How can I boot/run from external HD when internal HD is fried?

Background: I have an original vintage 2002 emac G4 1.25 that I've been messing with for the past couple of months due to slow running and hanging/crashing apps. I upgraded the RAM with an additional 256 MB several years ago and I was running OSX 10.2 without many problems until recently. I was getting messages about the hard drive being full, so I cleaned up and backed up my files to an external HD (USB, of course, since I hadn't found this forum at that time). Freeing up memory didn't help and neither did creating an administrator account, so I ran Apple Hardware Test, which turned up an error code: mem_/2/4 DIMM1/J1601
When I tried to do an erase and reinstall, the erase part went fine but the reinstall wouldn't work because (on the last of 4 discs) the machine returned a "can't write" error and suggested that the hard drive is unusable.
My questions: How can I use an external HD (Firewire, of course) to boot and run my emac when the internal HD is fried and there's no operating system on board? How do I install OSX on the external HD to boot the emac in the first place? Also, will the 384 MB of RAM be enough, or must I upgrade that, too? For that matter, what version of OSX would be best?
Thanks for any help you can offer. I am a long-time mac user (still have my Classic, which still works), and I'd really rather not replace the emac.

HFS stands for Hierarchical File System. The plus sign stands for extended or extended format.
This is the data system format that Apple uses for their operating systems.
When you buy an external hard drive device, typically they do not come pre-formatted.
You'll need to use the Disk Utility app in OS X in your username/Applications/Utilities folder on your eMac if it's still operational or when you start up your eMac from the OS X 10.5 DVD located in the Applications/Utilities folder.
You use this app to initialize and format the drive once it is connected to your eMac. If you wish, you can also, at that stage, partition the drive into separate variable size sections to make a large capacity HD more manageable.
You need to have a functioning stick of RAM in your eMac in order for it to boot up correctly.
The OS X startup routine looks for all components in your eMac that are necessary for a successful start up.
Your eMac will not boot up, even from CD/DVD, without any RAM installed.
If you have only one stick of RAM in your eMac and it's bad or corrupted, you'll need to purchase and Install a new stick of RAM to start.
You might as well purchase 2 brand new 1 GB RAM sticks for your eMac. 2 GBs
OS X 10.5 Leopard's minimum RAM requirements are 512 MBs of RAM.
Your eMac can max out at 2 GBs of RAM.
The specs for the RAM are PC2700 SDRAM, DDR333, 184 pins.
Here are links to websites I use to buy Mac accessories and Hard drives compatible with Macs.
http://eshop.macsales.com/shop/firewire/
http://www.lacie.com/us/products/range.htm?id=10033

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