HD Upper or lower interlace or not that is the question

Ok Im a bit confused and cannot seem to get a straight direction on this. I shoot in 30fps 1080i, I capture in HD via firewire, I edit and when outputting for regular DVDs do I encode UPPER FIELD first since the source media is HD or LOWER FIELD first because it is doing to DV.
When encoding with Media Encoder should I check the deinterlace button when encoding HD for a DV project going to encore or not check it...that is the question.
Where is my Commedore 64 when I need it?

Choose the correct field order for your
export format when exporting, in this case DV.
Choose progressive/interlaced depending on your export format when exporting. Since DV is interlaced, do not de-interlace.
Who needs a Commodore 64 when you have a Vic 20! ;)
Cheers
Eddie
PremiereProPedia (
RSS feed)
- Over 300 frequently answered questions
- Over 250 free tutorials
- Maintained by editors like
you
Forum FAQ

Similar Messages

To bitmap or not, that is the question

Hello my tuning friends.
I am running Oracle 11.2 (on Solaris 10) for a very active OLTP database, but that is also frequently used to pull reports on the most volatile critical table in the database.
My database has anywhere from 100 to 400 concurrent users.
Our application (REMEDY) is designed to put "tickets" in a single main table (with approx. 560 fields that 40 are clobs).
The dilemma I need help with is whether to put a bit map index on some of the low cardinality columns or not.
And, for that matter, many columns in this table are very low cardinality.
My fear is that I am afraid that putting a bitmap index on a highly active OLTP table might impede performance of ticket creations (new rows in the table).
Or, if I did it, can I have a job run every night that recreates the bitmap indexes on this table?
But what about performance on the table between the time of rebuilding the BM indexes?
In this case, this is a typical query that is run against our main table (containing approx. 6m records and is 16G in size).
When I look in OEM, I see that it does a full table scan on this table, and in this case, only returns 262 records.
Obviously, you can infer the columns in the predicate clause are very low cardinality (by the names of the columns and the values searched).
SELECT "Main_Ticket"."SHORTTICKETNUMBER"      ,
        "Main_Ticket"."OUTAGESEVERITY"        ,
        "Main_Ticket"."OUTAGESEVERITYTEXT"    ,
        "Main_Ticket"."OUTAGESERVICESLIST"    ,
        "Main_Ticket"."OUTAGESTATUS"          ,
        "Main_Ticket"."OUTAGEOVERALLSTARTTIME",
        "Main_Ticket"."OUTAGEOVERALLENDTIME" ,
        "Main_Ticket"."CITY"                  ,
        "Main_Ticket"."STATE"                 ,
        "Main_Ticket"."MASTEROUTAGE"          ,
        "Main_Ticket"."GROUPCREATEDBY"        ,
        "Main_Ticket"."GROUPASSIGNEDTO"
FROM "ARADMIN"."MAIN_TICKET" "Main_Ticket"
WHERE "Main_Ticket"."OUTAGESEVERITY"<=2
        AND NOT
                "Main_Ticket"."GROUPASSIGNEDTO" LIKE 'BBSG%'
                OR "Main_Ticket"."GROUPASSIGNEDTO" LIKE 'CIA%'
                OR "Main_Ticket"."GROUPASSIGNEDTO" LIKE 'DESIGNED%'
                OR "Main_Ticket"."GROUPASSIGNEDTO" LIKE 'IHD%'
                OR "Main_Ticket"."GROUPASSIGNEDTO" LIKE 'NABB%'
                OR "Main_Ticket"."GROUPASSIGNEDTO" LIKE 'NCC%'
                OR "Main_Ticket"."GROUPASSIGNEDTO" LIKE 'NFC%'
        )I'm assuming to put the bitmap index on "OUTAGESEVERITY".
Not sure about GROUPASSIGNEDTO, because it uses the LIKE function and may not use the BM index if it had one.
In this case, would a FBI be better?
Edited by: 974632 on Feb 27, 2013 6:29 AM

