How does centrally-switched wireless handle broadcasts?

I'm not sure about how broadcasts are handled in a centrally-switched (not FlexConnect) environment. Our network has large /22 networks for wireless users...in a traditional wired world, that's a big broadcast domain. Add multiple /22 networks in an interface group and it's even bigger. Is this a concern? Will wireless clients really process broadcasts from these networks as wired clients would?

The WLC does not forward broadcast unless you have broadcast forwarding enabled on the WLC.
http://www.cisco.com/c/en/us/td/docs/solutions/Enterprise/Mobility/secwlandg20/sw2dg/ch4_2_SPMb.html#wp1307340
The WLC by default does not forward broadcast messages from WLAN clients back out onto the WLAN, which prevents a WLAN client from acting as a DHCP server and spoofing incorrect DHCP information.

Similar Messages

How does a switch learn its route

Hi
I have a cisco switch and somehow it finds the best route through different routers, I tested this with traceroute from the switch. How does the switch learn these routes?
Thanks
Dan

Hi Rick
Thanks for the info. My switch is a 3500 layer 2 switch. Here's the config for my switch:
Current configuration:
! Last configuration change at 16:04:28 GMT Wed Mar 15 2006
! NVRAM config last updated at 09:49:35 GMT Wed Apr 27 2005
version 12.0
no service pad
service timestamps debug uptime
service timestamps log uptime
service password-encryption
hostname switch1
enable secret 5 ttttttttttt
clock timezone GMT 1
ip subnet-zero
ip name-server 10.11.10.2
ip name-server 10.11.10.1
cluster enable l3 0
cluster member 1 mac-address 0007.ebc9.9380
cluster member 2 mac-address 0007.ebc9.94c0
cluster member 3 mac-address 0007.853f.6d00
interface FastEthernet0/1
switchport access vlan 102
interface FastEthernet0/2
duplex full
speed 100
port monitor FastEthernet0/8
switchport access vlan 110
interface FastEthernet0/3
switchport access vlan 102
interface FastEthernet0/4
switchport access vlan 102
interface FastEthernet0/5
port monitor FastEthernet0/19
port monitor FastEthernet0/22
switchport access vlan 100
interface FastEthernet0/6
switchport access vlan 101
interface FastEthernet0/7
duplex full
speed 100
switchport access vlan 102
interface FastEthernet0/8
duplex full
speed 100
switchport access vlan 110
interface FastEthernet0/9
duplex full
speed 100
switchport access vlan 102
interface FastEthernet0/10
duplex full
speed 100
switchport access vlan 102
interface FastEthernet0/11
duplex full
speed 100
switchport access vlan 102
interface FastEthernet0/12
switchport access vlan 101
interface FastEthernet0/13
switchport access vlan 102
interface FastEthernet0/14
duplex full
speed 100
port monitor FastEthernet0/23
switchport access vlan 102
interface FastEthernet0/15
duplex full
speed 100
switchport access vlan 102
interface FastEthernet0/16
duplex full
speed 100
switchport access vlan 108
interface FastEthernet0/17
duplex full
speed 100
switchport access vlan 108
interface FastEthernet0/18
duplex full
speed 100
switchport access vlan 102
interface FastEthernet0/19
duplex full
speed 100
switchport access vlan 100
interface FastEthernet0/20
duplex full
speed 100
switchport access vlan 108
switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
switchport trunk native vlan 108
switchport mode trunk
interface FastEthernet0/21
duplex full
speed 100
port monitor FastEthernet0/7
switchport access vlan 102
interface FastEthernet0/22
switchport access vlan 100
interface FastEthernet0/23
duplex full
speed 100
switchport access vlan 102
no cdp enable
interface FastEthernet0/24
switchport access vlan 102
interface GigabitEthernet0/1
switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
switchport trunk native vlan 102
switchport mode trunk
interface GigabitEthernet0/2
switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
switchport trunk native vlan 102
switchport mode trunk
interface VLAN1
no ip address
no ip directed-broadcast
ip nat outside
shutdown
interface VLAN102
ip address 10.11.8.21 255.255.248.0
no ip directed-broadcast
ip nat outside
ip nat inside source list 199 interface VLAN102 overload
logging facility local6
logging 10.11.9.21
logging 10.24.21.1
access-list 199 dynamic Cluster-NAT permit ip any any
banner motd ^C
Switch 1
^C
line con 0
password 7 xxxxxxxx
transport input none
stopbits 1
line vty 0 4
exec-timeout 35000 0
password 7 xxxxxxxx
login
line vty 5 15
password 7 xxxxxxxx
login
ntp clock-period 11259714
ntp server 10.11.9.21
end
I haven't got a default gateway, any idea how its finding its route?
Thanks again
Dan

