Information about Standard Characteristics

Hello,
Can anybody tell me, where I can find information about the utilization of Standard Characteristics?
i.e. 0EMPLOYEE, 0HRPOSITION, etc, not just HR, even OM and FI.
I know what is an InfoObject, characteristic or key figures, infocube, multiprovider,etc. But I would like to understand better the requirements that I do from a more functional vision.
Thanks and regards, Federico
Edited by: Federico Galban on Jul 5, 2008 3:42 AM

HI,
Use "Metadata Repository" to get more ioformation about these info objects.
Hope it helps
Regards,
Arun.M.D

Similar Messages

Changing from dev to standard edition causes "Could not obtain information about Windows NT group/user error code 0x6e."

Hello,
We recently upgrade our SQL Server 2012 SP1 (64bit) dev edition to standard edition, after we purchased the required licence and it was deployed in production.
Since the edition change, we are now receiving the following error, with some of our jobs, which have an e-mail step in them, which is causing the jobs to fail.
Msg 14661,Level 16, State 1, Procedure sp_send_dbmail, Line 517
Query execution failed: Msg 15404, Level 16, State 19, Server BL-SVR15, Line 1
Could not obtain information about Windows NT group/user 'BLUELIZARD\savaa', error code 0x6e.
Any ideas how to fix this issue? We were also having a similar error, when executing the jobs, but changing the job owner to SA has fixed this issue.
Thanks,
Andy.

Hi,
Which user account you used for SQL Server service, domain account or local account?
If it is domain account, are you able to log in to a machine with it?
Make sure that the password of account is not expired.
Also, grant the user Allowed to Authenticate permission and see how it helps.
Refer to the below article:
http://geeks.ms/blogs/ozonicco/archive/2013/01/14/208266.aspx
Thanks.
Tracy Cai
TechNet Community Support

Is there any standard report which give all information about purchase orde

hi
is there any standard report which give all information about purchase order.
i need following information from Purchase Order.
Vendor No, vendorname, PO No, basic , Excise , insurance , Frieght.
thanks .

Hi,
Try following
MC$G PURCHIS: Material Purchase Val Selection
MC$I PURCHIS: Material Purch Qty Selection
Kedar K

Apc asset, information about payments and debts to a vendor

Dear sap colleages
I need to know these information about an ASSET:
Purchased orders,
Items from purchase orders,
which of these items i've received, i've paid (also date), i've not paid ( amount of debt related to asset)
payments in advanced (date),
wich of these payments have been cleared (clearing date) and wich not,
who is the vendor,
other expenses (such as delivery)
the amount of taxes,
invoices related and NOT RELATED TO purchase order
payments without invoice
Which transactions do i need to follow?
or
Which document flow?
or
Which tables? Wich keys?
or
Is there a standard report that can give me such information?
Any documentation and/or code will be appreciated.
I need to program a report to integrate all these information.
Thanks and Kind Regards

Hi:
Regarding payments to vendors,refer to FBL1N - Display/Change Line Items .
Select the company code and then open items radio button and today date.It will show what are payments still to be paid to the vendor.If you select cleared items, it will show the payments paid to the vendor.If you select all items radio button, it will show all paid and unpaid payments to the vendor.
Check this report whether it fills your requirment.
When the user posts the business transaction, he has to input all the details, otherwise some of the information may be missing.
Please let me know if you need more information.
Assign points if useful.
Regards
Sridhar M

Way to consolidate information about vendors

Hello,
I have two or more vendor master data , that have different vendor no (LIFNR) but they relate to same vendor.
Example: Vendor A Vendor B , different ID but relate to the same vendor.
It is happened usually in cases that the VAT.Reg no. is changed and than I need to open another record in the vendor master data for the same vendor.
I need to find way when using control reports (LIS, BW, ME2L,ME2M..) to vendor B (LIFNR) the system will show also information about vendor A.
I need, standard way to consolidate information for two different vendor master data that relate to the same vendor.
Best Regards
Hadidit

you create new vendor and continue your business with the new vendor, but want the old vendor as well in the reports.
I dont think that there is anything available in standard SAP that you can automatically get both vendors into a e.g. ME2L report when you enter one vendor number in the selection.
I cannot imagine thatyou can run MR2M reports based on partner functions .
in vendor master control view is field called Group key that can be used to link old and new vendor number
f1 help says:
If the customer or the vendor belongs to a group, you can enter a group key here. The group key is freely assignable.
If you create a matchcode using this group key, group evaluations are possible.
But I have not seen this field in selection of ME2L.

