How exactly does the soft-knee work?

How to calculate soft-knee time/ratio? How do I know exactly how early and with what intensity the soft-knee is compressing the signal before it reaches the threshold in relation to the ratio and threshold value. By this I mean is there a mathematical formula that says: "a threshold of -__dB with a soft-knee setting at __ compresses a signal __dB below the threshold with a __:1 ratio __ms before the threshold"?

The knee determines how a certain change in dB of the input will translate to a certain change in dB of the output.
Think of it this way: You have a graph of output level vs input level. If the graph is a straight line with a slope of 1 then an increase of 1dB in the input will result in an increase in 1 db of the output. In other words - no compression is happening. This is what happens below the Threshold
If the slope of the line is less then 1 (let's say it's 0.5) then a change in 1dB of the input signal results in only 0.5 dB increase in the output signal. That's a compression ratio of 2 to 1 or 1 to 2 depending on how you look at it. This is what happens above the threshold.
Now for the knee: If the compressor is a hard knee compressor then the transition from the line with a slope of 1 to the line with a slope of 0.5 is abrupt and occurs at the threshold. Immediately below the threshold there is no compression, it's 1to1 - input to output. Immediately above the threshold it's 2to1 - input to output.
If the compressor is a softknee comp then the transition from no compression to full compression is gradual. The line doesn't change slope instantly but is instead "rounded." The threshold, although, still dialed in as an exact value, becomes more of a range during which compression sets in.
Many famous compressors (LA's included) don't offer control over this knee parameter. It's hardwired into the device as either soft or hard. Of course software compressors usually offer control over the knee.
As for the LA-type clones - well I've never thought about selling one since doing so would, I'm sure, would cause Universal Audio to take legal action against me. Detailed parts lists and schematics are available free on the web for anyone who wants to try building one. Start here
http://www.conditionedresponse.com/DIY/LA2/index.html
The hardest thing is ordering all the parts - if you like soldering, that is.

Similar Messages

How exactly does the shotlist feature work?

I have finished my script and would now like to create a shotlist. I have noticed in the film script mode, the possibility to add a SHOT. however when I do this it wants to change the formatting of the entire script. I am not sure what is going on here. Does anyone already know how this feature works?
Any help would be greatly appreciated.
cheers
Angus

> Bavo.
>
> Would supporting versioning be enough to handle your production
> workflow issue? We can implement locked pages, locked scene, colored
> pages, etc but I'm not sure if it’s a must have considering that folks
> are freewheeling more than in the past.
That might be the case but there are still plenty of 'traditional' workflows,
so if you need to conform to their way of working you'll need it.
For me it's a mix between freewheeling (can also end in a really big mess) and
more controlled traditional way of doing things (usually when money/time
situation is a little easier and depending on production company).
So maybe a feature for 2.0?
> Thanks for sharing the shotlist information:
No thanks.
> I've seen the vertical lines. they make the script really hard to read
> and I also think it is really a paper based workflow more than a
> digital workflow. However, have you seen a lot of editors use a
> physical script marked up this way?
Avid has the workflow, don't know how many really use it in that integrated
way but I do know on long form projects the editor usually asks for the
continuity notes.
> Wouldn't it be better if this
> information flowed through digitally with the files captured from
> camera, at the time of logging at the end of the day's shoot?
Yes in an ideal situation.
However, how does it work when a tool like On Location is not available?
In that case I still like the lined script metaphor...
If it's too cluttered could you not implement a feature to optionally turn
on/off the lines once you constructed the shot list?
I'm also referring to prep when a director does a shot list before the
shoot (not merely the lining traditionally done by the continuity supervisor).
I also realize that the lining method only works when your script is more
or less finished (there we go again)... So flexibility is the key :-).
> The BBC uses horizontal cut lines instead of the vertical lines used by
> scripty's. They serve the same purpose and these shots (demarcated by
> cut lines) can be exported to create a shot list and camera cards for
> each camera person.
Nice if it works for them.
I've also seen this used where the wide shots were laid out at the bottom
and the closer shots near the top and that was supposed to correspond to
the emotional high points in the story. Whatever works.
> You can try exporting the shot list from Story using the production-
> breakdown reports menu. Let us know how it works for you.
Will test.

How well does the TomTom app work?

Let's hear it, how well does the TomTom app work compared to a dedicated GPS device? Are you using TomTom's special cat kit? Is there a way to load TomTom binary files (POIs) onto the iphone?