How does a PC wirelessly print on a printer connected to an airport express

HI
how does a PC wirelessly print on a printer connected to an airport express?
my husband has a PC and I'm fed up with him using my macbook for printing
thanks

You can install [bonjour for Windows|http://support.apple.com/downloads/BonjourforWindows] or use [IP printing|http://www.macosxhints.com/article.php?story=2003072510530643]

In the Suite, how does the email portion handle spam?

In the Suite, how does the email portion handle spam?

Every email message you mark as spam (and also mark the ones that aren't spam that went in to your junk folder) helps it learn over time.
If you want more (extremely) technical information about it: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayesian_spam_filtering

How do I switch Wireless off on NB100?

How do I switch Wireless off on Netbook NB100?

Hi
The WLan on NB100 can be enabled and disabled using the keys FN + F1.
Pressing Fn + F1 changes Wireless (Wlan/BT /wireless WAN) On and OFF
Greets
By the way; if you would check the user manual, then you would find the info too. ;)

How does a voice gateway handle a call received from CUCM?

For example, I have a voice gateway configured via a SIP trunk as a device in CUCM. When our users dial the international pattern (8011!) and CUCM forwards that to the device(gateway) over the SIP trunk, how does the gateway handle that request in terms of matching dial-peers? Is it handled the same way a call incoming from the PSTN would be? By matching the destination pattern?
Ultimately what I'm trying to do is figure out whether our international calling is configured properly but that's difficult to do If I don't know what the gateway is doing with the call once it receives it from the CUCM.
Thanks in advance!

Thanks, we have a conference call Monday and I'll try some debugging to see what's going on. I am a little more confused now if that's possible because my understanding is that they can make INTL calls but based off of the configs I've seen and what you've told me they should be able to. Below are my configs. There is a translation profile applied but it points to a blank rule. I also didn't see any transformations in the route pattern.
mgcp profile default
dial-peer voice 1 pots
incoming called-number .
direct-inward-dial
port 0/0/0:23
dial-peer voice 100 voip
incoming called-number .
dtmf-relay rtp-nte
codec g711ulaw
ip qos dscp cs3 signaling
no vad
dial-peer voice 101 voip
destination-pattern 5...
session protocol sipv2
session target ipv4:x.x.x.x
dtmf-relay rtp-nte
codec g711ulaw
ip qos dscp cs3 signaling
no vad
dial-peer voice 2 pots
destination-pattern 911
port 0/0/0:23
forward-digits all
dial-peer voice 3 pots
destination-pattern 9[94]11
port 0/0/0:23
forward-digits 3
dial-peer voice 5 pots
translation-profile outgoing NATL
destination-pattern 9[2-9]......
port 0/0/0:23
forward-digits 7
dial-peer voice 6 pots
translation-profile outgoing NATL
destination-pattern 9707[2-9]......
port 0/0/0:23
dial-peer voice 7 pots
translation-profile outgoing NATL
destination-pattern 91[2-9]..[2-9]......
port 0/0/0:23
forward-digits 11
dial-peer voice 8 pots
translation-profile outgoing INTL
destination-pattern 9011T
port 0/0/0:23
prefix 011
voice translation-rule 10
rule 1 // // type any international plan any unknown

How does the iPhone 3G handle this???

