed from a central client
. To prevent having to adjust output devices (e.g. print queue definitions) in every system each time they are transported from one system to another, an administrator can:
a) Set up a logical spool server by the same name in the source system and the target systems
b) Set up all printers to use "__DEFAULT" as the host printer
ANSWER: A
A logical spool server mapped to the real spool server can solve this problem by adjusting output devices after importing them.
For example, logical spool server "logicalspooler" can be set up in the customizing, quality assurance and production systems; printers get assigned to this spool server and they get transported. Because "logicalspooler" exists on the target systems, there is no need to change anything after the transport is imported.
9. True or False? In order to read developer traces, you have to go the operating system, because SAP does not have a way to do this within the application.
a) True
b) False
ANSWER: B
False! SAP provides transaction ST11 for this purpose. ST11 can even sort the trace files by date and time.
10. How can the logon screen be modified to include informational text, such as the company name, address, the system role, etc.?
a) Run transaction SE61, create object ZLOGIN_SCREEN_INFO and enter the desired text.
b) Ask SAP to modify the logon screen for you.
c) Using a C or C++ recompile SAPGUI.exe with the new text.
ANSWER: A
As of SAP version 4.6, transaction SE61 can be used to create object ZLOGIN_SCREEN_INFO. Text and icons can be added to messages that can appear at the logon screen.
11. True or False? MS-SQL Server can be installed using all the delivered default settings. Everything is controlled within the application, so SAP requires only a database engine to work.
a) True
b) False
ANSWER: B
False! MS-SQL Server needs to be configured with binary sort order and 850 multilingual character set. Therefore, using all defaults during a SQL Server installation will not work. The SAP installation program will fail.
12. What SAP transaction can assist in detecting I/O bottlenecks?
a) ST22
b) ST06
c) OS06
d) ST10
ANSWER: B, C
Either ST06 or OS06 can monitor disk I/O. These transactions are very convenient, as you do not have to go to the OS level. On the other hand, tools at the OS level may offer a more detailed analysis (e.g. Performance Monitor in Windows).
13. What does transaction SPAM do?
a) It configures the system to block spam e-mail in the business workplace.
b) It defines and import support package queues.
c) It displays the support packages that have been imported into the system.
d) Nothing. It's not an SAP transaction.
ANSWER: B, C
Transaction SPAM not only lists the support packages that have been imported into the system, but it also defines queues of support packages that can be imported. It's also the transaction that carries out the import.
14. If an SAP instance does not start after making changes to the instance profile via RZ10, what is the best course of action?
a) Restore the database from the last full backup
b) Edit the profile at the operating system level and manually change it back to the way it was. Then, restart the instance and correct the problem via RZ10.
c) Copy the instance profile from a working system into the affected system. d) Log a trouble ticket at the SAP Support Portal
ANSWER: B
In an emergency, the best thing to do is to manually edit and correct the problem in the instance profile (located under usrsapsysprofile). After successfully restarting the instance run RZ10 and correct the problem there. Save and activate the profile. If possible restart the instance right away and make sure everything works. Otherwise, plan on keeping a close eye on the instance the next time it restarts.
Restoring the database from a full backup will erase all the work done since the backup ended to the moment the problem occurred. Copying the instance profile from another system is a bad idea. The profiles are unique and contain hard coded values. Logging a trouble ticket is not necessary unless you cannot absolutely bring the system back up.
15. Which of the following are possible ways to display the R/3 Kernel patch of a system?
a) Run SM51 and click Release Notes
b) Run disp+work version at the OS level
c) Run SPAM, choose Imported Support Packages and click Display
d) Run SQ01 and click Kernel Patches
ANSWER: A, B
Within SAP run SM51, click Release Notes, and then read the line that says "Kernel Patch number." At the OS level, change it to the:
usrsapsysexerun directory and run dispwork version or dispwork V
Also, look for the "kernel patch number" line.
Useful UNIX SAP Commands.
