How do you make use of the 2nd Ethernet port on the Mac Pro?

My Mac Pro's ethernet port connects it to the local network and the internet.
Under what circumstances would I make use of the 2nd port?
Are there any settings I'd have to set up in system preferences to make sure one is used for some things while the other is used for different things?
I'm asking because we might be making some changes to our network. We have a printer with a Fiery RIP and I'm pretty much the only one who prints to it. I was wondering if we could/should set up a direct, dedicated connection so that network traffic won't bog down print jobs.

The main use for that port today is to create a subnetwork for Internet Sharing. Software inside the Mac can act as a Router and provides new DHCP Addresses for the subnetwork. In general, the devices on the subnetwork would be inaccessible from anywhere else, due to Network Address Translation.
If you are concerned about heavy network traffic, consider upgrading your Switches (not Routers) to Gigabit Ethernet speeds and using Jumbo frames. (Routers are not involved in peer-to-peer transfers such as Printing when no Address Translation is involved.)
If you have an Industrial Router, you can combine the two Ethernet ports into one composite link for faster-than-Gigabit effective speeds, but it requires a special Router not generally available.

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