EtreCheck version: 2.1.5 (108) Report generated 4 January 2015 14:29:26 GMT Click the [Support] links for help with non-Apple products. Click the [Details] links for more information about that line. Click the [Adware] links for help removing adware

My Mac is very slow and applications take a long time to load, especially Safari and iTunes. Please help. I have run the Etrecheck report and these are results.
Thanks Pat
EtreCheck version: 2.1.5 (108)
Report generated 4 January 2015 14:29:26 GMT
Click the [Support] links for help with non-Apple products.
Click the [Details] links for more information about that line.
Click the [Adware] links for help removing adware.
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iMac (21.5-inch, Mid 2011) (Verified)
iMac - model: iMac12,1
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4 GB RAM Upgradeable
BANK 0/DIMM0
2 GB DDR3 1333 MHz ok
BANK 1/DIMM0
2 GB DDR3 1333 MHz ok
BANK 0/DIMM1
empty empty empty empty
BANK 1/DIMM1
empty empty empty empty
Bluetooth: Old - Handoff/Airdrop2 not supported
Wireless: en1: 802.11 a/b/g/n
Video Information: ℹ️
AMD Radeon HD 6770M - VRAM: 512 MB
iMac 1920 x 1080
System Software: ℹ️
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Disk Information: ℹ️
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EFI (disk0s1) <not mounted> : 210 MB
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Recovery HD (disk0s3) <not mounted> [Recovery]: 650 MB
OPTIARC DVD RW AD-5690H
USB Information: ℹ️
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Seagate Expansion Desk 2 TB
EFI (disk1s1) <not mounted> : 210 MB
Seagate Expansion Drive (disk1s2) /Volumes/Seagate Expansion Drive : 2.00 TB (1.66 TB free)
Apple Inc. BRCM2046 Hub
Apple Inc. Bluetooth USB Host Controller
Apple Inc. iPhone
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Apple Computer, Inc. IR Receiver
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Kernel Extensions: ℹ️
/Library/Application Support/Avast/components/fileshield/unsigned
[loaded] com.avast.AvastFileShield (2.1.0 - SDK 10.9) [Support]
/Library/Application Support/Avast/components/proxy/unsigned
[loaded] com.avast.PacketForwarder (2.0 - SDK 10.9) [Support]
Problem System Launch Agents: ℹ️
[failed] com.apple.syncservices.SyncServer.plist
Launch Agents: ℹ️
[loaded] com.avast.userinit.plist [Support]
[running] com.epson.Epson_Low_Ink_Reminder.launcher.plist [Support]
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[running] com.epson.eventmanager.agent.plist [Support]
[loaded] com.oracle.java.Java-Updater.plist [Support]
[running] com.trusteer.rapport.rapportd.plist [Support]
Launch Daemons: ℹ️
[loaded] com.adobe.fpsaud.plist [Support]
[loaded] com.avast.init.plist [Support]
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[failed] com.avast.update.plist [Support]
[loaded] com.microsoft.office.licensing.helper.plist [Support]
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Internet Plug-ins: ℹ️
FlashPlayer-10.6: Version: 16.0.0.235 - SDK 10.6 [Support]
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patbythesea wrote:
Can I assume that with my Mac I do not need any additional virus protection software? If I do, what should I use?
See my Mac Malware Guide for help on protecting yourself from malware. You generally don't need anti-virus software.
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Information about Services