>
clobs).
The dilemma I need help with is whether to put a bit map index on some of the low cardinality columns or not.The whole "low cardinality" thing for bitmap indexes is very misleading - the primary consideration for bitmap indexes is whether or not your queries can COMBINE enough of them to produce high-precision access path into the table. (And, of course, they're almost always very bad news on an OLTP system).
When I look in OEM, I see that it does a full table scan on this table, and in this case, only returns 262 records.Is this because a very small fraction of the rows have "OUTAGESEVERITY"<=2, or do a lot of them match that predicate but disappear on on the next predicate ?
>
FROM "ARADMIN"."MAIN_TICKET" "Main_Ticket"
WHERE "Main_Ticket"."OUTAGESEVERITY"<=2
AND NOT
"Main_Ticket"."GROUPASSIGNEDTO" LIKE 'BBSG%'
OR "Main_Ticket"."GROUPASSIGNEDTO" LIKE 'CIA%'
OR "Main_Ticket"."GROUPASSIGNEDTO" LIKE 'DESIGNED%'
OR "Main_Ticket"."GROUPASSIGNEDTO" LIKE 'IHD%'
OR "Main_Ticket"."GROUPASSIGNEDTO" LIKE 'NABB%'
OR "Main_Ticket"."GROUPASSIGNEDTO" LIKE 'NCC%'
OR "Main_Ticket"."GROUPASSIGNEDTO" LIKE 'NFC%'
)In this case, would a FBI be better?Depends on why you get only 262 rows as a final result, and whether or not you're allowed to change the code. A simple b-tree index on outagseverity with a frequency histogram on the column MIGHT be enough if there are only a small number of rows with outageseverity = 2.
An FBI might be more stable if this form of query is common and you are only interested in "rare" values - in which case a simple option would be to create an FBI (or virtual column with index) that was null for common values, and exposed the outageseverity for "rare" values.
If you need to cross-check the groupassignedto at the same time as checking for "relatively rare" values, you could create a two column index where the first column exposed the "relatively rare" values of outageseverity, and the second column exposed the groupassignedto only if the first column was not null.
You'd have to modify the SQL suitably to use the FBI's though - which is why the availability of virtual columns might be of some benefit.
Tables with more than 254 columns are a bad idea, by the way, and get worse for every (approximate) multiple of 256.
Regards
Jonathan Lewis

To 64 bit or not, that is the question...

I'm finally able to build a new sytem and am wondering if 64 bit offers any advantages over what I'm doing now given what I do with a computer. First, lets get my specs out of the way so that if anyone with similar interests can possibly help me on this decision. As an added note, not that it makes a difference one whit, I'm going to be liquid cooling and a tad bit of overclocking may be involved.
Shuttle SX38P2-Pro
Seagate Barracuda 500GB 7200 RPM SATA 3.0Gb/s
Intel Core 2 Quad Q6600 Kentsfield 2.4GHz LGA 775 Quad-Core Processor
ASUS EN8800GT GeForce 8800GT 1GB 256-bit GDDR3 PCI Express 2.0
CORSAIR XMS2 2GB (4 x 1GB) 240-Pin DDR2 SDRAM DDR2 800 (PC2 6400)
Now for what I use my system for. I'm heavily involved in graphics. I use both the GIMP and Inkscape intensively and to their limits (which is my main reason for my new build), so this was my main reason for the quad as I've discovered that my benefits may be extraordinary. That coupled with a buttload of ram (4 gigs) should give me a bit of futureproof to the bottlenecks I've been experiencing with my P4 1.5 from about 7 years ago that I've been experiencing lately. I've also been known to compile extensively just due to the fact that I prefer more bleeding edge features. I enjoy a challenge and will be willing to try out the latest widgets but am nowhere experienced enough of a programmer to try and rewrite an entire program that I didn't start to begin with.
So, can you expound on my dilemma and elaborate to the point where I can reach an informed solution?

jb wrote:
I linked the two together, although they should probably have a more unified name. Good for now I guess.
Also, I took a stab at it and declared it Czech. If my recognition skills were of epic fail, please correct.
your recognition skills are superb, it's Czech - the CZ version seems to be translated version of the same article, the EN version has a bit more information, so it seems someone updated the English original sometime after the Czech traslated the article...

Email signatures, to (include) images or not, that is the question!

We just had this discussion internally and decided against it. When they work, they look good, but when they don't work, signatures full of picture place holders look terrible. I think it really depends on what kind of business your company is in and whether there is a benefit to the recipient to get a little web page in every email you send.

Greetings all,I am looking at options for email signatures for a client. I have used Exclaimer in the past for in-house Exchange servers and like it. I am trialing the Office365 version presently.Just looking for thoughts on if you include images any more in email signatures? I'm talking company logo at a min and a few social media icons and links at a maximum. I note gmail now block embedded images (and I'm sure they're not alone) and we're all familiar with mail clients that will block the other option, web based images and give the option of downloading them.There's much to be said for a nice looking signature I think with a good logo and but not OTT, whilst there is also much to be said for a simple text based approach and nobody receiving broken images or blocked links when they open your mail.What say my fellow spiceheads?...
This topic first appeared in the Spiceworks Community

To re-install or not, that is the question?

I have an early 2006 intel iMac with OSX 10.4.11. Little things are starting to act up, but nothing really major. IChat doesn't work properly, I lose tunes in iTunes, startup sound went on the fritz and the little beacon on the front right hand side is getting dimmer. I used to have an old Mac Powerbook 180 (1993) and periodically, I'd re-install the system from all of the floppy discs and it would work perfectly and I'd never lose any data. Sometimes, I wish I still had it. Is it a totally different world now? Can I take the start up CD that came with the iMac, place it in the slot and do a total re-install? What would happen and is this a plausible idea? Or,,, should I just leave well enough alone? I feel like I just need to do a clean up of the system. Thanks!!!

