How Robust are Hierarchical Keywords?

In my existing image DAM (IMatch 3.5 for PC) I've got 11,000 images organized in almost 700 hierarchical categories, some up to 6 levels deep. Most images have 2-5 assigned categories, but several have up to 8. I'm planning on transitioning these hierarchical categories to Aperture keywords 1:1.
Question: Is Aperture up to the task? Can it easily handle this level of detail, or am I asking for a major headache?
Thanks,
Drew

Yes it can handle this as far as I know. But as other people have pointed out, the hierarchy is kind of half-implemented.
Hierarchy is stored, but not always displayed, and cannot directly be searched on the way you think it should be. Exporting always only sends the leaf keywords of the tree. See these articles and others:
http://homepage.mac.com/bagelturf/aparticles/metadata/key/key.html
http://homepage.mac.com/bagelturf/aparticles/metadata/keyhaunt/keyhaunt.html
http://homepage.mac.com/bagelturf/aparticles/metadata/keyhigh/keyhigh.html

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How to check IN paramers are oracle keywords or not

Hello
i am new in oracle word and i want to know, how i will check IN parameters are oracle keywords or not. if client using orale key wors as parameters then i will geneate error and exit from procedure..............
Regards.
Edited by: user13478428 on Dec 14, 2010 10:07 AM

dear sir
i am new already told. and i had write this dynamic procedure for a very good application.
i am using on front end dotnet and backend oracle 10g. so i write a dynamic procedure which is using to delete record. but now i want check from frontend, user sen me exact parameters or used oracle keyword like /*, */, //, drop and many more. if user send me such (oracle reserved word) parameters then it will destory my datbase and slowdown my application working.
so to stop such (oracle reserved word) as parameters , i check these parameters and stop my procedure execution.
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Edited by: user13478428 on Dec 14, 2010 10:07 AM

How to create in R/3 functional area hierarchies (0FUNC_AREA_0112_HIER)

Hi all,
First of all, thank you for your time, any help would be really appreciated and some points will be asigned to helpful answers.
Now my little problem...
We need to have in BW Functional Areas hierarchies.
To do that I have activated 0FUNC_AREA_0112_HIER from bc. The problem is that there aren´t any functional areas structures defined in R/3 for the moment.
I've been doing some tests creating structures in R/3, transaction SPRO, "Define finantial statement versions", but when I try to upload them to bw, they don't appear in the hierarchy flow of 0func_area infoobject but in 0gl_account, despite I have filled the flag of "assignment of functional areas is permitted".
Also in R/3, when I run transaction SE38, program RSA1HCAT, Datasource with hierarchy type=0FUNC_AREA_0112_HIER, an error message is displayed: "No hierarchy catalog in the source system".
That means they are not func area structures but GL account structures defined in R/3. Nobody in my team knows how to create these kind of structures so that I can load them as 0func_area hierarchies.
Could you help me please?
Thank you very much,
JuliaM

Hi Julia,
Got the same issue with trying to create/load the functional area hierarchy.
Don't know if this helps but if you want to use the hierarchy as defined by the financial statement version, use the hierarchy on the IOBJ 0GLACCEXT - Financial Statement Item.
Setup as follows:
IOBJ: 0GLACCEXT
Hier: 0GLACCEXT_T011_HIER
Text: 0FUNC_AREA_TEXT and 0GL_ACCOUNT_TEXT
I'll be monitoring your thread for an answer if your initial issue. If you find a solution elsewhere it would be great if you could post it here. Thanks!
Best Regards,
Anders

Hierarchical keywords and vista compatability

Any chance Lightroom could export/write Hierarchical Keywords that are compatible with Vista?
http://blogs.msdn.com/pix/archive/2007/02/01/hierarchical-tags-and-xmp.aspx
I expored a photo with hierarchical keywords in Lightroom and they did not appear in Windows Photo Gallery.
Looking at the jpg in notepad it appears that the parent/child relationship is not written in the XMP block. The keywords are instead flattened.