Hi,
we are using SRM 5.0
I need information about services in SRM
so, we have two types of product - material and service.
we have already tested shopping, bidding and other functionality with material. It is clear for me.
now it is time for service testing, and i have some questions:
1. When employee goes shopping - he chooses "Internal Goods/Services", then he click "Start". And a very long list of materials and services is displayed. Services and materials are mixed in alphabetical order.
Are there some ways for dividing this big list in two parts - materials and services? not to sort all of them by descending/ascending order, but to separate them, because to look for something in mixed list is impossible.
Can we make Product Type field to be mandatory for entering before displaying the results? I mean having a binocular near this field, and clicking on it will give us a chance to choose Services or Materials. It will make more simple the whole process.
2. After adding to a SC, are there any differences between processes with Materials and Services? Or no differences, and the same biddings, auctions and others..
3. What is the "Requests" menu in Go Shopping? for which purposes i can use it?
4. Managing Business Partners and it's employee, i have a check-box "service agent". Where this status of partner is use? i can't see in the shopping cart any fields for choosing a service agent
Will be very greatful and award points for helpful answers.
thnx

Hi,
1.Getting a F4 help for the field Product type would be standard modifictaion.However you could try mdofiying the O/P list which is displayed(e.g. sort it based on the product type).
Have a look at this thread for more pointers:
Re: Change in product display
3.Related thread:
"Request" menu option is for... ? :-(
BR,
Disha.

I need full information about FP_TEST_00

Hi,
          Can anyone plz provide the information about the program FP_TEST_00.
           Can i uset this program for converting the smartform to pdf, without saving the pdf fiel into local drive?
            Thanks.
Best Regards,
Purna.

Hi,
Check this link which gives details about this standard SAP program.
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw2004s/helpdata/en/43/f3228482221595e10000000a1553f7/frameset.htm
Hope this helps.
ashish

In depth information about SAP SRM

Hi,
i was wondering if there is a source or may somebody personally who can answer me some general questions about sap SRM, which go beyon the 10 page 40000feet-white paper of SAP.
- what is the main difference between MM and SRM
- how difficult is the migration/upgrade to SRM having a MM in place
- what standard purchasing processes are provided by SAP SRM
Thanks for your feedback
Torsten

Hi Torsten,
Indeed, it's quite complicated to answer your questions in some sentences.
Please check the available document sources, maybe you can help yourselves:
If you have an access to the service marketplace, see the note 1026369 for useful links. If not, see the following links (for some of them regisered user is needed):
- The online help is available at http://help.sap.com -> SAP Business Suite -> SAP Supplier Relationship Mgmt. or http://help.sap.com/content/documentation/erp/docu_sbs_erpsrm.htm
- Integrated Business Content: https://websmp201.sap-ag.de/ibc ;
- Installation And Upgrade Documentation: http://service.sap.com/instguides
mySAP Business Suite Applications -> mySAP SRM -> mySAP SRM Server 5.0
Download MasterGuide and scenario-specific instructions.
Follow this link for detailed understanding of srm business process.
- Installation and upgrade information is available at http://service.sap.com/srm-inst
- wiki: https://wiki.sdn.sap.com/wiki/display/SRM This is good starting point.
- Integrated Business Content for SRM is available at http://service.sap.com/ibc-srm
- SAP Best Practices are available at http://service.sap.com/bestpractices
- General product information about SRM is available on the SAP home page: http://www.sap.com/solutions/business-suite/srm/index.epx
Kind regards,
Peter

The Problem is about Standard Back Button Function in Report Program

The Problem is about Standard Back Button Function in the Report Program.
In the Report,First call screen Then Using "write" output some information,That is ok. but In the GUI When I press back button that is standard button,it exit screen to program.
My question is how can i do When i press back button,the screen can be back forward first screen instand of exit screen to program. Thanks .

This problem is solution.I call screen using T-code and submit report In PAI,at last return to PAI.That is OK.

The Problem is about Standard Back Button Function in the Report Program.