How to Perform an Archive and Install
An Archive and Install will NOT erase your hard drive, but you must have sufficient free space for a second OS X installation which could be from 3-9 GBs depending upon the version of OS X and selected installation options. The free space requirement is over and above normal free space requirements which should be at least 6-10 GBs. Read all the linked references carefully before proceeding.
1. Be sure to use Disk Utility first to repair the disk before performing the Archive and Install.
Repairing the Hard Drive and Permissions
Boot from your OS X Installer disc. After the installer loads select your language and click on the Continue button. When the menu bar appears select Disk Utility from the Installer menu (Utilities menu for Tiger.) After DU loads select your hard drive entry (mfgr.'s ID and drive size) from the the left side list. In the DU status area you will see an entry for the S.M.A.R.T. status of the hard drive. If it does not say "Verified" then the hard drive is failing or failed. (SMART status is not reported on external Firewire or USB drives.) If the drive is "Verified" then select your OS X volume from the list on the left (sub-entry below the drive entry,) click on the First Aid tab, then click on the Repair Disk button. If DU reports any errors that have been fixed, then re-run Repair Disk until no errors are reported. If no errors are reported, then quit DU and return to the installer.
2. Do not proceed with an Archive and Install if DU reports errors it cannot fix. In that case use Disk Warrior and/or TechTool Pro to repair the hard drive. If neither can repair the drive, then you will have to erase the drive and reinstall from scratch.
3. Boot from your OS X Installer disc. After the installer loads select your language and click on the Continue button. When you reach the screen to select a destination drive click once on the destination drive then click on the Option button. Select the Archive and Install option. You have an option to preserve users and network preferences. Only select this option if you are sure you have no corrupted files in your user accounts. Otherwise leave this option unchecked. Click on the OK button and continue with the OS X Installation.
4. Upon completion of the Archive and Install you will have a Previous System Folder in the root directory. You should retain the PSF until you are sure you do not need to manually transfer any items from the PSF to your newly installed system.
5. After moving any items you want to keep from the PSF you should delete it. You can back it up if you prefer, but you must delete it from the hard drive.
6. You can now download a Combo Updater directly from Apple's download site to update your new system to the desired version as well as install any security or other updates. You can also do this using Software Update.

To Contribute or not - that is the question

Hi folks - this is my first post here so please bear with me.
I'm in the process of building a site for my local football
(soccer for all US readers) team - I'm using XHTML & CSS and
pulling it all together in DW8.
However, with over 18 teams at all age levels, to manage the
content on a weekly basis is going to be very time consuming, and
not something that I want to be involved with.
Therefore, I need a solution whereby the managers of each
team can easily add, remove, amend content on their own pages.
I've looked at CMS packages such as Etomite and Drupal, but
they seem to be very restrictive on layout of the site and won't
easily allow me to import my DW code.
Has anyone else come across this problem and found a cost
effective and easy (some of the managers are technophobes)
solution?
Hope to hear from some of you soon.
Thanks for reading this.
Dave
<Keep the web alive>

I have deployed contribute with schools and a community
website and it has
not been without its problems.
However, it is not difficult to use and I think an easier
solution than
trying to integrate a DW site with drupal etc.
Cost would be the decisive factor IMO
"(_seb_)" <[email protected]> wrote in message
news:evo451$fu6$[email protected]..
: lawrie wrote:
: > Hi Dave,
: > Contribute would be a very good solution to your
problem.
: > I think that you may need a separate license for each
of your 18
managers
: > unless they all use the same PC.
: >
: I personally don't consider Contribute to be very
technophobe-friendly,
and the major draw-back is
: that each one of your team managers will have to BUY
contribute, and even
then, they will only be
: able to update their site from ONE computer (the one they
have installed
Contribute on).
: The fact that contribute is deskop software as opposed to
browser software
makes it very
: constraining (and very old-fashion)...
: Then of course any other option requires some server-side
scripting
knowledge, which you might not
: want to spend time learning - however if you whish to
practice web
design/developpment seriously
: you'll have to learn it sooner or later.
: seb ( [email protected])
http://webtrans1.com | high-end web
design
: An Ingenious WebSite Builder:
http://sitelander.com

HT1040 trying to make an ibook and have 800 photos, want format of 8 photos/page, but default is not that- "create" the initial book from iphoto "album" it loads less than 800 pics and then when i change layout i have blanks.

trying to make an ibook and have 800 photos, want format of 8 photos/page, but default is not that- "create" the initial book from iphoto "album" it loads less than 800 pics and then when i change layout i have blanks.
if i clear the book so that it is all blanks and then try to load in the pictures i have it loses the chronology of the pictures that i had established in the album.
is there a way to import photos into an ibook template and keep the original order of the photos without having to do them one at a time?
also, is there a way to insert a photo rather than just dragging it? i have tried the cut and paste funciton but it doesn't seem to work, the target site doesn't seem to register with iphoto.
many thanks for your help.

