Help with standard guidelines

Team - Is there such thing as a guidelines document for creating Help?  I have a software vendor developing Help for me (with RoboHelp) for the IT system they are creating.  My concern is they aren't using any sort of recommended format.  It just feels wrong.  Any suggestions??

It was Colum McAndrew who replied to you. I blame his father for causing the confusion.
It is common for OLH to be created in a way that also generates a manual. How useful that is depends on the volume of text and the audience. If it is a complex application that can be configured in a zillion ways, then it is likely an app for a large organisation and someone there will want the complex explanations to help them write internal procedures. After that then it depends on whether the OLH is required to be exhaustive or whether separate training is available and the help is really an aide memoire.
Sometime an old fashioned approach is still good, sometimes it isn't.
Your knowledge of the users and what is being described has to be how you assess whether the OLH is fit for purpose.
See www.grainge.org for RoboHelp and Authoring tips
@petergrainge

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         padding-left: 10px;
    .twoColFixLtHdr #mainContent {
         margin-top: 0;
         margin-right: 0;
         margin-bottom: 0;
         margin-left: 250px;
         padding-top: 0;
         padding-right: 20px;
         padding-bottom: 0;
         padding-left: 20px;
         text-align: left;
    .twoColFixLtHdr #mainContent h1 {
         font-size: 48px;
         font-family: "Arial Rounded MT Bold";
         font-weight: bold;
    .twoColFixLtHdr #mainContent h2 {
         font-family: "Arial Rounded MT Bold";
         font-size: 32px;
    .twoColFixLtHdr #mainContent h3 {
         font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", Times, serif;
         font-style: italic;
         color: #CF0;
         font-size: 125%;
    .twoColFixLtHdr #mainContent h5 {
         font-size: 120%;
    .twoColFixLtHdr #footer {
         padding: 20px 10px 20px 20px;
         border-top: 1px solid #000000;
         background-color: #A3A3A3;
         font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
    .twoColFixLtHdr #footer p {
         margin: 0; /* zeroing the margins of the first element in the footer will avoid the possibility of margin collapse - a space between divs */
         padding: 10px 0; /* padding on this element will create space, just as the the margin would have, without the margin collapse issue */
    .fltrt { /* this class can be used to float an element right in your page. The floated element must precede the element it should be next to on the page. */
         float: right;
         margin-left: 8px;
    .fltlft { /* this class can be used to float an element left in your page */
         float: left;
         margin-right: 8px;
    .clearfloat { /* this class should be placed on a div or break element and should be the final element before the close of a container that should fully contain a float */
         clear:both;
        height:0;
        font-size: 1px;
        line-height: 0px;
    #paragraphFloat {
         width: 350px;
    #paragraphFloat2 {
         width: 350px;
    Please if anyone knows what I'm doing wrong please please let me know!  Since I am learning, I really want to get main concepts like this down so I am not constantly doing things the hard way!  Thank you! 
    Jayson