The Problem is about Standard Back Button Function in the Report Program.
In the Report,First call screen Then Using "write" output some information,That is ok. but In the GUI When I press back button that is standard button,it exit screen to program.
My question is how can i do When i press back button,the screen can be back forward first screen instand of exit screen to program. Thanks .

Hi,
You can define your own PF-STATUS and in that assign the function code for BACK button anything except 'BACK'.
The code would somewhat look like this:
SET PF-STATUS 'TEST'.
write : itab-col1,
itab-col2.
in the PF-STATUS 'TEST', assign the function code to BACK button as 'BCK'.
Now in your program you can use the event AT USER-COMMAND.
In this you can handle the functionality of BACK button.
Hope this helps.
Regards,
Himanshu

Get information about Weblogic Application Server knowing only port number.

Hi.
What kind of information about Weblogic Application Server can I get if I know only port which web application is deployed?
If it is true, how can I get it?

1, If you want a opportunity run your code at server instance started or restarted, please see:
http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/E13222_01/wls/docs81/config_xml/StartupClass.html
2, or you can package your code in a standard web application， deploy into the server instance.
a servlet required to start you service.

Need information about unicode

Hello friends,
I need informatiion about an unicode to change english language in to regional language.Please give me information about same.
Thanx,
Rahul Talele

Hi
Hope it will help you,.
Reward if help.
The Link will be helpful to you.
Re: Upgrade 4.6 to ECC - What are the responsibilites
regarding Unicode influence in Standard programs
Very good document:
http://www.doag.org/pub/docs/sig/sap/2004-03/Buhlinger_Maxi_Version.pdf
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/go/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/d37d1ad9-0b01-0010-ed9f-bc3222312dd8
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/go/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/589d18d9-0b01-0010-ac8a-8a22852061a2
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/go/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/f8e316d9-0b01-0010-8e95-829a58c1511a
You need to use the transaction UCCHECK.
The report documentation is here
ABAP Unicode Scan Tool UCCHECK
You can use transaction UCCHECK to examine a Unicode program set for syntax errors without having to set the program attribute "Unicode checks active" for every individual program. From the list of Unicode syntax errors, you can go directly to the affected programs and remove the errors. It is also possible to automatically create transport requests and set the Unicode program attribute for a program set.
Some application-specific checks, which draw your attention to program points that are not Unicode-compatible, are also integrated.
Selection of Objects:
The program objects can be selected according to object name, object type, author (TADIR), package, and original system. For the Unicode syntax check, only object types for which an independent syntax check can be carried out are appropriate. The following object types are possibilities:
PROG Report
CLAS Class
FUGR Function groups
FUGX Function group (with customer include, customer area)
FUGS Function group (with customer include, SAP area)
LDBA Logical Database
CNTX Context
TYPE Type pool
INTF Interface
Only Examine Programs with Non-Activated Unicode Flag
By default, the system only displays program objects that have not yet set the Unicode attribute. If you want to use UCCHECK to process program objects that have already set the attribute, you can deactivate this option.
Only Objects with TADIR Entry
By default, the system only displays program objects with a TADIR entry. If you want to examine programs that don't have a TADIR entry, for example locally generated programs without a package, you can deactivate this option.
Exclude Packages $*
By default, the system does not display program objects that are in a local, non-transportable package. If you want to examine programs that are in such a package, you can deactivate this option.
Display Modified SAP Programs Also
By default, SAP programs are not checked in customer systems. If you also want to check SAP programs that were modified in a customer system (see transaction SE95), you can activate this option.
Maximum Number of Programs:
To avoid timeouts or unexpectedly long waiting times, the maximum number of program objects is preset to 50. If you want to examine more objects, you must increase the maximum number or run a SAMT scan (general program set processing). The latter also has the advantage that the data is stored persistently. Proceed as follows:
- Call transaction SAMT
- Create task with program RSUNISCAN_FINAL, subroutine SAMT_SEARCH
For further information refer to documentation for transaction SAMT.
Displaying Points that Cannot Be Analyzed Statically
If you choose this option, you get an overview of the program points, where a static check for Unicode syntax errors is not possible. This can be the case if, for example, parameters or field symbols are not typed or you are accessing a field or structure with variable length/offset. At these points the system only tests at runtime whether the code is sufficient for the stricter Unicode tests. If possible, you should assign types to the variables used, otherwise you must check runtime behavior after the Unicode attribute has been set.
To be able to differentiate between your own and foreign code (for example when using standard includes or generated includes), there is a selection option for the includes to be displayed. By default, the system excludes the standard includes of the view maintenance LSVIM* from the display, because they cause a large number of messages that are not relevant for the Unicode conversion. It is recommended that you also exclude the generated function group-specific includes of the view maintenance (usually L<function group name>F00 and L<function group name>I00) from the display.
Similarly to the process in the extended syntax check, you can hide the warning using the pseudo comment ("#EC *).
Applikation-Specific Checks
These checks indicate program points that represent a public interface but are not Unicode-compatible. Under Unicode, the corresponding interfaces change according to the referenced documentation and must be adapted appropriately.
View Maintenance
Parts of the view maintenance generated in older releases are not Unicode-compatible. The relevant parts can be regenerated with a service report.
UPLOAD/DOWNLOAD
The function modules UPLOAD, DOWNLOAD or WS_UPLOAD and WS_DOWNLOAD are obsolete and cannot run under Unicode. Refer to the documentation for these modules to find out which routines serve as replacements.