As far as I know there needs to be better standards on how hierarchical keywords are stored in XMP. It would be ideal if there was a standard to store hierarchical keywords in legacy ICPT fields, even though they were not designed for a hierarchy. Just getting everyone to agree on the delimiter would be a great help. I'd like to be able to store my hierarchical keywords on my jpg ICPT fields as a backup that is independent of side car files and ideally independent of any software, right now users have to jump through a lot of hoops to make keywords written in one application, perfectly compatible with another one.

Hierarchical keywords, collections and XMP

Hi, I tried to figure out how LR stores the hierarchical keyword tree in the XMP data. XMP data written by LR contains all the info to recreate the keyword hierarchy. While the keyword text strings are plain ascii, the keyword linking information seems to be in a block named <lr:privateRTKInfo>. Binary stuff... It would be great if there were some info by adobe on how to write XMP data for hierarchical keywords! Background is migration/duplication from another DAM. Also I dont see the need for 'collections' . There seems to be no other functionality than keywords and moreover 'collections' dont survive an XMP export/import (metadata->XMP->export, remove pic, import pic). I guess this is a bug... klaus

Nope. It's how it is. Collections, Snapshots, Virtual Copies and Stacks are not exported in XMP.

Hierarchical Keywords in Filter

Hello Everyone!
I have just moved from Windwos PSE8 with Organizer to PSE8 on Mac with Adobe Bridge. I am trying find my way in the Bridge application. Have searched and watched many videos on it over the internet but I still have one thing that is driving me nuts.
I realized that I could inport and understand my hierarchical keyword structure and have them showed up in the keywords panel (or whatever it is called) in an hierarchical way).
But when I try to use filter and filter my photos based on the keywords I can only see the deppest level word. For example, if I hava a Category of WildLife/Animal/Cat I can only see the keyword "cat". I may have another keyword like Toys/Fabric/Cat and in this case if I only specify the "cat" keywork I will end up with photos from both real and toy cats....
How can this be handled? One of the features that I loved from Organizer was the ability to seach based on differente hierarchical keywords.
Thanks a lot.
Paulo

iPhoto doesn't support hierardhical keywords. Only Aperture does. We don't know what Apple's plans are for updates to iPhoto as we're just users like yourself but you can put in a feature request to Apple via http://www.apple.com/feedback/iphoto.html.

Hierarchical keywords

Now that with LR 1.1 the db/library became finally usable, I wonder how consistent the keyword functionality in LR really is. On the left side we have the 'hierarchical keyword' panel which works great! However all the other keywording tools in the library module seem to deal always with single keywords. For example, if I have duplicate keywords at different hierarchy levels like in the following case:
things.vehicles.cars
events.2007.motorshow.cars
How do I deal with such cases when I use the keywording tool on the right panel? I think that the present mechanisms also enhances the probability for inconsistencies in the keyword tree because of typing errors. My feeling is that a single instance to define keywords in the hierarchical keyword tree and other tools to assign them to the pics would be the best, but maybe I simple don't fully understand the keyword concept in LR...

I have been taking a new look at some of my hierarchical keywords now that LR1.1 is out and am even more puzzled. I have a group of old images that had never been in LR, but had been re-organized in Vista Photo Gallery. When I tried importing some of them into LR1.1 they came in with the hierarchical tree intact in the Keyword Tags panel as pretty as you please with only the lowest level of the keyword chain displayed in Keywording. Then I copied a RAW file to my desktop, imported it into LR with no keywords, added the hierarchical keywords I had previously imported and exported the file to a new jpeg. Photo gallery added each keyword as a top-level keyword instead of adding them to the proper hierarchy. Those keywords are separated by commas in the picture/properties/details/tags field. What really puzzles me is that if I import a jpeg that I had previously exported from LR with a top level keyword and added to a keyword hierarchy in Photo Gallery it comes in with all the keywords in the hierarchy separated by a "/" even though I do have the "Treat "/" as a keyword separator" box checked in preferences. For my personal needs, it still more convenient to use only top level keywords in LR and to use the drag and drop method in Photo Gallery to organize them into hierarchies- at least until Adobe and Microsoft sort this out or someone shows me what I am doing wrong. Edit: I should say that I re-imported the just-exported jpeg file. It came in with the keywords separated by commas.