    1) Regarding validation, what does it do?
    It validates by telling you where your code isn't er... valid.  Sometimes the results are a bit jumbled but if you work through them one at a time and revalidate, it's a good way to learn.  If you fix all of the errors shown up through the validator you should end up with standards compliant code.  Not necessarily the best, most efficient code you can write but at least it will be valid and it helps you spot errors that hours of code-staring never seems to find.
    I don't use the DW validation tool because I find the W3c one easier.
    The W3c validator has a check box of HTML Tidy which can tidy up your code but it's not always as easy to see what changes.
    2) I know the <p> tag for spacing is wrong, I could just feel it in my bones.  I just didn't know what else to do.  If I <br> all the way down won't the code be just as cluttered?
    You're obviously a born web coder!
    <br> will bloat your page if you use them to position elements.
    Here you need to get used to a) the Block Model and b) CSS positioning.  Once you crack these, CSS opens up for you and becomes a little more intuitive.
    if you have two elements on top of each other rather than push them apart with other elements you do it with padding and/or margin.  There are things to watch out for here namely, collapsing margins but if you start to read up on the above, you'll get it.
    I just thought of something.  If I add a div in main content, align it to the bottom center with CSS, use a line break between it and the text above, and add the image in question in the new div, will the spacing between the text and image work itself out?  I just really want to get out of the <p> bad habit.
    Keep thinking!  Web design is not like desktop publishing or print.  Elements on a HTML page don't behave like paragraphs on a page.  Once you begin to figure out why not it all gets a little easier.
    If you want an image at the bottom an element you put that at the end of the content in that element.  Then you need to ensure there is no margin, padding or border between the img element and the next element (your footer).  HTML elements come with some styling that is applied by default in the browser.  Many web developers include a rule like this:
    body {
    margin: 0;
    padding:0;
    This sets the margin and padding to zero of course and it's purpose is to override the defaults.  Some people advocate applying similar rules to all elements and if your interested try googling Eric Meyer who has written about it online.
    One of the key purposes of CSS is to take styling out of the page.  It's leaner, more efficient for the viewer and the coder and helps with site management.
    3) AP divs are weird, and I did only use as a last resort.
    See? You're a natural!
    The reason is I am confused by the float and clear float classes.  My left column is floated left and that element is what I was having problems understanding.  I tried to make new divs and float right but I screwed it all up.  I am sure I am just not applying the clear float in the right places.
    Getting the hang of floating is key to CSS positioning.  You use a float if you want two elements to sit side by side on the page.  It disrupts the "document flow."  Ordinarily HTML elements are rendered one after the other, on top of each other.  Floating an element takes it out of the document flow and allows other elements to occupy its space.  When you float an element it should always have a width.  If the element below it also has a width, that width has to be sufficiently narrow to allow it to occupy the space.  In short, floated elements can't be wider than their containing element.
    The clear property is used after a float to stop an element occupying the space left by a floated element.  It works but confuses the heck out of me!
    So that leads me to my final point.  I am a novice too!  I might have fluffed a few of the technical points above but it's pretty much there.
    Regards
    Martin

  • Are some standard guidelines/steps to follow before approving Transports?

    Hi,
    can you help to with steps and procedures that needs to be followed before approving objects to be transported to Productions?
    Are some standard guidelines i.e steps to follow before approving Transports?
    Or, just the fact that a solution to a problem has been established in the Development and tested in the Test environment, it is ready to be moved to Production?
    Thanks

    <i>on your point 4:
    “. …. be sure that other requests/tasks are not locking these objects….”
    I believe if other requests are locking the objects then you probably can’t even add those objects to your transport, isn’t it?</i>
    Yes .you are correct.
    <i>also you noted that
    :… . Whenever you put objects in your task, lock them…”
    Isn’t this done automatically by the system? If so then provide how to do that (with tcodes please)</i>
    Yes added objects are locked automatically.
    To lock them manulally(if necessary), right click on TR-->Lock Objects.
    Here is an example whre you have to unlock and lock objects amnuallay..
    Leats assume your Objects are already collected in one TR1.
    Now you have acreated a new TR2 and want to transport only few objects from TR1.
    Then go to Transaction SE03>unlock Objects>Provide TR1--> execute(ignore the warning message).
    Then Collect the required objects in TR2 and release it.
    Now you have to lock the Objects on TR1. from context menu of TR1-->lock the Objects...
    makesure inbetween nobody changes the unlocked Objects otherwise it will cause in consistencies..
    you can also unlock required Objects manually but it's time consuming process...
    Message was edited by:
            Murali

  • Standards & Guidelines for SCM!