Need information about Internal Tables

Hi Every one!
I Need some information about Internal tables. Pls help be above the same.
Thanks & with Regards,
Chandra.

Hi..,

Internal tables 
Internal tables provide a means of taking data from a fixed structure and storing it in working memory in ABAP. The data is stored line by line in memory, and each line has the same structure. In ABAP, internal tables fulfill the function of arrays. Since they are dynamic data objects, they save the programmer the task of dynamic memory management in his or her programs. You should use internal tables whenever you want to process a dataset with a fixed structure within a program. A particularly important use for internal tables is for storing and formatting data from a database table within a program. They are also a good way of including very complicated data structures in an ABAP program.
Like all elements in the ABAP type concept, internal tables can exist both as data types and as data objects A data type is the abstract description of an internal table, either in a program or centrally in the ABAP Dictionary, that you use to create a concrete data object. The data type is also an attribute of an existing data object.
Internal Tables as Data Types
Internal tables and structures are the two structured data types in ABAP. The data type of an internal table is fully specified by its line type, key, and table type.
Line type
The line type of an internal table can be any data type. The data type of an internal table is normally a structure. Each component of the structure is a column in the internal table. However, the line type may also be elementary or another internal table.
Key
The key identifies table rows. There are two kinds of key for internal tables - the standard key and a user-defined key. You can specify whether the key should be UNIQUE or NON-UNIQUE. Internal tables with a unique key cannot contain duplicate entries. The uniqueness depends on the table access method.
If a table has a structured line type, its default key consists of all of its non-numerical columns that are not references or themselves internal tables. If a table has an elementary line type, the default key is the entire line. The default key of an internal table whose line type is an internal table, the default key is empty.
The user-defined key can contain any columns of the internal table that are not references or themselves internal tables. Internal tables with a user-defined key are called key tables. When you define the key, the sequence of the key fields is significant. You should remember this, for example, if you intend to sort the table according to the key.

Table type
The table type determines how ABAP will access individual table entries. Internal tables can be divided into three types:
Standard tables have an internal linear index. From a particular size upwards, the indexes of internal tables are administered as trees. In this case, the index administration overhead increases in logarithmic and not linear relation to the number of lines. The system can access records either by using the table index or the key. The response time for key access is proportional to the number of entries in the table. The key of a standard table is always non-unique. You cannot specify a unique key. This means that standard tables can always be filled very quickly, since the system does not have to check whether there are already existing entries.