I have used a Garmin Nuvi760 for about 2 years and have been very pleased. When TomTom had a sale for $50 and now seems to be $60, I bought it. I also bought a kensington car mount. (http://us.kensington.com/html/17546.html). I like it. with my 3GS, there is no need for the amplified TomTom car kit. The speech quality could be better but it's loud enough. I do like the on screen presentations a bit more than my Garmin. I'm still getting used to the interface. It's a real good thing that I can use my contacts file to set destinations. My next step is to go on an 800 mile trip this month and compare the two systems side by side. So far, TomTom has not always made the best route choice and once sent me to the right address in an adjoining city. (This is southern Cal) Not good, but these are map issues which will always be evolving. Is it worth it? Yes. At $100, maybe. The good thing is that my phone is always with me and so is my GPS. I does put a drain on the battery, so it should be on charging while using in a car.

How exactly does the new iCloud accessing feature work?

I have heard that the new firmware allows access to any hard drives connected to an AirPort through iCloud.
How exactly does this feature work? Will the files be accessible on the web? Will I be able to mount the hard drive remotely if my computer is logged in with the same iCloud account?
Please clarify, as I am considering buying now.

The "magic" behind iCloud for accessing either your AirPort Extreme/Time Capsule or your Mac from the Internet is Back to My Mac (BtMM). For reference, iCloud replaced MobileMe.
Here are a few links for more details around BtMM:
Back to My Mac User Guide
Apple Support Article

How exactly does the memory in Labview Fpga work

I am using a PXI 7853 and I for the past few days I have been playing around with using Memory blocks in the FPGA .
Now I am relatively new to Labview FPGA programming and hence I would be grateful if someone could provide me with clarifications on teh following :
a) Since I am working on the development host computer when I initialize the Memory with the option of using a Memory initialization VI then how does it exactly happen in the backend .What I mean to ask is , when i change values of memory in the development computer and then compile the FPGA VI into the board ,is it that the Memory information is ported into the FPGA .If this is the case then in what form are the details initially saved in the development computer .
b) Is it possible for me to use the initialization VI method to change the valuesi n memory while the FPGA VI is running .If not ,then would it make a difference if I stop the VI and then change the values using initialization method .Would that actually reflect on the FPGA or should I have to re compile the FPGA VI every time I change the memory values in the development computer using the 'Initialization VI method ( that is available as an option when we right click on the memory block in the project explorer window )
I tried testing with simulation for FPGA VI and found that when i try to change the memory values by running the initialization VI . a pop up comes that says that it is not possible as the FPGA VI is still in use .
Any light on this or guidance with links would be highly appreciated
Cheers
sbkr
Solved!
Go to Solution.

sbkr wrote:
a) Since I am working on the development host computer when I initialize the Memory with the option of using a Memory initialization VI then how does it exactly happen in the backend .What I mean to ask is , when i change values of memory in the development computer and then compile the FPGA VI into the board ,is it that the Memory information is ported into the FPGA .If this is the case then in what form are the details initially saved in the development computer .
When you compile the FPGA VI, it will include the values used to initialize the memory.
Are you asking what happens if you run the FPGA VI on your development computer, and your FPGA VI writes to the memory block, will the new values be included when you compile the FPGA VI? No, those values will be lost. The values that are included in the bitfile are the values that you used to initialize the memory block, as defined in the memory properties dialog box. The initial values are saved in the LabVIEW project file along with the memory block definition.
sbkr wrote:
b) Is it possible for me to use the initialization VI method to change the valuesi n memory while the FPGA VI is running .If not ,then would it make a difference if I stop the VI and then change the values using initialization method .Would that actually reflect on the FPGA or should I have to re compile the FPGA VI every time I change the memory values in the development computer using the 'Initialization VI method ( that is available as an option when we right click on the memory block in the project explorer window )
You need to recompile the FPGA in order to use new initialization values, because those values are part of the FPGA bitfile.

How exactly does the trade in for iPhone 6 work?

Hi! I have had an iPhone 4 for quite some time and really need to upgrade. Would love for my upgrade to be with the latest model. The trade in sounded great since it would essentially be getting a new phone for free. I was just not completely sure how it works.
First part of question: Do I have to pay out of pocket the cost for upgrading to a new iPhone 6 and then I will essentially be reimbursed for my trade in with the gift card? Or do I trade in the phone, get the gift card and then use it to purchase the new phone?
Second:
I currently have a phone that has the screen incredibly cracked and damaged from a recent accident. The phone works, but I did receive a new iPhone 4 to replace it since I had insurance on it. I have yet to activate the new phone since I heard about this trade in and the new iPhone 6 coming out. Would I be able to trade in the completely new phone I have received to get the gift card even though I haven't used it? would I only be able to send in the damaged one only? Or could I send in both?
Third:
Is this something that could be done in store instead of online? If so what would the process be for that?
Fourth:
Would this change my current plan in terms of cost per month?
Thank you! Hope to hear back soon.