    Hi all,
    Im doing some research about SCM with Oracle Designer 6i? I really can use some best practices. How to set up a promotion model and how to make the translation to Designer.
    I already found one good document about this subject at: http://www.odtug.com/2001papers/stratton.pdf
    There must be more out there! Who can help me?
    Thanks and regards,
    Eric Bosten

    I have forgotten a link, look at: http://srmwww.gov.bc.ca/imb/3star/sdlc/4design/des6i_std/MSRM_CM_deliv.htm
    Im still looking for more Standards & Guidelines on this subject

  • CO-PA Cost Component do not match with Standard Cost Component Values

    Dear Members,
    The CO-PA Cost Components (as mapped through KE4R), do not match with Standard Cost Component values for the Group Currency. In local currency the values match.
    System is correctly picking up VPRS value, both in local currency and Group Currency, which is equal to the total of Standard Cost Components however, it is the Value Fields linked to the Standard Cost Components in Group Currency that do not match.
    In KE40, the Indicator is 4:Released Standard Cost Estimate matching Goods issue Date.
    I have verified KEPH/CKMLPKEPH tables. The values are same as that of VPRS.
    Any help/clues?
    Regards
    Satya

    Hi,
    In case of billing documents the group valuation approach is managed in the data structures of the legal valuation in additional value fields. To control costs and revenues in the different views separately, you must create additional value fields and assign them to the data structures.
    The field contents must be filled via the CO-PA user exit, they cannot be entered by assigning conditions to value fields. The profit center valuation is updated in a separate ledger. No separate value fields are necessary.
    The exit to be used is function module 'EXIT_SAPLKEII_002' ( enhancement COPA0005 ). Within the exit you have the complete SD data avaialble in the tables 'T_ACCIT' and 'T_ACCCR'. The conditions can be found in T_ACCIT and the corresponding values ( linked via 'POSNR' ) in table T_ACCCR. The PA line item and the corresponding SD item in table ACCIT
    can be mapped via the line item field 'RPOSN' and the field 'POSNR_SD' in table ACCIT.
    regards
    Waman