Sorted tables are always saved sorted by the key. They also have an internal index. The system can access records either by using the table index or the key. The response time for key access is logarithmically proportional to the number of table entries, since the system uses a binary search. The key of a sorted table can be either unique or non-unique. When you define the table, you must specify whether the key is to be unique or not. Standard tables and sorted tables are known generically as index tables.

Hashed tables have no linear index. You can only access a hashed table using its key. The response time is independent of the number of table entries, and is constant, since the system access the table entries using a hash algorithm. The key of a hashed table must be unique. When you define the table, you must specify the key as UNIQUE.

Generic Internal Tables
Unlike other local data types in programs, you do not have to specify the data type of an internal table fully. Instead, you can specify a generic construction, that is, the key or key and line type of an internal table data type may remain unspecified. You can use generic internal tables to specify the types of field symbols and the interface parameters of procedures . You cannot use them to declare data objects.
Internal Tables as Dynamic Data Objects
Data objects that are defined either with the data type of an internal table, or directly as an internal table, are always fully defined in respect of their line type, key and access method. However, the number of lines is not fixed. Thus internal tables are dynamic data objects, since they can contain any number of lines of a particular type. The only restriction on the number of lines an internal table may contain are the limits of your system installation. The maximum memory that can be occupied by an internal table (including its internal administration) is 2 gigabytes. A more realistic figure is up to 500 megabytes. An additional restriction for hashed tables is that they may not contain more than 2 million entries. The line types of internal tables can be any ABAP data types - elementary, structured, or internal tables. The individual lines of an internal table are called table lines or table entries. Each component of a structured line is called a column in the internal table.

Choosing a Table Type
The table type (and particularly the access method) that you will use depends on how the typical internal table operations will be most frequently executed.

Standard tables
This is the most appropriate type if you are going to address the individual table entries using the index. Index access is the quickest possible access. You should fill a standard table by appending lines (ABAP APPEND statement), and read, modify and delete entries by specifying the index (INDEX option with the relevant ABAP command). The access time for a standard table increases in a linear relationship with the number of table entries. If you need key access, standard tables are particularly useful if you can fill and process the table in separate steps. For example, you could fill the table by appending entries, and then sort it. If you use the binary search option with key access, the response time is logarithmically proportional to the number of table entries.
Sorted tables
This is the most appropriate type if you need a table which is sorted as you fill it. You fill sorted tables using the INSERT statement. Entries are inserted according to the sort sequence defined through the table key. Any illegal entries are recognized as soon as you try to add them to the table. The response time for key access is logarithmically proportional to the number of table entries, since the system always uses a binary search. Sorted tables are particularly useful for partially sequential processing in a LOOP if you specify the beginning of the table key in the WHERE condition.

Hashed tables
This is the most appropriate type for any table where the main operation is key access. You cannot access a hashed table using its index. The response time for key access remains constant, regardless of the number of table entries. Like database tables, hashed tables always have a unique key. Hashed tables are useful if you want to construct and use an internal table which resembles a database table or for processing large amounts of data.
regards,
sai ramesh

Need information about retail project

hi all
tommorow i had a interview with my client.
i need information about retail project.
like terms and business process overview .
documentaiton can be sent to: [email protected]
points will awarded for sure.
kiran