Basic UNIX commands
Note: not all of these are actually part of UNIX itself, and you may not find them on all UNIX machines. But they can all be used on turing in essentially the same way, by typing the command and hitting return. Note that some of these commands are different on non-Solaris machines - see SunOS differences.
If you've made a typo, the easiest thing to do is hit CTRL-u to cancel the whole line. But you can also edit the command line (see the guide to More UNIX).
UNIX is case-sensitive.
Files
ls --- lists your files
ls -l --- lists your files in 'long format', which contains lots of useful information, e.g. the exact size of the file, who owns the file and who has the right to look at it, and when it was last modified.
ls -a --- lists all files, including the ones whose filenames begin in a dot, which you do not always want to see.
There are many more options, for example to list files by size, by date, recursively etc.
more filename --- shows the first part of a file, just as much as will fit on one screen. Just hit the space bar to see more or q to quit. You can use /pattern to search for a pattern.
emacs filename --- is an editor that lets you create and edit a file. See the emacs page.
mv filename1 filename2 --- moves a file (i.e. gives it a different name, or moves it into a different directory (see below)
cp filename1 filename2 --- copies a file
rm filename --- removes a file. It is wise to use the option rm -i, which will ask you for confirmation before actually deleting anything. You can make this your default by making an alias in your .cshrc file.
diff filename1 filename2 --- compares files, and shows where they differ
wc filename --- tells you how many lines, words, and characters there are in a file
chmod options filename --- lets you change the read, write, and execute permissions on your files. The default is that only you can look at them and change them, but you may sometimes want to change these permissions. For example, chmod o+r filename will make the file readable for everyone, and chmod o-r filename will make it unreadable for others again. Note that for someone to be able to actually look at the file the directories it is in need to be at least executable. See help protection for more details.
File Compression
o gzip filename --- compresses files, so that they take up much less space. Usually text files compress to about half their original size, but it depends very much on the size of the file and the nature of the contents. There are other tools for this purpose, too (e.g. compress), but gzip usually gives the highest compression rate. Gzip produces files with the ending '.gz' appended to the original filename.
o gunzip filename --- uncompresses files compressed by gzip.
o gzcat filename --- lets you look at a gzipped file without actually having to gunzip it (same as gunzip -c). You can even print it directly, using gzcat filename | lpr
printing
o lpr filename --- print. Use the -P option to specify the printer name if you want to use a printer other than your default printer. For example, if you want to print double-sided, use 'lpr -Pvalkyr-d', or if you're at CSLI, you may want to use 'lpr -Pcord115-d'. See 'help printers' for more information about printers and their locations.
o lpq --- check out the printer queue, e.g. to get the number needed for removal, or to see how many other files will be printed before yours will come out
o lprm jobnumber --- remove something from the printer queue. You can find the job number by using lpq. Theoretically you also have to specify a printer name, but this isn't necessary as long as you use your default printer in the department.
o genscript --- converts plain text files into postscript for printing, and gives you some options for formatting. Consider making an alias like alias ecop 'genscript -2 -r \!* | lpr -h -Pvalkyr' to print two pages on one piece of paper.
o dvips filename --- print .dvi files (i.e. files produced by LaTeX). You can use dviselect to print only selected pages. See the LaTeX page for more information about how to save paper when printing drafts.
Directories
Directories, like folders on a Macintosh, are used to group files together in a hierarchical structure.
mkdir dirname --- make a new directory
cd dirname --- change directory. You basically 'go' to another directory, and you will see the files in that directory when you do 'ls'. You always start out in your 'home directory', and you can get back there by typing 'cd' without arguments. 'cd ..' will get you one level up from your current position. You don't have to walk along step by step - you can make big leaps or avoid walking around by specifying pathnames.
pwd --- tells you where you currently are.