How to copy iPhoto keywords from one library to another

I have over 30 iPhoto Libraries. Managing them is great using iPhoto Library, but keyword management is awful (if iPLM has a way I haven't found it). I would like to know how to copy keywords from one library to another. It's a pain to have to continually doing manual setup.
In advance, THANKS!

With that many photos you might consider using one of the high end DAM (digital asset management) applications. I use Media Pro 1. It uses catalogs of thumbnails that are linked to the photos on your hard drive, CDs or wherever. A single catalog can hold 250,000 images. It uses Catalog Sets like Events in iPhoto. There are Categories which are like albums in iPhoto. Those and Catalog Sets are virtual. You can batch rename files once in the catalog either by date or text. The folders holding the photos on the hard drive can be set up auto update in the catalog so when you add a photo to the folder it will appear in the catalog. You can add keywords, hierarchical keywords, descriptions, etc. and write them back to the original file.
It has some built in editing capability and versioning capability. Clicking on a keyword will display all photos with that keyword quickly. Searches can be made across multiple catalogs and have the results displayed in a new catalog.
I use it as my primary DAM and iPhoto for special projects like books, etc. The catalogs can be viewed and keywords, descriptions added, etc. without the original files being available. You just can't do any editing, slideshows or anything that requires the full sized file.
OT

How do you use Keywords?

I'm curious how you use Keywords. I started to go into my pictures today and add them. I went first to the first Event I had and looked for any pictures of my kids. I was going to make my Keywords pretty broad. If they were aged 0 - 5, then that was my Keyword. But, then I had a picture of a brother and a sister, where the brother was 8 and the sister was 4. What to do? Then I changed it from 0-5 to 0-10. I've tagged about 300 of them that way, but now I'm wondering if it's worth the time. I know I can also use multiple Keywords, but that just seems to be a lot of work.
For reference, I name all my pictures when I input them. I use the following format: name of person - event (if pertinent) - town - year, so that might come out as Chip - Halloween - Golden - '08. That way, I find it pretty easy to find whatever I might be looking for.
Do you use Keywords? If so, how?
Thanks.
Chip

The BEST system of keywording is the system you will actually execute. So your priority should be figuring out what you are willing and happy to do on a fairly regular basis.
Since it already sounds like your system is a hassle, I don't know that your keyword needs to reflect the age---you can easily search on KW: Kids and Date Range: (whatever the young years would be) after the fact, and save yourself trouble while tagging. Or set that up as a Smart Album, and then once you've done the "okay when the kid was 0-4 that would be the dates 1990-1994", you don't need to do it again.
Certainly, though, you should be open to multiple keywords on the same photo--that's the power of keywords, to categorize the same photo in multiple aspects.
I don't bother naming my photos, but unlike TD, I create a lot of smaller events and name them pretty carefully, similar to your photo names. I use keywords for recurring themes, like Me, Family, Friends, Rivers, Flowers, or places I visit multiple times. Things with a beginning and ending, I lean on the event name to track, eg "Christmas Eve, Christmas--Opening Gifts, Christmas--Dinner, Christmas--Hanging Out".
I find it very important to use the shortcuts, so that I can skim through 300 pix from a national park and just hit f to apply the Family keyword, m to apply the Me keyword, w for pictures of water, l for pictures of flowers, etc. (The keyword pane must be open to use the shortcuts)
I tend to set up a smart album based on a keyword about the same time I set up a keyword, so that the list of smart albums helps me remember what I am doing with keywords. Also, thinking in terms of which albums you want to be browsing helps figure out how you need to keyword the photos--when your relatives or friends come over, what do you want to show them?

How do I transfer keywords in Lightroom from one computer to another?

How do I transfer keywords in Lightroom from one computer to another?

You know, in the one screen capture, from the old computer, we can see that the photo has the keyword "bees"
In the other screen capture, from the new computer, we cannot see the keyword "bees"
And better yet, show us the Keywording Panel instead of the Keyword List Panel
I am also concerned that you are showing us the original catalog on the new computer that you created via importing the photos. That's not what we want to see.
So please confirm that you are using the catalog file that was copied from the old computer, and when placed on the new computer, you double-clicked on that exact catalog file, and then created the screen capture. Please confirm that you are NOT looking at the catalog you created by importing the photos.