Hi Rama
Retailing consists of the sale of goods or merchandise, from a fixed location such as a department store or kiosk, in small or individual lots for direct consumption by the purchaser.[1] Retailing may include subordinated services, such as delivery. Purchasers may be individuals or businesses. In commerce, a retailer buys goods or products in large quantities from manufacturers or importers, either directly or through a wholesaler, and then sells smaller quantities to the end-user. Retail establishments are often called shops or stores. Retailers are at the end of the supply chain. Manufacturing marketers see the process of retailing as a necessary part of their overall distribution strategy.
Shops may be on residential streets, shopping streets with few or no houses, or in a shopping center or mall, but are mostly found in the central business district. Shopping streets may be for pedestrians only. Sometimes a shopping street has a partial or full roof to protect customers from precipitation. Retailers often provided boardwalks in front of their stores to protect customers from the mud. Online retailing, also known as e-commerce is the latest form of non-shop retailing (cf. mail order).
Shopping generally refers to the act of buying products. Sometimes this is done to obtain necessities such as food and clothing; sometimes it is done as a recreational activity. Recreational shopping often involves window shopping (just looking, not buying) and browsing and does not always result in a purchase.
Most retailers have employees learn facing, a hyperreal tool used to create the look of a perfectly-stocked store even when it is not.
Contents [hide]
1 Retail pricing
2 Retail Industry
3 Etymology
4 Retail types
5 See also
6 Notes
7 References
[edit] Retail pricing
The pricing technique used by most retailers is cost-plus pricing. This involves adding a markup amount (or percentage) to the retailers cost. Another common technique is suggested retail pricing. This simply involves charging the amount suggested by the manufacturer and usually printed on the product bize the manufacturer.
In Western countries, retail prices are often so-called psychological prices or odd prices: a little less than a round number, e.g. $6.95. In Chinese societies, prices are generally either a round number or sometimes a lucky number. This creates price points.
Often prices are fixed and displayed on signs or labels. Alternatively, there can be price discrimination for a variety of reasons, where the retailer charges higher prices to some customers and lower prices to others. For example, a customer may have to pay more if the seller determines that he or she is willing to. The retailer may conclude this due to the customer's wealth, carelessness, lack of knowledge, or eagerness to buy. Another example is the practice of discounting for youths or students. Price discrimination can lead to a bargaining situation often called haggling, in which the parties negotiate about the price. Economists see this as determining how the transaction's total surplus will be divided into consumer and producer surplus. Neither party has a clear advantage, because of the threat of no sale, in which case the surplus vanishes for both.
Retailers who are overstocked, or need to raise cash to renew stocks may resort to "Sales", where prices are "marked down", often by advertised percentages - "50% off" for example."Sales" are often held at fixed times of the year, for example January sales, or end-of-season sales, or Blue Cross Sale
[edit] Retail Industry
Retail Industry has brought in phenomenal changes in the whole process of production, distribution and consumption of Consumer Goods all over the world. In the present world most of the developed economies are using the Retail Industry as their vital growth instrument. At present, among all the industries of U.S.A the Retail Industry holds the second place in terms of Employment Generation. In fact, the strength of the Retail Industry lies in its ability to generate large volume of employment.
Not only U.S but also the other developed countries like U.K, Canada, France, Germany are experiencing tremendous growth in their Retail Sectors. This boom in the Global Retail Industry was in many ways accelerated by the Liberalization of Retail Sector.
Observing this global upward trend of Retail Industry, now the developing countries like India are also planning to tap the enormous potential of the retail sector. Wal-Mart,the world's largest Retailer has been invited to India. Other popular Brands like Pantaloons, Big Bazar, Archies are rapidly increasing their market share in the retail sector. According to a survey, within 5 years, the Indian Retail Industry is expected to generate 10 to 15 million jobs by direct and indirect effects. This huge employment generation can be possible because of the fact that being dependent on the the Retail Sector shares a lot of Forward and Backward Linkages.
Emergence of a strong Retail Sector can contribute immensely to the economic development of any country. With a dominant retail sector, the farmers and other suppliers can sell their produce directly to the major retail companies and can ensure stable profit. On the other hand, to ensure steady supply of goods, the Retail Companies can inject cash into the production system. This whole process can result into a more efficient production and distribution system for the economy as a whole.
[edit] Etymology