Finding things
ff --- find files anywhere on the system. This can be extremely useful if you've forgotten in which directory you put a file, but do remember the name. In fact, if you use ff -p you don't even need the full name, just the beginning. This can also be useful for finding other things on the system, e.g. documentation.
grep string filename(s) --- looks for the string in the files. This can be useful a lot of purposes, e.g. finding the right file among many, figuring out which is the right version of something, and even doing serious corpus work. grep comes in several varieties (grep, egrep, and fgrep) and has a lot of very flexible options. Check out the man pages if this sounds good to you.
About other people
w --- tells you who's logged in, and what they're doing. Especially useful: the 'idle' part. This allows you to see whether they're actually sitting there typing away at their keyboards right at the moment.
who --- tells you who's logged on, and where they're coming from. Useful if you're looking for someone who's actually physically in the same building as you, or in some other particular location.
finger username --- gives you lots of information about that user, e.g. when they last read their mail and whether they're logged in. Often people put other practical information, such as phone numbers and addresses, in a file called .plan. This information is also displayed by 'finger'.
last -1 username --- tells you when the user last logged on and off and from where. Without any options, last will give you a list of everyone's logins.
talk username --- lets you have a (typed) conversation with another user
write username --- lets you exchange one-line messages with another user
elm --- lets you send e-mail messages to people around the world (and, of course, read them). It's not the only mailer you can use, but the one we recommend. See the elm page, and find out about the departmental mailing lists (which you can also find in /user/linguistics/helpfile).
About your (electronic) self
whoami --- returns your username. Sounds useless, but isn't. You may need to find out who it is who forgot to log out somewhere, and make sure you have logged out.
finger & .plan files
of course you can finger yourself, too. That can be useful e.g. as a quick check whether you got new mail. Try to create a useful .plan file soon. Look at other people's .plan files for ideas. The file needs to be readable for everyone in order to be visible through 'finger'. Do 'chmod a+r .plan' if necessary. You should realize that this information is accessible from anywhere in the world, not just to other people on turing.
passwd --- lets you change your password, which you should do regularly (at least once a year). See the LRB guide and/or look at help password.
ps -u yourusername --- lists your processes. Contains lots of information about them, including the process ID, which you need if you have to kill a process. Normally, when you have been kicked out of a dialin session or have otherwise managed to get yourself disconnected abruptly, this list will contain the processes you need to kill. Those may include the shell (tcsh or whatever you're using), and anything you were running, for example emacs or elm. Be careful not to kill your current shell - the one with the number closer to the one of the ps command you're currently running. But if it happens, don't panic. Just try again If you're using an X-display you may have to kill some X processes before you can start them again. These will show only when you use ps -efl, because they're root processes.
kill PID --- kills (ends) the processes with the ID you gave. This works only for your own processes, of course. Get the ID by using ps. If the process doesn't 'die' properly, use the option -9. But attempt without that option first, because it doesn't give the process a chance to finish possibly important business before dying. You may need to kill processes for example if your modem connection was interrupted and you didn't get logged out properly, which sometimes happens.
quota -v --- show what your disk quota is (i.e. how much space you have to store files), how much you're actually using, and in case you've exceeded your quota (which you'll be given an automatic warning about by the system) how much time you have left to sort them out (by deleting or gzipping some, or moving them to your own computer).
du filename --- shows the disk usage of the files and directories in filename (without argument the current directory is used). du -s gives only a total.
last yourusername --- lists your last logins. Can be a useful memory aid for when you were where, how long you've been working for, and keeping track of your phonebill if you're making a non-local phonecall for dialling in.
Connecting to the outside world
nn --- allows you to read news. It will first let you read the news local to turing, and then the remote news. If you want to read only the local or remote news, you can use nnl or nnr, respectively. To learn more about nn type nn, then \tty{:man}, then \tty{=.*}, then \tty, then hit the space bar to step through the manual. Or look at the man page. Or check out the hypertext nn FAQ - probably the easiest and most fun way to go.
rlogin hostname --- lets you connect to a remote host
telnet hostname --- also lets you connect to a remote host. Use rlogin whenever possible.