  • Basic system struggling with Standard Def MPG files

    We built two news editors about 6 months ago and needed to build both computers for $1200.  These were replacing two old Avid Newscutter XP systems from 2004...
    Because we were shooting DVCAM on DSR-250 camera's or to .mov/.avi DV files on nNovia QC Decks on the camera's, the files were basic DV 25Mbps content in SD.
    Based on the System Requirements of Adobe for Premiere CS5, I didn't feel I needed to build these as top end machines at the time.
    They are as follows:
    MSI Motherboard 77T-C45  http://www.newegg.com/Product/Product.aspx?Item=N82E16813130270
    AMD Phenom II X2 555 Black Edition 3.2 GHz http://www.newegg.com/Product/Product.aspx?Item=N82E16819103846
    Seagate Barracuda 80GB C: Boot Drive, Page File  http://www.newegg.com/Product/Product.aspx?Item=N82E16822148231
    Reused 1 TB Samsug 7200 rpm SATA Scratch drive from Avid system.  E:\  Projects, raw files, Media cache files
    Corsair XMS2 4GB (2x2GB) Dual Channel http://www.newegg.com/Product/Product.aspx?Item=N82E16820145184
    PNY nVidia Quadro FX 380 256 MB 128-bit GDDR3  http://www.newegg.com/Product/Product.aspx?Item=N82E16814133274
    Corsair 400W Power supply  http://www.newegg.com/Product/Product.aspx?Item=N82E16817139008
    Looking back at it now, and after reading a lot of posts, these systems are on the low end.  Guess that is how Adobe gets more people to buy software, make it look like it will run on what you have, after you shell out the cash on the program you realize you have to upgrade hardware too..
    The systems have been working great for the SD footage we needed them for.  We are not going HD anytime soon as our entire studio, routers, switcher, CG, playout system, studio camera's and pretty much everything else would need updating. So I wanted editors that were more user friendly and would handle what we were working with and that is what I got.  Figured in 3-5 years when HD comes along for us it will be time for entire new system on CS7 with 30 cores, 1 TB of memory and such... (More's Law)...
    So new twist to the issue.  We were having a lot of issues with camera's dying the last few months.  It was getting hard to keep the DSR-250s working and even though I can buy them for $1000-$1500 used off of e-bay and they are in way better shape than ours, they were big, bulky and our reporters "one man band" it a lot and two of the young women are just shy of 5 foot.  You should see a petite little reporter lug a huge shoulder mount camera up onto the tripod and run it when it is bigger than them.. Really funny!!
    So I pushed for new camera's and found the new Sony HXR-NX5U met all our needs in that it is a Z1/Z5 style camera (smaller format) but has "NO TAPE"...Shoots to SD cards and a 4 GB class 2 gives 58 min each in SD.
    It will shoot HD as AVCHD 24Mbps files and does SD as Mpeg-2 and 9 Mbps with AC3 audio.  I demo'd a camera from Sony and did a lot of testing with it, I played a few clips on the CS5 systems and everything seemed ok.  They did require a quick render and I think that has to do with the Mpeg-2 compression.  It is about 1/4-1/2 time render so a 5 minute clip will take 1-2.5 minutes roughly to render out.  Playback is ok even when not rendered but the video looks fuzzy on the CRT monitor looped off of our Firewire DSR-11 DVCAM deck.  Not a big deal, they can edit and render at the end before dumping to tape.
    Problem that came up today (we just started using the new camera's this week), when I went to diagnose system crashing, I found a simple news package on the timeline.  Maybe 40 small clips, edited into a package, with simple edits.  It was already rendered but I noticed the fan on the system was running fast which only happens if the CPU is working hard.  (Front Case Fan 120mm is on the CPU fan header PWM control, CPU fan is on Northbridge fan connector non-PWM controlled)  So the CPU fan (stock) is running at full speed but I used the MB temp monitoring to control the front fan so I could have a quiet system when it is not working hard.
    That led me to open the task manager.  I found that the CPU is running along at 94-98% for both Cores.  Ram is ok as Premiere was using about 1.8GB of the 4 GB in the system.  I checked the other system and it was doing the same thing.
    What is odd, is premiere is just sitting there with a timeline open, mpeg-2 clips on it and me not doing anything it stays at 92% continually.  I even close the project so I am out at the "new project" "Open Project" screen and no change.  If I hit exit, then the CPU drops right away down to 7% and is fine.  Open premiere back up into a project and CPU goes right back up.  During a timeline Render it is 100%.
    We are able to edit and they seem to work but it is causing the system to run Hot and is running the CPU at near max all the time. I added two more 80mm fans out the back that will help pull more hot air out.
    Is my chip way to slow for mpeg?  is there a setting that I must change to optimize editing mpeg-2?  I am assuming it is the work to decode the video on the fly, something the DV video didn't require so much CPU for.  I am not using GPU acceleration as I do not have a card that supports it even with the hack that I know of.  And GPU Acc. doesn't work for DV firewire output either.
    I am considering the following:
    1. Buy larger aftermarket CPU cooler and overclock my chip as many say this "Black Edition" with an unlocked multiplier is a breeze to overclock up to 4 Ghz range. (but still only 2 cores)
    2. Buy a replacement 4 or 6 core processor to replace it (also with the better than stock Cooler from above)
    The only problem is having to spend so much money on additional hardware.
    I am also going to optimize Windows 7 on these editors as I think Areo is running and other none essential things.
    The big question is why is it maxing out when doing NOTHING?????  Is it just trying to build that freeze frame on the screen as it is a picture between the I- frames? (i.e. not a real frame of video but one created by decoding the info of IPPBPPIPPBPPI etc.)
    Any idea's/help would be great.  Anyone else using this camera and the SD files?  I didn't think this would be an issue as I had read post that people were editing this kind of stuff on CS3 a few years back.  Can't believe it would cause a newer system so much grief..
    Mark