If I save photos from my email, and there are multiple photos with the same name, how does the iPhone 3g behave? Since I can't see the filenames of the photos, I am unable to determine if any two images have the same filename.
Does the phone rename one? Overwrite one? What occurs??

That is exactly what I was talking about. I expected as much however I noticed the following occur. I save a photo from one source, and saved the exact same photo from another source (both have the same filename) I then deleted the first one that I saved, and both photos were deleted.
Is that the proper behavoire?

How does Siebel CRM Desktop handle attachments... clarifications?

I am not able to read out of the the two sentences in the documentation (How Siebel CRM Desktop Handles Attachments) if attachments are synchronized to CRM Desktop, or if they are accessed upon request via a Windows File Share connection. Also, in case attachments are synchronized to the road warriors, it is not clear to me if they are stored within the OST file or separately, in the file system.
Well, for the last question: as no separate file system is mentioned, I'd usually believe they are stored within the OST. However, I slightly doubt it, as that would inflate the OST file significantly - depending on the number and size of attachments.
Does anybody know?

Thanks Robert.
Do you have any code sample?
I can see that CL_CRM_DOCUMENTS->CREATE_WITH_TABLE takes binary input (parameter FILE_CONTENT_BINARY). And that's exactly what I have. I am, though, in doubt about the non-optional paramters LOIO and PHIO. Also, where do I tell the method which order I am attaching these files to? After running CRM_ORDER_MAINTAIN I will have the GUID that identifies the order, but i can't see where to put the GUID in the method above.
Regards
Lande

How does FCP Pro X handle mixed frame rate video clips?

My camcorders are by Canon and both can shoot 50i or 25p. Normally I shoot 25p to avoid interlace artefacts. As I understand it, FCP Pro X conforms the clips to match the initial clip in the storyline. But what would be the outcome if I included clips from another camcorder that only offered 30p? Would those clips be converted to 25p if the initial clip was 25p. Or, would the 25p clips be converted to 30p if the initial clip was 30p?
Assuming I made a movie entirely out 30p footage, would that be uploaded to You-Tube at that frame rate? If my movie is 25p is that converted to 30p for You-Tube upload? Could I otherwise export a QT movie to my desktop at 30 fps or any other frame rate?
It seems that the 25p setting on my camcorders still means that the recording is made as 50i but repackaged somehow. Can anyone explain please?
Yes, I am in the UK in a PAL environment.
AW.

But what would be the outcome if I included clips from another camcorder that only offered 30p? Would those clips be converted to 25p if the initial clip was 25p. Or, would the 25p clips be converted to 30p if the initial clip was 30p?
Subsequent clips will be converted to match the project settings created by the first clip into the timeline. I don't know how well FCP does this timebase conversion from NTSC to PAL frame rates or vice versa. Compressor would probably do a better job. There is also Standard Conversion software from Graeme Nattress that will do an excellent job.
YouTube will take either. You would need to use Compressor to change the frame rate on export, though you don't want to do that unless you absolutely have to.
Most consumer cameras do not actually shoot 25 separate frames when they're set to 25p. They shoot what's called segmented frames, two fields just as the 50i setting, only the two fields are supposed to be identical. That's the theory; in practice some cameras do this better than others.

How does the Garbage Collector handle reference-free objects?