ftp hostname --- lets you download files from a remote host which is set up as an ftp-server. This is a common method for exchanging academic papers and drafts. If you need to make a paper of yours available in this way, you can (temporarily) put a copy in /user/ftp/pub/TMP. For more permanent solutions, ask Emma. The most important commands within ftp are get for getting files from the remote machine, and put for putting them there (mget and mput let you specify more than one file at once). Sounds straightforward, but be sure not to confuse the two, especially when your physical location doesn't correspond to the direction of the ftp connection you're making. ftp just overwrites files with the same filename. If you're transferring anything other than ASCII text, use binary mode.
lynx --- lets you browse the web from an ordinary terminal. Of course you can see only the text, not the pictures. You can type any URL as an argument to the G command. When you're doing this from any Stanford host you can leave out the .stanford.edu part of the URL when connecting to Stanford URLs. Type H at any time to learn more about lynx, and Q to exit.
Miscellaneous tools
webster word --- looks up the word in an electronic version of Webster's dictionary and returns the definition(s)
date --- shows the current date and time.
cal --- shows a calendar of the current month. Use e.g., 'cal 10 1995' to get that for October 95, or 'cal 1995' to get the whole year.
You can find out more about these commands by looking up their manpages:
man commandname --- shows you the manual page for the command
For further ways of obtaining help, look at the pages with electronic sources of information and non-electronic sources.
More UNIX commands
Back up to the Main Computing Page
The root Directory
Command ls / this command lists the root directory
[agustin@server2 agustin]$ ls /
bin/ boot/ dev/ etc/ home/ initrd/ lib/ mnt/ opt/
proc/ root/ sbin/ tmp/ usr/ var/
Throughout the decade, developers had tried to define standards for the file system hierarchy and for what each of these directories should be used for. But even with the efforts of all these people there are still variations among all distributions.
/ root directory of the entire system
/bin holds system executables
/sbin holds system executables and are essential for starting up the system
/boot holds the files needed during the booting process including the kernel
/dev it is a special directory that holds information regarding peripherals /dev/ttys0, /dev/had, etc.
/home holds all the home directories for all users except root
/lib holds system binary libraries, shared libraries and kernel module
/opt here is where optional applications might go
/root this is the home directory for super user, do not confuse this folder with /
/tmp Here is where temporary files are stored; it is usually emptied when systems restart.
/var is where variable system files go, system logging, file locks, printer Spooling, mail spooling and many others.
/etc This directory holds almost all configuration files. As administrator you will spending most of your time tweaking settings in this folder.
/initrd this directory is used at boot time, in the initrd to perform pivot_root
/mnt This directory is used as a mount point. Here you can temporarily mount medias such as CD-ROM, zip and other file systems. Example: /mnt/windows, /mnt/floppy, mnt/cd-rom
/proc this directory is used as a kernel information access hooks, example of usage:
[agustin@server2 proc]$cat cpuinfo
[agustin@server2 agustin]$cat filesystems
/usr It is a very large directory, holds application programs; it also has several important additional directories.
/usr/bin contains binaries executables
/usr/include This directory contains C headers with various libraries applications.
/usr/local application programs used locally
The Print working directory command: pwd
[agustin@server2 agustin]$ pwd
/home/agustin
[agustin@server2 agustin]$
The command whoami, displays who you are at the current prompt
[agustin@server2 agustin]$ whoami
agustin
[agustin@server2 agustin]$
If you want to know who is logged into the entire system use the who command
[agustin@server2 agustin]$ who
agustin vc/1 Aug 17 07:38
root vc/2 Aug 19 06:51
user1 vc/3 Aug 19 06:46
[agustin@server2 agustin]$
Switching from regular user to root
To gain root's power temporarily use: su
[agustin@server2 agustin]$ su
Password:******* (when you are typing the password, you can not see it)
[root@server2 agustin]# whoami
root
[root@server2 agustin]#
Observe your prompt, it has been changed. When you are in this mode you can do anything; be careful how you use the super user account. Protect the root account at all cost.
The root account is strictly used for system administration. Any regular user cannot do things that are strictly for root unless root grants the right to the user.
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