    function(){return A.apply(null,[this].concat($A(arguments)))}
    function(){return A.apply(null,[this].concat($A(arguments)))}Harm Millaard wrote:
    As you may have seen I posted your results. Your statement:
    Looking back at it now, and after reading a lot of posts, these systems are on the low end. 
    is damn accurate. 8-th rank from the bottom and around 32 x slower than a fast system, out of nearly 200 systems tested. For DV that is still perfectly acceptable, but for AVCHD it is not enough.
    Your problem is the same in every industry. One can increase productivity and reduce hazards or improve working conditions (like less bulky and heavy cameras), but only at a price, by investing in new technology. It makes no sense to only invest in new cameras, without also investing in new computer equipment. It would be similar to investing in new production machinery in a plant, but postponing the training required for employees to properly use that new machinery. IMO that is a typical example of 'penny-wise, pound foolish'.
    When I built these systems 8 months ago, I was originally going to get CS4, then I read on the site the CS5 was just around the corner, didn't want to buy the version on it's way out so I held off.  I had never been to this forum, wish I had, things might be different....  I went off of this list when deciding what we would need:
    Intel® Core™2 Duo or AMD Phenom® II processor; 64-bit support required
    64-bit operating system required: Microsoft® Windows Vista® Home Premium, Business, Ultimate, or Enterprise with Service Pack 1 or Windows® 7
    2GB of RAM (4GB or more recommended)
    10GB of available hard-disk space for installation; additional free space required during installation (cannot install on removable flash-based storage devices)
    7200 RPM hard drive for editing compressed video formats; RAID 0 for uncompressed
    1280x900 display with OpenGL 2.0–compatible graphics card
    Adobe-certified GPU card for GPU-accelerated performance
    Adobe-certified card for capture and export to tape for SD/HD workflows
    OHCI-compatible IEEE 1394 port for DV and HDV capture, export to tape, and transmit to DV device
    Sound card compatible with ASIO protocol or Microsoft Windows Driver Model
    DVD-ROM drive compatible with dual-layer DVDs (DVD+-R burner for burning DVDs; Blu-ray burner for creating Blu-ray Disc media)
    QuickTime 7.6.2 software required for QuickTime features
    Broadband Internet connection required for online services*
    I understand competely now that these systems are too slow, Adobe's own specs are way to low. I knew I was on the low end but the problem is we built them for DV so I wasn't expecting them to do much more than that.  According to Adobe, I was in the (recommended Spec, not even the minimum...)  If I was wanting to attempt AVCHD right now I would start over, but the desire now is to edit .mpg clips.  It seems to be able to do that but when we have a few on the timeline and they are rendered the CPU just maxes out for no reason. But I have trouble duplicating it myself...
    Today I went in and there was one .mpg clip on a timeline.  I checked the CPU and it was running at 98%.  I closed that project, started a new one with standard DV NTSC same as the reporters. Imported the same .mpg file that was on this reporters project.  I placed it on the timeline just as she had it and did some cuts and worked with it for over 5 minutes.  Rendered it all and the CPU looked fine, maybe 40-50% in bursts.  Playing it would cause it to go up some, stop it would go down.  Could not get it to do what it was doing for her.  Closed my project re-opened hers and boom CPU to 98% again.
    here are some screenshots:
    You can see here is where opening her project caused the spike.  Then not doing anything with Premiere it just floats along the top...
    Media Cache on E:\ Drive, same as the project and .mpg file.  1 TB 7200 RPM drive.
    Proceses that are running, mspaint only running as that is what I did the paste of the Alt+Print Screen to grab the task manager with.

  • Need help with NULL values in Crosstables

    Hello everybody,
    I need some help with NULL values and crosstables. My issue is the following:
    I have a query (BW - MDX-Query) that gives me turnover measures for each month. In Crystal Reports I choose crosstable to display this whereby I put all month in columns and all turnover-measures in rows. Each month that has a value (measures are not empty) is chown in the crosstables rows. So far so good. The problem occures when there are month that actually have no values (measures are empty). In that case these months are not chown in columns. But I need CR to display these columns and show the value 0. How can I do that?