Retail comes from the French word retaillier which refers to "cutting off, clip and divide" in terms of tailoring (1365). It first was recorded as a noun with the meaning of a "sale in small quantities" in 1433 (French). Its literal meaning for retail was to "cut off, shred, paring". Like the French, the word retail in both Dutch and German (detailhandel and Einzelhandel respectively) also refer to sale of small quantities or items.[citation needed]
[edit] Retail types
According to Jim there are three major types of retailing. The first is the market, a physical location where buyers and sellers converge. Usually this is done in town squares, sidewalks or designated streets and may involve the construction of temporary structures (market stalls). The second form is shop or store trading. Some shops use counter-service, where goods are out of reach of buyers, and must be obtained from the seller. This type of retail is common for small expensive items (e.g. jewelry) and controlled items like medicine and liquor. Self-service, where goods may be handled and examined prior to purchase, has become more common since the Twentieth Century. A third form of retail is virtual retail, where products are ordered via mail, telephone or online without having been examined physically but instead in a catalog, on television or on a website. Sometimes this kind of retailing replicates existing retail types such as online shops or virtual marketplaces such as futurebazaar.com or Amazon.[2].
Buildings for retail have changed considerably over time. Market halls were constructed in the Middle Ages, which were essentially just covered marketplaces. The first shops in the modern sense used to deal with just one type of article, and usually adjoined the producer (baker, tailor, cobbler). In the nineteenth century, in France, arcades were invented, which were a street of several different shops, roofed over. counters, each dealing with a different kind of article was invented; it was called a department store. One of the novelties of the department store was the introduction of fixed prices, making haggling unnecessary, and browsing more enjoyable. This is commonly considered the birth of consumerism [3]. In cities, these were multi-story buildings which pioneered the escalator.
In the 1920s the first supermarket opened in the United States, heralding in a new era of retail: self-service. Around the same time the first shopping mall was constructed [4] which incorporated elements from both the arcade and the department store. A mall consists of several department stores linked by arcades (many of whose shops are owned by the same firm under different names). The design was perfected by the Austrian architecht Victor Gruen[5]. All the stores rent their space from the mall owner. By mid-century, most of these were being developed as single enclosed, climate-controlled, projects in suburban areas. The mall has had a considerable impact on the retail structure and urban development in the United States. [6]
In addition to the enclosed malls, there are also strip malls which are 'outside' malls (in Britain they are called retail parks. These are often comprised of one or more big box stores or superstores.
Non-traditional exterior of a SuperTarget, JacksonvilleLocal shops can be known as brick and mortar stores in the United States. Many shops are part of a chain: a number of similar shops with the same name selling the same products in different locations. The shops may be owned by one company, or there may be a franchising company that has franchising agreements with the shop owners (see also restaurant chain).
Some shops sell second-hand goods. Often the public can also sell goods to such shops, sometimes called 'pawn' shops. In other cases, especially in the case of a nonprofit shop, the public donates goods to the shop to be sold (see also thrift store). In give-away shops goods can be taken for free.
There are also 'consignment' shops, which is where a person can place an item in a store, and if it sells the person gives the shop owner a percentage of the sale price. The advantage of selling an item this way is that the established shop give the item exposure to more potential buyers.
The term retailer is also applied where a service provider services the needs of a large number of individuals, such as with telephone or electric power.
IS Retail was original develop to meet specific needs of Retail industry where standard SD/MM cannot.
- Significant functionality difference are:
- Store specific features are built into IS Retail where as it is not in
standard SD/MM.
- Mass processing of pricing (some of the retail features were
included as standard SAP as of 4.6)
- Assortment handling is not in standard SAP
There are other differences in inventory costing/valuation etc.
Retail valuation only available in SAP Retail.
What is known in the trade as the "retail inventory method" or the "retail method" involves valuating stocks at retail, often aggregated at merchandise category or departmental level.
Both the cost method and the retail method can be used in SAP Retail.
Actually IS-Retail is a combination of MM and SD plus other funtionalities speacially developed for the retail industry such as:
Promotions
Pricing
Assortments
Clasification
Merchandise category
Seasons
Is important to mention that all the funtionality of MM and SD is avialable in SAP IS-Retail with some diferences in some transactions:
Material master data (article in retail) has some diferences.
Vendor master data.
Site master data.
Reward if useful to u

Information about Standard Characteristics

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