Photos are added to book in chronological order. So if you want to add them to a book in the order you have placed them manually in an album do the following:
1 - select all the photos in the album.
2 - use the Photos ➙ Batch Change ➙ Date menu option as shown here. Select any date and add 1 minute between photos.
3 - select just one photo from the album and create a book from it.
4 - in the book click on the Options button ➙ Book Settings button and make sure the checkbox for Auto-layout pages is unchecked.
5 - drag the album with your book photos onto the book icon and they will be imported into the Photos tray of the book in your pre-determined order but not into the pages themselves.
OT

Saving the domain file in iWeb fails. I have tried deleting the cache. I see that the file uploads to iWeb but the message is that the domain.sites2 file can't be saved. I note that duplicating the domain gives me different size files. Ideas?

I have read other discussions and my problem persists.
I note that duplicating the domain file user/library/applications support/iweb/domain.sites2 gives me files of varying sizes (I'm at around 200Mb).
I tried rebuilding the cache ../library/caches/com.apple.iweb - no change
I found a note to delete also a preference file ../library/prefernces/com.apple.iweb bt found more than one (.../plist and .../plist.lockfile) so ducked that.
The website seems to update out of sync - as if I have a domain file elsewhere (in the cloud?) that is saving on my drive later - that doesn't make sense of the comments I have read. My domain.sites2 file is stadily growing - so one interpretation is that files are being saved and the error message is the error.
This has been a problem for about a year as I have tried many alternative solutions. I;m looking fro somethign substantially different.
One repeated situation is that I write a new page and upload it. I get the usual error message. I visit the site and there is the new page. My domain (on my machine) shows no new work, so I copy the stuff on the web back to my domain and steadily the file increases in size. Bewildering.
Everything is as up to date as it can be. I don't reboot very often as my machine is rarley off.
I'm looking for different ideas and approaches.....

Although some of the following will be a repeat but try the following:
delete the iWeb preference files, com.apple.iWeb.plist and com.apple.iWeb.plist.lockfile, that resides in your Home() /Library/Preferences folder.
go to your Home()/Library/Caches/com.apple.iWeb folder and delete its contents.
Click to view full size
launch iWeb and try again.
If that doesn't help continue with:
move the domain file from your Home/Library/Application Support/iWeb folder to the Desktop.
launch iWeb, create a new test site, save the new domain file and close iWeb.
go to the your Home/Library/Application Support/iWeb folder and delete the new domain file.
move your original domain file from the Desktop to the iWeb folder.
launch iWeb and try again.
OT

How can I tether via USB my iPhone 4S with iOS 7.1.1 to my MacBook with Snow Leopard 10.6.8 and iTunes 11.2.2 ?? Please note that at the same time Personal Hotspot via both WiFi and Bluetooth works perfectly!

How can I tether via USB my iPhone 4S with iOS 7.1.1 to my MacBook with Snow Leopard 10.6.8 and iTunes 11.2.2 ?? Please note that at the same time Personal Hotspot via both WiFi and Bluetooth works perfectly!

Hello, lustige luka.
Thank you for visiting Apple Support Communities.
The Personal Hotspot feature using USB should be as simple as connecting the device to your Mac via the USB cable when Hotspot is enabled. Here is some more information regarding this feature and an article that will provide some troubleshooting steps if you are experiencing an issue.
iOS: Understanding Personal Hotspot
http://support.apple.com/kb/ht4517
iOS: Troubleshooting Personal Hotspot
http://support.apple.com/kb/TS2756
Cheers,
Jason H.

I have a new iPod and now I can't buy something on it ,because of the safety questions. I have not the answers. I can't remember that answer the questions.

I have a new iPod and now I can't buy something on it ,because of the safety questions. I have not the answers. I can't remember that answer the questions.

Frequently asked questions about Apple ID - http://support.apple.com/kb/HE37 --> Can I change the answers to the security questions for my Apple ID? --> Yes. You can change the answers to the security questions provided when you originally signed up for your Apple ID. Go to My Apple ID (http://appleid.apple.com/) and click Manage your account.
Forgotten security questions - https://discussions.apple.com/message/18402551 and https://discussions.apple.com/message/18625296
More involved forgotten question issues - https://discussions.apple.com/thread/3961813
Kappy 09/2012 post about security questions - https://discussions.apple.com/message/19569468
John Galt's tips (09&11/2012) - https://discussions.apple.com/message/19809294 and https://discussions.apple.com/message/20229239
If none of the above work, contact iTunes Support at http://www.apple.com/support/itunes/contact/ and follow the instructions to report the issue to the iTunes Store.