Hi Alohaei,
Sure! We know that every penny counts. You can follow the trade-in promotion using the instructions below:
Now that your iPhone 6 purchase has been completed, visit the online trade-in website to submit your trade request.
You’ll receive shipping materials to return your old device to Verizon Wireless within 7 days after receiving the your iPhone 6 or iPhone 6 Plus, but no later than 12/01/2014.
Note: Only 1 iPhone can be traded in at this promotional value for each new iPhone 6 or iPhone 6 Plus purchased with a new Verizon Edge agreement, 2-year contract, or when you pay full retail price. You'll receive shipping materials to return your old device to Verizon Wireless within 7 days after receiving your new iPhone 6 or iPhone 6 Plus, but no later than 12/01/14.
Please allow up to 4-6 weeks from receipt of trade-in device for the Verizon Wireless Gift Card to arrive if trade-in was submitted online.
Thanks,
PamelaF_VZW
Tweet us @vzwsupport

How exactly does the logical shift function work?

I think I am missing something very basic here - I am trying to left shift an 8 bit unsigned integer by one place (x<<1)in each iteration of a while loop. So if I start with a number, say 18, the first iteration I get 36, then 72, 144 and after this 32, 64 and so on. I'm not able to do this apparently simple operation in LabVIEW. I tried the logical shift function and a formula node, but both dont give me what I need. The formula node appears to be close in that it gives me 18,36,72,144 but after that I get 255 rather than 32. I dont understand what the logical shift function is doing here. I have attached a vi here that shows what I am trying to do. Any help explaining the mistake I am making will be greatly apprec
iated.
Thanks.
Attachments:
Logical_Shift.vi ‏17 KB

You have the inputs confused. If you want to left-shift by 1 at each iteration, the "1" goes on the upper "y" terminal and the number from the shift register (the "shiftee") goes at the bottom. (see attached modification).
LabVIEW Champion . Do more with less code and in less time .
Attachments:
Logical_Shift_2.vi ‏27 KB

How well does the calendar feature work?

i know some people had some problems early on. how well is it working now. what about the printed results? appreciate any feedback.

The new iPhoto 6 .0.3 update is supposed to fix the calendar problem. The first thing I created with V6 was a calendar and it turned out great. With the fix in the new update, it should be very useable.
0

How exact does the baud-rate must be configured?

Hallo!
I have troubles to configure the baud-rate of the CAN-module of the TMS320LF2406 DSP.
I can programm 122500 baud or 127500 baud, but not 125000. What is the tolerance for the baud-rate of the ni-can PCMCIA board?
When I select 125kBaud for ni-can I get an error: stuff or form failure when receiving.
Golubkov Andrej

If you have to run it at 122500 or 127500 baud, you can manually type in the baud rate. I currently have my card running at 800000 baud which is not a standard baud rate, so perhaps the 122500 or 127500 baud rate will work. attached is the code i used to set the baud rate. (altered for 122500 baud rate)
AttrIdList(0) = NC_ATTR_BAUD_RATE
AttrValueList(0) = 122500
AttrIdList(1) = NC_ATTR_START_ON_OPEN ' CAN Network Interface Object starts automatically
AttrValueList(1) = NC_TRUE
AttrIdList(2) = NC_ATTR_READ_Q_LEN
AttrValueList(2) = 0
AttrIdList(3) = NC_ATTR_WRITE_Q_LEN
AttrValueList(3) = 0
AttrIdList(4) = NC_ATTR_CAN_COMP_STD ' CAN arbitration ID for the standard frame comparator.
AttrValueList(4) =
NC_CAN_ARBID_NONE
AttrIdList(5) = NC_ATTR_CAN_MASK_STD
AttrValueList(5) = NC_CAN_MASK_STD_DONTCARE
AttrIdList(6) = NC_ATTR_CAN_COMP_XTD
AttrValueList(6) = NC_CAN_ARBID_NONE
AttrIdList(7) = NC_ATTR_CAN_MASK_XTD
AttrValueList(7) = NC_CAN_MASK_XTD_DONTCARE
Status = ncConfig("CAN0", 8, AttrIdList(0), AttrValueList(0))
txtStatus = CheckStat(Status, ("ncConfig " & checkCAN)) ' check for errors
If (txtStatus <> "") Then GoTo error:
Hopefully this works for you.
Marty

How does the Login process work?