    Hi Frank,
    Cross tab shows the data based on your column and these column fields are grouped and based on the group it will show your summaries. 
    If there is no data for any of your group it will not display that group.  In this case you will have to create a standard report which should look like cross tab and to get zero values you need to write formulas .
    Example if you want to display Moth wise sales :
    if Month() = 01 Then
    sum() else 0
    Now this formula will check if your month is Jan, then it will sum up the values else it will display zero value. 
    This is possible only through standard report not with Cross Tab.
    Thanks,
    Sastry

  • Help with complex Acrobat forms

    Hi Everyone,
    Background: I worked with another developer and completed a form for one of our clients but I need to know if the below change requests are even possible and if so if anyone would like to help with finishing the form. I am definitely willing to pay for an experts services as long as this can be done in a timely manner.
    What the form is - Our client wants a form that has text fields, drop down boxes and pages where images can be placed into the file and arrows drawn on it to point where the images are located on other images (some images are store layout maps). They would like to send this file out to their store managers, have them fill it in and then they would like the completed forms sent back so all of the information that was filled in (names, store names, addresses, square footage, etc) can be gathered into a database or excel file.
    What is completed so far
    - Cascading drop down boxes (user clicks on first drop down and whatever is selected changes the second drop down options, etc)
    - Most of the text fields for information gathering including city, state, store manager etc
    - Metric unit conversion boxes
    - Header text fields (read only) are used on several of the pages and are a combination of choices made in the drop down boxes and text fields.
    - Page footer info including page number
    - The over all layout of the pages is set
    Requested changes/additions
    Major must have:
    - Page Addition - There is a product page in the form (page 10) and the different stores will have a different number of these products to enter into the form so is there a way to add an ADD PAGE button on the page that when pressed will copy the product page to make a new product page? Now the product page has cascading drop down form fields on it so I would want to make sure the form fields are separate iterations of the form fields not just a duplicate of what was on the product page.
    - Footer adjustments - If we can do the above of adding pages then is it possible to at that point adjust the footer to reflect the page number changes? The footer shows the current page number then the form name and date.
    - Gather info - What is the best way to distribute these forms so that when returned completed the information can be gathered? I tried distributing via email which seems to work ok but the files might end up being too large for email so what is the best way to gather the completed info if say the files were ftp'd back?
    Minor:
    There are several minor change requests that I know are doable or that if not possible we can disregard. One that I am not sure about is if the color of the arrows in Acrobat can be changed from the default red?
    At first I was assuming that the Clients that get the forms needed Acrobat Standard or Pro 8 or 9 because I thought that the only way to add images was to use the Touch-Up Tool under advanced tools and right click to Place images. However I am pretty sure that if Reader Rights is enabled that images can be copy pasted into the file too if this is incorrect please let me know.
    If the above is not doable or if there is a better solution other than Acrobat forms to gather client information including allow the client to add images and place arrows then please let me know your thoughts.
    Any help or suggestions would be greatly appreciated and again id like to commission this out to anyone who is up for the challenge.
    Thanks in advance
    Jason

    Perhaps a better question is does anyone know a good developer?