Inventory by LocationId (were locations are hierarchical)

Hi,
I have a problem with an inventory system I'm designing. It is an inventory system by LocationId. The problem I have is that the locations are hierarchical. By hierarchical I mean that a given location might belong to a next location.
For example given the following (simplified) schema of 3 tables (Locations, Articles and Inventory)
CREATE TABLE Locations (
LocationId INTEGER NOT NULL,
ParentLocationId INTEGER NULL,
CONSTRAINT w_Ub_LLAVE PRIMARY KEY (LocationId)
GO
INSERT INTO Locations (LocationId,ParentLocationId) VALUES (1,NULL);
INSERT INTO Locations (LocationId,ParentLocationId) VALUES (2,NULL);
INSERT INTO Locations (LocationId,ParentLocationId) VALUES (3,NULL);
INSERT INTO Locations (LocationId,ParentLocationId) VALUES (4,1);
INSERT INTO Locations (LocationId,ParentLocationId) VALUES (5,4);
INSERT INTO Locations (LocationId,ParentLocationId) VALUES (6,4);
INSERT INTO Locations (LocationId,ParentLocationId) VALUES (7,5);
CREATE TABLE Articles (
ItemId INTEGER NOT NULL,
Description VARCHAR(50),
CONSTRAINT ArticlePK PRIMARY KEY (ItemId)
GO
INSERT INTO Articles (ItemId,Description) VALUES (100,'BREAD');
CREATE TABLE Inventory (
LocationId INTEGER NOT NULL,
ItemId INTEGER NOT NULL,
Qty DECIMAL(14,4) NULL,
CONSTRAINT InventoryPK PRIMARY KEY (LocationId,ItemId)
GO
INSERT INTO Inventory (LocationId,ItemId,Qty) VALUES (1,100,5);
INSERT INTO Inventory (LocationId,ItemId,Qty) VALUES (2,100,5);
INSERT INTO Inventory (LocationId,ItemId,Qty) VALUES (3,100,5);
INSERT INTO Inventory (LocationId,ItemId,Qty) VALUES (4,100,5);
INSERT INTO Inventory (LocationId,ItemId,Qty) VALUES (5,100,5);
INSERT INTO Inventory (LocationId,ItemId,Qty) VALUES (6,100,5);
INSERT INTO Inventory (LocationId,ItemId,Qty) VALUES (7,100,5);
I would like to list the contents by locationId.
For example, if I list LocationId=1 I should get
5 (in LocationId = 1) +
5 (in LocationId = 4 which belongs to 1) +
5 (in LocationId=5 which belongs to 4 which belongs to 1) +
5 (in LocationId=6 which belongs to 4 which belongs to 1) +
5 (in LocationId=7 which belongs to 5 which belongs to 4 which belongs to 1)
= 25
If I list LocationId=7 I would only get 5 (those in locationId=7)
If I list LocationId=5 I would bet 10 (those in LocationId=5 and those in LocationId=7).
Hopefully I was able to explain myself. Does anybody know how this could be done?
Thanks,
Edgard