Ok i have been trying to download albums, songs, apps, etc. and my itunes keeps asking me for the security question and for the life of me i cant remember the answers. I dont know what the email is that receives the question reset.

ok i have been trying to download albums, songs, apps, etc. and my itunes keeps asking me for the security question and for the life of me i cant remember the answers. I dont know what the email is that receives the question reset. is there anything i can do to fix this or am i screwed?

If you have music that was purchased on different iTunes accounts than the one you use, then you must provide the password, otherwise the tunes are not considered yours. You can turn off iCloud and just use the usual USB sync method. But I wonder whether you'll have the same problem?

Hi .. I can not re- set the questions of confidentiality in order to forget the answers in my account

Hi .. I can not re- set the questions of confidentiality in order to forget the answers in my account

If you aren't getting the reset link on the Password & Security section of your account on http://appleid.apple.com then you don't have a rescue email address (an alternate email address is different), and you won't be able to add one until you can answer your questions - you will have to contact Support in your country to get the questions reset.
Contacting Apple about account security : Contact Apple for help with Apple ID account security
If your country isn't on that page then try this form and explain and see what they reply with : https://ssl.apple.com/emea/support/itunes/contact.html
When they've been reset you can add a rescue email address for potential future use : Manage your Apple ID primary, rescue, alternate, and notification email addresses