  • Help with encapsulation and a specific case of design

    Hello all. I have been playing with Java (my first real language and first OOP language) for a couple months now. Right now I am trying to write my first real application, but I want to design it right and I am smashing my head against the wall with my data structure, specifically with encapsulation.
    I go into detail about my app below, but it gets long so for those who don't want to read that far, let me just put these two questions up front:
    1) How do principles of encapsulation change when members are complex objects rather than primitives? If the member objects themselves have only primitive members and show good encapsulation, does it make sense to pass a reference to them? Or does good encapsulation demand that I deep-clone all the way to the bottom of my data structure and pass only cloned objects through my top level accessors? Does the analysis change when the structure gets three or four levels deep? Don't DOM structures built of walkable nodes violate basic principles of encapsulation?
    2) "Encapsulation" is sometimes used to mean no public members, othertimes to mean no public members AND no setter methods. The reasons for the first are obvious, but why go to the extreme of the latter? More importantly HOW do you go to the extreme of the latter? Would an "updatePrices" method that updates encapsulated member prices based on calculations, taking a single argument of say the time of year be considered a "setter" method that violates the stricter vision of encapsulation?
    Even help with just those two questions would be great. For the masochistic, on to my app... The present code is at
    http://www.immortalcoil.org/drake/Code.zip
    The most basic form of the application is statistics driven flash card software for Japanese Kanji (Chinese characters). For those who do not know, these are ideographic characters that represent concepts rather than sounds. There are a few thousand. In abstract terms, my data structure needs to represent the following.
    -  There are a bunch of kanji.
       Each kanji is defined by:
       -  a single character (the kanji itself); and
       -  multiple readings which fall into two categories of "on" and "kun".
          Each reading is defined by:
          -  A string of hiragana or katakana (Japanese phoenetic characters); and
          -  Statistics that I keep to represent knowledge of that reading/kanji pair.Ideally the structure should be extensible. Later I might want to add statistics associated with the character itself rather than individual readings, for example. Right now I am thinking of building a data structure like so:
    -  A Vector that holds:
       -  custom KanjiEntry objects that each hold
          -  a kanji in a primitive char value; and
          -  two (on, kun) arrays or Vectors of custom Reading objects that hold
             -  the reading in a String; and
             -  statistics of some sort, probably in primitive valuesFirst of all, is this approach sensible in the rough outlines?
    Now, I need to be able to do the obvious things... save to and load from file, generate tables and views, and edit values. The quesiton of editting values raises the questions I identified above as (1) and (2). Say I want to pull up a reading, quiz the user on it, and update its statistics based on whether the user got it right or wrong. I could do all this through the KanjiEntry object with a setter method that takes a zillion arguments like:
    theKanjiEntry.setStatistic(
    "on",   // which set of readings
    2,      // which element in that array or Vector
    "score", // which statistic
    98);      // the valueOr I could pass a clone of the Reading object out, work with that, then tell the KanjiEntry to replace the original with my modified clone.
    My instincts balk at the first approach, and a little at the second. Doesn't it make more sense to work with a reference to the Reading object? Or is that bad encapsulation?
    A second point. When running flash cards, I do not care about the subtlties of the structure, like whether a reading is an on or a kun (although this is important when browsing a table representing the entire structure). All I really care about is kanij/reading pairings. And I should be able to quickly poll the Reading objects to see which ones need quizzing the most, based on their statistics. I was thinking of making a nice neat Hashtable with the keys being the kanji characters in Strings (not the KanjiEntry objects) and the values being the Reading objects. The result would be two indeces to the Reading objects... the basic structure and my ad hoc hashtable for runninq quizzes. Then I would just make sure that they stay in sync in terms of the higher level structure (like if a whole new KanjiEntry got added). Is this bad form, or even downright dangerous?
    Apart from good form, the other consideration bouncing around in my head is that if I get all crazy with deep cloning and filling the bottom level guys with instance methods then this puppy is going to get bloated or lag when there are several thousand kanji in memory at once.
    Any help would be appreciated.
    Drake

    Usually by better design. Move methods that use the
    getters inside the class that actually has the data....
    As a basic rule of thumb:
    The one who has the data is the one using it. If
    another class needs that data, wonder what for and
    consider moving that operation away from that class.
    Or move from pull to push: instead of A getting
    something from B, have B give it to A as a method
    call argument.Thanks for the response. I think I see what you are saying.. in my case it is something like this.
    Solution 1 (disfavored):
    public class kanjiDrill{ // a chunk of Swing GUI or something
         public void runDrill(Vector kanjiEntries){
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