One way to solve this is expanding the hierarchy starting from the node in question all the way down till the last descendant. Then you can join the result to the inventory table to aggregate.
DECLARE @LocationId int =5;
WITH TC AS (
SELECT
LocationId AS ReportsTo,
LocationId
FROM
Locations
WHERE
LocationId = @LocationId
UNION ALL
SELECT
P.ReportsTo,
C.LocationId
FROM
TC AS P
INNER JOIN
Locations AS C
ON C.ParentLocationId = P.LocationId
SELECT
A.ReportsTo,
B.ItemId,
SUM(B.Qty) AS sum_Qty
FROM
TC AS A
INNER JOIN
Inventory AS B
ON A.LocationId = B.LocationId
GROUP BY
A.ReportsTo,
B.ItemId
GO
It gets a little bit more complicated if you want to see all locations, their quantities and the aggregation of the descendants.
WITH TC AS (
SELECT
LocationId AS ReportsTo,
LocationId
FROM
Locations
UNION ALL
SELECT
P.ReportsTo,
C.LocationId
FROM
TC AS P
INNER JOIN
Locations AS C
ON C.ParentLocationId = P.LocationId
, Agg AS (
SELECT
A.ReportsTo,
B.ItemId,
SUM(CASE WHEN A.ReportsTo = B.LocationId THEN B.Qty END) AS Qty,
SUM(B.Qty) AS TotalQty
FROM
TC AS A
INNER JOIN
Inventory AS B
ON A.LocationId = B.LocationId
GROUP BY
A.ReportsTo,
B.ItemId
, LocHie AS (
SELECT
LocationId,
CAST(LocationId AS varbinary(900)) AS SortBy,
0 AS lvl
FROM
Locations
WHERE
ParentLocationId IS NULL
UNION ALL
SELECT
C.LocationId,
CAST(P.SortBy + CAST(ROW_NUMBER() OVER(PARTITION BY P.LocationId ORDER BY C.LocationId) AS binary(8)) AS varbinary(900)),
P.lvl + 1
FROM
LocHie AS P
INNER JOIN
Locations AS C
ON C.ParentLocationId = P.LocationId
SELECT
REPLICATE('|', 8 * lvl) + LTRIM(A.LocationId) AS LocId,
B.ItemID,
B.Qty,
B.TotalQty
FROM
LocHie AS A
LEFT OUTER JOIN
Agg AS B
ON A.LocationId = B.ReportsTo
ORDER BY
A.SortBy;
GO
This approach will not perform well if you have too many levels in the hierarchy and a procedural approach that traverses each level at a time, starting from the leaves, will perform better.
Itzik Ben-Gan has a whole chapter dedicated to Graph theory in his book "Inside Microsoft® SQL Server® 2008: T-SQL Querying".
http://shop.oreilly.com/product/9780735626034.do
AMB
Some guidelines for posting questions...

Should I Avoid LR4 and Get LR3 Because of My Huge Hierarchical Keyword List?

I abandoned LR2 several years ago because it crashed from my hierarchical list of 12,000 keywords. (Botanical and common names and other terms.) I have been using CS5/Camera Raw/Bridge to manage and edit my images. The hierarchical list is necessary for my stock photo business.
I will soon be needing to compare and edit images for a book publication and gallery show and I am thinking I may need to return to LR so I can work more effciently. I do not care about not exporting some keywords or synonyms etc. I think (right now anyway) that it is fine that all keywords associated with the images get exported for my stock submissions. I ususally check off only the sub-keywords or sub-sub-sub keywords.
Here are my questions:
1) Is LR 3 able to handle my huge list of hierarchical keywords which is now larger than 12,000 words?
2) Should I upgrade to LR3 and not to LR4 to avoid the keyword mess I have been reading about but don't understand very well?
3) Is it possible to even upgrade to LR3 now that LR4 is released?
3) Would LR4 handle my keywords better or worse than LR2? Than LR3?
4) Is there a work efficiency reason to upgrade to CS6 without using any version of LR and continue using Bridge and Camera Raw as I have been?
5) Is there anything else I have not thought to ask? I am somewhat technically challenged and dread learning new software, having been burned in the past with ExpressionsMedia disaster and LR2 which crashed etc.
Thanks for any and all input from the forum!

