How do I restore my mac mini and back up selected files

Hi everyone,
I have a question as I'm a little uncertain how to handle this:
I have a Mac Mini 2011, Processor  2 GHz Intel Core i7, Memory  4 GB 1333 MHz DDR3, Software  OS X 10.9.4 (13E28), with SATA Disks of 500GB each.  I have noticed it remarkably slowing down lately and I when I checked storage, it says I have 8.65 GB Audio, 117.21 GB Movies, 24.09 GB Photos, 17.34 GB Apps and 269.84 GB Other!!!  I guess my first question is what is that 269.84, but I still would like to back up the things important to me (like photos and misc work files) and just restore my mac to factory settings.  Is there any way I can send my Photos and files to my second SATA disk and restore the start-up disk?  (please explain as though I'm new to this... 
Thanks in advance!
Mike

Try reducing the other
OS X: What is "other" space in About This Mac?
http://thexlab.com/faqs/freeingspace.html
http://pondini.org/OSX/DiskSpace.html
start up disk full

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