To RAID or not to RAID, that is the question

People often ask: Should I raid my disks?
The question is simple, unfortunately the answer is not. So here I'm going to give you another guide to help you decide when a raid array is advantageous and how to go about it. Notice that this guide also applies to SSD's, with the expection of the parts about mechanical failure.
What is a RAID?
RAID is the acronym for "Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks". The concept originated at the University of Berkely in 1987 and was intended to create large storage capacity with smaller disks without the need for very expensive and reliable disks, that were very expensive at that time, often a tenfold of smaller disks. Today prices of hard disks have fallen so much that it often is more attractive to buy a single 1 TB disk than two 500 GB disks. That is the reason that today RAID is often described as "Redundant Array of Independent Disks".
The idea behind RAID is to have a number of disks co-operate in such a way that it looks like one big disk. Note that 'Spanning' is not in any way comparable to RAID, it is just a way, like inverse partitioning, to extend the base partition to use multiple disks, without changing the method of reading and writing to that extended partition.
Why use a RAID?
Now with these lower disks prices today, why would a video editor consider a raid array? There are two reasons:
1. Redundancy (or security)
2. Performance
Notice that it can be a combination of both reasons, it is not an 'either/or' reason.
Does a video editor need RAID?
No, if the above two reasons, redundancy and performance are not relevant. Yes if either or both reasons are relevant.
Re 1. Redundancy
Every mechanical disk will eventually fail, sometimes on the first day of use, sometimes only after several years of usage. When that happens, all data on that disk are lost and the only solution is to get a new disk and recreate the data from a backup (if you have one) or through tedious and time-consuming work. If that does not bother you and you can spare the time to recreate the data that were lost, then redundancy is not an issue for you. Keep in mind that disk failures often occur at inconvenient moments, on a weekend when the shops are closed and you can't get a replacement disk, or when you have a tight deadline.
Re 2. Performance
Opponents of RAID will often say that any modern disk is fast enough for video editing and they are right, but only to a certain extent. As fill rates of disks go up, performance goes down, sometimes by 50%. As the number of disk activities on the disk go up , like accessing (reading or writing) pagefile, media cache, previews, media, project file, output file, performance goes down the drain. The more tracks you have in your project, the more strain is put on your disk. 10 tracks require 10 times the bandwidth of a single track. The more applications you have open, the more your pagefile is used. This is especially apparent on systems with limited memory.
The following chart shows how fill rates on a single disk will impact performance:
Remember that I said previously the idea behind RAID is to have a number of disks co-operate in such a way that it looks like one big disk. That means a RAID will not fill up as fast as a single disk and not experience the same performance degradation.
RAID basics
Now that we have established the reasons why people may consider RAID, let's have a look at some of the basics.
Single or Multiple?
There are three methods to configure a RAID array: mirroring, striping and parity check. These are called levels and levels are subdivided in single or multiple levels, depending on the method used. A single level RAID0 is striping only and a multiple level RAID15 is a combination of mirroring (1) and parity check (5). Multiple levels are designated by combining two single levels, like a multiple RAID10, which is a combination of single level RAID0 with a single level RAID1.
Hardware or Software?
The difference is quite simple: hardware RAID controllers have their own processor and usually their own cache. Software RAID controllers use the CPU and the RAM on the motherboard. Hardware controllers are faster but also more expensive. For RAID levels without parity check like Raid0, Raid1 and Raid10 software controllers are quite good with a fast PC.
The common Promise and Highpoint cards are all software controllers that (mis)use the CPU and RAM memory. Real hardware RAID controllers all use their own IOP (I/O Processor) and cache (ever wondered why these hardware controllers are expensive?).
There are two kinds of software RAID's. One is controlled by the BIOS/drivers (like Promise/Highpoint) and the other is solely OS dependent. The first kind can be booted from, the second one can only be accessed after the OS has started. In performance terms they do not differ significantly.
For the technically inclined: Cluster size, Block size and Chunk size
In short: Cluster size applies to the partition and Block or Stripe size applies to the array.
With a cluster size of 4 KB, data are distributed across the partition in 4 KB parts. Suppose you have a 10 KB file, three full clusters will be occupied: 4 KB - 4 KB - 2 KB. The remaining 2 KB is called slackspace and can not be used by other files. With a block size (stripe) of 64 KB, data are distributed across the array disks in 64 KB parts. Suppose you have a 200 KB file, the first part of 64 KB is located on disk A, the second 64 KB is located on disk B, the third 64 KB is located on disk C and the remaining 8 KB on disk D. Here there is no slackspace, because the block size is subdivided into clusters. When working with audio/video material a large block size is faster than smaller block size. Working with smaller files a smaller block size is preferred.
Sometimes you have an option to set 'Chunk size', depending on the controller. It is the minimal size of a data request from the controller to a disk in the array and only useful when striping is used. Suppose you have a block size of 16 KB and you want to read a 1 MB file. The controller needs to read 64 times a block of 16 KB. With a chunk size of 32 KB the first two blocks will be read from the first disk, the next two blocks from the next disk, and so on. If the chunk size is 128 KB. the first 8 blocks will be read from the first disk, the next 8 block from the second disk, etcetera. Smaller chunks are advisable with smaller filer, larger chunks are better for larger (audio/video) files.
RAID Levels
For a full explanation of various RAID levels, look here: http://www.acnc.com/04_01_00/html
What are the benefits of each RAID level for video editing and what are the risks and benefits of each level to help you achieve better redundancy and/or better performance? I will try to summarize them below.
RAID0
The Band AID of RAID. There is no redundancy! There is a risk of losing all data that is a multiplier of the number of disks in the array. A 2 disk array carries twice the risk over a single disk, a X disk array carries X times the risk of losing it all.
A RAID0 is perfectly OK for data that you will not worry about if you lose them. Like pagefile, media cache, previews or rendered files. It may be a hassle if you have media files on it, because it requires recapturing, but not the end-of-the-world. It will be disastrous for project files.
Performance wise a RAID0 is almost X times as fast as a single disk, X being the number of disks in the array.
RAID1
The RAID level for the paranoid. It gives no performance gain whatsoever. It gives you redundancy, at the cost of a disk. If you are meticulous about backups and make them all the time, RAID1 may be a better solution, because you can never forget to make a backup, you can restore instantly. Remember backups require a disk as well. This RAID1 level can only be advised for the C drive IMO if you do not have any trust in the reliability of modern-day disks. It is of no use for video editing.
RAID3
The RAID level for video editors. There is redundancy! There is only a small performance hit when rebuilding an array after a disk failure due to the dedicated parity disk. There is quite a perfomance gain achieveable, but the drawback is that it requires a hardware controller from Areca. You could do worse, but apart from it being the Rolls-Royce amongst the hardware controllers, it is expensive like the car.
Performance wise it will achieve around 85% (X-1) on reads and 60% (X-1) on writes over a single disk with X being the number of disks in the array. So with a 6 disk array in RAID3, you get around 0.85x (6-1) = 425% the performance of a single disk on reads and 300% on writes.
RAID5 & RAID6
The RAID level for non-video applications with distributed parity. This makes for a somewhat severe hit in performance in case of a disk failure. The double parity in RAID6 makes it ideal for NAS applications.
The performance gain is slightly lower than with a RAID3. RAID6 requires a dedicated hardware controller, RAID5 can be run on a software controller but the CPU overhead negates to a large extent the performance gain.
RAID10
The RAID level for paranoids in a hurry. It delivers the same redundancy as RAID 1, but since it is a multilevel RAID, combined with a RAID0, delivers twice the performance of a single disk at four times the cost, apart from the controller. The main advantage is that you can have two disk failures at the same time without losing data, but what are the chances of that happening?
RAID30, 50 & 60
Just striped arrays of RAID 3, 5 or 6 which doubles the speed while keeping redundancy at the same level.
EXTRAS
RAID level 0 is striping, RAID level 1 is mirroring and RAID levels 3, 5 & 6 are parity check methods. For parity check methods, dedicated controllers offer the possibility of defining a hot-spare disk. A hot-spare disk is an extra disk that does not belong to the array, but is instantly available to take over from a failed disk in the array. Suppose you have a 6 disk RAID3 array with a single hot-spare disk and assume one disk fails. What happens? The data on the failed disk can be reconstructed in the background, while you keep working with negligeable impact on performance, to the hot-spare. In mere minutes your system is back at the performance level you were before the disk failure. Sometime later you take out the failed drive, replace it for a new drive and define that as the new hot-spare.
As stated earlier, dedicated hardware controllers use their own IOP and their own cache instead of using the memory on the mobo. The larger the cache on the controller, the better the performance, but the main benefits of cache memory are when handling random R+W activities. For sequential activities, like with video editing it does not pay to use more than 2 GB of cache maximum.
REDUNDANCY(or security)
Not using RAID entails the risk of a drive failing and losing all data. The same applies to using RAID0 (or better said AID0), only multiplied by the number of disks in the array.
RAID1 or 10 overcomes that risk by offering a mirror, an instant backup in case of failure at high cost.
RAID3, 5 or 6 offers protection for disk failure by reconstructing the lost data in the background (1 disk for RAID3 & 5, 2 disks for RAID6) while continuing your work. This is even enhanced by the use of hot-spares (a double assurance).
PERFORMANCE
RAID0 offers the best performance increase over a single disk, followed by RAID3, then RAID5 amd finally RAID6. RAID1 does not offer any performance increase.
Hardware RAID controllers offer the best performance and the best options (like adjustable block/stripe size and hot-spares), but they are costly.
SUMMARY
If you only have 3 or 4 disks in total, forget about RAID. Set them up as individual disks, or the better alternative, get more disks for better redundancy and better performance. What does it cost today to buy an extra disk when compared to the downtime you have when a single disk fails?
If you have room for at least 4 or more disks, apart from the OS disk, consider a RAID3 if you have an Areca controller, otherwise consider a RAID5.
If you have even more disks, consider a multilevel array by striping a parity check array to form a RAID30, 50 or 60.
If you can afford the investment get an Areca controller with battery backup module (BBM) and 2 GB of cache. Avoid as much as possible the use of software raids, especially under Windows if you can.
RAID, if properly configured will give you added redundancy (or security) to protect you from disk failure while you can continue working and will give you increased performance.
Look carefully at this chart to see what a properly configured RAID can do to performance and compare it to the earlier single disk chart to see the performance difference, while taking into consideration that you can have one disks (in each array) fail at the same time without data loss:
Hope this helps in deciding whether RAID is worthwhile for you.
WARNING: If you have a power outage without a UPS, all bets are off.
A power outage can destroy the contents of all your disks if you don't have a proper UPS. A BBM may not be sufficient to help in that case.