Hi,
I am interested to know how the GC handle's objects created
without a reference.
The reason this has become of interest to me is that I have
created a "Title" class. The Title class animates each letter of
Title.text to appear in a cloud of smoke.
The smoke is a simple particle system class, when a particle
dies it removes it's associated MovieClip so that eventually all
MovieClip's have been destroyed.
Now in the Title class for each letter I do the following
(psuedo-code):
for( Title.text.length) {
CurrentLetter.twAlpha = new Tween( blah, blah, blah); //
object created
with a reference
new Smoke( CurrentLetter.x, CurrentLetter.y); // object
created
without a reference
Although this is technique is not one I would ever have
thought of in a language that doesn't use a garbage collector it is
mentioned in the Tween documentation and my class works as
intended.
The thing is although it works, it always bothers me when I
don't know precisely
why it works!
If it's working due to the short life span of the class in
question and thus simply missing the GC's window then this could be
problematic. If at some point it is still alive when the GC is
called then my class could be prematurely deleted.
Maybe a class which has a reference to an "alive" MovieClip
is immune from GC?
I Hope someone can shed some light on this topic as the GC is
something that is thinly documented to say the least!
:theory
p.s. first post!

Hi,
I would say it would be better use FREE itab at the end of the processing in your code. In the end-of-selection in your code, you can FREE all your itabs that were used in the program. This is one of the good approach of optimizing the memory.
Regards
Vimal

How does the Edge E540 handle audio? (e.g. DPC Latency)

Hi, I know that some other Lenovo models have problems with very high DPC latency, causing drop outs and crackles while using CPU-heavy audio programs (music productiong, DJing etc), but I couldn't find any info specific to the Edge E540. So do any of you have experiences (good/bad) with the Edge E540 and audio?

Hallo T1MUR,
vielen Dank für den Hinweis. Hat's gebracht!
Thanks a lot for that hint, I followed your suggestions and it worked just fine. The scripts you provided in my case all appear to just switch off KbdMgr.exe without leaving me with a lot of choices. I still have to figure out whether this behaviour can be improved by editing your batch files. For the time being it probably would suffice to kill the process in the windows task manager and to switch it on again if needed by double clicking it in the c:\programs\boot camp directory. One then has to reenable the function keys manually, whereas all other tunings affected by boot camp are kept. This is slightly inconvenient, but it's ok. The differences may be due to the fact that I am dealing with a MacBook Air, not a MacBook Pro.
Thanks again for your help, I really appreciated this.
Siggi Engelbrecht

How does the (ABAP) AS handle unused internal tables? (garbage collection?)

Hi,
Let's suppose i have a class, which contains a simple method like follow:
method do_this.
data lt_table type something_tab.
"do some manipulation on the lt_table.
endmethod.
So during runtime, at the moment when we leave the method "do_this", will the lt_table memory space be freed? Or is it still allocated? Do we need to use an explicit "free lt_table" statement?
I want to optimise memory usage in my code, and was wondering if such explicit calls to "free" is necessary.
Thank you,
Edited by: Huynh Van Du Tran on Mar 16, 2009 6:38 PM

Hi,
I would say it would be better use FREE itab at the end of the processing in your code. In the end-of-selection in your code, you can FREE all your itabs that were used in the program. This is one of the good approach of optimizing the memory.
Regards
Vimal

How does IDP handle multi-value attributes in directory?

I have a directory referenced by the IDP where the mail attribute is multi-value. Assertions being received by the SP are indicating that the mail attribute is null or empty. How does the Oracle IDP handle multi-value attributes from a directory? Is there a way to select the first entry in an array of multi-values?

On the IdP side, passing of multi-valued attributes is supported. Read this section:
http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/E10773_01/doc/oim.1014/b25355/configuring.htm#BCGCGFCJ
Snippet (under 'Delimited Data'):
"In addition to supporting and passing multi-valued attributes, Oracle Identity Federation can also support delimited data to provide multiple values for assertion attributes ......"
This information is also available on the OIF screen for 'Add Assertion Profile'.
On the SP side, mapping a multi-valued assertion attribute to a local user attribute is NOT supported. Read this section:
http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/E10773_01/doc/oim.1014/b25355/configuring.htm#BCGGEAEA
Snippet (under Submit/Reset button):
"Note: Mapping an assertion attribute containing multiple values to a local user is not supported."
So, basically, there is no way to send only the first value of an LDAP attribute.
-shetty2k

How does Photostream handle duplicate file names?

