How do I set up networking for DNS resolution?

I am setting up a brand new iMac (10.9.4). I've put the two internal DNS servers into the network configuration (Windows Servers running DNS). However pinging by hostname and FQDN doesn't work
Matts-iMac:~ mattgeorge$ ping victor.rafmuseum.local
ping: cannot resolve victor.rafmuseum.local: Unknown host
Interestingly, nslookup is fine:
Matts-iMac:~ mattgeorge$ nslookup victor.rafmuseum.local
Server: 172.16.0.11
Address: 172.16.0.11#53
Name: victor.rafmuseum.local
Address: 172.16.0.15
And pinging the IP address works correctly too. Windows servers appear in the finder and I can connect to them from there but the Connect to Server option again will not resolve a DNS address. Also in researching this I note that Directory Access no longer appears in Applications.
Tim

This is the chowder-headed default value that's arises from older Windows Server installations.   Microsoft fixed this in more recent versions.  Folks that didn't know DNS and that chose to take the default top-level domain from older Windows Server installations were led into a morass, unfortunately. 
You're basically going to have to run parallel DNS services until you can reconfigure those Windows Server DNS servers over into a valid top-level domain — when Microsoft specified this default of .local, .local was not a reserved top-level domain — or otherwise limp along here.   This because .local is a reserved domain now, as it's used for Bonjour/mDNS. 
The usual fix is to move into a real and registered domain, which is obviously a pain now, but only tends to get worse over time.
The usual workaround is to set up parallel DNS services, to add "local" to the list of search domains within network preferences (haven't tried this recently, but it was the old workaround for this case, see Mac OS X v10.4, 10.5, 10.6: How to look up ".local" hostnames via both Bonjour and standard DNS) and then incrementally migrate preferably to a real-and-registered domain over time, and/or to otherwise avoid using the .local domain where that's feasible. 
FWIW, rafmuseum.net is currently available for registration, and you can use a subdomain of one you already have — if one of those other existing registrations is associated with your organization — and there are a gazillion other new top-level domains now or coming online to choose from — though you can't have .local here, as that's RFC-reserved for Bonjour/mDNS activity.

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