Harm,
thanks for your comment.
Your understanding was absolutely right.
Sorry my mistake its QNAP 639 PRO, populated with 5 1TB, one is empty.
So for my understanding, in my configuration you suggest NOT to use RAID-0. Im not willing to have more drives in my workstation becouse if my projekts are finished, i archiv on QNAP or archiv on other external drive.
My only intention is to have as much speed and as much performance as possible during developing a projekt
BTW QNAP i also use as media-center in combination with Sony PS3 to run the encoded files.
For my final understanding:
C: i understand
D: i understand
E and F: does it mean, when i create a projekt on E, all my captured and project-used MPEG - files should be situated in F? Or which media in F you mean?
Following your suggestions in want to rebulid Harms-Best Vista64-Benchmark comp to reach maximum speed and performance. Can i use in general the those hardware components (exept so many HD drives and exept Areca raid controller ) in my drive configuration C to F. Or would you suggest some changings in my situation?

WinXP: Too Log-Off or Not to Log-Off? That is the Question.

Do AV updates, Diskeeper opertations and other scheduled tasks (like the monitor shutting off per Power Manager settings) still function on WinXP Pro systems when the user is logged off (but still connected to shore power with the HDD still spinning)?
I've noticed faster and snappier performance when not going to standby or powering down every night on my T61p ..... I simply switch it to a low adaptive power mode with Lenovo's latest Power Manager over night (it's always in a docking station and never travels).
Thanks.
Two (I used to have Five) - T61p 15.4" WS T9300 2.5Ghz units, August 08/08 Builds with FX570M Nvidia Graphics; ... One W520 i7-2860QM w/2000M Nvidia Graphics (most recent acquisition and stupidly fast); .... One - T42 4:3 15" Flexview 1.8GHz with ATI Graphics (still perfect for traveling); ... Two - T500 15.4" units both with ATI HD3650 Graphics.