Hello,
How exactly does the default 'Login' process on the login page work?
When the following code is executed:
wwv_flow_custom_auth_std.login(
P_UNAME => :P1_USERNAME,
P_PASSWORD => :P1_PASSWORD,
P_SESSION_ID => v('APP_SESSION'),
P_FLOW_PAGE => :APP_ID||':2'
Does the execution continue to the code below or is it halted and the user is redirected to the flow page?
I need to set the username and the user id (from SQL query WHERE username = :P1_USERNAME) ONLY IF the authentication has been successful, otherwise NULL them. What's the best way to do this?
After the wwv_flow_custom_auth_std.login(...), how can I check if the user has been authenticated?
Thanks :)
Pavel

hi pavel--
wwv_flow_custom_auth_std.login sets :APP_USER and then redirects to p_flow_page upon successful login. when you say, "I need to set the username and the user id (from SQL query WHERE username = :P1_USERNAME) *ONLY IF* the authentication has been successful, otherwise NULL them" i'm guessing that you really want your user to not be logged in upon unsuccessful credential verification. if so, that would already be handled by wwv_flow_custom_auth_std. a good way to see this in action is to examine how the Sample Application handles authentication. the login page 101 does call wwv_flow_custom_auth_std with the supplied credentials, but if you don't pass the Authentication Function check specified in the Sample Application's custom authentication scheme, the session is still invalid, and the user is still on page 101. i'm pretty sure that's the behavior you want, but please clarify if not.
thanks,
raj

How does the event structure work & ...

How does the event structure work & and how to modify the case example if you want to change the name of the case? I haven't a look at the manual but nothing about event structure is mentioned.

I know how it works.. =P

Why does the clone stamp work when I go from a darker colour to a lighter colour but not the other way around. How can I lighten up a dark area? Lasso tool takes from the wrong area too.

Why does the clone stamp work when I go from a darker color to a lighter color but not the other way around? How can I lighted a dark area? The Lasso tool takes from the wrong area.

c.pfaffenbichler wrote:
Why do you use the Blend Modes Lighter and Darker at all in this case and not simply Normal?
And what kept you from posting a screenshot?
I borrowed the image below for an HDR workshop I ran at the 2010 PSNZ National Convention, to demonstrate a method of removing halos. You'll remember that halos were a serious problem with early HDR, and while the halos in this image were caused by over sharpening, they are perfect for demonstrating this technique.
It relies on the fact that halos so often tend to put a lighter tone between the two areas where sharpening is being applied. Whether that is the sky abutting a dark line of hills, or the rock and little tower as in this image. I've uploaded it at the size it was supplied to me at (about 2700 pixels wide). So
Click to open the full image, right click and copy, and paste into Photoshop.
Select the clone tool, and set its blend mode to Darken.
Try to sample on a line horizontal to where you want to clone, to give the best tonal match, and start cloning.
Because the sky is darker than the halo, it overwrites it. But the rock is darker than the sky, so it has no affect.
It works even better if you clone on a new layer also set to Darken. No masking, just Photoshop blend mode magic.
You can also fix the little tower. Use a great big brush — just remember to sample horizontal to match the horizon.
Back then I was using the same trick with CAs after forgetting to fix them in ACR, and having done too much work to start again after spotting the problem.

How does the notify() call work in Java?

Hi!
Can someone help me:
How does the notify() call work in Java?
H�var

Java's Thread Tutorial
JavaWorld: Introduction to Java threads
IBM: Introduction to Java threads
Google: java+threads+tutorial

How does the copy button work in safari for ipad (copy button under facebbok share button)?

How does the copy button work in safari for ipad (copy button under facebbok share button)?

On a website ...
Tap the Action icon bottom of that window. (white square with a right facing arrow) then tap Facebook.
You should see the following depending on the what content the website can share.
Copy / Mail / Message / Twitter / Print / Bookmark

How does the Passbook application work? How am I able to import my plane ticket, concert ticket etc into Passbook?

How does the Passbook application work? How am I able to import my plane ticket, concert ticket etc into Passbook?

Try the following to fix the iTunes Can't Connect issue that you are having:
Open Settings.
Open General.
Open Date & Time.
Switch the Set Automatically setting to Off.
Open Set Date & Time.
Set the date to a year ahead.
Go back to the Home screen and open Passbook.
Tap the App Store button. The App Store should load.
Go back to Date & Time and turn on Set Automatically.
Thanks to: https://discussions.apple.com/message/19622208#19622208

How exactly does the soft-knee work?

Similar Messages

Maybe you are looking for