FileVault Clone & Recovery

Question

So my question is actually two-part.  In the last 9 days I have had to swap out my rMBP on two separate occasions (nightmare of a story, would love to tell under separate cover, must conclude that despite all of the problems and inconveniences the AMAZING support rep I dealt with via phone from Apple customer care went ABOVE and beyond in every sense and aside from pick up and drop off, handled absolutely everything for me remotely, amazing.)  I am now on my third rMBP, the second replacement.  With my absolutely critical need for my only computer and everyday laptop I have had very short windows of time to SECURELY erase my extremely, sensitive to me, data in between swap outs.
On all occasions I have had FileVault2 enabled at the very least, with an 11-15 character admin/unlock password and prior to dropping it off I backed up my drive with ChronoSync and CarbonCopyCloner to (Journaled, Encrypted) USB drives.  After I double-checked the backups, I booted to Disk Utility from a thumb drive and ran a quick format multiple times, switching back and forth between (Journaled) and (Journaled, Encrypted) and alternating keys.  When I dropped off my original rMBP, I did one last format to non encrypted so they can install an OS and the drive didn’t even have a recovery partition and they had to download one via internet recovery.
When I took the first replacement home, I booted to my thumb drive and quick formatted the new drive to (Journaled, Encrypted) before installing a fresh copy of Mountain Lion. Rather than restoring the disk from my CarbonCopy clone, I decided to start fresh and selectively copy the data back. Note: I cannot say for sure whether I manually enabled FileVault2 or if it was already enabled as a result of the (Journaled, Encrypted) format, but I can say with certainty that it was enabled prior to the following…
When I realized that I would need to replace the computer yet again, I followed the same process, ChronoSync selective backup and CarbonCopyCloner full drive clone to (Journaled, Encrypted) USB drives, quick format back and forth between encrypted and non-encrypted partitions, alternating keys each time, leaving them with a non-encrypted drive with no recovery drive and no OS.
I DID NOT LOSE ANY DATA, I HAVE EVERYTHING SAFE:  However, with actual responsibilities taking over part of my brain for a few minutes, before I ran the formats on the drive, and rushed to the Apple store, I decided to make one last selective backup of mission critical data just as a safety net should something horrible happen to my other two backup drives.  To my surprise right now, I did not realize that a 1Password backup is stored in plain text.  I had my 1Password backup in a BACKUP folder right on the desktop.  I have spent the last couple of hours scavenging IT security blogs to see what kind of trouble I am in and I can’t seem to find anything definitive.  From some articles it seems as though Passware would be able to recover an encryption key, no matter how difficult, in under 40 minutes, so long as the system wasn’t shut down entirely.  The full shut down, I cannot confirm for sure on either swap out that I left with them. I can’t imagine this would be possible from a blinking folder boot with no recovery drive but, I am by no means a security “genius”.  Even then, my obvious hope having resorted to the strategy was that the alternating keys with back and forth full drive encryption would render any recoverable data entirely useless.
MY FIRST QUESTION: What is the likelihood that someone would be able to recover my data?  What is the likelihood that Apple outfits their stores and geniuses with a toolbox including the necessary hardware/software to accomplish this?  If you think this is an issue I better, at the very least, get started on changing some 250+ passwords and calling my finance institutions.
On the second replacement, I took a shorter route, I booted to my thumb drive and quick formatted the new drive to (Journaled, Encrypted), and then restored my previous drive from the CarbonCopy clone.  Everything seems to be working fine with one odd exception, shut down and boot are considerably slower 5-10x and on boot, initially I have to unlock my new disk partition that I created before the restore and then it brings me to my OS login where I can login with my previous password.
MY SECOND QUESTION: What the **** did I do wrong? Have I stumbled upon some kind of double-encryption?  The two passwords can’t hurt but the slow shut down and boot are incredibly annoying. My guess is that my user account from my last computer is not lining up the drive encryption on the new machine and its causing some kind of an issue.

Answer 1

Passware can be used to uncover a FileVault password, but there are restrictions. First, it requires the system to be on and the encrypted drive to be unlocked. Second, it requires DMA access through firewire ports, which Apple's various screen locking routines block when enabled.
If your system was encrypted with FileVault and shut off when you gave it to the techs, then it should be fully secured. At most they can wipe the data off of it, but not read data from it.