My sister has an iPhone and an iPad, and takes photos with both. Her husband has an iPhone, and also takes photos. They have a PC. Photostream is enabled on all of these devices.
Now, since all three devices use a simple sequential file numbering system (IMG_XXXX), they will produce duplicate file names.
This, of course, becomes an issue when you consolidate the photos taken by multiple iOS devices in one folder as is done by Photostream on PC.
Which brings me to my question: How does Photostream (on PC) handle duplicate file names? Does it simply overwrite, keeping the one with the latest date, or what? Does it inform the user in any way?
Oddly, I have seen little discussion on this. It really seems like Photostream is pointless

FOLLOWUP. Below, is a clearer explanation of my concern/question.
My sister has an iPhone and an iPad, and takes photos with both. Her husband has an iPhone, and also takes photos. Photostream is enabled on three devices. They have a PC. iCloud Control Panel for Windows is installed, and Photostream is enabled.
Now, since iOS devices use a simple sequential file numbering system (IMG_XXXX.JPG), when you consolidate these images into one folder as is done by Photostream on PC, you will sooner or later encounter two (or more) different photos that have the same file name. Different photos with the same file names can/will happen when you consolidate images taken with different iOS devices into the same folder.
Which brings me to my question:
How does Photostream (on PC) handle duplicate file names that are not duplicate images?
Q: Does it simply overwrite, perhaps keeping the one with the latest date taken? In this case Photostream will not contain all of the photos it should.
Q: Or, does it do something to create a unique filename when it encounters a duplicate file name? For example: IMG_0001, IMG_0001(1), IMG_0001(2)
Oddly, I have seen no discussion on this. I hope someone can help me understand how Photostream handles this so we can decide how best to use Photostream, or if it is a feature we want to disable.
Thank you,
Lilla

Confused: Central Switching/Local Switching

Was wondering if someone could explain local/central switching a little further, when it comes to HREAP/FlexConnect modes for CAPWAP AP's.
So in our environment, we're running 7.5.102.0 code on all of our WLC's. We have a central WLC in two of our regions(US and Europe). Each region provides internet services for the remote sites connected to it. So a site in Chicago comes back to our central office over an MPLS for their internet services; just as a site in italy comes back to our central office in the UK for their internet service over MPLS. These remote sites have AP's that are in FlexConnect mode back to the central WLC's.
My question......I understand that an AP in central switching mode tunnels the traffic back to the central controller, whereas local switching does not. However, what does that mean? If the WAN link goes down, how does local switching help? The internet is still down, since that's how the internet is advertised back from the central location. Does that just mean that local server can be accessed, over wireles, since we are in local switching mode? Same question for authentciation; Our AD servers are located at the central sites, with no AD servers at the remote sites. In local authentication mode, how would an AP register a user, if the MPLS link is down? Does it download some sort of cached directory for authentication?
Thanks for your help!

Yes, in local switching mode, wireless client traffic locally switched at the branch (you have to defined their SVI on branch switch) and they can access any branch resources whiel WAN link is down. If internet servie is provided by your central office, then they won't get internet services while your WAN link is down.
If you configured local authentication, yes WLC will pass credential (if WLC has user credential like WAP2-PSK or WEP) to AP where it can use for local authentication. If you are using dot1x with RADIUS & AD, then you should have redundancy of these services in order to Branch AP to use these in a situation controller is unavailable.
Following design guide should help you to understand this
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/solutions/Enterprise/Mobility/emob73dg/ch7_HREA.html#wp1103070
Here is some of my notes related to different modes of operation of H-REAP/FlexConnect, that should help you as well
http://mrncciew.com/2013/03/10/h-reap-modes-of-operation/
HTH
Rasika
**** Pls rate all useful responses ****

How does centrally-switched wireless handle broadcasts?

Similar Messages

Maybe you are looking for