Increasing speed between 2 Extremes with an Express

I have a rather tall house - four floors from basement to home office. It is not wired for ethernet and, since there are pretty much no unfinished areas to easily run cable, I use wireless throughout the house. Because I have an iMac, iPhone, iPad and, now, an Apple TV, I recently dumped my dlink wireless and bought two 802.11n Airport Extremes; one is in the basement and one in the home office on the top floor, which is where my Internet connection comes into the house (don't ask - I didn't put it up there). The AE in the office (AE1) is set to create a wireless network and the one in the basement (AE2) is set to extend a wireless network. Everything works, but I only get about 5Mbps in the basement, which is where Xbox, DVR and Apple TV all live.
I thought (based on a talk with one of the Apple Store employees) that I could add an 802.11n Express on either the first or second floor and increase my speed, but that doesn't seem to be working. The Express (AX) is also set to extend a wireless network. All three devices are configured with the same SSID, password, etc. As far as I can tell, the AX is only talking to AE1; looking at the 'Wireless Clients' I see the MAC address for AE1, but not for AE2. Am I wrong in thinking I can use the AX this way or that AE2 would show up as a client on the AX? Do I need to do something other than extend the wireless network? Do I need to use WDS?
All three devices are running firmware 7.5.2

Welcome to the discussion area, unkleho!
As you point out, ethernet connections would be the best way to go. If that's not possible, often the next best alternative is to use ethernet powerline adapters to deliver a pseudo ethernet signal between devices, in this case between your two AirPort Extreme devices. This will preserve bandwidth on the network in your situation much more effectively than wireless.
The AirPort Express is providing no benefit in your current setup to the AirPort Extreme downstairs. That's because the "extend a wireless network" setup works like the hub and spokes of a wheel. Your main AirPort Extreme is the "hub" and each other device resides at the end of a "spoke". Devices at the end of the spokes communicate directly to the hub, not to a device at the end of another spoke...something that the Apple folks should have known or explained to you.
WDS, frankly would be a very poor wireless choice. That's because WDS operates at only "g" wireless speeds and each relay or remote cuts the bandwidth on the entire network in half. So, with an AirPort Extreme upstairs, an AirPort Express as a relay and the other AirPort Extreme as a remote, you would have in effect, a "g" wireless network operating at only 1/4 of its capability.
Check out a pair of good quality ethernet powerline adapters from Cisco/Linksys or Netgear for your needs. When you can't run the ethernet cable, this is often the very best next option.

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