Hello,
The general rule of thumb is that if the program has a service, the program will then run non-interactively when no one is logged in, since services are run under the context of the SYSTEM account and not the currently logged-in user.
Regards,
Aryeh Goretsky
I am a volunteer and neither a Lenovo nor a Microsoft employee. • Dexter is a good dog • Dexter je dobrý pes
S230u (3347-4HU) • X220 (4286-CTO) • W510 (4318-CTO) • W530 (2441-4R3) • X100e (3508-CTO) • X120e (0596-CTO) • T61p (6459-CTO) • T43p (2678-H7U) • T42 (2378-R4U) • T23 (2648-LU7)
Deutsche Community Comunidad en Español Русскоязычное Сообщество

To Mac, or not to Mac, that is the question...

Okay, so I don't know if I'm allowed to ask this in this forum, but I'll give it a try anyway.
I will be starting college in the fall and will need a computer. I've had myself convinced for a while now that I want a MacBook...but now I'm starting to have second thoughts.
It's just that I've always used PCs in my life, I know how to do anything I want really on a PC, and I don't know if it's worth the bother to relearn a whole new system. Plus, I mean, I'm starting college, I should know how to use my computer before going, don't you agree? Just how hard is it to adjust?
Another issue is the whole windows/mac os thing in that I'm worried about programs running on it. I don't really understand how Boot Camp works. You just install Windows XP (do you have to buy it? is it a special mac version?) and your Mac turns into a Windows machine? As in it looks just like my HP lap top looks now, wiht the bar at the bottom, etc.? But then I've read some posts on these threads and ppl say you could get viruses that way b/c you are using windows. Which is one of the reasons I would want to switch to a mac. If you do use Windows and the Mac OS, you can just switch back and forth whenever you want? Are all the programs and files the same then in both systems? Like I wouldn't want half my files to be in one program and the other half in another. I don't know, I don't really understand it all.
Also, my mom got a MacBook and I guess they bought a new laser printer yesterday and had to return it today b/c they realized it's not apple compatible. They went to Office Max and realized barely any printers are apple compatible! The had the toughest time finding an affordable printer that they liked! How can this be? Is this how it's always going to be when I'm buying accessories?
I just love all the features the Mac has. I am constantly frustrated w/ Windows and all the **** viruses and adware I have on my computer, which is a major reason for my wanting to switch. FrontRow seems like the coolest thing ever. And the cool magnet things. And I already have an iPod, so they'd run nicely together. Plus, it's pretty. (I know it's a dumb reason to buy a computer, but I'm a girl, what can I say, that stuff is important to me.)
So anyway, I'm now debating between a MacBook and a tablet PC, possibly Gateway or IBM. Could anyone try to convince me one way or the other (considering I'm on a Mac discussion board, I'm sure it'll be the Mac way)? Thanks everyone, I really appreciate your help.

My guess is that you're likely to find more Mac users at a college than most other areas, so I wouldn't worry too much about 'making the switch' right before going to college -- you'll have lots of help nearby.
Boot Camp is pretty cool!
It's a free utility from Apple that basically prepares your Mac so it can run Windows XP. Boot Camp divides your hard drive into seperate areas (partitions) -- one for OS X and another for XP. Boot Camp doesn't come with a copy of Windows XP -- you'll need to provide that. The XP that Boot Camp installs isn't a special version for Mac -- it's the same version that runs on any computer, although to work with Boot Camp, you'll need an XP install CD that has Service Pack 2 applied. Once XP has been installed on your Macbook, it should look (and act) like XP on your HP (with the exception of any special tools/programs that HP loaded on your HP laptop, obviously).
When you restart your MacBook, it will boot into whichever OS that you set as the default. If you want to boot into the other OS, you just hold down the OPTION key when you restart and then you pick which OS to load. Your computer is basically divided into two systems, so no, programs are not automatically on both systems. If you install the Mac version of Microsoft Office in OS X, you're not going to have Excel/Word/etc when you boot into XP unless you specifically install the Windows version of Microsoft Office.
Regarding accessories, you always need to check that they work with OS X. My printer was a problem too. It was an el cheapo Samsung laser printer and Samsung apparently didn't feel like spending the money to write OS X drivers for it, but it turned out that an older Samsung OS X driver worked just fine. I had zero problems getting my Kodak camera to work -- I just plugged it in an OS X started using it ... no drivers to install or anything, which made it way easier than the crap I had to do in XP to get XP to see it. My iPod nano worked with no problems too.
I really, really love my MacBook. I don't know when you have to make your decision, but try using your moms as much as you can (if you can). I bought a Mac mini for my other half last year (birthday present). I had NO interest at that time in Macs or OS X, but after a few days of watching over his shoulder, I was hooked and got myself a mini (and then a PowerBook and then a MacBook Pro and then a MacBook) .. it's addicting.

HD Upper or lower interlace or not that is the question

Similar Messages

Maybe you are looking for