I think I need to reinstall, but not sure how?

I borrowed my best friend's MacBook OS X 10.4.11 while he is over seas. It was working fine, but now when I turn it on it shows a gray screen, then the apple, then the circle with a slash through it, then a folder with a question mark blinking! I can't get in it to do any type of Disk Utility and I don't have the disks What should I do? Please help, I don't want him coming home to a broken laptop.

If you are very lucky it could be a minor issue that might be resolved with running disk repair. Normally you would do this booted to an installer disc, but since you don't have that you can try effecting repairs using [fsk in Single User Mode|http://docs.info.apple.com/article.html?artnum=106214]. Also [Post by japamac about using fsk|http://discussions.apple.com/thread.jspa?threadID=1649143&tstart=0]
Here's the Apple document on the issue you report, but I don't see much of help to you in it since it is somewhat dated and you don't have the installer discs.
[Mac OS X: "Broken folder" icon, prohibitory sign, or kernel panic when computer starts|http://support.apple.com/kb/TS1892?viewlocale=en_US]
If you don't have the installer discs you can't replace the broken operating system and there's not much you can do until you get them. When you do you would need to use the archive and install feature, selecting to keep preferences and other configuration files.
My preference would also be to back up any critical files before doing any repair techniques. The only way you can do that at this stage is if you have another Mac and can start the problem one in Target disk mode and then copy the files onto the good Mac.

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    http://manuals.info.apple.com/en_US/iphone_user_guide.pdf

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    Thanks for using Apple Support Communities.
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    Welcome to the Apple Support Communities
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    Download EtreCheck from http://etresoft.com/etrecheck
    Click the [Click for support] links for help with non-Apple products.
    Click the [Click for details] links for more information about that line.
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            Color LCD 1280 x 800
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            Macintosh HD (disk0s2) / : 499.25 GB (422.45 GB free)
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        QuickTime Plugin: Version: 7.7.1
        AdobePDFViewerNPAPI: Version: 10.1.3 [Click for support]
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        OfficeLiveBrowserPlugin: Version: 12.3.5 [Click for support]
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        DirectorShockwave: Version: 12.1.3r153 - SDK 10.6 [Click for support]
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    3rd Party Preference Panes: ℹ️
        Flash Player  [Click for support]
        Growl  [Click for support]
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            22%    iTunes
             5%    ReportCrash
             2%    WindowServer
             1%    Microsoft PowerPoint
             1%    Google Chrome
    Top Processes by Memory: ℹ️
        241 MB    Google Chrome
        137 MB    Google Chrome Helper
        107 MB    Microsoft PowerPoint
        103 MB    Dropbox
        94 MB    mds
    Virtual Memory Information: ℹ️
        440 MB    Free RAM
        2.27 GB    Active RAM
        536 MB    Inactive RAM
        1.05 GB    Wired RAM
        8.03 GB    Page-ins
        908 MB    Page-outs
    Diagnostics Information: ℹ️
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        Mar 28, 2015, 12:01:36 PM    /Library/Logs/DiagnosticReports/Belkin Router Monitor & Setup_2015-03-28-120136_[redacted].crash
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        Mar 28, 2015, 12:01:25 PM    /Library/Logs/DiagnosticReports/Belkin Router Monitor & Setup_2015-03-28-120125_[redacted].crash
        Mar 28, 2015, 12:01:14 PM    /Library/Logs/DiagnosticReports/Belkin Router Monitor & Setup_2015-03-28-120114_[redacted].crash
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        Mar 28, 2015, 11:59:09 AM    /Library/Logs/DiagnosticReports/Belkin Router Monitor & Setup_2015-03-28-115909_[redacted].crash
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