I try to answer your questions. I also have a large list of hierarchical keywords (funny ... also botanical names) but not as much as you have.
1) I think that Lr3 is able to handle your list of keywords. I have not heard from anybody that there is a limit to the number of keywords that Lr is able to handle.
2) There seem to be some keyword issues in Lr4. My keywords were perfectly fine in Lr3 but after upgrading to Lr4 some of my keywords were not populated, meaning that the keywords themselves were listed in the keyword list but the image count showed 0. I still have my Lr3 catalog so was able to check (with Lr3) that, indeed, in Lr3 all the keywords in question were populated with the correct number of images. Fortunately there were not too many of these not-populated keywords, so I corrected the issue manually.
Since correct keywords are mandatory for your stock business, you are right in hesitating to upgrade to Lr4. In my opinion, the improvements that Lr4 offers over Lr3 are mainly in areas that are - probably - not so important to a stock business: improvements in the Develop Module and new Process Version, the Book Module, the map Module. On the other hand I would think that image management is paramount for you and in this area Lr4 is not much different than Lr3.
3) You will not be able to get an upgrade to Lr3 from Adobe now that Lr4 has been released. So you had to find a 3rd party vendor (B&H? Amazon?) who still sells Lr3.
4) Apart from the issue described above, I don't see any difference in keyword handling between Lr3 and Lr4. Lr2 is too far back for me - I don't remember.
5) My suggestion for you would be: You have to upgrade at some point. The longer you wait, the more difficult the transition will be because the differences of future versions to Lr2 will become greater. Since at the moment version 4.1 is in the works (there have been two RCs (Release candidates) of version 4.1 already), maybe it would be wise to wait until the final 4.1 version is out. maybe the keyword issues have been fixed.
6) You can "upgrade" to Lr4 and still have Lr2 on your system. All the Lr versions are stand-alone versions, not "plug-ins" for the previous versions. So you can have two (or more) different Lr versions on your system. So I would suggest that you upgrade to Lr 4.1 (once this version is out) but leave Lr2 on your system. When you Lr4 you will be asked if you want to upgrade your Lr catalog to Lr4 and you have the option of saving the Lr4 catalog as a different file, so that your Lr2 catalog is still available for Lr2 (Lr2 will not be able to work with the Lr4 catalog!). That way, if anything is amiss in Lr4 you can go back to Lr2 and work from there.

Option To Insert "/" Between Hierarchical Keywords

"Treat "/" as a keyword separator" works for me when importing on Vista. I would like to see it added as an option for export. For example, I have keyword hierarchies of Places/National Parks/Yellowstone and Wildlife/Bears/Grizzly in both LR and my Vista Photo Gallery. Having LR automatically insert "/" when I export would automatically add them to their proper place in Photo Gallery. I would expect that "Places/National Parks/Yellowstone,Wildlife/Bears/Grizzly" would pop up in Keyword Tags and that when exported the images would be added to their proper hierarchies. Of course, this should be optional.

So to sum up, I should be spending time devising a sensible keyword structure for the entire library, and then per project/import, select which keywords I'm likely going to use for this particular set of photos
Yes, find keyword sets for typical workflows - the ones you will need for family shots, for vacation trips, for specific projects you are working on.
That seems to make sense, however what happens if I have forgotten to add an already existing keyword to my button sets and add it later (using the textfield above the button set selector), will that duplicate the keyword (ie adding it again to the toplevel), or will it select the keyword from deep down in the already existing hierarchy (the preferred approach!)?
if you add an already existing keyword in the searchfield, the search will show all already defined versions of this keyword. You may have used it more than once - for example "Flower"
There are predefined keywords that may be using the same term. Click the one you want to use.
Then the existing keyword will be used.
You can add new keywords to the button set any time from the "Edit" panel:

How to make the keyword red in the searched document

if the word document are loaded into the blob field,when the proper document are searched by the keyword,how to make the keyword red in the selected document!
thanks a lot!

Take a look at the CTX_DOC.MARKUP procedure in the Oracle8i interMedia Text Reference.
<BLOCKQUOTE>quote:<HR>Originally posted by zhai ping ([email protected]):
if the word document are loaded into the blob field,when the proper document are searched by the keyword,how to make the keyword red in the selected document!
thanks a lot!<HR></BLOCKQUOTE>
null

How do I add keywords to my images using DW?

How do I add keywords to my images using DW?

Well, there's <meta> keywords, then there are "keywords", here's an example...
<meta name="keywords" content="everything, you, can, pack, into, this, tag, doesn't, matter, what, or, if, it, makes, sense">
...is totally obsolete for the reason I hint at in that tag example itself. There was a time, long ago in the dark ages of web design, where the keywords meta was actually used to determine page content to some degree. Developers immediately took advantage of it and started cramming everything they could think of into the <meta>, even totally unrelated but popular search terms, in the hopes that it would affect their rankings. It did, for a time, until the search engines got smarter and started totally ignoring the tag all together.
"Keywords" changed meaning after that. Now search engines actually look at your page content and determine what your page is about. Making keyword rich, relevant html text (not odd blocks of random coma separated text anymore) is one of the things (there are many pieces to Search Engine Optimization or SEO) that determines if someone finds you using a particular word or phrase.

How Robust are Hierarchical Keywords?

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